英語句子的種類及練習課件

英語句子的種類及練習課件英語句子的種類及練習課件英語句子的種類及練習課件一、句子種類兩種分類法(一)、按句子的用途可分四種：1、陳述句（肯定、否定）：Heissixyearsold;Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2、疑問句（一般、特殊、選擇、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,can’tshe?3、祈使句：Becareful,boys;Don’ttalkinclass4、感嘆句：Howclevertheboyis!一、句子種類兩種分類法(一)、按句子的用途可分四種：1、陳述句（肯定、否定）：Heissixyearsold;Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2、疑問句（一般、特殊、選擇、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,can’tshe?3、祈使句：Becareful,boys;Don’ttalkinclass4、感嘆句：Howclevertheboyis!1、陳述句說明一個事實或陳述一個看法，有肯定式和否定式，語序是主語在前，謂語在后。 Shearrivedearly. Shecannothavearrivednow.注：1）半否定句 Ihardlyknowanythingaboutit.2）部分否定句與全否定句 Idon’tlikeboththefilms. IlikeneitherCathynorMary.3)否定轉(zhuǎn)移 Idon’tthinkitwillbeverycoldtoday.(believe,expect,suppose,imagine)2、疑問句（1）疑問句的主要交際功能是提出問題，詢問情況。分為一般疑問句、選擇疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句。(2)、疑問句的分類1）一般疑問句

用來詢問一件事，答案通常是yes或no，注意語序。 Haveyouanythingtosay? Didsomeonephonemelastnight? 否定疑問句Can’tyouunderstandit?Isn’titabeautifullake?---Haven’tyoubeentotheUK?---No,Ihaven’t.2）特殊疑問句1.特殊疑問句的定義;以特殊疑問詞開頭，對句中某一成分提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。常用的疑問詞有：whatwhowhomwhosewhichwhenwherehowwhy等。2.特殊疑問句有兩種語序（1）陳述語序Whowasthefirstmaninspace?（2）倒裝語序Whomareyoutalkingabout?注：A、簡略式Whynotgoalone?Whygetsoangry?How/Whatabouttakingarest?B、復雜特殊疑問句Whatdoyou

think

hehasdone?

3）選擇疑問句選擇疑問句（alternativequestions）一般提出兩種或兩種以上的可能，問對方選擇哪一種。其結(jié)構(gòu)可用一般疑問句，也可用特殊疑問句，供選擇的兩部分由or連接，前者用升調(diào)，后者用降調(diào)，如：

Willyougotherebybusorbytrain？

Whatwouldyoulike，coffeeortea？

(1)以一般疑問句為基礎(chǔ)Isheateacheroradoctororapoliceman? ShallIhelpyouorcanyoumanage?(2)以特殊疑問句為基礎(chǔ) Whichdoyouprefer,redwineorwhite?Howshallwegothere?Bybusorbytrain?(3)ornot構(gòu)成的選擇疑問句

Doyouwanttobuyitornot？

4)：反意疑問句

A、含義：

在一個陳述句之后附上一個簡短的疑問句，對陳述句提出相反的疑問，這種疑問句叫反意疑問句。如：

1.He

is

clever,isn’the?2.WespeakChinese,don’twe?B、結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)一：前肯，+后否eg.Heisclever,isn’the?結(jié)構(gòu)二：前否，+后肯eg.Heisn’tclever,ishe?

結(jié)構(gòu)一：前肯，+后否

Be動詞：

1.Youareanactor,_____________?2.Heisagoodboy,______________?3.Itwasfineyesterday,__________?4.YouwerestudyingwhenIcalledyoulastnight,_______________?5.Sheisgoingtovisitme,_________?

6.IamChinese,____________?aren’tyouisn’thewasn’titweren’tyouisn’tshearen’tI行為動詞：

1.Itoftenrainshere,___________?2.Helikessoccer,_____________?3.Youhaveaheadache,__________?4.Icalledyouyesterday,_________?其它動詞：

1.YouwillgotoAmerica,_________?2.WehaveeverbeentoShanghai,_______________?doesn’titdoesn’thedon’tyoudidn’tIwon’tyouhaven’tweC、特殊用法(一）1.Hismotherisadoctor,__________?2.Thedogsarefighting,____________?

Thereisaboyinourclassroom,______________?4.Thereweremanycarsinthestreet,_________________?5.Therewillberobotsinourfamilies,______________?isn’tshearen’ttheyisn’tthereweren’ttherewon’tthere三、特殊用法(二）

6.Sitdownplease,_______________?7.Pleasecallme,_________________?8.Let’sgohome,________________?9.Letusgohome,________________?10.Letmesee,__________________?will/won’tyoushall/shan’twewill/won’tyouwill/won’tyouwill/won’tyou結(jié)構(gòu)二：前否，+后肯1.Youaren’tanactor,__________?2.Heisn’tagoodboy,___________?3.Itwasn’tfineyesterday,________?4.Itdoesn’trainhere,__________?5.Hissisterdoesn’thaveaheadache,_____________?6.Youdidn’tcallmeyesterday,____________?areyouishedoesitdoesshewasitdidyou7.Youwon’tgotoU.S.A.,__________?8.Thereisn’taboyinourclassroom,_____________?9.Thereweren’tmanycarsinthestreet,______________?10.Don’tsmoke,____________?11.Don’tlet’sdoit,____________？willyouisthereweretherewillyoushallwe3、祈使句表達命令、要求、請求、勸告等，用原形。1）帶第二人稱的祈使句Bequiet,please.Don’tmakeanynoise!

