Unit 1 Whats the matter？【知識(shí)梳理+拓展延伸+對(duì)點(diǎn)專練】 人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ) 下冊(cè)核心知識(shí)必背

Unit1What’sthematter?八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)必備知識(shí)清單詞匯知識(shí)清單I、課標(biāo)詞匯[注意英譯漢]matter[?m?t?]v.重要，要緊，有關(guān)系sore[s?:(r)]adj.疼痛的，酸痛的stomachache['st?m?ke?k]n.胃痛，腹痛stomach['st?m?k]n.胃，腹部foot(復(fù)數(shù)feet)[fu:t]n.腳neck[nek]n.頸，脖子necklacen項(xiàng)鏈neckbyneck齊頭并進(jìn)throat[θr??t]n.喉嚨fever['fi:v?]n.發(fā)燒，發(fā)熱lie[la?]v.躺，平躺lie-lay-lain-lying躺lie-lied-lied-lying說(shuō)謊lay-laid-laid-laying放置/下蛋rest[rest]n.剩余部分，其余；放松，休息cough[k?f]n.&v.咳嗽toothache[?tu:θe?k]n.牙痛toothn牙齒；teeth復(fù)數(shù)headache[?hede?k]n.頭痛break[bre?k]n.&v.休息，暫停；打破hurt[h?:t]v.傷害，損害，使受傷passenger['p?s?nd??]n.乘客，旅客off[?f]adv.prep.離開（某處）；從…去掉onto[??ntu]prep.向；朝trouble[?tr?bl]n.問(wèn)題；苦惱hit[hit]v.（用手或器具）擊；打bandage[?b?nd?d?]n.繃帶v用繃帶包扎press

[pres]

v壓；擠；按sick[s?k]adj.患病的，不適的sicknessn.疾?。槐撞nee[ni:]n.膝蓋nosebleed

[?n??zbli?d]

n鼻出血breathe

[bri?e]

