2022-2023學(xué)年江西省撫州市資溪重點中學(xué)高二（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年江西省撫州市資溪重點中學(xué)高二（下）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AHOWTOGETAPAYRAISE

AdvicefromorganizationalpsychologistLianeDavey，authorofYouFirst：InspireYourTeamtoGrowUp，GetAlong，andGetStuffDone.

CHOOSEYOURMOMENT

"Tiethetimingofyourrequestforaraisetopositiveresults.Ifyouhaveanotablesuccessinthemiddleoftheyear，startthediscussionsoonafterwards.Evenifthepaycyclemeanstheraisecannothappenforsometimeyouwillhaveseededtheconversationatamomentwhenyourmanagerisfeelingpositivelyinclinedtowardsyou."

KNOWYOURWORTH

"Beforemakingyourrequest，writedownalistofyouraccomplishments，andaskatrustedconfidantwhatyoubringtotheteam—particularlywhatisuniqueaboutyourcontribution—toensureyougetacomprehensivelist.Bepreparedtotalkabouttheimpactyouhave，ratherthaneffortalone，asthisiswhatmakesyourcaseforaraisecompelling."

PLAYITCOOL

"Indifficultconversations，yourtoneandbodylanguageareespeciallyimportant.Goincalmlyandprojectingthatyoubelieveyouareaddingvalue.Don'tunder-doitbydroppingeyecontactormakingyourselfsmaller.Butdon'tover-doitbyraisingyourchintoohighormakingstatementsyoudon'tintendtofollowthrough—thatwilldestroyyourcredibility."

ASKFORCLARITY

"Ifyouareunsuccessful，firstfindoutwhyyourrequestwasdenied.Donotletyourmanagergetawaywithasuperficialanswersuchas"wedon'thavethebudget"–thereisalwaysbudget，soaskwhatelsetookpriority.Next，askwhatspecificactionsyoucantakethatwillmakeyoumorelikelytobegivenapayraiseinthefuture."

BEFLEXIBLE

"Rememberthatpayisonlyonewayyourcompanycandemonstrateyourvalue.Somecompanieshavelittleroomforpayraises，butmoreroomtonegotiateonannualleave，flexiblehoursorworkingfromhome.Ifyoureffortstogetariseareunsuccessful，donotgiveupwithoutfirstsearchingforalternativesourcesofvalue."1.Whichofthefollowingactionsmayhurtyourcredibility？______A.Proposingyourpayraiserequestatawrongtime.

B.Makingalistofyoureffortsratherthanimpacts.

C.Makingstatementsthatyouwon'tfollowthrough.

D.Askingwhatspecificactionswillensureapayraise.2.Accordingtothepassage，allofthefollowingarealternativesourcesofvalueexcept______.A.moreannualleave B.freemedicalcheckups

C.flexibleworkinghours D.thepossibilityofhome-officing3.______willhelpyouclearlyunderstandthecompany'sprioritythatwillsecureapayraise.A.Knowingyourworth B.Playingitcool

C.Askingforclarity D.BeingflexibleBNexttimeyoufindyourselftendingtoyourflowergarden，youmaywanttostayquiet.Theflowersarelistening.

Israeliscientistsdiscoveredthattheplantshearbeesapproachingandattempttoluretheminwithsweeternectar（花蜜）.Inseveralexperiments，theyfoundthatplayingaudiorecordingsofbuzzingbeesaroundcertainflowerswillcausethesugarconcentrationinthenectartorisebyabout20%inlessthanfiveminutes.Sucharapidreactionbyplantstosoundhadneverpreviouslybeenreported.Justtocompare，theresearchersalsotriedahigherfrequencynoise-likethatmadebyamosquitoorabat-andtheflowersdidnotrespond.

Theauthorspointoutthatthebehaviorisactuallyinlinewiththenaturalorderofthings，consideringthataplant'sabilitytosenseitsenvironmentandrespondtoitiscriticalforitssurvival.So，itwouldseemthatplantshavesomesortofconsciousness.

