人教版 （2023）選擇性必修 第三冊 Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking課件(共38張PPT)

第第頁人教版（2023）選擇性必修第三冊Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionReadingandThinking課件(共38張PPT)(共38張PPT)

人教版（2023）選擇性必修三

Unit3EnvironmentalProtection

ReadingandThinking

Discussclimatechange

Learningobjectives

Bytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:

1.readaboutclimatechangeanddiscussit;

2.practisereadingfordetailedinformation;

3.drawadiagramonhowthegreenhouseeffectworks;

4.learnsomekeywordsandphraseslikeecology,sustainandcarbon.

本單元的引言出自印度國父甘地（MohandasK.Gandhi）。地球是人類生活的家園，人類的生存和發(fā)展必須依賴自然環(huán)境和自然資源。因為貪婪，人類過度開采自然資源，造成環(huán)境破壞、生態(tài)失衡、資源枯竭，最終受害的還是人類自己。人類只有堅持科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，適度利用資源，我們生存的環(huán)境才會逐漸好起來。

Earthprovidesenoughtosatisfyeveryman’sneeds,butnoteveryman’sgreed.

—MohandasK.Gandhi

地球所提供的物質(zhì)財富足以滿足每個人的需求，卻不足以滿足每個人的貪欲。

——莫罕達斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地

Lead-in

Whatphenomenacanyouidentifyfromtheseimages

storm

sealevelrise

drought

heatwave

flood

fire

WhatisthegraphaboutWhatinformationcanyougetfromit

HaveyoueverseenthephotobeforeWhatmightbethestorybehindit

Beforeyouread,lookatthegraphandthepicturebelowanddiscussthesequestionsingroups.

Pre-reading

ThegraphshowsthechangeintheGlobalSurfaceTemperaturebetween1920and2023.Itshowshowmuchthetemperaturehasrisenabovewhatitwouldusuallybeatabaselevel.

.

Ihaven’tseenthisphoto,butIhaveseenphotoslikeit.Thestoryisthatthepolarbearstarvedtodeathbecauseitcouldnotfindenoughtoeat.

Readthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.

While-reading

1

2

3

4

5

Readthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.

While-reading

Para.1A.Weneedtodosomethingtoreducegreenhousegas

emissions.

Para.2B.Theriseintemperaturehascausednaturaldisasters.

Para.3C.Earthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.

Para.4D.Adeadpolarbearwasfound,whichalarmedsome

experts.

Para.5E.WhyisEarthgettingwarmerandwarmer

Lookatparagraph1andfindoutitsmainidea.

CLIMATECHANGEREQUIRESTHEWORLD’SATTENTION

Wehaveknownaboutclimatechangefordecades.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwithmeltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidenceofadramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.

Evidenceofclimatechange

Lookatparagraph2andfindoutitsmainidea.

In2023,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.ThisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonEarth’secology.

Oneofthevictimsofclimatechange

Lookatparagraph3andfindoutitsmainidea.

ThenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperatureClimatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”,whichhastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffectreferstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

Causesofclimatechange

Lookatparagraph4andfindoutitsmainidea.

Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwillprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.

Effectsofclimatechange

Lookatparagraph5andfindoutitsmainidea.

Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.Sowhatwillyoudotohelp

Solutionsofclimatechange

problem

example

causes

effects

solutions

Expositorywriting

Lookatthestructureofthetextandfindoutthetypeofthetext.

PartParagraphMainidea

11-2TheofdramaticclimatechangethathadanimpactonEarth’secology

23The__________oftheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature

34Theoftheriseintemperature

45Thetoreducinggreenhousegasemissions

Lookatthefourpartsofthetextandfillintheblanks.

evidence

causes

effects

solutions

Readthetextagainandanswerthequestions.

1.WhathappenedtothepolarbearinthephotoWhydidthewriterwriteaboutit

2.Canyouuseyourwordstodescribehowclimatechangehaveinfluencedthepolarbear’slife

Thepolarbearinthephotodiedofstarvation.Thewriterwroteaboutitbecauseitshowedoneoftheeffectsofrisingtemperaturesduetoclimatechange.

Climatechange

lowsea-icelevels

bearscouldnothunt

hadtotravelgreaterdistancestofindfood

starvedtodeath

itsdeadbodyfound

Readthetextagainandanswerthequestions.