v.呼吸sunburned

[?s?nb??nd]adj曬傷的ourselves[ɑ:?selvz]pron.我們自己myselfherselfhimselfthemselvesrisk[r?sk]n.&v.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，危險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)accident[??ksid?nt]n.意外事件；事故accidentaladj意外的；偶然的situation[?sitju?ei??n]n.狀況，形式，情況rock[r?k]n.巖石knife[naif]n.刀，餐刀mean[mi:n]v.意味著，意思是，意欲importance[?m?p?:tns]n.重要性importantadj重要的decision[d?'s??n]n.決心，決定，抉擇control[k?n'tr??l]v.控制，支配，spirit['sp?r?t]n.勇氣，意志death[deθ]n.死亡deadadj死的II、語(yǔ)法詞匯知其變[注意詞性變化]1:foot.n.腳，足→feet.n.腳（復(fù)數(shù)）2:rest.n/v.放松，休息→resting.adj.剩下的，余下的3:trouble.n.問(wèn)題，苦惱→trouble.v.使….苦惱4:sick.adj.有病的，生病的→sickness.n.生病5:breathe.v.呼吸→breath.n.呼吸6:climber.n.登山者，攀登者→climb.v.攀登7:risk.n風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，危險(xiǎn)→risk.v.冒險(xiǎn)→risky.adj.有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的，危險(xiǎn)的8:accident.n.（交通）事故，意外遭遇→accidental.adj.偶然的，意外的→accidentally.adv.偶然地，意外地9:meaningless.adj毫無(wú)意義的，意思不明確的→meaninglessly.adv沒(méi)有意義地→meaninglessness.n無(wú)意義→meaningful.adj有意義的→mean.v意思是，意味著→meaning.n意義，意思→mean.adj.吝嗇的10:importance.n.重要，重要性→important.adj.重要的→unimportant.adj.不重要的→importantly.adv.重要地11:decide.v決定，選定→decision.n決心決定→decisive.adj決定性的12:control.n.控制，管理→control.v.限制，約束13:death.n.死亡→dead.adj.死亡的，去世的→die.v.死，消亡14:nurse.n.護(hù)士→nursing.n.護(hù)理III、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)知搭配[注意固定短語(yǔ)的英漢互譯]1.cutoneself:割傷自己 2.takeone’stemperature量體溫3.haveacold=getacold=catchacold感冒 4.liedown躺下5.haveafever發(fā)燒 6.haveastomachache胃痛7.takebreaks=takeabreak=havearest休息 8.rightaway:立刻；馬上9.geton:上車10.getoff:下車11.getinto:陷入；參與12.getoutof:離開；從…出來(lái)13.makeadecision做決定 14.decidetodosth決定做某事15.beincontrolof掌管；管理16.outofcontrol失去控制17.giveup放棄 18.givein妥協(xié)19.playcomputergames玩電腦游戲20.putsomemedicineon:在…上敷些藥21.waitfor等待 22.falldown:摔倒23.gethit/sunburned被打擊/曬傷24.loseone’slife失去某人的生命25.withoutthinkingtwice沒(méi)多想 26.gotoadoctor看醫(yī)生27.intime及時(shí) 28.ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)29.expectsbtodosth期待某人做某事 30.minddoingsth介意做某事31.tellsbtodosth告訴某人某事 32.nexttosb在某人旁邊IV、核心單詞知用法[注意固定短語(yǔ)、句型和詞塊]SectionA八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)—What’sthe=1\*GB3①matter?怎么啦？—I=2\*GB3②haveacold.我感冒了【考點(diǎn)分析1】matter/'m?t?(r))/n.問(wèn)題；事情【句型拓展】What’sthematter?=What’sthetrouble.?=What’swrong?怎么了？【南充1】—Mum，I'mnotfeelingwell.—Oh，dear！____A．What'swrong?B．Notatall.C．Allright.【用法】該句用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某人遇到的麻煩事及問(wèn)題，也是醫(yī)生和護(hù)士詢問(wèn)病人病情時(shí)的常用句子。其后跟詢問(wèn)對(duì)象時(shí)，與介詞with連用。即：What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’sthetrouble/problemwithsb?=What’swrongwithsb?=What’sup?=Whathappenedtosb.?某人怎么啦？【易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)】：matter和trouble為名詞，其前可加the或形容詞性物主代詞,wrong是adj.不能加the【考點(diǎn)分析2】haveacold受涼;感冒havea/an+疾病名詞“患……病”類似的短語(yǔ)：haveafever發(fā)燒haveacold=catchacold患感冒haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache患胃痛haveatoothache患牙痛haveaheadache患頭痛haveabackache患背痛haveasorethroat患喉嚨痛haveasoreback患背痛身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛2.Shetalked=1\*GB3①toomuchyesterdayanddidn’tdrink=2\*GB3②enoughwater.（1c)【考點(diǎn)分析1】toomuch/toomany/muchtoo【考點(diǎn)分析2】enough的用法3.drinksomehotteawithhoney.喝一些加蜂蜜的熱茶。(2b)【考點(diǎn)分析】with的用法詞性用法例句withPrep=1\*GB2⑴“具有，帶有”,表示某物帶有或具有某種特征（反）withoutSheisagirlwithlonghair.=2\*GB2⑵和......一起I’llgoshoppingwithyou.(3)用......表示“使用某種工具”Cutitwithaknife.4.=1\*GB3①ShouldI=2\*GB3②takemytemperature?【考點(diǎn)分析1】should情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，“應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)；理應(yīng)”后接動(dòng)詞原形，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，多用于表示勸告或建議。Youshould___________(finish)yourhomeworkontime.其否定形式在后面加not,可縮寫為shouldn’t;Youshouldn’t________(drink)toomuch變成一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)將should提到句首。ShouldI_________(take）mytemperature?【考點(diǎn)分析2】takeone’stemperature量體溫5.No,itdoesn’t=1\*GB3①soundlikeyou=2\*GB3②haveafever.