專四大作文寫作課件

專四大作文寫作指導專四大作文考題分為3大類1.Fixedtopics固定觀點型

2.Alternativetopics兩選一觀點型

3.Freetopics自由發(fā)揮型專四大作文寫作指導年份作文題目題材題型體裁1999AMajorAdvantage/DisadvantageofAdvertisingonTelevision社會現(xiàn)象利弊討論議論文2000TheImportanceofExtracurricularActivities學生生活觀點說明說明文2001TravelBroadenstheMind大眾生活觀點說明說明文2002ThetoStayHealthy大眾生活提出建議說明文2003TheImportanceofKeepingaGoodMind大眾生活觀點說明說明文2004WillPhonesKillLetterWriting?社會現(xiàn)象觀點討論議論文2005MyIdeaofaUniversityArtsFestival校園文化生活提出建議說明文2006SavingMoneyorSpendingTomorrow’sMoney大眾生活觀點討論議論文年份作文題目題材題型體裁1999AMajorAdvant2007IsItWisetoMakeFriends

Online?社會現(xiàn)象觀點討論議論文2008TheBenefitsofVolunteering大眾生活觀點說明說明文2009WillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment?社會現(xiàn)象觀點討論議論文2010ShouldCollegeStudentsHireCleaners?學生生活觀點討論議論文2011ShouldPrivateCarOwnersBeTaxedforPollution?大眾生活觀點討論議論文2012TheDragonBoatFestival大眾生活觀點說明說明文2013TheAdvantagesofBeingCarefulwithMoneyinDailyLife大眾生活觀點說明說明文2014ShouldEnglishMajorsStudyMaths?校園生活觀點討論議論文2007IsItWisetoMakeFriendsI.Differentparagraphsinacomposition

1）主題段（TopicParagraph）：引出并點明支配全篇文章的主題，指出主題所包含的幾個方面，確定推展段的內(nèi)容和形式。2）支撐段（SupportingParagraphs/thebody）：由若干段落組成，對主題段所引出的主題展開討論。其直接作用是支持各段的主題句，間接作用是輔助各段的主題句支持主題段中的主題思想?！?）結尾段（ConcludingParagraph）：對全文歸納總結。I.Differentparagraphsinac觀點說明類作文（意義、重要性、危害性等）1.典型題眼：TheImportanceof…/TravelBroadensMindTheharmof…2.結構模板第一段：引出要說明的事物，明確自己對這一事物的態(tài)度.第二段：第一句：承接首段觀點，對本段內(nèi)容及其發(fā)展方式加以限制（一般用舉例法），說明重要性(危害性、有利之處)表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：

分主題一：重要性(危害性、有利之處)之一（一句話）+拓展觀點（2-3句）；

分主題二：重要性(危害性、有利之處)之二（一句話）+拓展觀點（2-3句）；第三段：結論：重要性+建議或展望（危害性+警示；有利性+建議）觀點說明類作文（意義、重要性、危害性等）TheHarmsofCollegeStudents’RentingandLivingOut