3.Whyisthe“natural”greenhouseeffectimportantandnecessary

4.Whataretheconsequencesofhighgreenhousegasemissions

5.Whydidtheauthormentiontheclimatescientists’warning

6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext

The“natural”greenhouseeffectisimportantbecauseitwarmstheEarth’ssurfaceandkeepsithabitable.

Highgreenhousegasemissionsleadtomoreheatenergybeingtrappedintheatmosphereandrisingtemperatures.

Becauseitisessentialthatwetakeactionandsoitneedstobebroughttoeveryone’sattention.

Toinformthereaderandinspirethemtodowhatevertheycantodealwiththisproblem.

Readthetextagainandcreateadiagramdescribinghowthegreenhouseeffectworks.

Readthetextagainandcreateadiagramdescribinghowthegreenhouseeffectworks.

HeatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.

man-made

Definition

Function

natural

GreenhouseEffect

keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable

Peopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels.

Definition

Function

MoreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

Greenhouseeffect

“Natural”greenhouseeffect

“Man-made”greenhouseeffect

Readthetextagainandcreateadiagramdescribinghowthegreenhouseeffectworks.

Discussthesequestionsingroups.

Post-reading

1.WhatexamplesofextremeweatheranddisastersdoyouknowCanyoumakealist

2.DoyouthinkclimatechangeistheresultofhumanactivityGiveyourreasons.

3.WhodoyouthinkshouldtakeresponsibilityfordealingwithclimatechangeWhatcanwedo

Tornado,hail,typhoon,strongcoldwave,sandstorm,etc.

Yes,Ithinkso.Itistheburningoffossilfuelsbyhumanbeingsthathasaddedmoreheattotheatmosphere.

Everyoneofusshouldtakeresponsibilityforit.Wecanbuythingsthatareeconomicalwithenergyandrecyclepaperbags,cansandbottles.

WordsandExpressions

Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionof

itsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.(P26)

一位長期研究北極熊的專家說，從尸體的姿勢看，這只北極熊像是餓死的。

starve/stɑv/vi.&vt.（使)挨餓；餓死

搭配

starvesbintosth/intodoingsth斷絕食物（或資金）來源以迫使某人做某事

starvetodeath餓死starvefor渴望；急需

拓展

starvationn.饑餓；挨餓；餓死

例句

Thenewjobdoesn’tpayasmuchbutwewon’tstarve!

新工作的工資沒有過去多，不過我們不至于挨餓！

1

Thisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpacton

Earth’secology.(P26)

這一令人驚恐的案例反映了氣溫上升對地球生態(tài)造成的影響。

ecology/ikldi/n.生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)

搭配

socialecology社會生態(tài)學(xué)

ecosystemecology生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生態(tài)學(xué)

拓展

ecologicaladj.生態(tài)的；生態(tài)學(xué)的

ecologistn.生態(tài)學(xué)家

例句

Oilpollutioncoulddamagethefragileecologyofthecoralreefs.

石油污染可能破壞珊瑚礁脆弱的生態(tài)環(huán)境。

2

Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.(P27)

這一熱量以更大的波長被釋放回大氣層。

release/rlis/vt.&n.排放；釋放；發(fā)布

搭配

releasefrom解除；豁免

releasepressure釋放壓力

releasedate發(fā)布日期；發(fā)行日期；出廠日期

例句

Firefighterstooktwohourstoreleasethedriverfromthewreckage.

消防隊員花了兩個小時將司機從汽車殘骸中救出來。

Themoviegoesongeneralreleasenextweek.

這部電影將于下周公開上映。

3

Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide,trapsome

oftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.(P27)

大氣層中甲烷、二氧化碳等溫室氣體困住了部分熱量，從而使地球保持氣候溫

暖、適宜居住。

carbon/kɑbn/n.碳

搭配

carbondioxide二氧化碳

carbonemissions碳排放

carbontaxes碳稅

例句

Howdowemovetoalowcarboneconomy

我們?nèi)绾无D(zhuǎn)向低碳經(jīng)濟？

4

Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.(P27)

如果沒有這一過程，地球就無法維系生命。

sustain/ssten/vt.維持；遭受；承受住

拓展

sustainableadj.不破壞生態(tài)平衡的，合理利用的；可持續(xù)的

例句

Theloveandsupportofhisfamilysustainedhimduringhistimeinprison.