【考點(diǎn)分析1】soundlike聽起來(lái)像，后接名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)。soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容詞，“聽起來(lái)，好像”Themusicsoundsnice.【拓展】“感官動(dòng)詞+likefeellike摸起來(lái)像smelllike聞起來(lái)像looklike看起來(lái)像tastelike嘗起來(lái)像【考點(diǎn)分析2】fever/'fi:v?:(r)/n.發(fā)燒haveafever發(fā)燒6.You=1\*GB3①needto=2\*GB3②takebreaksawayfromthecomputer.【考點(diǎn)分析1】needv需要◆用于肯定句是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,變成否定句或疑問(wèn)句，要借助助動(dòng)詞do/does/didneed(1)人做主語(yǔ)need+名詞需要某物Ineedyourhelp.(2)主語(yǔ)是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作sbneedtodosth某人需要做某事Doyouneedtodrinkmorewater?sthneeddoingsth=MyTVsetneedsrepairing.(3)主語(yǔ)通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作sthneedtobedone某物需要被做◆need用于否定句是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后跟動(dòng)詞原形。=1\*GB3①needn’t=don’thaveto沒(méi)有必要=2\*GB3②must開頭的一般疑問(wèn)句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t【考點(diǎn)分析2】takebreaks=takeabreak=haveabreak休息一下【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)7.IthinkIsat=1\*GB3①inthesamewayfortoolong=2\*GB3②withoutmoving.（2d)我想我保持同樣的坐姿太久了而沒(méi)有動(dòng)。【考點(diǎn)分析1】inthesameway以同樣的方式【拓展】與way相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)alltheway一路上bywayof經(jīng)由，通過(guò)……方式innoway決不getintheway擋道bytheway順便提一下，另外inone's/theway妨礙，阻礙inaway在某點(diǎn)，在某種程度上inthisway用這種方法leadtheway帶路，引路loseone'sway迷路onthe/one'sway(to)在去……的路上【考點(diǎn)分析2】withoutprep沒(méi)有；缺乏（反）with(后跟Ving)withoutdoingsth.沒(méi)有做某事8.At9:00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26wasgoing=1\*GB3①alongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriver=2\*GB3②sawanoldman=3\*GB3③lyingonthesideoftheroad.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析1】辨析along/down相同點(diǎn)prep“順著；沿著”不同點(diǎn)along強(qiáng)調(diào)順著水平方向down指“沿著……下坡或者往南走”【考點(diǎn)分析2】see（saw,seen）v看見seesb.dosth看見某人做某事強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作Lucysaidshesawmedothehousework.露西說(shuō)她看見我做家務(wù)了。seesb.doingsth看見某人正在做某事強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生Iseemomcookinginthekitchen.我看見媽媽正在廚房做飯?！就卣埂款愃频膭?dòng)詞：find;watch;hear;notice;等【考點(diǎn)分析3】lie/lai/v.(lay/lei/)躺；平躺lie→lay→lainv躺下，(現(xiàn)在分詞lying).liedown躺下liedownandrest躺下休息9.Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing,stoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】24-year-old24歲的“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞，在句中作定語(yǔ)，【注】復(fù)合形容詞的特點(diǎn)：⑴各詞之間有連字符號(hào)⑵名詞用單數(shù)(1)a24–year-oldman24歲的男人(2)24-year–oldsn24歲的人twenty-four-year–oldsliketosing.(3)twenty-fouryearsold24歲指年齡Heistwenty-fouryearsold.10.Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】getoff下車(反）geton上車【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：getup起床getback回來(lái)；取回getover克服；度過(guò)getto到達(dá)geton／alongwellwith與……相處融洽getinaword插話11.Heexpectedmostorallofthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】expectv預(yù)料(1)expecttodosth預(yù)計(jì)做某事(2)expectsb.todosth期待某人做某事=lookforwardtodoingsth期待做某事(3)Iexpectso/not我期待是這樣/不是這樣12.But=1\*GB3①tohissurprise,theyall=2\*GB3②agreedtogowithhim.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析1】surprise[s?'pra?z]v使吃驚→surprisingadj.令人吃驚的→surprisedadj.吃驚的詞性詞義句型或短語(yǔ)及用法例句Surprisev使吃驚surprisesb使某人吃驚Thebadnewssurprisedme.Surprisen驚訝toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地_________________(使我吃驚的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexamsurprisingadj.令人吃驚的物作主語(yǔ)Whatsurpringnews!surprisedadj.吃驚的人作主語(yǔ)besurprisedat對(duì)……感到吃驚besurprisedtodosth做某事而感到驚訝besurprised+that從句因...而驚訝I(yíng)wassurprisedatthatsurprisingnews.【記】Weare____________atthe_____________news.(surprise)【考點(diǎn)分析2】agreev→(反)disagree→agreementn同意詞組意思例句agreewithsb.同意某人Iagreewithyou.agreeonsth就某事達(dá)成一致Atlast,weagreedontheplanagreetosth同意某事Shallweagreetohisadvice.agreetodosth同意做某事Sheagreedtoletmegoearly.agree+that從句認(rèn)同/同意.......Weallagreedthattheplanwasagoodone.13.=1\*GB3①ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorsavedtheman=2\*GB3②intime.