中考英語(yǔ)專題代詞

PAGEPAGE4代詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練【考點(diǎn)直擊】1.人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及其主要用法；2.名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞的形式、區(qū)別及其主要用法；3反身代詞的形式、意義及其主要用法；4常見(jiàn)不定代詞的一般用法；5.指示代詞的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；6.相互代詞的基本用法；7.疑問(wèn)代詞的基本用法。8.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法。

【名師點(diǎn)睛】代詞是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。

一.人稱代詞

1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格，如下表所示。2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語(yǔ)，賓格作賓語(yǔ)。如：

Iliketabletennis.（作主語(yǔ)）Doyouknowhim?（作賓語(yǔ)）3.人稱代詞還可作表語(yǔ)。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)用賓格。如：Whosisknockingatthedoor?It’sme.4.人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用主格和賓格都可以。如：Heisolderthanme.HeisolderthanIam.

二.物主代詞

1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，如下表所示。2.形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語(yǔ)。例如：

Ourteacheriscomingtoseeus.

Thisisherpencil-box.

3.名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。

Ourschoolishere,andtheirsisthere.（作主語(yǔ)）

IsthisEnglish-bookyours?（作表語(yǔ)）

No.Mineisinmybag.

I'vealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?（作賓語(yǔ)）

三.指示代詞

指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。1.this和these一般用來(lái)指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時(shí)間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人，例如：

Thisisapenandthatisapencil．

Wearebusythesedays．

Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime．2.有時(shí)that和those指前面講到過(guò)的事物，this和these則是指下面將要講到的事物，例如：

Ihadacold.That'swhyIdidn'tcome.

WhatIwanttosayisthis;pronunciationisveryimportantinlearningEnglish．3.有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，?？捎胻hat或those代替，例如：

TelevisionsetsmadeinBeijingarejustasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai．

4.this在電話用語(yǔ)中代表自己，that則代表對(duì)方。例如：Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?四.反身代詞

英語(yǔ)中用來(lái)表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我們自己"，"你們自己"等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，也有人稱之為自身代名詞，其形式如表所示。

反身代詞可以在句中作賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)。1.作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)人That'sallfortoday.(作表語(yǔ))Whynoteatall(of)thefish?(作賓語(yǔ))Alltheleadersarehere.(作定語(yǔ))2）both作代詞。①與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個(gè)都”。LucyandLilybothagreewithus.Theybothpassedontheirsticksatthesametime.Howareyourparents?They'rebothfine.②與“of+代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示“兩者都”。BothofthemcametoseeMary.Bothofthebooksareveryinteresting.③單獨(dú)使用，表示“兩者（都）”。Michaelhastwosons.Bothareclever.Idon'tknowwhichbookisthebetter,Ishallreadboth.3）both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。Bothhisyoungersistersareourclassmates..Therearetalltreesonbothsidesofthestreet.六.相互代詞

表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫做相互代詞。相互代詞有eachother和oneanother兩種形式。在當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)中，eachother和oneanother沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。相互代詞可在句中作賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)，相互代詞用所有格形式。

Weshouldlearnfromeachother/oneanother.（作賓語(yǔ)）

Doyouoftenwritetoeachother/oneanother?（作賓語(yǔ)）

Weoftenborroweachother's/oneanother'sbooks.（作定語(yǔ)）

Thestudentscorrectedeachother's/oneanother'smistakesintheirhomework.（作定語(yǔ)）七.疑問(wèn)代詞

疑問(wèn)代詞有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑問(wèn)代詞用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。例如：Whoisgoingtocomeheretomorrow?（作主語(yǔ)）Whatisthat?(作表語(yǔ))Whoseumbrellaisthis?(作定語(yǔ))Whomareyouwaitingfor?(作賓語(yǔ))八.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞是一種引導(dǎo)從句并起連接主句和從句作用的代詞。關(guān)系代詞有who,whose,whom,that,which.它們?cè)诰渲锌捎米髦髡Z(yǔ),表語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),定語(yǔ).在主句中,它們還代表著從句所修飾的那個(gè)名詞或代詞。例如：Ihatepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.I’mlookingatthephotographwhichyousentmewithyourletter.Withthemoneythathehadsaved,hewentonwithhisstudies.Doyouknowtheladywhoisinterviewingourheadmaster?【實(shí)例解析】1.Mary,pleaseshow________yourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID.me2.What’sonTVtonight?Isthere_________interesting?I’mafraidnot.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything3.________ofthemhashisownopinion.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each4.Whereismypen?Oh,sorry.Ihavetaken_______bymistake.A.yoursB.hisC.mineD.hers【中考演練】一.單項(xiàng)填空1.Tom,Pleasepass________theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.A.youB.meC.himD.her2.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Thereare______newwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few3.Youwant________sandwich?Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenI’mhungry.A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother4.ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreofothersthan_______.A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.theirs5.Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?______________,thanks.I’dlikeacupoftea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None6.Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.Nevermind.Youcanhave________.A.usB.oursC.youD.yours7.CanIcomethiseveningortomorrowmorning?_______isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None8.Howareyougoingtoimprove_______thisterm?Workharderthanlastterm.A.ourselvesB.myselfC.himselfD.yourself9.Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor?--Hercousin,Susan.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which10.Is_______here?No.LiLeiandHanMeihaveaskedforleave.A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody11.Paulhas_______friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more12.Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,you’llhavetopay______$30.A.moreB.otherC.theotherD.another13.Doyoulivebyyourself,MrWang?Yes.Ihavetwosons.But______ofthemliveswithme.TheyarenowstudyinginAmerica?A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.either14.HaveyousentyourparentsanE-mailtellingthemyouarrivedsafe?No._______ofthemcanuseacomputer.A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All15.Whotaught_______Englishlastterm?Was_____Mr.Smith?A.you;itB.you;heC.your;itD.your;that16.Thatwomanhasabaginherrighthand.What’sinher_____hand?A.anotherB.otherC.oneD.theother17.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof_______.A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourselves18.Isthereabustothezoo?I’mafraidthere’s_______bustothezoo.A.noB.anyC.someD.none19.Youforgotyourdictionary?Youmayhave_______.A.meB.myC.mineD.myself20.Thisis______classroom.Whereis_______?A.our;themB.us;theyC.our;theirsD.ours;theirs二.用所給代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thisisnotmypencil-box._______(I)isinthebag.2.Treesareplantedin______(we)countryeveryyear,whichmakesourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful.3.IsthatbikeMissGao’s?Yes,itis______(she).Beautiful,isn’tit?4.Help______(you)tosomefruit,Jack.5.Whotaughtyourbrothertosurf?Nobody.Helearntallby_______(he).6.TheirEnglishteacherisfromAmerica,but______(we)isfromEngland.7.Mary’sanswerisdifferentfrom________(I).8.Mywatchkeepsgoodtime.Whatabout_______(you)?Mine?Oh,twominutesslow.9.Samismybrother.Doyouliketoplaywith______(he)?10.Didyouenjoy_______(you),MaryandKate?三.用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空1.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisaworker,_______isateacher.2.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning;somelikeswimming;_______likeballgames.3.Let’sgoandhaveadrink.We’vegot_______timebeforethetrainleaves.4.Wewereallverytired,but_______ofuswouldliketohavearest.5.______ofthetwinsareinourclass.6.Boys,don’ttouchthemachines,oryoumayhurt_______.7.Itissaidthereisgoingtobe________importantintheCCTVnews.8.Wecouldn’tbuyanythingbecause_______oftheshopsopenedatthattime.9.Theydidn’tlearn_______newinthisle