Youcallataxi.Don’tyouforgetit.(強調(diào))Givemeahand,will/won’t/would/wouldn't’you?2）帶第一、三人稱的祈使句Letmetryagain.Let’sgo.Letusgo.Let’snotsayanythingaboutit./Don’tlet’ssay…Lethimbehereby10o’clock.

注意：1、加強語氣Dobecarefulofmybrokenleg.Doletmehaveanothertry.2、祈使句的省略式A:ShallIopenthewindow?B:Yes,pleasedo./No,pleasedon’t.A:Shallwewatchthegame?B:Yes,let’s.4、“感嘆句”所謂感嘆句，就是用來表達喜怒哀樂等強烈感情的句子。Whatagoodtimewehadlastnight!Whatinterestingfilms!Whatfineweatherwehavetoday!Howfoolishsheis!Howclearlyyouspeak!Howcleveraboyheis!A、感嘆句的句式

感嘆句一般由what或how開頭，句末加感嘆號“！”。What修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞。一）以what開頭的感嘆句1.“What+a(an)+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+(主語+謂語)！”如：Whatacleverboy(heis)!Whatapity!2.“What+形容詞+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+（主語+謂語）！”如：Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!3.“What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+（主語+謂語）！”如：Whatfreshmilk(itis)!Whatfun!二）以how開頭的感嘆句

1.“How+形容詞+主語+謂語！”如：

Howbeautifulthegirlis!2.“How+形容詞+a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+（主語+謂語）+……！”如：

Howgoodanexamplehesetforus!3.“How+副詞+主語+謂語！”如：

Howfastheruns!

4.“How+主語+謂語！”如：

Howtimeflies!B、陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句的方法把一個陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句時，常使用“一分二加三換位四去掉”的方法。具體步驟為：第一步：“一分”，即在謂語動詞后面劃一雙豎線，使句子分為兩部分。如：Heis‖averyhonestboy.他是一個誠實的孩子。LiLeiworks‖veryhard.李雷學習很刻苦。第二步：“二加”

即如果第二部分的中心詞是名詞，就加上what；

如果是形容詞或副詞，就加上how.如：

Heis‖(what)averyhonestboy.

LiLeiworks‖(how)veryhard.

第三步：“三換位”

即把第一部分與第二部分互換位置，句號換位感嘆號。如：

Whataveryhonestboyheis!

HowveryhardLiLeiworks!

第四步：“四去掉”

即原陳述句中含有very,too等程度副詞時，在變成感嘆句時要去掉。

以上兩個句子就應該變?yōu)橐韵滦问剑?/p>

Whatanhonestboyheis!

HowhardLiLeiworks!C、特殊形式的感嘆句一）在陳述句或疑問句句尾加感嘆號，表示某種強烈的感情。如：Heisakind-heartedman!Haveyoueverreadsuchaninterestingbookbefore!二）用詞或短語表示的感嘆句。如：Wonderful!妙極了！Goodidea!好主意！Welldone!干得好！Great!棒極了！D.感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)換what與how引導的感嘆句，一般情況下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)換后意義不變。如：Whataninterestingstoryitis!=Howinterestingthestoryis!

whatabeautifulbuildingitis!=Howbeautifulthebuildingis!Exercise:一。用How,What(a/an)填空1.____aheavybox!2.____heavytheboxis!3.____hardwork!4.____hardtheworkis!5.____wonderfulthefilmis!6.____awonderfulfilm!________deliciousfooditis!________interestingfilm!_________badweather!_________goodday!________talltheboyis!_________goodnewsitis!_________beautifulclothestheyare!_________niceteacherheis!_________niceTomis!_________hardwork!_________hardjob!WhatWhatanWhatWhataHowWhatWhatWhataHowWhatWhataExercise:二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Whataheavyrain!______therainis!2.Howinterestingtheboyis!______interestingboy!(二)、按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：簡單句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)復合句(complexsentence)1.簡單句(simplesentence)只包含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)Mary

openedthedoor.兩個主語和一個謂語Steveandhisfriendarecomingtodinner.一個主語和兩個謂語Maryopenedthedoorandgreetedtheguests.

簡單句的五種基本句型(1)主語+連系動詞+表語(S+V+P)Theweatherisverycold.

(2)主語+不及物動詞(S+Vi)+advHelaughed.

(3)主語+及物動詞+賓語(S+Vt+O)Ilike

Chinesefood.