【考點(diǎn)分析1】thanksto對(duì)虧；由于短語(yǔ)含義用法Thanksto“由于”、“多虧”to表示感謝的對(duì)象,thanks不可以改為thankyou，to后也不接動(dòng)詞原形Thanksfor“因……而感謝”for強(qiáng)調(diào)為何而感謝，其后可接名詞或v-ingthanks相當(dāng)于thankyou【記】ThankstoTom,Iwasn’tlatethismorning,sothanksagainforTom’shelp.【考點(diǎn)分析2】ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)/intime及時(shí)ontime=atexactlytherighttime.準(zhǔn)時(shí)（在規(guī)定的時(shí)間之內(nèi)）強(qiáng)調(diào)與某個(gè)時(shí)刻一致intime=withenoughtimetospare/notlate及時(shí)（恰在時(shí)間點(diǎn)上）表示動(dòng)作在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)或比規(guī)定時(shí)間提前發(fā)生【記】Shedidn’tcatchthe___________,soshecouldn’tarrivethere__________.【拓展】與time相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：attimes=sometimes有時(shí)haveagoodtime玩得高興havetime=befree有空allthetime一直atthesametime同時(shí)bythetime到……時(shí)候forthefirsttime第一次【句型】It’stimetodosth=It’stimeforsth是該做某事的時(shí)間了Ittakessb.sometimetodosth做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間s14.Butthedriverdidn’tthinkabouthimself.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】thinkabout考慮；認(rèn)為 【拓展】thinkabout/thinkof/thinkover/thinkup的區(qū)別短語(yǔ)意思用法thinkabout考慮；認(rèn)為后跟名詞，代詞或ving.thinkof想起常用于Whatdoyouthinkof...?“你認(rèn)為......怎么樣？thinkover仔細(xì)考慮跟代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，代詞放中間thinkup=comeupwith想出跟代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，代詞放中間15.BusNo.26hitanoldmanonZhonghuaRoad.(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】hit/hit/v.(hit/hit/hitting)(用手或器具）擊；打(1)hitsb.擊中/撞到某人Theballhithimintheface.(2)hitsb./sthwithsth用某物擊打某人/物16.Doyouagreethatpeopleoftendonothelpothersbecausetheydonotwanttogetintotrouble?(3a)【考點(diǎn)分析】trouble/'tr?bl/n.問(wèn)題；苦惱【拓展】與trouble相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：getintotrouble造成麻煩（或煩惱）beintrouble處于困境中havetrouble/problems/difficulty（in)doingsth在做某事方面有困難givesb.trouble給某人造成麻煩havetroublewithsth在某事方面有困難17.Jennycutherself.珍妮傷著自己了(4b)【考點(diǎn)分析】herself/h3:(r)'self/pron.(she的反身代詞）她自己(2)反身代詞的常見搭配：enjoyoneself玩得高興byoneself獨(dú)自helponeselfto隨便吃introduceoneselfto自我介紹teachoneself=learn…byoneself自學(xué)say/talktooneself自言自語(yǔ)lookafteroneself照顧自己cutoneself割傷自己loseoneselfinsth沉溺于......hurtoneself傷了自己【注】反身代詞必須與主語(yǔ)保持人稱的一致。反身代詞的用法：=1\*GB3①作賓語(yǔ)（作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)）HeteacheshimselfEnglish.=2\*GB3②作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)：Icandoitbymyself.18.Didyoufalldown?【考點(diǎn)分析】fall→fell→fallenv落下；跌落【拓展】與fall相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：falldown摔倒，（強(qiáng)調(diào)“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)加上介詞fromShefelldownfromherbikefalloff指從某物上跌落下來(lái)Thegirlfelloffthebikefallinto落入Theleaffellintotheriver.fallbehind落后fallinlovewith愛上fallasleep入睡SectionBSomeonefeltsick.有人生病了。（1b)【考點(diǎn)分析】feelsick生??；不舒服【拓展】sick/ill辨析相同點(diǎn)生病的不同點(diǎn)illill→illnessn.“??；疾病”adj.“生病的”，只能放be(系動(dòng)詞)后作表語(yǔ)beillinhospital生病住院Hewasilllastweek.sickadj.“生病的”，=1\*GB3①放be(系動(dòng)詞)后作表語(yǔ)，=2\*GB3②放n.前作定語(yǔ)。besickof…“討厭；厭惡……”sickperson=patient“病人”Ifeelalittlesick.2.Someonecuthisknee.有人切到他的膝蓋。（1b)【考點(diǎn)分析】cutv割；切；n傷口(cut-cut-cut-cutting)【拓展】與cut相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：cutoneself切到某人自己cutup切碎cutintopieces切成碎片cutdown砍倒cutoff砍掉Someonehurthisback.有人傷到他的后背?！究键c(diǎn)分析】hurt-hurt-hurtv受傷、疼痛hurtoneself傷到某人自己hurt的用法hurtv=1\*GB3①受傷、疼痛Didyouhurtyourself?=2\*GB3②感到疼Myfeethurt=3\*GB3③Hurtsb.側(cè)重情感上傷到某人I’msorry;Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.adj.受傷的Luckily,noneofthepassengerswerebadlyhurt.tookhimtothehospitaltogetanX-ray.帶他上醫(yī)院拍X光片（1c)【考點(diǎn)分析】take...to...帶......去......【拓展1】bring,take,carry,get,fetch辨析bring意為“拿來(lái)；帶來(lái)”，指從別處帶到說(shuō)話處。take意為“拿去；帶去”，指把某物(人)從說(shuō)話處帶到別處，與bring所表示的方向相反。get表示到某地去把某物取來(lái)，相當(dāng)于fetchbring意為“搬運(yùn)；攜帶”，沒(méi)有方向性。【拓展2】與take相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：takedown拆除；往下拽；記錄takein吸入；吞入（體內(nèi)）；欺騙takeamessage捎個(gè)口信；傳話takeaphoto拍照takeashower淋?。幌丛鑤akeatrip去旅行takeavacation去度假takeawalk散步takeafter（在外貌、性格等方面）與（父母等）相像takeaninterestin...