Thisisnotthefirsttimethatplantshavereactedtothesoundaroundthem.Ina2009study，theresearchersfoundthatwomen'svoiceshelpmakeplantsgrowfaster.Inthatexperiment，tomatoplantswerefoundtogrowuptotwoinchestallerwhentheyweretendedtobyafemalegardener.

Whatifwetoldyouthatapotatochipbagleftonthefloorofabreakroomcouldlisteninonofficegossip？Aspeopleweretalkingaroundthepotatochipbag，theyweresendingtinysoundvibrations（振動）intotheair.Thosevibrationsthenhitlifelessobjectsaroundtheroom.Nowimagineifyouhadacamerathatwaszoomedinononeofthoseobjectsextremelyclosely.Intheory，youcouldactuallyseetheobjectmovealongwiththevibrations.Youcouldthenfeedthatvideointoacomputerprogramthatcouldtranslatethevibrationsandyoucanplaybacktheaudiooftheconversationthatjusttookplace.

Sothenexttimeyou'reatthebotanicalgardenorinagroceryaisle，carefulwhatyousay.Someone-orsomething-mightbelistening.4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"lure"inParagraph2？______A.Shut B.Attract C.Trap D.Lead5.Whatisvitalforplantstosurvive？______A.Thesoildependingontogrowin.

B.Theaudiorecordingsplayedtothem.

C.Theidentificationtothesoundfrequency.

D.Thepowertosenseandreacttotheenvironment.6.Whatcanspeedupthegrowthofplants？______A.Thewomen'svoice. B.Thestrengthofthevibration.

C.Thespeciesoftheyoungplant. D.Thenumberofthemusicplayed.7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？______A.Plantsmayhavetheabilitytolisten.

B.Soundvibrationscanbeprocessedintoanaudio.

C.Buzzingbeescanincreasetheproductionofnectar.

D.Thefrequencyofvibrationdeterminesplants'growth.C"Youfeellikeyou'reinadifferentworld，"saysMikeRappé，amicrobiologistwhohasbeendowninAlvinthreetimesduringthelast10years.HeexplainsthatthosetinyglowingpointsvisiblefromAlvin'swindowsareactuallybioluminescent（生物發(fā)光的）creatures-andthedeepoceanisfullofthem.

AlvintakeshimaroundamileandahalfdowntotheeasternsideoftheJuandeFucaRidge，anunderwatermountainrange.It'sagoodplacetosamplewaterundertheseafloorbecauseofspecialwellsdughere.Alvin'sroboticarmsoperatepumpsthatpullwaterfromhundredsofmetersdeepinthewells.

Wateratthebottomoftheoceanisclosetofreezing，butthewaterthatcomesoutofthewellsishotenoughtocookanegg.It'salsomissingingredientsthatcreaturesonourplanetnormallyneedtosurvive：ithasnooxygen，almostnoorganiccarbon，andthere'snoaccesstosunlighttouseasanenergysource.Yet，somehow，thisundergroundplaceisswimmingwithlife.ScientistshavenamedittheDarkEnergyBiosphere.

"Therearemanymicrobial（微生物的）livesdownthere，"Rappésays.Electronmicroscopepicturesfromhispartner，OliviaNigro，showmicrobesfromtheDarkEnergyBiospherehavestrangeshapes.Onelookslikeasoupcanwithlongarmsstickingoutofeitherend.AnalyzingtheirDNAbackinhislabattheHawaiiInstituteofMarineBiology，Rappécantellthatthesecreaturesarecompletelydifferentfromwhatlivesoutsidethecrust（地殼）.Abouthalfofthemicrobeshe'sfounddowntherearebacteria，buttheotherhalfarefromanancientsuperfamilycalledArchaea，whichareknownforlivinginextremeenvironmentswherenothingelsecansurvive-placesliketherainbow-coloredpoolsofYellowstoneNationalPark.

It'salsoclearthatcreaturesfromtheDarkEnergyBiosphereareextremelyold.Somescientiststhinktheysurvivelongenoughtoreproduceonlyonceevery10，000years.And，becausethere'snothingelsetoeatdownthere，theymustbegettingenergyfromthesurroundingrocks.Theymayconsumehydrogengasandcarbon.Theycouldevenbeeatingelectricitydirectlyoffoftherocksthemselves-whichisamazing!8.What'sAlvinprobably？______A.Awelldigger. B.Aspecialwell.