Thereisapopulartendencythatcollegestudentsliveinrentedhouses,enjoyingtheirfreedom.Nomatterhowpopularitisnowadays,however,Iholdadisapprovingopiniontosuchabehavior.TheHarmsofCollegeStudents’Moneyisthefirstandthemostimportantreasonformetosay“no”tothispractice.Rentingahouseoutofcampuswouldcostthemmuchmoremoneyonwatersupply,electricitysupply,housemaintainingandsoon.Thisisaheavyburdenforcollegestudentswhoarestilleconomicallyindependent.Whynotspendsuchmoneyonbooksorstudyingmaterials?Thesecondreasonformydisapprovalisthatlivingoutofcampusandseparatingfromyourclassmateswouldbringaboutmuchcommunicationinconvenienceandconsequentlyleadtolittlesenseofbelongingtoyourclass,whichwillblockyoufrommuchinformalbutusefulinformationwhiletalkingwithyourpals.ThelastreasonIwanttopointoutissecurity.Livinginstudents’building,youareprotectedbyschoolguards;livingout,itisyourselftoturnto.Theremaynotbeanyonetoguaranteeyoursafetywhensomethinghappens.MoneyisthefirsWhenstudentstalkaboutrentinghousesoutofcampus,romanticscenesbubble.Butthinkingaboutthereallife,weallhavetoberealisticenough.Whenstudentstalka比較選擇類作文比較選擇題型A：比較兩個事物的優(yōu)缺點并表明傾向典型題眼：BorrowingBooksOutweighsBuyingBooksABalancedDiet:ABetterWaytoStayHealthy變通形式1：WillPhonesKillLetterWriting?(TEM4:2004)變通形式2：TheDifferenceofMyCollegeLifeandMyMiddleSchoolLife(Whichonedoyouprefer?)(TEM4:1996)比較選擇類作文結構模板：A1、B1；A2、B2對比比較法第一段：用現(xiàn)象或者事實引出要比較的A和B的上義詞C，說明A和B是C的兩個重要或者流行的選擇，用一句話表明自己觀點或傾向（假如說選擇是A）.第二段：第一句承接首段觀點，引出下文的發(fā)展模式（列舉）A優(yōu)點之一（1句），用拓展句加以說明（2-3句）；轉折關聯(lián)詞說明B相應的缺點（1句），并用拓展句加以說明（2句）。A優(yōu)點之二（1句），用拓展句加以說明（2-3句）；轉折句說明B缺點（1句），并用拓展句加以說明（2句）第三段：結論結構模板：MajorisMoreImportantthanSchoolBrandinCollegeChoice

Afteryearsofpreparationforhigheducation,itistimeforhighschoolstudentstodecidewhichschooltoenroll.Amongvariousfactors,schoolbrandsandmajorsbecomethemostimportantfactorstobetakenintoconsideration.Betweenthem,Ibelieve,majorismoreimportantthanschoolbrand.MajorisMoreImportantthanSMypreferenceforagoodmajorratherthanschoolbrandliesinthefollowingtworeasons.Thefirstoneisthatanidealmajorcanmotivatemetomakegreatereffortsinacademicstudy.Asapopularsayinggoes,interestisthebestteacher.Withamajorofgreatinterest,Iwillexertmoreeffortsonitandmoreinspirationwillcomeout.Butinafamousschoolwithnoidealmajor,thoughtherearelearnedsupervisorsandexcellentteachingfacilities,Iwillfeeldullwithnoacademicinterest.Thesecondreasonisthatagoodmajormeansagoodoccupationinthefuture.Thereputationofafamouscollegeisveryimportantinjobhunting.Butwhatemployersneedarefacultieswhocandospecialjobs.Sotheypaymoreattentiontotheemployees’qualityandabilityinspecialties.MypreferenceforaFromwhatwehavediscussedabove,wecansafelygettheconclusionthatmajoroutweighsschoolbrandinourdecisionofcollegeentrance.Fromwhatwehavedis觀點論證類作文形式：1）疑問句：IsMoneyPowerful?2)在情景中交代一種社會現(xiàn)象或者一種做法，讓讀者發(fā)表觀點?！璂oyouagreeordisagree?/What’syouropinion?典型題眼：IsThriftNecessaryinModernSociety?DoYouAgreewith“Euthanasia”?What’syouropinionaboutreducingchildren’sexcessiveassignment?觀點論證類作文結構模板：（當作文題目只出現(xiàn)單方面觀點時）第一段：引題，或者描述一個情景，或者提出別人對這一問題的觀點來引出主題。或用反轉法，引出和別人相反的觀點；或順承別人的觀點表示同意。第二段：觀點段，承接首段觀點，對本段內(nèi)容加以限制；觀點不同方面的體現(xiàn)+證明、解釋、說明。第三段：回顧、總結觀點，一般會有一個引導的詞或是短語+回顧點題的句子。結構模板：MyViewonMan-MadeBeautyThetraditionalChinesesaying“clothesmakeaperson”reflectstheimportanceof“appearance”.Nowadays,suchabeliefhasitsnewcontent.Manypeople,especiallyyounggirlsorladies,arenotcontentwithgettingmorebeautifulbyclothes.Theyturntoamorechallengingpracticeofphysiologicalreform.Idon’tthinkthisman-madebeautypracticeshouldbeadvocated.MyViewonMan-MadeBeautyThedesireforbeautifulappearanceisoneofhumannatures.Theoperationsmayreallymeansomethingtosomepeople.Atleasttheyturnmorebeautiful.Butacoinhastwosides,andsodoesman-madebeautypracticeforthetwofollowingreasons.Firstly,one’sappearanceisGod’sblessing,andhasbeenonepartofourlife.Thereformoftheoriginalphysiologicalstructuremaybringgreatharmtoourbody.Afterbreastenlargementsurgery,manywomenlooksexierthanbefore.However,manyofthemarefoundmammaryglanddisease.Themoreseriouseffectisthattheyriskbeingunabletobreastfeed.Secondly,theadvocatingforsuchapracticewillmisleadpeopleinthejudgmentoftruebeauty.Theconceptofbeautyisquiterichinitscontent.Itshouldincludemanyvirtueslikehonestyanddiligence,whichshouldbetherealmainstreamofourspirituallife.Thepracticeandsomecontentsaboutman-madebeautywillconfusethosewhoaretodevelopcorrectconceptofbeauty.ThedesireforbeaConcerningtheabovepossibleharmsthepracticemaybringabout,wearestronglyagainstitandadvocateseekingtrueandnaturalbeauty.Concerningtheabove提出建議、解決問題類作文典型題眼：OneWaytoSolvetheProblem(1998)TheBestWaytoStayHealthy(2002)PresentasuggestiontoArtsFestival(2005)OneWaytoSolveTransportationProblemTheBestWaytoSavePower提出建議、解決問題類作文結構模板第一段：1）引出所要解決的問題及其嚴重性或必要性；2）明確提出建議。第二段：承接首段觀點，對本段內(nèi)容加以限制，即建議從哪個角度、哪個方面講能解決問題。角度1（方面1）：用推理、舉例等方法拓展自己的觀點；