對(duì)……感興趣takeaway拿走takebreaks(takeabreak)休息takecareof照顧；照看takecare當(dāng)心；小心takeiteasy從容；輕松；別緊張takenotes做筆記takeoff起飛；成功takeone’stemperature量體溫takeouttherubbish倒垃圾takepartin參加……；參與……takeplace發(fā)生takepridein...對(duì)……感到自豪takethesubway乘地鐵takeup占據(jù)時(shí)間、空間；開始從事；拿起5.AronRalstonisanAmericanman=1\*GB3①whois=2\*GB3②interestedinmountainclimbing.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析1】who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句【定語(yǔ)從句】：【定義】：用一個(gè)句子來(lái)修飾前面的名詞或代詞的句子，叫做定語(yǔ)從句?！鞠刃性~】：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須放在先行詞之后。【關(guān)系詞】：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的連詞叫做關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。Heistheboywho/thatoftenhelpsme.who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)【方法突破】定語(yǔ)從句先行詞還原法初中階段對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查主要是關(guān)系詞的運(yùn)用。首先大家可以把先行詞還原到從句。其次在選擇關(guān)系詞時(shí)，一要看先行詞是指人還是指物，二要看在從句中作何成分，從而做出正確的判斷【考點(diǎn)分析2】beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣【拓展1】Interest的用法interest=1\*GB3①n興趣=2\*GB3②v.引起……關(guān)注；使……感興趣(1)take/haveaninterestin=beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣(2)placesofinterest名勝(3)loseinterestin失去興趣【拓展2】interesting/interested辨析interestingadj.令人有興趣的=1\*GB3①作表語(yǔ)，修飾物；=2\*GB3②作定語(yǔ)Thestoryisinteresting.Thisisaninterestingerestedadj.對(duì)……感興趣作表語(yǔ)，修飾人WeareinterestedinstudyingEnglishbeinterestedinsth./doingsth.對(duì)……變得感興趣=showgreatinterestinsth./doingsth.表現(xiàn)出對(duì)……的極大興趣;【記】Theinterestingmoviedoesn’tinterestmebecauseIamnotinterestedincomedies.6.=1\*GB3①Asamountainclimber,Aron=2\*GB3②isusedtotakingrisks.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析1】asprep，"作為"，"以……身份"?！就卣埂縜s的用法：含義用法例句=1\*GB3①當(dāng)......的時(shí)候用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生Istartledasheopenedthedoor.=2\*GB3②按照；如同表示方式I’msureshe’lldoasyoulike.=3\*GB3③因?yàn)?；由于；表示原因Asyouwereout,Ileftamessage【考點(diǎn)分析2】beusedto(doing)習(xí)慣于（做）；適應(yīng)于（做）【拓展】use/usesthtodosth/usedtodosth/be/getusedtodoingsth/beusedtodosthusev.使用useup用完→usefuladj.有用的StudyingEnglishis__________(use).(2)usesthtodosth用某物做某事WeuseInternet__________(find)information.(3)usedtodosth過(guò)去常常做某事，表示過(guò)去做過(guò)的事現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做，只用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。Iusedtogetupatsix.(4)be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事Mygrandpaisused___________(live)incountry.(5)beusedtodosth=beusedfordoingsth被用來(lái)做某事Stampsisused____________(post)letters.【記】Heusedtowearglasses.Butnowheisusedtowearingcontactlenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼鏡，但現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣戴隱形眼鏡。7.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析】oneof…......之一【結(jié)構(gòu)】“oneof+the+adj.最高級(jí)+n復(fù)數(shù)”，做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。OneofthemostpopularcolorsisredinChina.8.ThereweremanytimeswhenAron=1\*GB3①almost=2\*GB3②losthislife=3\*GB3③becauseofaccidents.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析1】almostadv差不多【拓展】almost/nearly辨析：相同點(diǎn)都表示“差不多”、“幾乎”、“將近”等，都是程度副詞不同點(diǎn)almost可和表示否定意義的代詞、名詞連用She’salmostneverinnearly不能和表示否定意義的代詞、名詞連用Shenearlymissedhertrain.【考點(diǎn)分析2】lose→lost→lostv失去loseone’slife失去生命loseheart失去信心【拓展】lose/miss辨析相同點(diǎn)都有“丟失”的意思不同點(diǎn)lose丟失而難以復(fù)得Ilostmypenonmywayhome.miss發(fā)現(xiàn)某物不見了Ididn’tmissthekeyuntilIgothome.【考點(diǎn)分析3】becauseof由于；因?yàn)椤就卣埂縝ecause/becauseof辨析詞匯詞性用法because連詞=1\*GB3①后接句子(引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句）Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.=2\*GB3②because還可以回答why引導(dǎo)的句子—Whydoyoulikepandas?—Becausetheyarecute.【注】because和so不能一起連用，二者只能用其一。becauseof介詞短語(yǔ)后接名詞或/vingShe’sworriedbecauseofherson.【記】：跟句子時(shí)用because,加名詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)用becauseof9.=1\*GB3①OnApril26,2003,he=2\*GB3②foundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah.【考點(diǎn)分析1】on修飾具體的某一天on

