美國文學簡史-序言-introduction

AmericanLiteraturePartI.IntroductionBooks:

ASurveyofAmericanLiterature(goodandauthoritativebook)byChangYaoxinandSelectedReadingsinAmericanLiteraturebyChangYaoxinarecoursebooks.References:

1.常耀信.《漫話英美文學》(南開大學出版社，2004),2.吳偉仁.《美國文學史及選讀》(外語教學與研究出版社，1990),3.楊豈深，龍文佩.《美國文學選讀》(譯文出版社，1985),4.左金梅.《美國文學》(青島海洋出版社,2000),5.李公昭.《20世紀美國文學導論》(西安交通大學出版社，2000).

Requirement:Gradeofthiscourseincludesthegradeofdailyperformance(30%)andthegradeoffinalexamination(70%).Thegradeofdailyperformancewillbegivenaccordingtothefollowingitems:in-classbehavior(25%),includingquestion-answering,groupdiscussionandroleplay;homeworkandattendance.

(5%).BasicQualitiesofAmericanWritersIndependentIndividualisticCriticalInnovativeHumorousPartII.TheperiodsofAmericanliteratureThecolonialperiod(about1607-1765)PuritanismFeatures:文學體裁：a、narrativesb、journals寫作內(nèi)容：1）theirvoyagetothenewland2)Adaptingthemselvestounfamiliarclimatesandcrops3)AboutdealingwithIndians4)Guidetothenewland,invitationtoboldspirit清教徒的思想：1）puritanwanttomakeuppuretheirreligiousbeliefsandpractices凈化信仰和行為方式2)Wish

torestoresimplicitytochurchandtheauthorityoftheBibletothetheology.重建教堂，提供簡單服務，建立神圣地位3）lookuponthemselvesaschosenpeople,anditfollowlogicallythatanyonewhochallengedtheirwayoflifeisopposingGod'swillandisnottobeaccepted.認為自己是上帝選民，對他們的生活有異議就是反對上帝4）puritanoppositiontopleasureandtheartssometimeshasbeenexaggerated.反對對快樂和藝術的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religiousteachingtendedtoemphasizetheimageofawrathfulGod.強調(diào)上帝嚴厲的一面，忽視上帝仁慈的一面。TheperiodofEnlightenmentandtheIndependenceWar(1765-1800)BenjaminFranklin（1706—1790）

PoorRichard'sAlmanac“TheWaytoWealth

TheAutobiography3.Theromanticperiod(1800-1865)1、Environment:1)shapedbytheirNewWorldenvironment2）arrayofideasinheritedfromtheromantictraditonsofEurope2：features:frequentlysharedcertaingeneralcharacteristics,moralenthusiasm,faithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperception,andapresumptionthatthenaturalworldwasasourceofcorruption.“NewEnglandTranscendentalism”or“AmericanRenaissance(1836-1855)”EmersonThoreauWashingtonIrvingTheearlyromanticism4.Therealisticperiod(1865-1914)

一、Background1）Mechanization機器化2）Urbanization城市化3）Industrialization工業(yè)化4）Federalgovernment(race種族平等進入憲法）標志著馬克·吐溫的《鍍金時代》開始5）Railwaysystem工業(yè)化的一大標志，電力和石油的應用二、文化