C.Abigfishingship. D.Anunderwatership.9.What'suniqueaboutwaterundertheseafloor？______A.It'soxygen-free. B.It'sfreezingcold.

C.It'ssaltierthanseawater. D.It'srichinfreshingredients.10.WhathasMikeRappéfoundoutaboutmicrobialliveswithinEarth'scrust？______A.Mostofthemarebacteria.

B.Theytakeonunusualforms.

C.Theyarelikethoseoutsidethecrust.

D.Mostofthempreferextremeenvironments.11.WhatcanwelearnaboutcreaturesfromtheDarkEnergyBiosphere？______A.Theyarehighlyproductive.

B.Theycanliveupto10，000years.

C.Theydependonrockstosurvive.

D.Theycanturnwasteintoelectricity.DMostbirds，inparticular，exhibitsomedegreeofpatternsandcolours.Australia'szebrafinch（斑胸草雀），forexample，wassonamedbecauseofthezebra-likeblackandwhitebarsonitstail.Butitalsohasmanyothercoloursandpatterns，fromabrightorangebilltofinewhitespottingalongitsreddish-brownsides.

ThezebrafinchisAustralia'swidelydistributedgrass-finchspecies，occurringthroughoutmostofmainlandAustralia.It'sacommonandfamiliarbirdinthedrierpartsofthecountry.

Whenweseesuchahighlypatternedbirdwepresumeallindividualsofthatspecieshavetheirspotsandbarsinthesameplaces.Butlookcloserandwe'llseethatthequantityanddesignofthesepatternsvariesbetweenindividuals.Andeverynowandthenabirdexhibitsamoreobviousfeathervariation.Occasionally，weseeonethathaslargerthanusualpaleareasoffeathersor，morerarely，haslostitsnormalpatterningaltogether.

Colourationandpatterninginallanimalsiscausedbyarangeofpigments（色素）.Melanin（黑色素）isresponsibleforblacksandbrowns，andalackofthispigmentcancauseapartialortotallossofanindividual'sdarkpatterning.Thetwomaintermsthatdescribetheseabnormalitiesarealbinism（白化?。゛ndleucism（白色亞種）.Bothconditionsaregeneticandbothcanleadtoaverysimilarphysicalappearance.Leucism，however，causesalackofthepigmentcellsthatproducemelanin.Butalbinismcausestheproductionofmelaninpigmenttobereducedorabsent.

Canwedistinguishbetweenthetwoconditionswithoutthehelpofacellularbiologist？Yes.Albinoanimalshavefullyunpigmentedredeyes.Leucisticanimals，ontheotherhand，nevercompletelylosepigmentfromtheeye，althoughtheycanhaveblueeyesduetoapartiallossofpigment.

Whydon'tweseemorealbinoorleucisticbirds？Becausethelackofmelaninreducesthestrengthandlastingnessoftheaffectedbirds'feathers，makingthemmoreeasilybroken.

Additionally，thebirds'visionandhearingisnegativelyaffected，makingthemlessabletohunt.Thebrighterfeathersandlackofpatterningalsomakethemeasierforattackerstosee.12.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAustralia'szebrafinch______？A.ItisoneoftherarestbirdsinAustralia.

B.Itismostlycoveredwithbrightorangefeathers.

C.Itacquiresitsnamefromitstailcoloursandpatterns.

D.Ithasthesamespotsandbarsinthesameplaces.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"presume"meaninparagraphthree______？A.Recall. B.Suppose. C.Deny. D.Recommend.14.Howisparagraphfourdeveloped______？A.Bysettingassumptions. B.Bypresentingopinions.

C.Bygivingexplanations. D.Bydrawingconclusions.15.Whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribesalbinoorleucisticbirds______？A.Theyhavequitegoodhearing.

B.Theyhavecompletelyredeyes.

C.Theyhaveeasilybrokenfeathers.