a

Sunday

morning;

on

Friday【拓展】in/on/at表示時(shí)間相同點(diǎn)都是介詞，都可以表示時(shí)間不同點(diǎn)in常用在年、月、季節(jié)、世紀(jì)前及上午、下午等固定搭配中in

the

21st

century在21

世紀(jì)；in

在年；in

summer在夏季；in

July在七月IoftenreadEnglishinthemorning.on用在具體的每一天及星期之前，也可用在具體某一天的上午、下午及晚上on

Mondays/weekdays在星期一/工作日；on

Saturday

morning在周六早上；on

September

1st在九月一號(hào)；on

a

cold

morning在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨；

on

National

Day在國(guó)慶OnMondaywehaveanEnglishclass.at用在具體的時(shí)間前at

half

past

ten在十點(diǎn)半；at

noon在中午；

at

night在晚上Iusuallygetupatsixo’clockinthemorning【記】in/on/at表時(shí)間，in來(lái)表示月季年；on在具體某一天；at是個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)【考點(diǎn)分析2】find→found→foundv尋找find后接“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的用法：(1)findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事Ifindaboycryinginthecorner.(2)findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難【拓展】lookfor,find,lookup，findoutlookfor“尋找”強(qiáng)調(diào)找的動(dòng)作和過(guò)程Whatareyoulookingfor?你在找什么?find“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果Ican’tfindmypen.我找不到我的鋼筆了【記】Ilookedformybookinmyschoolbag,butIcouldn'tfindit.我在書包里找我的書，但找不到。findout“查出，獲知”強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)研究、調(diào)查而得Pleasefindoutwhenthetrainleaves.請(qǐng)查一下火車什么時(shí)候離站lookupShelookedupandshesawmanybirdsinthesky.=1\*GB3①向上看=2\*GB3②查字典跟代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，代詞放中間她抬頭仰望，看見天空中有許多鳥兒。Youmustlookupthenewwordswhenyoudon’tknowhowtopronounceit.當(dāng)你不知道如何這些新單詞如何發(fā)音時(shí)，你必須要查字典。Onthatday,Aron’sarmwascaughtundera2,000–kilorockthatfellonhimwhenhewasclimbing=1\*GB3①byhimselfinthemountains.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析】byoneself=alone=onone’sownadj.單獨(dú)的，(指無(wú)人陪伴的客觀事實(shí)，不帶感情色彩)11.Butwhenhiswater=1\*GB3①ranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosave=2\*GB3②hisownlife.【考點(diǎn)分析1】run→ran→runv跑【拓展】runout/runoutof辨析：短語(yǔ)意思主語(yǔ)形式例句runout=1\*GB3①用完；耗盡，表被動(dòng)意義=2\*GB3②=useup主語(yǔ)通常是時(shí)間、金錢、事物等無(wú)生命的東西Ourmoneyhasrunout.runoutof=1\*GB3①用完；耗盡，表主動(dòng)意義=2\*GB3②“從......跑出來(lái)”主語(yǔ)通常是人Wehaverunoutofourmoney.【短語(yǔ)】runacross偶然遇見runafter追求，追逐runaway逃跑runat向…..沖去【考點(diǎn)分析2】own①adj.自己的②v擁有→ownern所有者，物主one’sown某人自己的ofone’sown/one’sown+n某人自己的(one’s要用adj.物主代詞代替)Iwanttohaveabighouseofmyown.12.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析】sothat①引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,從句常出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may/might.can/could等Theboyspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.sothat以便為了②當(dāng)主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可用soasto,inorderto引導(dǎo)。Heworkeddayandnightsothathecouldsucceed.=Heworkeddayandnightinorderto/soastotosucceed.13.This=1\*GB3①meansbeingIadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemto=2\*GB3②getoutof.【考點(diǎn)分析1】mean→meant→meantv意味著→meaningn意思(1)meandoingsth.意味著做某事meantodosth.打算做某事【拓展】詢問(wèn)“......的意思”的常用句型：Whatdoes...mean?Whatisthemeaningof...?【考點(diǎn)分析2】getoutof離開，從……出來(lái)【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：get

up起床get

to到達(dá)