角度2（方面2）：用推理、舉例等方法拓展自己的觀點；第三段：做出結論，建議行動，展望建議實施后的前景。結構模板TheBestWaytoStayHealthyInsuchafixedsociety,peoplehavetobearburdensfromeducation,workandfamilies.Thereforeitisnecessaryforthemtoattachmoreimportancetotheirhealth.Astothewaytokeephealthy,somepeopleinsistonabalanceddiet,andsomeothersagreeforphysicalexercise.Iagreewiththelatter.TheBestWaytoStayHealthyMysuggestionsofsportsasthebestwaytostayhealthylieinthefollowingreasons.Firstly,doingsportscankeepyoufit.Ithelpsyouburnexcessivefat,whichismuchsaferthananywonderdrug,miracledietorliposuctiontoloseweight.Secondly,doingsportscancontributealottoapatient’srecovery.Howeversevereone’sillnessmaybe,theprocessofexercisecanmoreorlessdogoodtohim,foritcanspeedupbloodcirculation,andhelphimorhertoinhalemorefreshair.Inthiswayexercisecanquickentheprocessofrecovery.Thirdly,bydoingsportsyoucangetbrainrefreshed,whichisofvitalimportancetothepeopleworkingatofficesandstudentsinintensivestudy.MysuggestionsofsThebenefitsofsportsaremorethanIhavelisted.Ibelievedoingsportswillmakeusfit,strongandingoodworkingcondition,namely,ithelpsusstayhealthy.ThebenefitsofspoII.Therequirementofthebeginning?

