初中英語動詞不定式十大考點解析(整理)

初中英語動詞不定式十大考點解析動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨作句子的謂語。其構(gòu)成形式為"to+動詞原形"，to為動詞不定式的符號，本身無意義。動詞不定式作主語Tolearnfromyourfriendsisimportant.=Itisimportanttolearnfromyourfriends.Toleavewithoutsayinggoodbyeisimpolite.=Itisimpolitetoleavewithoutsayinggoodbye.Towalktoschooltakesmetenminutes.=Ittakesmetenminutestowalktoschool.動詞不定式作主語時，可以直接放在謂語動詞前面的主語位置，也可以用先行詞it作形式主語，而將真正的主語(不定式)置于后面。常見的句式有：(1)Itis+形容詞(ofsb)todosth.(2)Itis+名詞(forsb)todosth.(3)Ittakessbsometimetodosth.(4)Itis+形容詞(forsb)todosth.句式(1)中常用nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質(zhì);句式(4)中常用hard，difficult，easy，important等形容詞，與介詞for搭配，表示不定式表示的動作、行為的性質(zhì)。1.It'sourduty_________theroomeveryday.A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleans(甘肅省)2.It'shardforus_________Englishwell.A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning(江西省)3.建造這座立交橋?qū)⒒ㄙM工人們一年多的時間。Itwill_________theworkersoverayear__________________theflyover.(北京市海淀區(qū))4.It'sverynice_________youtogetmetwotickets_________theWorldCup.A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of，to(安徽省)二、動詞不定式作賓語在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等動詞后面，可以接不定式作賓語。如果其后接形容詞補足語時，則可以用it作形式賓語，而把作真正賓語的不定式放到后面。1.Hewants______somevegetables.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.buys(山西省)2.Don'tforget______yourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometoschool.A.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking(福建省)3.Hefounditverydifficult______.A.sleepingB.sleepsC.sleptD.tofallasleep(湖南省)三、動詞不定式作賓語補足語不定式可以用作賓語補足語。后面可以接不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：ask，teach，expect，tell，allow等。1.Robertoftenasksus______hisChinese,sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.A.helphimB.tohelphimwithC.tohelpwithD.helpshimwith(江蘇省)2.MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriends______Chinesefood.A.cookB.cooksC.tocookD.cooked(甘肅省)作句子的表語：不定式放在be動詞后面，用作表語如：Herdreamistobeapoliceman.Myjobistohelpthepatient.Yourtaskistocleantheclassroom.Mydreamistoownarobot.Thedoctor’ssuggestionistotakemoreexercise.Thebestwayistotalktoyourparents.HisplanistotraveltoBeijingthissummer.needtodosth.需要做某事needdoingsth.需要被做goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做原來在做的事trytodo努力、企圖做某事；trydoing實驗、試著做某事；regrettodo對要做的事遺憾；regretdoing對做過的事遺憾；can’thelp(to)do不能幫助做某事；can’thelpdoing禁不住做某事。1.Pleasestop______arestifyoufeeltired.A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.has(廣西壯族自治區(qū))2.——Whydidn'tyoubuysomebreadonyourwayhome?——Sorry,Iforgot______somemoneywithme.A.takeB.takingC.totakeD.took(湖北省)3.——Let'shavearest,shallwe?——Notnow,Ican'tstop______theletters.A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.andwrite(湖北省)4.Jimwasbadlyhurt,sohehadtostop______(walk).(用所給單詞的正確形式填空)(四川省)在see，hear，watch，feel等感官動詞后面可接不帶to的不定式，也可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語，用不定式表示動作的全過程(動作已結(jié)束)，用動詞的-ing形式表示動作正在進行(動作尚未結(jié)束)。5.WhenIwaswalkinginthestreetIsawaplane______overmyhead.A.fliesB.flyingC.flewD.tofly(福建省)6.Awomansawit______whenshewaswalkingpast.A.happenB.happensC.happeningD.tohappen九、動詞不定式的省略及其符號to的保留在口語中，動詞不定式中的動詞或短語動詞在上下文中重復出現(xiàn)時，第二個動詞不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。這種用法常見于"begladto"，"wouldlike(love)to"，"haveto"等結(jié)構(gòu)中。1.Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithus?Yes,______.Whattimearewegoingtomeet?A.IwouldB.IwouldlikeC.IliketoD.I'dliketo(浙江省)2.Wouldyouliketogoforapicnicwithus?______.Whattimearewegoingtomeet?A.No,Ican'tB.Yes,I'mgladC.Yes,I'dlovetoD.I'dlike(大連市)六、帶疑問詞的不定式短語動詞不定式前面可以帶疑問代詞what,which,who或疑問副詞how,when,where,why等。這種結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞的作用，在句子里用作賓語、主語、表語等，或者單獨使用。要注意的是，why后面的不定式不帶to。例如：Idon’tknowwhattotrynext.（作賓語）Wheretogoisnotdecidedyet.（作主語）注意：單獨使用時相當于一個特殊疑問句。Whattodonext?(=Whatwillwe/youdonext?)Whygothere?(=Whydowe/yougothere?)在與why連用時，只用于why或whynot開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶to。Whynothavearest?Howtodoitisaproblem.(=Howweshoulddoit.)Ireallydon’tknowwhattowriteabout.(=whatIshouldwriteabout)Thetroubleiswheretoputthemachine.(=whereweshouldputthemachine)IaskedhimhowtolearnEnglishwell.(=howIcouldlearnEnglishwell)Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.Myquestioniswhentostart.Pleaseshowushowtousethecomputer.Idon’tknowwhattobuyforyou.二，選擇Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.Thesentencewants____oncemore.explainedB.toexplainC.beingexplainedD.explaining3.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.being4.TheEmperororderedthewonderfulcloth_____forhimwithoutdelay.tohavewovenB.tobewovenC.tobeweavingD.toweave5.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard____.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn6.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff7.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?---Thekey____theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made8.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudy9.---Didyougetajob?---No,I___,butit’snouse.expectedB.triedtoC.managedtoD.planned10.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished11.---IusuallygotoShanghaibytrain.----Whynot___therebyboatforachange?totrytogoB.trygoingC.totrygoingD.trytogo12.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade13.Iwouldratherstarvetodeaththan___forfood.begB.beggingC.beggedD.tobeg14.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread三、選擇1.Robertissaid____abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying2.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.don’tmake3.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____inmynewjob.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects4.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see5.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows____.itwhattodowithB.whattodowithitC.whattodoitwithD.todowhatwithit6.Themotherdidn’tknow____toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.why7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learned D.learning8.Weagreed____herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet9.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto10.Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating11.Iwouldlove____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone12.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented13.LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking14.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep15.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake四．填空Peterwas________(make)outside.He_________(behear)unlockthedoorandgoout.Themanwasseen_______(shoot)thewomanonthestreet.Theoldladywasnoticed______(wipe)herfacewithahandkerchief.Iforgottoaskyou____gotothebank.Itisveryimportant______(turnoff)theelectricitybeforeyoucheckthemachine.Iknowhow_________(make)amouseoutofmyhandkerchief.Luckily,wedon’thavemuchmorework_________.Shewasverypleased______(have)theopportunitytotravelwhileshewasyoung.Shehasbeenverysuccessfulinherwork,andnowhergreatestwishis______(get)marriedandhaveachild.五、真題練習1.Mymotheroftenasksme________early.(2003年北京)A.getupB.gotupC.gettingupD.togetup2.Theteachertoldherstudents______inpublic.(2003年黑龍江)A.nottoshoutB.didn'tshoutC.notshoutD.tonotshout3___isdifficulttoworkontheGreatWall.(2002年甘肅省)A.ThisB.ItC.ThatD.Its4It'snice________you________mewithmymaths.(2002年深圳市)A.for;tohelpB.for;helpingC.of;tohelpD.of;helping5Theydecided________attheendofthismonth.(2002年濟南市)A.toleaveB.goingC.travelD.notstartout6Allofusfound________difficulttoworkoutthemathsproblem.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.it7Pleasestop________arestifyoufeeltired.(2002年南寧市)A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.has8,There'senoughbirdfood________foramonth.(2001年山西省)A.tolastB.lastC.lastsD.lasted9,Shehasnopaper________.(2001年重慶市)A.towriteB.towritewithC.writeonD.towriteon10Motheraskedme________somefruitaftersupper.(2003年新疆生產(chǎn)建設兵團)A.buyB.boughtC.buyingD.tobuy11.Lethim________arest.Ithinkhemustbetiredafterthelongwalk.(2003年濟南市)A.haveB.getsC.totakeD.has12Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thefathermadethechildren________intheroom.(2003年桂林市)A.tostayB.stayC.stayingD.stayed13.-IsawBettygotoGrandpaZhang'shomejustnow.-Yes,sheisoftenseen________theoldmanwithhishousework.(2003年呼和浩特市)A.helpB.tohelpC.helpsD.helped14YesterdaymorningIgotupearly________belatefortheexam.(2002年上海市)A.inordertoB.inordertonotC.soasnottoD.soasto15Let's________soasnot________lateforthemeeting.A.tohurry,toB.tohurry,tobeC.hurry,tobeD.hurry,be16There'snodifferencebetweenthetwowords.Ireallydon'tknow________.(2003年河南)A.whattochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhichD.tochoosewhat17ThestudentsofClassOnewillspendtheirwinterholidayinShenzhen,butthestudentsofClassTwohaven'tdecided________.(2003年廣東省)A.whattobuyB.howtogoC.wheretogoD.whichtochoose18________thecomputerisaproblem.A.HowtouseB.Whattous