getback返回get

on

上車

get

off

下車get

on

with

與……友好相處14.Inthisbook,Arontellsofthe=1\*GB3①importanceofmakinggood=2\*GB3②decision,andof=3\*GB3③beingincontrolofone’slife.【考點(diǎn)分析1】importantadj.重要的important（反）unimportantadj.不重要的→importancen重要性Manypeopledonotknowthe____________(important)ofthewetlands.of+n=adj.ofgreatimportance=veryimportant.beimpotantforsb.todosthIt’simportantforustostudyEnglishwell.【考點(diǎn)分析2】decidev決定decidev決定→decisionn決定decidetodosth=makeupone’smindtodosth決定做某事Tomdecided__________(study)Englishwell.makeadecision做決定makeadecisiontodosth決定做某事ThenextmorningAlicemadea_________(decide).Shewouldtellhermakeadecisionon+n/doingmotherthetruth.【記】Myfathermadeuphismindtogiveupsmoking.Iknowit’sdifficultforhimtomakethisdecision.【考點(diǎn)分析3】beincontrolof掌管；管理【拓展】與control相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)undercontrol掌管；管理outofcontrol失去控制15.Hisloveformountainclimbingis=1\*GB3①sogreatthathe=2\*GB3②keptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.【考點(diǎn)分析1】so…that如此…..以致……“So+adj.+that”“如此……以至……”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(so后面接形容詞、副詞)【考點(diǎn)分析2】keepon(doingsth)繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持做某事,但是中間有間斷Wemustkeeponworkinghardinthecomingnewyear.【拓展】與keep相關(guān)的句型：Keepdoingsth繼續(xù)做某事KeepsmilingKeepsb.doingsth讓某人做某事I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.Keepondoingsth繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持做某事Don’tkeeponaskingquestionslikethat.16.Let’sthinkaboutitbeforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”,andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.（2b)【考點(diǎn)分析1】deathn死；死亡詞條詞性意思用法例句diev.死不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用（延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）bedead死，死亡Tomdiedtwoyearsago.deadadj.死的常和系動(dòng)詞連用，表狀態(tài)Tomhasbeendeadfortwoyears.deathn.死，死亡不可數(shù)名詞Hisfather’sdeathmadehimsad.dyingadj.將死的Thedoctorsarebusysavingthedyingboy.17.Aronlovesmountainclimbinganddoesn’tmindtakingrisks.（2e)【考點(diǎn)分析】mindv介意n頭腦，想法，記憶【句型】Wouldyouminddoingsth你介意做某事嗎？【短語(yǔ)】與mind相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)makeupone’smind下定決心nevermind不要緊changeone’smind改變主意keep…inmind記住……18.Arondidnotgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepsonclimbingmountainstoday.（2e)【考點(diǎn)分析】giveup放棄giveupdoingsth=stopdoingsth放棄做某事【拓展】與give相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)give...to...把......給giveback歸還giveoff發(fā)出（光、氣味）等givein屈服givesb.ahand幫某人的忙二、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)清單（一）表達(dá)病痛的結(jié)構(gòu)要表達(dá)身體某一部位疼痛或不舒服，可以用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1.某人+have/has+病癥.?Thetwinshavecolds.這對(duì)雙胞胎感冒了。2.某人+have/hasa(n)+身體部位-ache（headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache）?Shehadastomachachelastnight.她昨晚胃痛。3.某人+have/hasasore+身體部位.?Hehasasorethroat.他喉嚨痛。4.某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞.?Hehurthisleg.他的腿受傷了。5.身體部位+hurt(s).?Myheadhurtsbadly.我頭痛得厲害。6.某人+have/hasapaininone’s+身體部位.?Ihaveapaininmychest.我胸口痛。7.(Thereis)somethingwrongwithone’s+身體部位.?Thereissomethingwrongwithmyrighteye.我的右眼不舒服。8.其他表達(dá)方式?Shehasahearttrouble.她有心臟病。?Hegothitonthehead.他頭部受到了撞擊。?Shecutherfinger.她割破手指了。（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法should作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，有實(shí)際的詞義，但它不可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，須與動(dòng)詞原形連用，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。其否定形式在其后加not，可縮寫為shouldn’t；變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)，should提到主語(yǔ)之前。它的用法如下：1.表示委婉地提出意見或建議，一般意為＂應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)＂。?Youshouldeatlotsofhealthyfood.你應(yīng)該多吃些健康的食品。?Youshouldhelpeachother.你們應(yīng)該互相幫助。2.表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任，也意為＂應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)＂。?Youshouldstudyhard.你應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)。?Heshouldpayforthebooks.他應(yīng)當(dāng)付書錢。學(xué)科*網(wǎng)3.