D.Theyhaveexcellenthuntingskills.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Youmighthavenoticedhoweveryoneisobsessedwiththeirscreenduringfamilygatheringsorbondingwithfriends.Disconnectingfromdevicesmightbechallenging,buttherearewaystospendtimewithyourfriendswithoutusingthem.Withtherightactivitiesyoucanconnectmorewiththemandhavefun.

Ifyouwanttospendqualitytimewitheachother,youandyourfriendsneedtosacrificeyourscreentime.(16)Itcouldalsobeoneofthehouseruleswhenyouaretogether.However,everyoneinthegroupmustbewillingtocooperateorelsethepurposemightbedefeated.

Byturningoffyourdevicesitwouldfocustheatmospheremoreonyourbonding.Everyonecouldfeelmorewelcomedandinvited.(17)

Sowhatarethealternativesotherthanstaringatthescreen???????????？Beforethetrendofhigh-techdevices,aboardgamehadalwaysbeenthesourceofentertainmentwhenagroupoffriendswantedtohavesomefun,(18)Thoughtheyhavedigitalversions,youmightnotwanttomisstheopportunitytoactuallyinteract??????????????（互動）withyourfriendsfacetoface.

Anotherhelpfulwaytostartaconversationwithyourfriendsisthroughplayingquestiongames.(19)Butdon'tworry.Therearemanydifferentversionsofquestiongamesyoucansearchonline,suchasNeverHaveIEverquestions.

?(20)Whileitisimportanttoenjoyyourget-together,goingintoapurposefulconversationisalsonecessary.Youdon'tknowwhatyourfriendsaregoingthrough,andmakingroomforaheart-to-hearttalkmightbewhattheyneed.

A.Itisbetterforyoualltoagreeonthismatter.

B.Sowhynotbringtheseclassicactivitiesback???????？

C.Youandyourfriendscouldattendmoretoeachother.

D.Beinginteractiveisthekeyinbondingwithyourfriends.

E.Turningoffyourdevicescouldbethefirststepyoucando.

F.Entertainmentisn'ttheonlywaytointeractwithyourfriends.

G.Themainideaofthiskindofgameistotaketurnsininvolvement.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）IarrivedtomynewtownandIlovedeverysecondofit.Ihadagreathostfamily—theytookmearoundtheUnitedStatesandmademefeelathome.Afterusingadictionaryfora（n）（1）______weeks，IquicklylearnedAmericanexpressionsandthe（2）______andsomepeoplecouldn'ttellIwasn'tfromArkansas.Ilovedmyclassesandmadealotoffriendsinmynewschool.EverydayIlearnedsomethingnew—anewphraseorwordorthewaypeopledothings.Ilikedto（3）______lifeintheUnitedStatesandRussiaandlearnedthatbothoftheways（4）______.Ialsotook（5）______incommunications，mediaandculturesaroundtheworld.Thatyear（6）______sofastanditwastimetogohome.WhenI（7）______，Istillhadoneyearofhighschoolleftandalotofexamstopreparefor.ThatyearIstudiedlikeIneverdidbeforeandwaslookingforallofthe（8）______Ihad.Icouldn'tbeanEnglishteacherinmyhometownanymore—Ihadto（9）______whatisoutthereforme.

WhileIwas（10）______toalanguageprograminoneoftheuniversitiesinMoscow，IalsofoundauniversityinMissouri.Icouldn'tbelievemyparentsletmegoagain!Thistimeitwasforfourmoreyears，ormaybemoreIleftagainandstartedmycollege（11）______intheUnitedStates.CollegeoftheOzarksofferedfreetuition（學(xué)費）toeverystudent（12）______acampusworkprogram.Plus，youcouldpayforyourroomand（13）______byworkingoverthesummer.Itisawonderful（14）______—youworkoncampusandkeepitrunning，while（15）______workexperienceandgettingeducation.Ienjoyedmytimethere，butIwasonarollandhadtokeepmymomentum（勢頭）going.21.

A.pair B.several C.couple D.unusual22.

A.type B.voice C.accent D.vocabulary23.

A.study B.compare C.change D.compete24.

A.work B.fail C.accept D.waste25.

A.heart B.chance C.luck D.interest26.

A.passed B.missed C.forgot D.disappeared27.

A.returned B.knew C.arrived D.found28.

A.teachers B.papers C.opportunities D.essays29.

A.taste B.chase C.experiment D.explore30.

A.absorbed B.admitted C.permitted D.addicted31.

A.experience B.exchange C.campus D.degree32.

A.by B.on C.through D.over33.

A.board B.bed C.future D.delivery34.

A.story B.concept C.university D.routine35.

A.winning B.promoting C.gaining D.completing四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.

DuringtheWorldElephantDayonThursday,Chineseandforeignexpertsgatheredinoneonlineforum(論壇)

(1)

(discuss)waystoprotectelephantsbetterbasedonthemigration(遷徙)of15wildelephantsinSouthwestChina'sYunnanProvince.ThisshowshowChinesepeoplecareaboutthe

(2)

(protect)ofthesegiantfriends.

The15wildAsianelephantsamong

(3)

onemaleturnedbackinJulyfinallyreturnedtotheirhabitataftertouringfor17monthsinYunnanProvince.Thecasewastakenbytheexpertsasa

(4)

(success)exampleonhowtoprotectandguidethemigrationofwildelephants.

ZhouJinfeng,SecretaryoftheChinaBiodiversityConservationandGreenDevelopmentFoundation,mentionedanideawhichfocused

(5)

helpingwildanimalssurviveby

(6)

(reduce)theharmtonatureandwildlifeinourdailylives.

ZhangChenglin,DeputyDirectoroftheBeijingZoo,whointroducedsomemeasurestakenbyChinesezoostotakegoodcareofelephants,

(7)

(say)thattherewerearound150elephantslivinginzoosaroundChina.

"

(8)

(human)andanimalssharenature.Toprotectelephants

(9)

(be)toprotectourplanet,hopewecanworkwithothercountriestoprotectwildanimals,"

(10)

womanwroteonSinaWeiboontheWorldElephantDay.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任務(wù)型讀寫（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）37.Itwastheworstdayever.TheexactdatewasJanuary10，2010.Andmylifewaschangedcompletelywhenthataccidenthappened.

BeforethatdayIhadjuststartedmycollegelifeandlovedbeingatthatstageinmylifewhereIcouldeatallthepizzaIwanted，yetengageinadultconversationswithmyparentsabouttheresponsibilitytomakelifebetterforothers.IwasprettysureIcouldbesomeoneinthefuture，agreatvolunteermaybe.Thenonthatday，allthepossibilitiesweredestroyedbyacarelessdriver.ThedaysIspentinhospitalweredreadful，sufferingseverepainandhearingthedoctortellingmethatIcouldneverwalkanymore.

WhenIwasfinallypermittedtoleavethehospital，Ihadmyselfinasmallapartmentandrefusedanyvisit，blamingeveryoneintheworldanddrowningmyselftodespair.AfterImissedtencallsfrommydad，hejustcouldn'tleavemealone.Andwhenheenteredtheapartment，itwasinamess，withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.Inthecorner，therewasagarbagecanaroundwhichwerepiecesofgarbageandwastepaper.Heturnedaroundandfinallyhadhiseyesonme.Afewstepstowardsmeandhestrokehisfingersthroughmyhair，gentlyasking，"Youwanttoseesomething？"Ifeltalittleguiltyformakingmydadsoworried，soIfakedasmileandnoddedmyhead.

Heopenedmyfridge，searchedforawhileandtookoutsomeiceandsometealeavesafterboilingsomewaterinapot.Mysteriously，heputtheiceintheboilingwater.Afterawhile，heasked，"Howistheicenow？""What？"Iwasalittleconfusedabouthisquestion，wonderingwhathewasabouttodonext.Whenherepeatedthemoveandaskedmethesamequestion，Ibegantofeelbored."Howistheicenow？""Whatice？Thereisnoiceinthewaternow!Itmelted!"Iansweredwithmyeyesfixedontheroof.Suddenly，Dadheldmyhead，lookedatmestraightlyandexplained，"Theicewasoncetoughandhard."Dadcontinued，"Butwhenitwasputinthepot，theboilingwatermelteditandmadeitdisappearasifithadneverexisted，justlikewhatthedifficultiesmaydotoone'sdream."

