2023學(xué)年完整公開課版Unit1Greatscientists全省一等獎1

SectionⅢ

LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage速效提能演練Unit1預(yù)習(xí)多維感知

SectionIII重點難點探究預(yù)習(xí)多維感知Ⅰ.Readthetextandanswerthesequestions.1．WhatmadeCopernicusconfused?__________________________________________答案：Hisdiscoverthattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.2．WhycouldCopernicusnottellanyoneabouthistheory?___________________________________________答案：BecausetheChristianChurchwouldpunishhim.3．HowdidCopernicusprovehistheory?___________________________________________答案：Hehadcollectedobservationsofthestarsandusedallhismathematicalknowledgetoexplainthem.4．WhatdidCopernicusdoin1543?___________________________________________答案：Heshowedhistheoryprivatelytohisfriends.5．WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?___________________________________________答案：Hepublisheditin1543，whenhewasdying.Ⅱ.Readthetextandthenfindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.A．Newobservationsdidn’tagreewiththeoldtheoryabouttheearth.B．Copernicus’stheoryisthebasisofmodernscienceabouttheuniverse.C．Copernicuswaspuzzledashefoundtheearthwasnotthecenterofthesolarsystem.D．Copernicus’snewtheorythatthesunwasthecentercouldexplainallthephenomena.E．Copernicusimprovedhistheorybycollectingobservationsandusinghismathematicalknowledge.Paragraph1________Paragraph2________Paragraph3________Paragraph4________Paragraph5________答案：Paragraph1～Paragraph5：CAEDB重點難點探究詞匯精研1contributevt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助品味經(jīng)典①Manypeoplecontributedsomemoneyto/towardsthenewchurch.很多人都為新教堂捐了一些錢。歸納拓展②HecontributedfivemilliondollarstotheRedCross.他向紅十字會捐贈了五百萬美元。③Hecontributedsomearticlestothenewspaper.他給報社投了幾篇稿。④I’dliketothankallofyouwhocontributedtobuildingthehospital.我想感謝你們所有這些為醫(yī)院建設(shè)做出貢獻的人。⑤Hiscarelessnesscontributedtotheaccident.他的粗心大意是造成這次事故的原因之一。注意：在表示“獻身于某一事業(yè)或目標”時，要用devote，不用contribute，即contribute后不可接one’slife或oneself。【助記】⑥Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.好多人給那個可憐的孩子捐錢，使他可以重返校園。一位作家寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的故事并把它投到了報社。牛刀小試(1)(2011年湖州高二檢測)Eatingtoomuchfatcan________heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.A．contributeto

B．linktoC．a(chǎn)ttendtoD．devoteto解析：選A。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：攝入太多的脂肪會促使心臟病和高血壓的發(fā)生。contributeto有助于，促使；attendto處理；link和devote都為及物動詞，后須接賓語，且與句意不符。(2)Manyillnesses________lackofexercise.A．resultfromB．leadtoC．resultinD．contributeto解析：選A。句意：許多疾病是由缺乏運動引起的。“前果后因”的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義要選resultfrom。因為leadto，resultin，contributeto都表示“前因后果”的關(guān)系。2Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了上面提到的結(jié)構(gòu)，你還學(xué)了下列短語。品味經(jīng)典①Apartfrommath，sheisgoodatEnglish.除了數(shù)學(xué)外，她還擅長英語。②Apartfromafewfaults，heisafaithfulfriend.除了幾個缺點外，他是個值得信賴的朋友。自我探究apartfrom介詞短語，意思為除……之外；此外。③Apartfrommyparents，Ihavenoonetobelievein.除了我父母，我誰也不相信。(notincludingmyparents)④Apartfromthecost，weneedtothinkabouthowmuchtimethejobwilltake.除了成本之外，我們還需要考慮這份工作要用多少時間。(includingthecost)易混辨析