家人的關(guān)愛和支持幫助他度過了獄中的歲月。

Thecompanysustainedlossesofmillionsofdollars.

公司遭受了數(shù)百萬美元計的巨大損失。

Theseawallsustainstheshockofthewaves.

海堤能抵擋海浪的沖擊。

5

Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossil

fuels,...(P27)

當人類由于燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生了大量額外的溫室氣體，……

fuel/fjul/n.燃料；刺激性言行

搭配

solidfuel固體燃料

nuclearfuels核燃料

addfueltothefire/flames火上澆油

例句

Thereisasevereshortageoffuel.

燃料嚴重短缺。

Mynewcariseconomicaloffuel.

我的新汽車節(jié)省燃料[不費油]。

6

Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethat...(P27)

確鑿、全面的證據(jù)表明……

comprehensive/kmprhensv/adj.全部的；所有的；詳盡的

搭配

comprehensivequality綜合素質(zhì)

comprehensiveuniversity綜合性大學(xué)

comprehensivenationalpower綜合國力

拓展

comprehendvi.&vt.理解；領(lǐng)悟；包括

例句

Twoveryclearandcomprehensivehandbooksareavailable.

現(xiàn)有兩種清晰易懂、內(nèi)容全面的手冊供應(yīng)。

Whentheworkoutisover,yougetacomprehensivesummary.

鍛煉結(jié)束后會有一個全面的總結(jié)。

7

Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,this

warmingtrendwillprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.(P27)

氣候?qū)W家已發(fā)出警告：如果我們不采取適當?shù)男袆樱@種變暖的趨勢可能會持

續(xù)下去，而我們將為此付出更大的代價。

trend/trend/n.趨勢；趨向；動向

搭配

economic/social/politicaltrends經(jīng)濟／社會／政治趨勢

markettrend市場趨勢；市場趨向

generaltrend一般趨勢

例句

Youseemtohaveset(=started)anewtrend.

看來你們是開了一個新風氣。

8

Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsand

heatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.(P27)

事實上，有關(guān)極端暴風雨和熱浪造成死亡和經(jīng)濟損失的新聞報道已屢見不鮮。

frequently/frikwntli/adv.頻繁地；經(jīng)常

拓展

frequentadj.頻繁的，經(jīng)常發(fā)生的v.常去；常到（某處）

frequencyn.頻繁；發(fā)生率；出現(xiàn)率；重復(fù)率

例句

Busesrunfrequentlybetweenthecityandtheairport.

公共汽車頻繁地來往于市區(qū)與機場之間。

Wehadtopausefrequentlyforbreath.

我們不得不經(jīng)常停下來喘口氣。

9

Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsand

heatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.(P27)

事實上，有關(guān)極端暴風雨和熱浪造成死亡和經(jīng)濟損失的新聞報道已屢見不鮮。

broadcast/brdkɑst/vt.&vi.播送；廣播；傳播n.廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目

拓展

broadcastern.廣播員；節(jié)目主持人；電視臺；廣播公司

例句

Theconcertwillbebroadcastlivetomorrowevening.

明晚的音樂會將現(xiàn)場直播。

Idon’tliketobroadcastthefactthatmyfatherownsthecompany.

我不想宣揚這家公司為我父親所有。

10

Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsand

measurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.(P27)

各國政府需考慮制定政策并采取適當?shù)男袆雍痛胧┮詼p少溫室氣體的排放。

policy/plsi/n.政策；方針；原則

搭配

monetarypolicy貨幣政策

economicpolicy經(jīng)濟政策

foreignpolicy外交政策

例句

Thecompanyhasadoptedafirmpolicyonshoplifting.

那家公司對店內(nèi)行竊采取了嚴厲的措施。

Theyhavehadasignificantchangeinpolicyonpaternityleave.

他們對男人陪產(chǎn)假制度作了重大改變。

Honestyisthebestpolicy.誠實為上。

11

Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountof

carbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.(P27)

作為個人，我們可以通過限制生活方式產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳量來減少我們的“碳

足跡”。

restrict/rstrkt/vt.限制；限定；束縛

拓展

restrictionn.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)

例句

Accesstotheclubisrestrictedtomembersonly.

俱樂部僅對會員開放。

Irestrictmyselftoonecupo