RemembertherequirementinTEM41.Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.2.Itshouldattractthereader’sattention.3.Youshouldnotmakeanymistakeinthisparagraph.II.Therequirementofthebeg1.開頭技巧一：名人名言

開頭引用名人不僅能夠作為很好的切入點展開話題，而且還能夠顯示考生深厚的英語功底。可能有的考生會疑惑：“我沒有記住名言，怎么辦？尤其是英語名言？”一般來說，引用名人名言不一定要記住每個單詞才行。如果考生能夠記住大致的內(nèi)容，也可以引用。引用名人名言的經(jīng)典句型：

Aproverbsays,“youareonlyyoungonce.”（適用于已記住的名言）

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwecannotbeyoungforever.（適用于只記住大致意思的名言）

1.開頭技巧一：名人名言

開頭引用名人不僅能夠作為很好的切TOPIC：Successandopportunity“Greatmindsmustbereadynotonlytotaketheopportunity,buttomakethem.”Colton,agreatwriteronceremarked.Butitstillhasaprofoundsignificancenow.Toaperson,inwhoselifetimeopportunitiesarenotmany,tomakeopportunitiesismoreessentialtohissuccess.TOPIC：Successandopportunity2．開頭技巧二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計

要想使自己的論證更有說服力，就應該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。原則上在議論文當中十不應該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的，可是在考試考生只需要記住一個大概得數(shù)據(jù)即可。所以不妨試用下面的句型：

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about78.9％ofthecollegestudentswantedtofurthertheirstudyaftertheirgraduation.

Arecentstatisticsshowsthat

2．開頭技巧二：數(shù)字統(tǒng)計

要想使自己的論證更有說服力，就應Topic：CyberRomanceArecentsurveyindicatesthatnearlyhalfofyoungstudentshaveexperiencedtheso-calledcyberromanceorhaveshowngreatinterestinit.Itisnowevenatrendorfashion.Someoneevenindulgedhimselforherselfinitwithoutrealizingthepotentialdangersorperil.Inmypointofview,therearesomereasonsforit.Topic：CyberRomance3．對立法

:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,適用于有爭議性的主題.

1）Whenaskedabout...,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat...ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.

2）Whenitcomesto...,somepeoplebelievethat...Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,but(Itendtotheproffer/latter...)

3)Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledged

that...Theyclaim/believe/arguethat...ButIwonder/doubtwhether...3．對立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或4．現(xiàn)象法引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問題,然后評論.

1）Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenonof)...hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.2)Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbroughttopublicattention)

3）Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.4)Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...wasgreetedwithuniversalacclaimas...

4．現(xiàn)象法引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問題,然后評論.

1）Thereisageneraldebateonthecampustodayoverthephenomenonofcollegeorhighschoolstudents’doingapart-timejob.Thereisagenerald5．直接亮出觀點法

--開門見山,直截了當?shù)靥岢鲎约簩σ懻摰膯栴}的看法.

1)Neverinhistoryhasthechangeof..beenasevidentas...Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaof..beenmorevisible/popularthan...

2)Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that...

3）Thereisagrowingawareness/recognitionofthenecessityto...Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof...

4）Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat...5．直接亮出觀點法--開門見山,直截了當?shù)靥岢鲎约簩σ懻?.故事法

--先講一個較短的故事來引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出文章的主題.

1）Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt....Thephenomenonof...hasarousedpublicconcern.

2）Ihaveafriendwho...Shouldhe....?Suchadilemmaweare

oftenconfrontwithinourdailylife.

3）Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho...Thisstorymaybe

(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificance.

6.故事法--先講一個較短的故事來引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出7．問題法

--先用討論或解答的設問,引出自己觀點,適用于有爭議性的話題.