表示命令和要求，語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)烈。?Weshouldrespectourteachersandparents.我們應(yīng)該尊敬老師和父母。?Youshouldn’tbesocareless.你不應(yīng)該這么粗心。4.表示預(yù)測(cè)和可能性。?Heshouldbeateacher.他可能是一位老師。?Theyshouldbeintheclassroom.他們應(yīng)該在教室里。5.表示說(shuō)話人的感情，如驚奇、憤怒、失望等，多見于以why，who，how，what等開頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句中。?WhyshouldIinviteher?為什么我要邀請(qǐng)她？?HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道？(三)反身代詞反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱的人稱代詞賓格形式，詞尾加-self或-selves組成的。反身代詞意為＂本人＂＂本身＂，為加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，也可翻譯為＂親自＂＂自己＂。1.反身代詞構(gòu)成數(shù)數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2.反身代詞的用法作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)?Theboycandresshimself.這個(gè)男孩能給自己穿衣服。?Takegoodcareofyourself.好好照顧你自己。作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)?MrsBlackherselfisalawyer.布萊克夫人本人就是一名律師。?Youhadbetteraskthedriverhimself.你最好問(wèn)司機(jī)本人。作表語(yǔ)?Justbeyourself.做你自己就好了。?Maryhasn’tbeenherselfrecently.瑪麗近來(lái)感到不適。3.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)反身代詞必須與其所指代的名詞或代詞形成相互關(guān)系，在人稱、性和數(shù)上保持一致。?Thechildrenareenjoyingthemselvesinthepark.孩子們正在公園里玩得很高興。4.反身代詞的常用短語(yǔ)teachoneself＝learnbyoneself自學(xué) enjoyoneself過(guò)得愉快helponeselfto...隨便吃/用……lookafteroneself照顧某人自己dressoneself給自己穿衣服三、語(yǔ)篇知識(shí)清單話題分析本單元的寫作任務(wù)是會(huì)寫針對(duì)健康問(wèn)題提出合理化建議的短文。在寫作過(guò)程中，要求同學(xué)們熟悉人體部位的表述，掌握描述人體的不適等健康問(wèn)題。要注意關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)的正確使用，并能夠針對(duì)健康問(wèn)題運(yùn)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should和shouldn’t提出更加正確、具體和深入的合理化建議。寫作目標(biāo)能表達(dá)生活中存在的健康問(wèn)題，并就這些提出建議；能描述意外傷害事故，并給出合理的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。1.能用＂have...＂表達(dá)健康問(wèn)題及意外事故。2.能描述健康問(wèn)題的狀況或意外事故發(fā)生的過(guò)程及病情或受傷的程度。3.能用＂should/shouldn’t＂提建議。4.寫作微技能：不同句式的表達(dá)。一、詞匯積累（一）健康問(wèn)題類短語(yǔ)1.牙痛haveatoothache 2.頭痛haveaheadache3.肚子痛haveastomachache 4.背痛haveasoreback5.喉嚨痛haveasorethroat 6.流鼻血haveanosebleed7.感冒haveacold 8.發(fā)燒haveafever9.咳嗽haveacough 10.感到惡心feelsick（二）意外事故短語(yǔ)1.摔倒falldown 2.割傷cutoneself3.撞到頭gethitonthehead 4.膝蓋受傷hurtone’sknee5.背受傷hurtone’sback 6.手臂受傷hurtone’sarm （三）措施短語(yǔ)1.躺下來(lái)休息liedownandrest 2.喝熱的蜂蜜水drinkhotteawithhoney3.看牙醫(yī)gotothedentist 4.拍X光getanX-ray5.量體溫takeone’stemperature 6.在……敷藥putsomemedicineon.....7.用綁帶包扎putabandageon... 8.在水下沖rununderthewater9.去醫(yī)院gotothehospital 10.休息幾天restforafewdays11.去看醫(yī)生gotoadoctor 12.切除cutoff二、句子積累（一）佳句欣賞與模仿1.Isatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.Thebusdriverstoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.（withoutdoingsth沒(méi)有做某事）2.Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.（toone’ssurprise使……驚訝；出乎……意料）讓我感到驚訝的是，他能獨(dú)自穿越這片森林。3.ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.（thanksto多虧；由于；intime及時(shí)）4.Hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.（sothat因此）5.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterhisexperience.（so...that...如此……以至于……）6.Aronisusedtotakingrisks.（beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事）(2021江蘇宿遷中考真題)公眾健康日（7月7日），旨在倡導(dǎo)“全民健康，快樂(lè)為本”的理念。隨著生活水平的提高，健康越來(lái)越受到重視。你們準(zhǔn)備組織一個(gè)關(guān)于“健康”主題的演講活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面內(nèi)容，準(zhǔn)備一篇題為Howtoliveahealthyandhappylife的演講稿。Howtoliveahealthyandhappylife健康包括身體（physical）健康和心理（mental）健康。身體健康1.健康飲食；2.適當(dāng)鍛煉；3.充足睡眠。心理健康1.積極樂(lè)觀；2.與人為善；3.……（至少一點(diǎn)）希望……（至少一點(diǎn)）注意事項(xiàng)：1.詞數(shù)90左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的地名、校名、人名等信息。HowtoliveahealthyandhappylifeHi,mydearclassmates,Withtheimprovementoflivingconditions,wearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontoourhealth,whichincludesbothphysicalandmentalhealth.Thenhowcanwestudentsliveahealthyandhappylife?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou!例文HowtoliveahealthyandhappylifeHi,mydearandclassmates,Withtheimprovementoflivingconditions,wearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontoourhealth