Unit+3+Grammar+and+usage 高中英語牛津譯林版(2020)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

GrammarandusageVocabulary1.shadeIwonderedattheskilloftheartists,theiruseofcolorsandhowtheybplayedwithlightandshade.我驚嘆于藝術(shù)家的技巧，他們對(duì)色彩的使用，以及他們?nèi)绾吻擅罾霉庥?。?）陰影部分；暗部usestrongcontrastsoflightandshade利用明暗的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比（2）背陰處，背陰→shadya.在背陰處的sitintheshade坐在陰涼處intheshade在陰涼處Vocabulary（3）色度，色調(diào)adeepshadeofgreen深綠色twelveshadesofgreen12種色度不同的綠色(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.他穿過了奶白色的瀑布和多種色度的藍(lán)色的山脈。（4）使....黯然失色；相形見絀putsbintheshade使我相形見絀Don'tcutdownthetreethatgivesyoushade.不可忘恩負(fù)義?！就卣埂縮hadow“陰影;影子”,指因擋住光線而形成的陰影。shade“蔭;背陰處”,指任何遮住陽光的地方。

Vocabularybein/undertheshadowofsth.處在……的陰影中cast/throwashadowon/over給……投下陰影/影子beyond/withoutashadowofadoubt無疑;毫無疑問【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】語境串詞Isawhimsittinginthe________ofatreewhichcasea________acrosstheroad.(shadow/shade)shadowshadeVocabulary2.bathe(1)以（光線）灑滿bebathedinsunshine沐浴在光線中bathethevillageinbrilliantlight使村莊沐浴在燦爛的陽光里bebathedinthesunlight沐浴在陽光里（2）用水清洗bathehisinfectedfingerinthewater把感染的手指放在手中bathethewound/cutwith…用…清洗傷口Vocabulary（3）洗澡bathethenewborndaughter給剛出生的女兒洗澡Hebathedthechildrenandputthemtobed.他給孩子們洗了澡，然后安頓他們上床睡覺?！鷅athn.洗澡；浴室;(Br.E)浴缸;澡盆(Am.E)bathtubhave/takeabath洗澡6.campaign(1)n.(宣傳)活動(dòng)，(政治/商業(yè)/社會(huì))運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役；start/begin/launch/wage/organize/runacampaignfor/against…發(fā)起/開展支持或反對(duì)…的運(yùn)動(dòng)Vocabulary(2)v.發(fā)起運(yùn)動(dòng)，參加運(yùn)動(dòng)campaigntodosth.campaignfor/against…發(fā)起運(yùn)動(dòng)支持或反對(duì)…的→campaignern.運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的活動(dòng)家Shelaunchedapublicitycampaigntopromotehernewbook.她發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)宣傳活動(dòng)來宣傳她的新書。Theyarecampaigningtosavetheareafrombuildingdevelopment.他們正開展一場(chǎng)反對(duì)在這個(gè)地區(qū)進(jìn)行房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。Vocabulary【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】(1)語法填空①Thepeoplearelaunching___anti-smokingcampaign.②Wehavecampaigned___betterruraltransport.③Thisgroupiscampaigning_______thedestructionoftherainforests.(2)Thegovernmenthavejust_______________________________tostopdrunkendriving.

為了制止酒駕,政府已經(jīng)發(fā)起了他們的圣誕活動(dòng)。anforagainstlaunchedtheirChristmascampaign動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語動(dòng)詞-ing形式做表語可以用來表示主語的特性、狀態(tài)、情感等，具有形容詞的特征。Yourachievementsareveryinspiring.你的成就很鼓舞人心。Hisworkisveryinteresting.他的工作很有趣。注意：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語，常見的有exciting，interesting，disappointing，discouraging，encouraging，puzzling，missing，surprising，confusing，amusing，charming，astonishing，shocking，inviting等。這些動(dòng)詞-ing形式幾乎已經(jīng)變成了形容詞，可以用very修飾。易混用法區(qū)別例句動(dòng)名詞作表語解釋說明主語的內(nèi)容，主語和表語可以互換Myhobbyisplayingchess.我的業(yè)余愛好是下棋。動(dòng)詞-ing作表語說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)等，主語和表語不可以互換Theargumentisveryconvincing.這一論據(jù)很有說服力。動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語（1）動(dòng)詞-ed形式做表語，多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或所具備的特征，多位于系動(dòng)詞之后。這些系動(dòng)詞有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。（2）有些動(dòng)詞-ed形式做表語時(shí)，已經(jīng)具有了形容詞的性質(zhì)，最常見的有：amazed，delighted，disappointed，discouraged，amused，astonished，lost，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset等。Latertheyfoundthattheywerelost.后來他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們迷路了。Wewereamazedatthebeautyofthelake.這個(gè)湖泊的美使我們感到驚奇。Shewasdisappointedatthenews.她對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到失望。（3）動(dòng)詞-ed形式做表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)相似，區(qū)別在于動(dòng)詞-ed形式做表語表示的是一種狀態(tài)或特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示的是一個(gè)動(dòng)作，被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng)，后面常跟by短語。比較下面兩個(gè)句子：Thisshopisnowclosed.這家商店現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。（狀態(tài)）Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday.這家商店每天下午6點(diǎn)關(guān)門。（動(dòng)作）動(dòng)詞-ed形式與動(dòng)詞-ing形式做表語英語中有很多與感覺有關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞，其動(dòng)詞－ing形式表示主動(dòng)意義，即“令人……的”，多用來修飾物；其動(dòng)詞-ed形式含有被動(dòng)意義，即“人感到……的”，多用來指人、人的聲音或表情等。常見的這類詞有：exciting令人激動(dòng)的excited激動(dòng)的，興奮的

surprising令人驚訝的surprised感到驚訝的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的frightening使驚恐的frightened受驚的interesting令人感興趣的interested感興趣的pleasing令人高興的pleased滿意的moving令人感動(dòng)的moved受感動(dòng)的shocking令人震驚的shocked感到震驚的worrying令人擔(dān)心的worried感到擔(dān)心的tiring令人勞累的tired感到勞累的satisfying令人滿意的satisfied滿意的puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled感到迷惑的練習(xí)1.Thestorywasso__________thathewas________totears.(move)2.Whathehasdoneisreally______________.Nowhisparentsare___________inhim.(disappoint)3.Everyonewas__________byhis__________progresswhichhemadeduringthetwomonths.(surprise)4.Theteachermustbe___________withourperformanceintheexperiment,whichcanbeseenfromthe__________expressiononhisface.(satisfy)movingmoveddisappointingdisappointedsurprisedsurprising

satisfiedsatisfied5.Havingnevermetwithsucha__________problem,hefelt__________anddidn'tknowhowtosolveit.(puzzle)6.Asisknowntousall,travelingis____________(interest),butweoftenfeel_________(tire)whenwearebackfromtravels.7.NancywasawayinParisforoveramonth.Whenshegothome,shewas__________(shock)toseeapileofmailwaitingforher.8.Parentswere__________(please)withtheperformance