注意：（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；（2）請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

"Wanttoseesomethingdifferent？"Dadwentontopouraspoonfuloftealeavesintheboilingwater，too.

Iknewitwastimetochange.六、書面表達（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）38.針對某些學(xué)校學(xué)生抄作業(yè)較為普遍的現(xiàn)象，某英語報社舉辦以"Saynotocopyinghomework"為主題的征文活動，假如你是某高一學(xué)生，你打算投稿，請根據(jù)以下要點寫一篇短文，文章要求包括以下要點：

（1）學(xué)生抄作業(yè)的原因：

①上課不認(rèn)真聽講，作業(yè)不會做；

②光顧著玩，沒有時間寫作業(yè)；

（2）寫作業(yè)的重要性：

①幫助檢查我們的學(xué)習(xí)；

②幫助我們復(fù)習(xí)知識；

（3）號召學(xué)生獨立完成作業(yè)。

參考詞匯：認(rèn)真地：attentively復(fù)習(xí)：review

注意：

（1）內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括以上要點，可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使文章連貫；

（2）詞數(shù)：80左右。

Saynotocopyinghomework______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、B、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章PLAY

IT

COOL部分Don't

under-do

it

by

dropping

eye

contact

or

making

yourself

smaller.But

don't

over-do

it

by

raising

your

chin

too

high

or

making

statements

you

don't

intend

to

follow

through—that

will

destroy

your

credibility.（不要通過減少眼神交流或縮小自己來做得不夠。但是不要做得過火，把下巴抬得太高，或者發(fā)表你不打算堅持到底的聲明那會破壞你的可信度。）可知做出你不會堅持到底的聲明可能會損害你的信譽。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章BE

FLEXIBLE部分Some

companies

have

little

room

for

pay

raises，but

more

room

to

negotiate

on

annual

leave，flexible

hours

or

working

from

home.If

your

efforts

to

get

a

rise

are

unsuccessful，do

not

give

up

without

first

searching

for

alternative

sources

of

value（一些公司幾乎沒有加薪的空間，但在年假、彈性工作時間或在家工作方面有更多的談判空間。如果你爭取加薪的努力不成功，不要在沒有找到其他價值來源之前就放棄）可知價值的替代來源包括更多的年假、靈活的工作時間和在家辦公的可能性。不包括B.free

medical

checkups（免費體檢）。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ASK

FOR

CLARITY部分的Next，ask

what

specific

actions

you

can

take

that

will

make

you

more

likely

to

be

given

a

pay

raise

in

the

future（接下來，問問你能采取哪些具體行動，讓你更有可能在未來獲得加薪）可知ASK

FOR

CLARITY將有助于你清楚地了解公司的優(yōu)先事項，這將確保加薪。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了《你第一：激勵你的團隊成長、相處并完成任務(wù)》一書的作者、組織心理學(xué)家LianeDavey給出了建議。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

4~7.【答案】B、D、A、A【解析】（1）B．詞義猜測題．根據(jù)第二段的Israeli

scientists

discovered

that

the

plants

hear

bees

approaching

and

attempt

to

lure

them

in

with

sweeter

nectar

（花蜜）．以色列科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種植物能聽到蜜蜂靠近，并試圖用更甜的花蜜引誘它們．可知，"lure"意為"吸引"．A．

Shut關(guān)閉；B．

Attract吸引；C．

Trap困??；D．

Lead導(dǎo)致．故選B．

（2）D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段的The

authors

point

out

that

the

behavior

is

actually

in

line

with

the

natural

order

of

things，

considering

that

a

plant's

ability

to

sense

its

environment

and

respond

to

it

is

critical

for

its

survival．作者指出，這種行為實際上符合事物的自然秩序，考慮到植物感知環(huán)境和對環(huán)境作出反應(yīng)的能力對其生存至關(guān)重要．可知．植物對環(huán)境的感知和反應(yīng)能力對生存至關(guān)重要．故選D．

（3）A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第四段的In

a

2009

study，

the

researchers

found

that

women's

voices

help

make

plants

grow

faster．在2009年的一項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)女性的聲音有助于植物生長更快．可知，女性的聲音能加速植物的生長．故選A．

