大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試改革樣題

#大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試改革——新題型樣題發(fā)表時(shí)間：2013-8-30文字〖大中小〗閱讀次數(shù)：2575 ［關(guān)閉窗口］組題人： 水利3班小鑫同學(xué)Writing(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet1.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。ListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。A)Themanhasleftagoodimpressiononherfamily.Theman'sjeansandT-shirtsarestylish.Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.A)Itsprice.C)Itslocation.Itscomfort.D)Itsfacilities.A)Itisaroutineoffer.C)Itisnewonthemenu.Itisquitehealthy.D)Itisagoodbargain.A)Readthenoticeonthewindow.C)Goandaskthestaff.BoardthebustoCleveland.D)Getanewbusschedule.A)Heisashamedofhispresentcondition.Heiscarelessabouthisappearance.Hechangesjobsfrequently.Heshaveseveryotherday.A)Thewomanhadbeenfinedmanytimesbefore.Thewomanknowshowtodealwiththepolice.Thewomanhadviolatedtrafficregulations.Thewomanisgoodatfindingexcuses.A)Shegothurtinanaccidentyesterday.Shehastogotoseeadoctor.Sheisblackandblueallover.Shestayedawayfromworkforafewdays.A)ShewillaskDavidtotalkless.Shewillmeetthemanhalfway.Sheissorrythemanwillnotcome.ShehastoinviteDavidtotheparty.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Beautifulsceneryinthecountryside.Asportheparticipatesin.Dangersofcross-countryskiing.Painandpleasureinsports.A)Hecan'tfindgoodexamplestoillustratehispoint.Hecan'tfindapeacefulplacetodotheassignment.Hecan’tdecidewhethertoincludetheeffortpartofskiing.Hedoesn’tknowhowtodescribethebeautifulcountryscenery.A)Newideascomeupasyouwrite.Muchtimeisspentoncollectingdata.Alotofeffortismadeinvain.Thewriter’spointofviewoftenchanges.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Havingherbicyclerepaired.C)Lecturingonbusinessmanagement.HostinganeveningTVprogram.D)Conductingamarketsurvey.A)Herepairedbicycles.C)Heworkedasasalesman.Hecoachedinaracingclub.D)Heservedasaconsultant.A)Hewantedtobehisownboss.Hedidn’twanttobeintoomuchdebt.Hedidn'twanttostartfromscratch.Hefounditmoreprofitable.A)Theyarealltheman’sfriends.C)Theyarepaidbythehour.Theyworkfivedaysaweek.D)Theyallenjoygambling.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theysharedmutualfriendsinschool.Theyhadmanyinterestsincommon.Theysharedmanyextracurricularactivities.Theyhadknowneachothersincechildhood.A)Atalocalclub.C)Attheboardingschool.AtJoe'shouse.D)Atthesportscenter.A)Durablefriendshipscanbeverydifficulttomaintain.Onehastoberespectfulofotherpeopleinordertowinrespect.SocialdivisionswillbreakdownifpeoplegettoknoweachotherItishardforpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundstobecomefriends.PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)TheartofJapanesebrushpainting.C)CharacteristicsofJapaneseartists.SomefeaturesofJapaneseculture.D)TheuniquenessofJapaneseart.A)Tocalmthemselvesdown.C)Toshowtheirimpatience.Toenhanceconcentration.D)Tosignallackofinterest.A)Howspeakerscanmisunderstandtheaudience.Howspeakerscanwinapprovalfromtheaudience.Howlistenersindifferentculturesshowrespect.HowdifferentWesternandEasternartformsare.PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theymistakethefirefightersformonsters.Theydonotrealizethedangertheyarein.Theycannothearthefirefightersforthenoise.Theycannotseethefirefightersbecauseofthesmoke.A)HeteachesSpanishinaSanFranciscocommunity.Heoftenteacheschildrenwhattododuringafire.HetravelsalloverAmericatohelpputoutfires.Heprovidesoxygenmaskstochildrenfreeofcharge.A)Heisverygoodatpublicspeaking.Herescuedastudentfromabigfire.Hegivesinformativetalkstoyoungchildren.Hesavedthelifeofhisbrotherchokingonfood.A)Kidsshouldlearnnottobeafraidofmonsters.Informativespeechescansavelives.Carelessnesscanresultintragedies.FirefightersplayanimportantroleinAmerica.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Almosteverychild,onthefirstdayhesetsfootinaschoolbuilding,issmarter,more26,lessafraidofwhathedoesntknow,betteratfindingand27,moreconfident,resourceful（機(jī)敏的），persistentand28thanhewilleverbeagaininhisschooling-or,unlessheisveryunusualandverylucky,fortherestofhislife.Already,bypayingcloseattentiontoand29theworldandpeoplearoundhim,andwithoutanyschool-typeformalinstruction,hehasdoneataskfarmoredifficult,complicatedand30thananythinghewillbeaskedtodoinschool,orthananyofhisteachershasdoneforyears.Hehassolvedthe31oflanguage.Hehasdiscoveredit-babiesdon’tevenknowthatlanguageexists-andhehasfoundouthowitworksandlearnedtouseit32.Hehasdoneitbyexploring,byexperimenting,bydevelopinghisownmodelofthegrammaroflanguage,by33andseeingwhetheritworks,bygraduallychangingitand34ituntilitdoeswork.Andwhilehehasbeendoingthis,hehasbeenlearningotherthingsaswell,includingmanyofthe“35”thattheschoolsthinkonlytheycanteachhim,andmanythataremorecomplicatedthantheonestheydotrytoteachhim.PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Oneinsix.Believeitornot,that'sthenumberofAmericanswhostrugglewithhunger.Tomaketomorrowalittlebetter,FeedingAmerica,thenation'slargest36hunger-relieforganization,haschosenSeptemberasHungerActionMonth.Aspartofits30Waysin30Daysprogram,it'sasking37acrossthecountrytohelpthemorethan200foodbanksand61,000agenciesinitsnetworkprovidelow-incomeindividualsandfamilieswiththefueltheyneedto38.It'sthekindofworkthat'sdoneeverydayatSt.Andrew'sEpiscopalChurchinSanAntonio.Peoplewho39atitsfrontdooronthefirstandthirdThursdaysofeachmontharen'tlookingforGod-they'rethereforsomethingtoeat.St.Andrew'srunsafoodpantry（食品室）that40thecityandseveralofthe41towns.JanetDraneisitsmanager.Inthewakeofthe42,thenumberoffamiliesinneedoffoodassistancebegantogrow.Itis43that49millionAmericansareunsureofwheretheywillfindtheirnextmeal.What’smostsurprisingisthat36%ofthemlivein44whereatleastoneadultisworking.“Itusedtobethatonejobwasallyouneeded,”saysSt.Andrew'sDrane.“Thepeopleweseenowhavethreeorfourpart-timejobsandthey’restillrightontheedge45.”注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。accumulateI)householdscirclingJ)recessioncommunitiesK)reportedcompetitionL)revieweddomesticM)servesfinanciallyN)surroundingformallyO)survivegatherSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.UniversitiesBranchOutAsneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthatmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtoobtainandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeoplehasmadeuniversitiesapowerfulforceforglobalintegration,mutualunderstandingandgeopoliticalstability.Inresponsetothesameforcesthathavedriventheworldeconomy,universitieshavebecomemoreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsfromaroundtheworldwhorepresenttheentirerangeofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers,offeringcoursesofstudythataddressthechallengesofaninterconnectedworldandcollaborative(合作的)researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitofallhumanity.Oftheforcesshapinghighereducationnoneismoresweepingthanthemovementacrossborders.Overthepastthreedecadesthenumberofstudentsleavinghomeeachyeartostudyabroadhasgrownatanannualrateof3.9percent,from800,000in1975to2.5millionin2004.Mosttravelfromonedevelopednationtoanother,buttheflowfromdevelopingtodevelopedcountriesisgrowingrapidly.Thereverseflow,fromdevelopedtodevelopingcountries,isontherise,too.Todayforeignstudentsearn30percentofthedoctoraldegreesawardedintheUnitedStatesand38percentofthoseintheUnitedKingdom.Andthenumbercrossingbordersforundergraduatestudyisgrowingaswell,to8percentoftheundergraduatesatAmerica'sbestinstitutionsand10percentofallundergraduatesintheU.K.IntheUnitedStates,20percentofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-born,andinChinamanynewlyhiredfacultymembersatthetopresearchuniversitiesreceivedtheirgraduateeducationabroad.Universitiesarealsoencouragingstudentstospendsomeoftheirundergraduateyearsinanothercountry.InEurope,morethan140,000studentsparticipateintheErasmusprogrameachyear,takingcoursesforcreditinoneof2,200participatinginstitutionsacrossthecontinent.AndintheUnitedStates,institutionsarehelpingplacestudentsinsummerinternships實(shí)習(xí))abroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers.YaleandHarvardhaveledtheway,offeringeveryundergraduateatleastoneinternationalstudyorinternshipopportunity—andprovidingthefinancialresourcestomakeitpossible.Globalizationisalsoreshapingthewayresearchisdone.Onenewtrendinvolvessourcingportionsofaresearchprogramtoanothercountry.YaleprofessorandHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorTianXudirectsaresearchcenterfocusedonthegeneticsofhumandiseaseatShanghai’sFudanUniversity,incollaborationwithfacultycolleaguesfrombothschools.TheShanghaicenterhas95employeesandgraduatestudentsworkingina4,300-square-meterlaboratoryfacility.Yalefaculty,postdoctorsandgraduatestudentsvisitregularlyandattendvideoconferenceseminarswithscientistsfrombothcampuses.Thearrangementbenefitsbothcountries;Xu'sYalelabismoreproductive,thankstothelowercostsofconductingresearchinChina,andChinesegraduatestudents,postdoctorsandfacultygeton-the-jobtrainingfromaworld-classscientistandhisU.S.team.Asaresultofitsstrengthinscience,theUnitedStateshasconsistentlyledtheworldinthecommercializationofmajornewtechnologies,fromthemainframecomputerandtheintegratedcircuitofthe1960stotheInternetinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andapplicationssoftwareofthe1990s.Thelinkbetweenuniversity-basedscienceandindustrialapplicationisoftenindirectbutsometimeshighlyvisible:SiliconValleywasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity,andRoute128outsideBostonhaslonghousedcompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.Aroundtheworld,governmentshaveencouragedcopyingofthismodel,perhapsmostsuccessfullyinCambridge,England,whereMicrosoftandscoresofotherleadingsoftwareandbiotechnologycompanieshavesetupshoparoundtheuniversity.Forallitssuccess,theUnitedStatesremainsdeeplyhesitantaboutsustainingtheresearch-universitymodel.Mostpoliticiansrecognizethelinkbetweeninvestmentinscienceandnationaleconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998and2003,buthasrisenmoreslowlythaninflationsincethen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandengineeringbarelykeptpacewithinflationduringthatsameperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostgroundiswelcome,butthenationwouldbebetterservedbysteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingattherateoflong-termGDPgrowth,whichisontheorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultyrecognizingthatadmittingmoreforeignstudentscangreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswellbelowthelevelsof40yearsago.InthewakeofSeptember11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoU.S.universities,andacorrespondingsurgeinenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfromAmericanuniversityandbusinessleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedecline,buttheUnitedStatesisstillseenbymanyasunwelcomingtointernationalstudents.MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation'swell-beingthroughtheirscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfailtograspthatwelcomingforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand—likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory—strengthenthenation;andsecond,foreignstudentswhostudyintheUnitedStatesbecomeambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherished(珍視）valueswhentheyreturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewhere,fewinstrumentsofforeignpolicyareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilityaswelcominginternationaluniversitystudents.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Americanuniversitiespreparetheirundergraduatesforglobalcareersbygivingthemchancesforinternationalstudyorinternship.Sincethemid-1970s,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreasedatanannualrateof3.9percent.TheenrollmentofinternationalstudentswillhaveapositiveimpactonAmericaratherthanthreatenitscompetitiveness.Thewayresearchiscarriedoutinuniversitieshaschangedasaresultofglobalization.OfthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringintheUnitedStates,twentypercentcomefromforeigncountries.ThenumberofforeignstudentsapplyingtoU.S.universitiesdecreasedsharplyafterSeptember11duetochangesinthevisaprocess.TheU.S.federalfundingforresearchhasbeenunsteadyforyears.Aroundtheworld,governmentsencouragethemodeloflinkinguniversity-basedscienceandindustrialapplication.54.Present-dayuniversitieshavebecomeapowerfulforceforglobalintegration.WhenforeignstudentsleaveAmerica,theywillbringAmericanvaluesbacktotheirhomecountries.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良）andheat-relatedhealthproblems.Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum'sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerable（易受傷害的）regions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention.”Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed（有瑕疵的）.”However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?Ratesofdeathfromillnesseshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.Itdeservesourclosestattention.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated.WhatisSorenAndreasen’sviewofthereport?Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards.Howemissionsofheat-trappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalscale.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.It'sanannualargument.Doweordowenotgoonholiday?Mypartnersaysnobecausetheboilercouldgo,ortherooffalloff,andwehavenosavingstosaveus.Isayyouonlyliveonceandweworkhardandwhat'sthepointifyoucan'tgoonholiday.Thejoyofarecessionmeansnoargumentnextyear-wejustwon'tgo.Sincemoneyisknowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees,weshouldbegrateful.Formanyfamiliestherecessionmeansmorethannotbookingaholiday.AYouGovpollof2,000peoplefound22%saidtheywerearguingmorewiththeirpartnersbecauseofconcernsaboutmoney.What’slesscleariswhetherdivorceandseparationratesriseinarecession-financialpressuresmeancouplesarguemorebutmakesplittinguplessaffordable.Arecentresearchshowsargumentsaboutmoneywereespeciallydamagingtocouples.Disputeswerecharacterisedbyintenseverbal(言語(yǔ)上的)aggression,tendedtoberepeatedandnotresolved,andmademen,morethanwomen,extremelyangry.KimStephenson,anoccupationalpsychologist,believesmoneyissuch