新高考英語高頻詞匯講解與訓練講義（十）

第1頁共6頁新高考英語高頻詞匯講解與訓練（十）課堂任務(wù)一課前限時練都是老師精選的好題??！要做到每一個單詞都認識哦~語法填空Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivity___56___showsathleticabilityorstrength.Butsomesportscantaketheformofmentalcompetitions.Forinstance,chess___57___(recognize)asasportbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteein1999.Now,somepeoplewonder___58___eSportsshouldalsobeconsideredsports.ThewordeSportsisshortforelectronicsports.Itis___59___formofcompetitioninwhichprofessionalplayersorgamersplayvideogameseitherinteamsorindividually.___60___(typical),thewinnersreceiveprizemoneyattheendofthecompetition.ThefirsteSportseventwastheone___61___(hold)byStanfordUniversityinthe1970s,forthegameSpacewar!Overthenext30years,videogamesexplodedin___62___(popular).Moreandmorecountries,suchasSouthKorea,ChinaandtheUnitedStates,startedtodevelopeSportsintoanindustry.Inthe2000s,televisionbroadcastsofthecompetitions,

___63___(feature)gameslikeStreetFighterIII,StarCraft,andCounter-strike,becamepopular.Inthe2010s,thanks___64___onlinestreamingservices,eSportsgrewrapidlywithmoreworldwidetournaments,moreviewers,andlarger___65___(prize).In2020,theindustrymademorethanUS$1billionforthefirsttimeever.應(yīng)用文假定你是李華，你校上周舉辦了“迎亞運”為主題的海報設(shè)計大賽，請為校英文報撰寫一篇報道，內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽過程及結(jié)果;2.比賽影響。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。APosterDesignContestonWelcomingtheAsianGames_______________________________________________________________________________續(xù)寫WhenIwasaboutsixyearsold,myfamilyandIwenttoDisneylandoneweekendandhadawonderfuldayfullofexcitement.LittledidIknowthattherealexcitementwasn’ttobeginuntilthatnight.Whilewewatchedthefireworks,Ibegantogetanurgetogototherestroom,butIdidn’twanttomisstheshow.IoverheardmysisterIsabeltalkingtomymom,andIgotclosertothemtohearwhattheyweretalkingabout.“Mom,I’mgoingtothebathroomwithLizette,okay?”saidIsabel.“Okay,”mymomreplied,“butstaytogether.Idon’twantanyofyougettinglost.”ThesecondIsawmysistersleaving,Ididn’tthinktwicebeforerunningafterthem—withouttellingmyparents.AsIfollowedthemthroughthehugecrowdofpeople,Istartedtolosesightofthem.IbegantopanicasIscannedthecrowdforthem.Crazythoughtsranthroughmyheadlike“WhatifIneverseemyfamilyagain?”Igaveuptryingtofindmysistersandtriedtogetbacktomyfamily,butIwascompletelymixedup.Aftersearchingforwhatseemedlikeforever,Icouldn’tholdbackmytears,andIstartedcryinglikeIhadnevercriedbefore.“Mommy!”Icriedout.Buteveryonearoundmewastoocaughtupbythefireworkstopayanyattentiontome.ItriedtostopthescarythoughtsthatweregoingthroughmyheadandstartedrunningasfastasIcould...anywhere...everywhere.Iwasgoingcrazy.I’monlysix,andI’vegottenlost.“WhathaveIdone?HowcouldIhavebeensodumbtorunoffwithouttellinganyone?”Ithought.Withmyfacewetfromtears,Ikeptrunning,pullingatpeople’spantsandcrying,“Mommy!”Iwashoping,wishing,thatoneoftheseadultswouldbeoneofmyparents.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Luckily,Ifeltapatonmyshoulderandagentlevoicecame,“Areyoulost?”_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,throughthecrowdofpeople,Irecognizedaface._______________________________________________________________________________1.effectn．效果，作用；影響haveaneffecton對……有影響(havea/an＋adj.＋effecton...)havesome/little/noeffecton對……有些/一點/沒有影響ineffect實際上，事實上；有效takeeffect見效，開始起作用；(法律或規(guī)章)生效，開始實行comeintoeffect實行，實施，生效beofnoeffect無效causeandeffect因果注意：雖然表達“對……有影響”用haveaneffecton，但表示“有很大/小影響”用havemuch/littleeffecton，而不用many/few。Themedicinehadagoodeffectonme.那種藥對我有良好的功效。Theadvertisingcampaigndidn'thavemucheffectonsales.這些廣告攻勢對銷售額沒起到多大作用。Themedicinequicklytookeffect.這種藥很快就見效了。affect/effect/influence辨析(1)affect僅作動詞，可以用于以下三種情況：①對某人或某物產(chǎn)生不良的影響，通常以被影響的人或物作為賓語。作“影響”講時，是及物動詞，相當于短語haveaneffecton。Hotweatheraffectshishealth.炎熱的天氣影響著他的健康。②作“使改動，使變化”之意講時，屬中性詞，沒有好壞之分。Hewasn'taffectedbythenews.他聽了這消息后無動于衷。③感動。Hisspeechaffectedtheaudiencedeeply.他的演講深深地打動了觀眾。(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改進和變化，強調(diào)造成一種特殊的后果。作名詞時指affect的結(jié)果。Thismedicinehasnoeffectonhisheadache.這種藥對他的頭疼不起作用。(3)influence指通過勸說、行為或事例等對另一方的行為、性格、觀點產(chǎn)生潛移默化的或持久的影響，尤其在感情和態(tài)度上的影響。有動詞和名詞兩種詞性。Whatwereadinfluencesourthinking.我們閱讀的書籍會對我們的思想產(chǎn)生影響。完成句子(1)Weshouldlearntodistinguishbetween__________(因果)．(2)Thenewlaw________________________(生效)fromtomorrow.(3)________(實際上)，thetwosystemsarethesame.單項填空(4)Recentlytourismhasagreat________onthewildlifeinmyhometown，whichcausescomplaints.A．effort B．effectC．a(chǎn)ffect D．reflect2.disappointvt.使失望Thefilmdisappointedhim.影片使他失望。(1)有些及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞均可用作形容詞，現(xiàn)在分詞意為“令人……的”，一般用來指物；過去分詞意為“某人感到……的”，一般用來指人。但指人的“表情”“嗓音”等時用過去分詞。此類形容詞有：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(interesting令人感興趣的,interested對……感興趣))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(disappointing令人失望的,disappointed感到失望的))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(surprising令人吃驚的,surprised感到吃驚的))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(boring令人厭煩的,bored感到厭煩的))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(exciting令人興奮的,excited感到興奮的))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(relaxing令人輕松的,relaxed感到輕松的))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(moving動人的,moved受感動的))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(annoying令人氣惱的,annoyed感到惱怒的))Thedisappointingnewsmadeusdisappointed.這個令人失望的消息使我們很失望。Iwasmovedbythemovingscene.我被這令人感動的一幕打動了。(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(bedisappointedtodo...失望做……,bedisappointedthat...失望的是……,toone'sdisappointment＝tothedisappointmentofsb,使某人失望的是……))I'mdisappointedthatIfailedtheexam.我失望的是我考試沒及格。用disappoint的適當形式填空(1)Fromhisfather's________look，weknowthe________boymadehisfather________.(2)Thelongspeechgivenbythatoldprofessorseemed________andendless.（3）—Thefilmis，Ihavetosay，notabitinteresting.—Why?It's________thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.A．farmoreinteresting B．muchlessinterestingC．nomoreinteresting D．a(chǎn)nylessinteresting3.perform(1)vt.&vi.演出，表演Theplaywasfirstperformedin1987.這部劇于1987年首次上演。(2)vt.做，履行，執(zhí)行Thesurgeonhasperformedtheoperation.外科醫(yī)生已做完了手術(shù)。(3)vi.工作，運轉(zhuǎn)(好/不好)Theengineseemstobeperformingwell.發(fā)動機似乎運轉(zhuǎn)正常。performanexperiment/operation做實驗/施行手術(shù)performaplay上演一部劇本performarolein(＝playarolein...)在……中起作用performwell/badly(poorly)/satisfactorily表現(xiàn)得好/壞/令人滿意performancen．表演，演奏performern．表演者putonperformance表演(1)We'veneverseenaShakespeare'splay________sowonderfully.A．perform B．isperformingC．performing D．performed(2)—Tonighttheblindboywillperform________thepianoattheparty.—Great！Hesucceededatlast！He'sperformed________awonder.A．/；/B．on；onC．on；/D．/；on4.impressvt.使(人)印象深刻；印上，壓出印記impresssthonsb＝impresssbwithsth使某人牢記/銘記某事impresssthonsth把……印在……上beimpressedby/at/with...被……感動；對……印象深刻beimpressedonone'smind/memory被印在腦海里，留下深刻的印象impressionn．印象impressiveadj.使人印象深刻的，令人感動的leave/makeeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(a/an...impressiononsb給某人留下……,的印象,noimpressiononsb/sth對……無影響/效果))Thebookdidn'timpressmeatall.這本書沒有給我留下一點印象。Heimpressedmewiththeimportanceofthework.他讓我明白了工作的重要性。Theteacherswereimpressedbyyourperformanceintheexam.所有的老師被你們的考試成績所感動。(1)He________adesignoncloth.Whatabeautifuldesign!A．pressed B．impressedC．put D．placed(2)ThespeechbythemayorofShanghaibeforethefinalvotingforEXPO2010wasstronglyimpressed________mymemory.A．toB．overC．byD．on(3)Whenyoustayinastranger'shome，youshoulddoeverythingproperlysothatyoucanmakeagood________onthehost.A．expressionB．impressionC．suggestionD．binevt.(使)聯(lián)合，(使)結(jié)合combinesthwith/andsth把……與……聯(lián)合combinewith與……混合，與……化合combinebusinesswithpleasure勞逸結(jié)合Weshouldcombinebusinesswithpleasure.我們應(yīng)該勞逸結(jié)合。完成句子你應(yīng)該努力把鍛煉與健康飲食結(jié)合起來。Youshouldtryto________exercise________healthydiets.6.representvt.代表；象征；描繪Whatdoesthismarkrepresent？這個符號代表什么？representativen．代表者，代理人，眾議員representsb/sthassb/sth把……描述成……representsbas/tobe...宣稱某人為……representsthtosb向某人說明某事，向某人傳達某事bewell/badlyrepresented很好/很差地展示berepresentativeof...是……的代表Herepresentedhimselfas(tobe)afriendofmine.他自稱是我的一個朋友。Areyouropinionsrepresentativeofthoseoftheotherstudents?你們的意見代表其他的學生嗎？(1)ZhangYiningandherfellowteammates，________China'sWomenPing-pongTeam，tookparkinthe2008OlympicsGames.A.representB．representedC．representingD．beingrepresented(2)Hisonlyaimis________ourcountryattheOlympicsin2016.A．represented B．toberepresentedC．representing D．torepresent7.treasuren．財寶，財富treasure作“財寶”講一般是不可數(shù)名詞；作“珍貴的東西”講一般是可數(shù)名詞。也可用作及物動詞，意為“珍惜”。Thereismuchtreasureinthistomb.這個墓里有許多財寶。Weshouldtreasureourfriendship.我們應(yīng)該珍惜我們的友誼。完成句子(1)Weshould________(愛惜)manpowerandmaterialresources.漢譯英(2)我珍惜你的友誼。______________________________________________________(3)He________thewatchhismothergavehim.A．longsB．treasuresC．a(chǎn)dmires D．a(chǎn)ppreciates(4)Ishall________thisgiftbecauseitwasgivenbytheteacherIloved.A．enjoyB．treasureC．a(chǎn)dmireD．a(chǎn)ppreciate8.quitv．停止，辭職Hequithisjoblastmonth.他上個月辭職了。Quitlaughing！別笑了！quit—quit/quitted—quit/quitted—quittingquit后跟動詞的-ing形式。quit/stop辨析兩者都可以表示“停止”。其區(qū)別在于：stop：指動作、運行、進展等被停下來，含突然、斷然的意味。quit：指最終徹底停止某事，有時暗示遭到失敗或面臨挫折。用stop與quit填空(1)Thepolicewerecalledto________afightoutsidethetheatre.(2)Inordertokeepyouhealthy，you'dbetter________drinkingandsmoking.(3)They________workat5pmandthenwenthome.A．quitB．didC．startedD．began9.appearance外貌，外觀Don'tjudgepeoplebytheirappearances.不要以貌取人。appearancen．出現(xiàn)，顯露，露面；外觀/外貌/外表appearvi.出現(xiàn)makeappearance登臺，出現(xiàn)makeagood/poorappearance顯得一表人材/顯得很不雅觀atfirstappearance乍看起來inappearance外貌上，看起來keepupappearances裝點門面；裝闊氣，維持體面She'smadeanumberofappearancesontelevision.她已在電視上幾次露面。Hissuddenappearancesurprisedher.他的突然出現(xiàn)使她很驚訝。(1)Thereisnopointinkeepingup________wheneveryoneknowswe'renearlybankrupt(破產(chǎn))．A．engagementsB．gatheringsC．meetingsD．a(chǎn)ppearances(2)Theenvironmentalistssaidwildgoats'________onthevastgrasslandswasagoodindicationofthebetterenvironment.A．escape B．a(chǎn)bsenceC．a(chǎn)ttendanceD．a(chǎn)ppearance10.transformvt.轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換Successandwealthtransformedhischaracter.成功和財富改變了他的性格。transformsb/sthinto...把某人/物改變成……transformsb/sthfrom...從……中轉(zhuǎn)變而來Transformwindintoenergy.把風轉(zhuǎn)化成能量。Thecompanyhasbeentransformedfromafamilybusinesstoamulti-million-poundoperation.這家公司已由一個家庭企業(yè)變成擁有數(shù)百萬英鎊的運作機構(gòu)。(1)Watercantransformadesert________agarden.A．intoB．fromC．inD．with(2)Inonly20years，thecountryhas________intoanadvancedindustrialpower.A．translatedB．degradedC．declined D．transformed答案：1.(1)causeandeffect(2)comesintoeffect/takeseffect(3)Ineffect(4)B2.(1)disappointed；disappointing；disappointed(2)disappointing（3）解析句意：——我不得不說這部電影一點也沒有趣?！獮槭裁?？它比我所看過的電影都有趣得多。從句意可知，第二個人認為那部電影非常有趣，應(yīng)該用表示肯定的比較級。答案A3.(1)D(2)C4.(1)B(2)D(3)B5.combine；with6.(1)C(2)D7.(1)treasure(2)Itreasureyourfriendship.(3)B(4)B8.(1)stop(2)quit(3)A9.(1)D(2)D10.(1)A(2)D限時答案56．which##that57．wasrecognized58．if##whether59．a(chǎn)60．Typically61．held62．popularity63．featuring64．to65．prizes【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了新興的電子競技比賽。56．考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：傳統(tǒng)的定義通常包括某種顯示運動能力或力量的體育活動。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知“__1__showsathleticabilityorstrength”為限制性定語從句。設(shè)空處指代先行詞somephysicalactivity，在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that。故填which/that。57．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：例如，國際象棋在1999年被國際奧委會認可為一項運動。句子分析可知設(shè)空處在句中作謂語動詞，由時間狀語“in1999”可知此句為一般過去時，主語“chess”與recognize之間為被動關(guān)系，所以此句用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，chess作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故填wasrecognized。58．考查名詞性從句連接詞。句意：現(xiàn)在一些人想知道電子競技是否也應(yīng)該被視為體育運動。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知設(shè)空處引導名詞性從句作動詞wonder的賓語，設(shè)空處在從句中不充當語法成分，表示“是否”，所以用whether或if。故填whether/if。59．考查冠詞。句意：這是一種比賽形式，職業(yè)玩家或游戲玩家以團隊或個人的形式玩視頻游戲。在句中form指的“類型、形式”是可數(shù)名詞，在句中表泛指，空后的form發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞a，短語aformof意為“一種……的形式”。故填a。60．考查副詞。句意：通常，獲勝者在比賽結(jié)束時獲得獎金。句子分析可知，設(shè)空處作狀語，修飾后文整個句子，副詞typically意為“通常，一般”符合句意，設(shè)空處置于句首，首字母大寫，故填Typically。61．考查非謂語動詞。句意：第一次電子競技賽事是在20世紀70年代由斯坦福大學舉辦的，當時的游戲是Spacewar！句子分析可知設(shè)空處作后置定語修飾theone，theone與hold之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞，故填held。62．考查名詞。句意：在接下來的30年里，電子游戲大受歡迎。設(shè)空處在句中作介詞in的賓語，所給詞popular的名詞popularity意為“受歡迎，流行”符合題意，故填popularity。63．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在2000年代，以StreetFighterIII,StarCraft,andCounter-strike等游戲為特色的比賽電視轉(zhuǎn)播開始流行。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，設(shè)空處為非謂語動詞，thecompetitions與feature之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填featuring。64．考查介詞。句意：在2010年代，由于在線流媒體服務(wù)，電子競技發(fā)展迅速，擁有更多的全球錦標賽、更多的觀眾和更大的獎金。固定短語thanksto意為“因為，由于”符合句意，故填to。65．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在2010年代，由于在線流媒體服務(wù)，電子競技發(fā)展迅速，擁有更多的全球錦標賽、更多的觀眾和更大的獎金。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，設(shè)空處在句中作賓語，名詞prize意為“獎，獎金”符合句意，此處為復(fù)數(shù)概念，故填prizes。66．Onepossibleversion:APosterDesignContestonWelcomingtheAsianGamesLastweekwitnessedaposterdesigncontestthemedWelcometheAsianGamesinourschool.Morethan50studentsactivelyparticipatedandsubmittedtheirwell-designedentries,includinghanddrawingsandcomputergraphics.Afteracarefulselectionprocess,20outstandingworkswereawardedfortheirinnovativeformatsandfantasticideas,whicharenowondisplayontheschoolwebsite.Thecontestturnsouttobeabighit.NotonlydoesitprovideaplatformforstudentstoshowcasetheirtalentbutalsoitfurtherstimulatestheireagernesstogetinvolvedintheAsianGames.【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生為校英文報撰寫一篇報道，介紹上周學校舉辦的“迎亞運”為主題的海報設(shè)計大賽?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累參加：participate→takepart展出：ondisplay→onshow比賽：contest→competition優(yōu)秀的：outstanding→excellent2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Morethan50studentsactivelyparticipatedandsubmittedtheirwell-designedentries,includinghanddrawingsandcomputergraphics.拓展句：Morethan50studentsactivelyparticipatedandsubmittedtheirwell-designedentries,whichincludedhanddrawingsandcomputergraphics.【點睛】【高分句型1】Afteracarefulselectionprocess,20outstandingworkswereawardedfortheirinnovativeformatsandfantasticideas,whicharenowondisplayontheschoolwebsite.（運用了which引導的非限制性定語從句）【高分句型2】NotonlydoesitprovideaplatformforstudentstoshowcasetheirtalentbutalsoitfurtherstimulatestheireagernesstogetinvolvedintheAsianGames.（運用了倒裝句）67．Luckily,Ifeltapatonmyshoulderandagentlevoicecame,“Areyoulost”?“Yeeesss!”Icried.ItwasaladyworkingatDisney.Shepickedmeupandcarriedmethroughthecrowdasshekeptaskingmewheremyparentshadbeenstanding.AsIbegantofeelsafeinthelady’sarms,Icalmeddownandthoughtforafewminutes.Irememberedwehadbeenleaningagainstawoode