（4）A．主旨大意題．根據(jù)全文和第一段的Next

time

you

find

yourself

tending

to

your

flower

garden，

you

may

want

to

stay

quiet．

The

flowers

are

listening．下次當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在照料你的花園時，你可能想保持安靜．花兒在傾聽．可知，文章主要介紹植物可能有傾聽的能力．故選A．

本文主要介紹植物可能有聽的能力，能夠?qū)χ車h(huán)境的聲音做出反應(yīng)．

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案．做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．

8~11.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的He

explains

that

those

tiny

glowing

points

visible

from

Alvin's

windows

are

actually

bioluminescent

（生物發(fā)光的）

creatures

-

and

the

deep

ocean

is

full

of

them.他解釋說，從阿爾文的窗戶上可以看到的那些微小發(fā)光點實際上是生物發(fā)光生物深海中到處都是這種生物。及第二段中的Alvin

takes

him

around

a

mile

and

a

half

down

to

the

eastern

side

of

the

Juan

de

Fuca

Ridge，an

underwater

mountain

range.阿爾文帶著他走了大約一英里半，來到胡安?德?富卡山脊的東側(cè)，這是一座水下山脈?？芍栁挠写皯?，可以深入海底，去水下山脈東側(cè)。由此可知，阿爾文可能是能夠在水下運行的船舶。故選D。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的It's

also

missing

ingredients

that

creatures

on

our

planet

normally

need

to

survive：it

has

no

oxygen，almost

no

organic

carbon，and

there's

no

access

to

sunlight

to

use

as

an

energy

source.它還缺少我們星球上的生物正常生存所需的成分：它沒有氧氣，幾乎沒有有機碳，也無法獲得陽光作為能源。可知，海底的水的獨特之處在于其中沒有氧氣。故選A。

（3）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Electron

microscope

pictures

from

his

partner，Olivia

Nigro，show

microbes

from

the

Dark

Energy

Biosphere

have

strange

shapes.One

looks

like

a

soup

can

with

long

arms

sticking

out

of

either

end.他的搭檔奧利維亞?尼格羅（OliviaNigro）的電子顯微鏡照片顯示，來自暗能量生物圈的微生物有著奇怪的形狀。其中一個看起來像湯罐，兩端伸出長長的手臂?？芍琈ike

Rappé發(fā)現(xiàn)地殼中的微生物呈現(xiàn)出不同尋常的形狀。故選B。

（4）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的And，because

there's

nothing

else

to

eat

down

there，they

must

be

getting

energy

from

the

surrounding

rocks.而且，因為那里沒有其他東西可吃，它們一定是從周圍的巖石中獲取能量?？芍瑏碜园的芰可锶Φ奈⑸镆揽繋r石生存。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。海底存在微生物，科學(xué)家將其命名為暗能量生物圈，文章主要介紹了暗能量生物圈中的微生物的奇特形狀，以及如何生存等細(xì)節(jié)。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】C、B、C、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Australia'szebrafinch（斑胸草雀），forexample，wassonamedbecauseofthezebra-likeblackandwhitebarsonitstail.（例如，澳大利亞的斑胸草雀因尾巴上有斑馬般的黑白條紋而得名。）可知，澳大利亞的斑胸草雀因其尾部顏色和圖案而得名，故選C。