Should/What......?Optionsof...varygreatly,some...,others...Butinmyopinion,...7．問題法--先用討論或解答的設問,引出自己觀點,適用Topic:FactorsInfluencingYoungAdultsOfthevariousfactorsthatcanhaveinfluenceonyoungadults,thefamilyandfriendsstandoutmost.Whichofthetwoismoreimportant?Myviewisthatitisfriendswhohavemoreimportantinfluenceonyoungadults.Topic:FactorsInfluencingYo常用與開頭的短語、句式1)(Computers/privatecars)arewitnessingthe(rapidly)growingpopularityinChina,thefactofwhichhasbeenconsiderablychangingthequalityofourlives.2)Currently,thereisawidespread/serious/heated/majorconcernover(illegalpublication/drugabuse/negativeinfluenceofwesterncultures).3)Nowadays,aheateddebate/discussionabout…isunderwayinChina.Somepeoplebelievethat…,whereasothersarguethat…4)

Thereisapublicdebatetodaythat...5)

Aisacommonwayof...,butisitawiseone?6)Recentlytheproblemhasbeenbroughtintofocus.7)Whenitcomesto...,somethink...常用與開頭的短語、句式專四寫作主體段落寫作原則

1.長短句原則Asacreature,Ieat;asaman,Iread.Althoughoneactionistomeettheprimaryneedofmybodyandtheotheristosatisfytheintellectualneedofmind,theyareinawayquitesimilar.

如此可見，長短句結合，抑揚頓挫，更能夠使文章文采飛揚。專四寫作主體段落寫作原則

1.長短句原則2.主題句原則英文寫作和中文寫作的一個很大的區(qū)別在于：中文寫作喜歡水到渠成，只有在最后才透露觀點，然而英文寫作往往卻開門見山，在文章的段首就講明白整段的內(nèi)容。Ｔobeginwith,youmustworkhardatyourlessonsandbefullypreparedbeforetheexam（主題句）.Withoutsufficientpreparation,youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectly.2.主題句原則3.一二三原則1）first,second,third,last（不推薦，原因：俗）

2）firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally（不推薦，原因：俗）

3）thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast（不推薦，原因：俗）

4）inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace,lastly（不推薦，原因：俗）

5）tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally（強烈推薦）

6）tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally（強烈推薦）

7）firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast（強烈推薦）

8）mostimportantofall,moreover,finally

9）ononehand,ontheotherhand（適用于兩點的情況）

10）foronething,foranotherthing（適用于兩點的情況）

3.一二三原則4.短語優(yōu)先原則使用短語，有兩個好處：其一、短語會使文章增加亮點；其二、關鍵時刻思維短路，湊字數(shù)。Icannotbearit.

可以用短語表達：Icannotputupwithit.

Iwantit.

可以用短語表達：Iamlookingforwardtoit.

4.短語優(yōu)先原則5.多實少虛原則要多用實詞，少用虛詞。比如我們說一個人很好的時候，不應該直說nice這樣空洞的詞，應該使用一些諸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm－h(huán)earted,hospital之類的形容詞。再比如：

走出房間，general的詞是：walkoutoftheroom，但是小偷走出房間應該說：slipoutoftheroom

小姐走出房間應該說：sailoutoftheroom，小孩走出房間應該說：danceoutoftheroom，老人走出房間應該說：staggeroutoftheroom，所以多用實詞，少用虛詞，文章將會大放異彩5.多實少虛原則英語專四寫作怎樣使句子多樣化

以簡單句為基礎，配合適當?shù)牟⒘芯?，復合句和復雜句。簡單句可長可短，通常要加些附屬成分，如分詞短語、介詞短語、副詞短語、不定式動詞和短語等。(1)Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句(1)+2)

(2)Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(現(xiàn)在分語短語+簡單句)

(3)Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副詞短語+并列分句(1)-(2))

(4)Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(簡單句+形容語短語)

(5)Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(原因副詞從句+主句)

英語專四寫作怎樣使句子多樣化

以簡單句為基礎，配合適當?shù)牟⒘蠭V.Howcanwewritetheending1restatement重申式(含習語和名言式的重申觀點)2summary總結式3Solution問題解決式4previewthefortune前景展望式5calluponthepeople號召式6MixpatternsIV.Howcanwewritetheendin1restatement重申式通過對文章前面的討論,引出或重申文章的中心思想及觀點但需要與你的主題表達的句型或用語不同，即換種說法表達或換近義詞.1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthatitissoimportanttokeepagoodmood.2.Insummary/Inaword,itismorevaluableto……3.If

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