inaddition，inadditionto，apartfrom，except，exceptfor，besidesinaddition副詞短語，意為“加之，又，另外(包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi))”。Therewasanearthquakeand，inaddition，thereweretidalwaves.除了地震之外，還有海嘯。inadditionto介詞短語，意為“加之，除了……之外(包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi))”。HespeaksFrenchinadditiontoEnglish.他除了英語之外，也會說法語。apartfrom介詞短語，意為“除去，除……以外”。有雙重意義，既可表示besides，也可表示except或exceptfor。Apartfromthecost，thedressdoesn’tsuitme.姑且不論價格，這件衣服也不適合我。except是“除……之外”之意。指從整體中除去一部分，被除去部分不包括在整體之內(nèi)。Helikeseveryoneexceptme.除了我以外，每個人他都喜歡。exceptfor是“除……之外”之意。被除去部分與整體不是同一類，而是補充細節(jié)以修復(fù)整體或使整體所述成立。Thefilmisgoodexceptformusic.除音樂之外，這部片子都好。besides是“除……之外(還有)”被除去部分是包括在整體之內(nèi)的(＝inadditionto)。Therearethreemorevisitorsbesidesme.除我之外，還有三位訪客。Nooneknowsitbesidesme.(在疑問句、否定句中＝except)除我以外，誰也不知道這事。(只有我知道)牛刀小試(1)(2011年宜春高二檢測)________beingtoolarge，thecolorandthestyleofthedresssuitmewell.A．ApartfromB．AswellasC．BesidesD．Insteadof解析：選A?？疾橥x詞或短語的辨析。根據(jù)句意“除了太大，這件衣服的顏色和款式都適合我”。應(yīng)選apartfrom。aswellas也；besides除……外還；insteadof代替，都不合題意。用besides，except，apartfrom，exceptfor填空(2)Clarissacouldthinkofnothingtosay________thatshewassosorry.(3)________goingswimmingoccasionally，Idon’tgetmuchexercise.(4)Icycletowork，________whenitrains.(5)Thebusisempty________anoldwomaninit.答案：(2)except

(3)Apartfrom/Except

(4)except

(5)exceptfor3Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。品味經(jīng)典①Hisargumentdoesnotmakesense.他的爭論沒有意義。②Thissentencedoesn’tmakeanysense.＝

Thissentencemakesnosense.這個句子完全講不通。③Itmakessensetotakecareofyourhealth.注意身體健康是明智的。自我探究makesense意為有意義；講得通；有道理。歸納拓展(1)makesense是不及物動詞短語，可用于itmakessense(forsb.)todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。而makesenseof是及物動詞短語。意為：理解，明白。(2)loseone’ssense昏過去；發(fā)瘋；失去理智asenseofhumor幽默感Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做什么沒有道理/沒有必要④Canyoumakeanysenseofthearticleatall?你究竟能不能理解這篇文章的意思？⑤There’snosenseingettingangryaboutit.為此生氣是沒有意思的。牛刀小試(1)What’sthe________ofhavingapublicopenspacewhereyoucan’teat，drinkorevensimplyhangoutforawhile?A．senseB．matterC．caseD．opinion解析：選A。本題所設(shè)的語境是：在不吃、不喝、不動的情況下是什么感覺？sense感覺；matter問題，麻煩；case情況，問題；opinion意見，看法。四個選項中只有A項符合語境。(2)(2011年汕頭高二檢測)Whathesaid________.Heknowsnothingabouttheintelligenceeconomy.A．makesomesenseB．makessomesenseC．makenosenseD．doesn’tmakeanysense解析：選D。考查makesense的用法。根據(jù)后句“他對知識經(jīng)濟一無所知”判斷他說的話沒有意義。排除A、B。Whathesaid是主語從句，用作單數(shù)。排除C項。4Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.他的朋友們都很感興趣并鼓勵他發(fā)表他的理論，但是哥白尼很小心。品味經(jīng)典①Hewascautiouswhenhewasridingthebicycle.當他騎自行車的時候，他很小心。自我探究cautiousadj.意為小心的；謹慎的。歸納拓展易混辨析cautious，carefulcareful表示很注意細節(jié)，行為小心以避免錯誤。cautious語氣比careful強，指十分小心，防止出危險或差錯，帶有遲疑、提防的心理。②Thebossiscautiousaboutmakingpromises.老板對承諾持謹慎態(tài)度。③Hewascarefultokeepoutofsight.他小心翼翼地躲開別人的視線。牛刀小試(2011年湖州高二檢測)I’vealwaysbeenvery________aboutgivingmyaddressandtelephonenumbertostrangers.A．worriedB．a(chǎn)nxiousC．carefulD．cautious解析：選D。考查形容詞的辨析。根據(jù)句意“我在給陌生人我的地址和電話號碼時非常謹慎”可知應(yīng)選cautious。worried擔(dān)心的；anxious焦慮的；careful小心的。5TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheory，sayingitwasagainstGod’sidea...基督教會拒絕接受他的新理論，說這種理論違背了上帝的旨意……品味經(jīng)典①Jimwasrejectedbyeverycollegeheappliedto.吉姆申請的每一所大學(xué)都拒絕了他。自我探究rejectvt.拒絕；不接受；摒棄。易混辨析reject，refusereject用于正式場合，如外交或商業(yè)條款之類，另外還有“拋棄、剔除”之意。后面接名詞。refuse表示“拒絕他人的請求或拒絕自己不想要的事物”，多用于refusesth.；refusetodosth.；refusesb.sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)中。②Theyrefusedtobowtoforce.他們堅決不向武力低頭。③Itishardformetorejectsomebadhabits.我很難改掉一些壞習(xí)慣牛刀小試單項填空(1)Severalhundredpeopleappliedfortheposition，butwehadto________nearlyallofthem.A．rejectB．giveawayC．turnoutD．leaveout解析：選A。句意：雖然有好幾百人申請這個職位，但我們不得不拒絕幾乎所有的人。reject拒絕。完成句子(2)由于視力不好他被拒絕入伍。He__________bythearmybecauseofhisbadeyesight.答案：wasrejected6Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。句型巧析品味經(jīng)典①Onlyifyoumademanymistakesdidyouknowtheimportanceoffollowingyourparents’suggestions.只有當你犯了很多錯誤后，你才意識到聽從父母建議的重要性。自我探究only位于句首修飾狀語時，主句要用部分倒裝，即把主句謂語中的助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be放在主語之前。②Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvetheproblem.只有通過這種方式，我們才能解決這個問題。③Onlyshecandoitwell.只有她才能把這件事做好。易混辨析ifonly，onlyif(1)ifonly但愿……，要是……就好了。常引導(dǎo)含虛擬語氣的條件句或感嘆句。(2)onlyif只要……，onlyif本身不是一個固定詞組。only是副詞，用來修飾整個if從句。若用于句首，后接從句，主句要部分倒裝。④IfonlyIwereyounger！要是我年輕點兒就好了！牛刀小試(1)________youeatthecorrectfoods________beabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.A．Onlyif；willyouB．Onlyif；youwillC．Unless；willyouD．Unless；youcan解析：選A。句意為：“只有正確飲食，你才能保持身體健康?！眔nlyif引導(dǎo)的條件狀語位于句首時，主句要采取部分倒裝。注意：unless引導(dǎo)狀語從句不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly________howmuchIlovedthem.A．IrealizedB．IhadrealizedC．hadIrealizedD．didIrealize解析：選D?？疾镺nly＋時間狀語置于句首引起句子的部分倒裝。因此排除A、B。又由于realize在left之后，故不用過去完成時。COPERNICUS’REVOLUTIONARYTHEORYNicolausCopernicuswasfrightenedandhismindwasconfused.Althoughhehadtriedtoignorethem，allhismathematicalcalculationsledtothesameconclusion:thattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.YethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.They譯文助讀believedGodhadmadetheworldandforthatreasontheearthwasspecialandmustbethecentreofthesolarsystem.Theproblemarosebecauseastronomershadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop，movebackwardandthengoforwardinaloop.Othersappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothers.Thiswasverystrangeiftheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemandallplanetswentroundit.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardabouttheseproblemsandtriedtofindananswer.Hehadcollectedobservationsofthestarsandusedallhismathematicalknowledgetoexplainthem.Butonlyhisnewtheorycoulddothat.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.In1514heshoweditprivatelytohisfriends.Thechangeshemadetotheoldtheorywererevolutionary.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.Healsosuggestedthattheearthwasspinningasitwentroundthesunandthisexplainedchangesinthemovementoftheplanetsandinthebrightnessofthestars.Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.HedidnotwanttobeattackedbytheChristianChurch，soheonlypublisheditashelaydyingin1543.Certainlyhewasrighttobecareful.TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheory，sayingitwasagainstGod’sideaandpeoplewhosupporteditwouldbeattacked.YetCopernicus’theoryisnowthebas