（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段But

look

closer

and

we'll

see

that

the

quantity

and

design

of

these

patterns

varies

between

individuals.（但仔細(xì)觀察，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)這些圖案的數(shù)量和設(shè)計因個體而異。）"可知，此處是指我們推斷該物種的所有個體在相同的地方都有斑點和條紋，所以presume意為"推斷"。A.Recall召回；B.Suppose假設(shè)；C.Deny否認(rèn)；D.Recommend推薦。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Melanin（黑色素）isresponsibleforblacksandbrowns，andalackofthispigmentcancauseapartialortotallossofanindividual'sdarkpatterning.（黑色素是造成黑色和棕色的原因，缺乏這種色素會導(dǎo)致一個個體的黑色圖案部分或全部喪失。）該句是對上一句Colourationandpatterninginallanimalsiscausedbyarangeofpigments（色素）.（所有動物的著色和圖案都是由一系列色素引起的。）的解釋；最后三句Bothconditionsaregeneticandbothcanleadtoaverysimilarphysicalappearance.Leucism，however，causesalackofthepigmentcellsthatproducemelanin.Butalbinismcausestheproductionofmelaninpigmenttobereducedorabsent.（這兩種情況都是遺傳的，都可能導(dǎo)致非常相似的外表。然而，白色亞種會導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生黑色素的色素細(xì)胞的缺乏。但白化病會導(dǎo)致黑色素的產(chǎn)生減少或缺失。）是對Thetwomaintermsthatdescribetheseabnormalitiesarealbinism（白化?。゛ndleucism（白色亞種）.（描述這些異常的兩個主要術(shù)語是白化病和白色亞種。）的解釋。所以第四段通過作出解釋來展開，故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Becausethelackofmelaninreducesthestrengthandlastingnessoftheaffectedbirds'feathers，makingthemmoreeasilybroken.（因為黑色素的缺乏降低了受影響鳥類羽毛的強度和持久性，使它們更容易斷裂。）可知，白化或白色亞種鳥類的羽毛很容易折斷，故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了鳥類羽毛的顏色和鳥類體內(nèi)所含黑色素的關(guān)系，并介紹了缺乏黑色素所帶來的影響。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】E、C、B、G、F【解析】（1）E．推理判斷題。上文"Ifyouwanttospendqualitytimewitheachother,youandyourfriendsneedtosacrificeyourscreentime.（如果你想把珍貴的時間花在彼此身上，你和你的朋友需要犧牲你們的屏幕時間）"可推斷，建議關(guān)掉手機，E項中的"Turningoffyourdevices"與之一致。故選E.

（2）C．推理判斷題。上文"Byturningoffyourdevicesitwouldfocustheatmospheremoreonyourbonding.Everyonecouldfeelmorewelcomedandinvited.（關(guān)掉你的設(shè)備，氣氛將會更多的集中在人與人的關(guān)系上。每個人都能感覺到更受歡迎和更被吸引）"可推斷，此處講述關(guān)掉手機后的好處，C項"你和你的朋友可以多關(guān)心對方。"與之相符。故選C.

（3）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。上文"Beforethetrendofhigh-techdevicesaboardgamehadalwaysbeenthesourceofentertainmentwhenagroupoffriendswantedtohavesomefun（在高科技設(shè)備的趨勢之前，

當(dāng)一群朋友想玩得開心的時候棋盤游戲一直是娛樂的來源）"可知，說明以前的有些活動也會讓朋友們玩得高興，B項的"theseclassicactivities"與之相符，故B選項"那么，為什么不把這些經(jīng)典活動帶回來呢？"符合語境。故選B.

（4）G．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。上文"Anotherhelpfulwaytostartaconversationwithyourfriendsisthroughplayingquestiongames.（另一個有用的方法，開始與你的朋友交談是通過玩問題游戲。）"說到了問問題游戲，這種游戲應(yīng)是輪流參與，G項中的"taketurnsininvolvement."與之相符。故選G.

（5）F．推理判斷題。下文"Whileitisimportanttoenjoyyourget-together,goingintoapurposefulconversationisalsonecessary.（雖然享受你們的聚會很重要，但進入有目的的談話也是必要的。）"可知，聚會時娛樂固然重要，有目的的談話也是必須的，因此推斷空格處說的是娛樂，F(xiàn)項中的"Entertainment"與之相符。故選F.

本文是說明文。當(dāng)和家人朋友聚會時，人們總是癡迷于手機。文章給出了一些方法，不使用手機，參與一些合適的活動，聚會更愉快。

"七選五"這樣的題型，主要目的在于考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。解題時最主要的兩個步驟就是1．理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2．在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選項。得出正確的答案。

21~35.【答案】C、C、B、A、D、A、A、C、D、B、D、C、A、C、C【解析】（1）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.pair雙，對；B.several幾個；C.couple雙；D.unusual不同尋常的。句意：在用了幾個星期的字典之后，我很快學(xué)會了美國的表達和口音，有