PViVtO(4)主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+Vt+IO+DO)Shetaughtthem

physics.(5)主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語(S+Vt+O+C)Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.IODOC請說出下列句子類型。1.Summeriscoming.2.Theywon’tletmego.3.HeshowedmeanewTVset.4.Sheknowswhattodo.5.Theweatherisverycold.S+ViS+V+CS+V+IO+DOS+V+OS+V+PS+V+P

S+Vi

S+Vt+O

S+Vt+IO+DO

S+Vt+O+C2.并列句(compoundsentence):把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來，則成為一個并列句。

IturnedontheTV.Iwatchedit.

IturnedontheTVand

watchedit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.

Iboughtmysisterapresent,but

shedidn’tlikeit.

并列句并列句常用并列連詞

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列連詞:轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞：因果并列連詞:

選擇并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…norbut,however,while,yet,whenfor,so,thereforeor,otherwise,either…or并列句的分類1、Theteacher’snameisSmith,andthestudent’snameisJohn. 2、Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.

3、Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriceharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.1.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforharvesting,________everydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.2.Heisabasketballfan,____hiswifeisavolleyballfan.3.Honeyissweet,_____thebeestings.4.Don’tbelate,______thereisameeting.5.Hurryup,____you’llbelate.6.Heworkshard______hisbrotherisalazybone.7.HewasenjoyinghisKFC_____afriendcame.練習一：用連詞填空soandbutfororwhilewhen請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.Hewastired,sohewenttobed.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,buthedidn’tkeepit.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.3.復合句:主句+從句主句是一個完整的句子(independentsentence),它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在.Bythetimehearrived,

1wehadalreadyleft.

2請指出該復合句的主句和從句部分。從句主句在復合句中，主要包含以下類型從句：1.主語從句2.賓語從句3.表語從句4.同位語從句5.狀語從句6.定語從句中學生英文寫作中經(jīng)常使用的從句有：賓語從句狀語從句定語從句指出下列各從句的類型：Ihopethateverythingisallright.ShewasreadingthenewspaperwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.賓語從句狀語從句定語從句Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)請用括號中所給的詞把每組句子連接為一個復合句。Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.請把每組句子連接為一個含有狀語從句復合句。

I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.(時間狀語從句)Hedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因狀語從句)Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.(結(jié)果狀語從句)We’llgotothegreatwall.It’sfinetomorrow.(條件狀語從句)Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(讓步狀語從句)I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwallifit’sfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.有下劃線的詞叫從屬連詞(subordinatingconjunction)9種狀語從句即用作狀語的分句,可作下列狀語：1、時間（after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,whenever,aslongas,assoonas;themoment,everytime,nexttime;nosooner…than,hardly…when）；2、地點（where,wherever）；3、方式（as,asif,asthough）；4、程度/比較（as…as,more…than,）；5、原因（because,since,as,nowthat,that）；6、結(jié)果（,sothat,so…that,such…that）；7、目的（sothat,inorderthat,incase）；8、條件（if,unless）；9、讓步（though,although,evenif,eventhough,so,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,however,nomatterhow,whether）。并列復合句

即并列連詞連接了帶從句的并列句。Englishiswidelyusedintheworld,butChinahasthelargestnumberofpeoplewhospeakChinese.請用所學知識改正下列病句

Myroommatewassleeping,wedidn’twanttowakeherup.Iwenttobed.BecauseIwastired.Myroommatewassleeping.Wedidn’twanttowakeherup.Myroommatewassleeping,sowedidn’twanttowakeherup.IwenttobedbecauseIwastired.練習二、簡單句、并列句和復合句一、判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句還是復合句：1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere?4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.簡單句復合句簡單句簡單句5.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.6.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.7.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.8.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit?9.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.10.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.并列句復合句并列句復合句簡單句簡單句三、選擇填空：1.Givemeonemoreminute____I’llbeabletofinishit. A.and B.or C.if D.so2.It’sthethirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,____? A.hasn’the B.isn’theC.isn’tit D.hasn’tit3.____joyfulhewastomeethisbrotheragain! A.How B.What C.Whata D.Whatan4.Letuspass,____? A.shan’twe B.shallwe C.won’twe D.willyou5.Isupposehe’sserious,____? A.doI B.don’tI C.ishe D.isn’the6.Youhadbetternotsmokehere,____? A.willyou B.hadyou C.shallyou D.haveyou7.Trainashardasyoucan____you’llwintheswimmingcompetition. A.then B.but C.and D.or8.I’msorrytohavetosaythis,____youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight. A.and B.but C.so D.because9.Johnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and____.A.Henryhasn’ttooB.HenryalsohasnoteitherC.neitherHenryhasD.neitherhasHenry10.Therearemanysportsloversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,____othersenjoyswimming. A.or B.for C.while D.so11.----Doyoufeellikegoingout____wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome?----I’dliketogoout. A.or B.and C.but D.so12.----“____isthetemperaturetoday?” ----“It’s38degrees.” A.Which B.How C.Howhot D.Howhigh13.----Youruncleisn’tanengineer,ishe? ----____. A.Yes,heisn’t B.No,heisn’t C.No,heis D.Heis14.____friendly____toeveryone! A.How,isshe B.What,isshe C.How,sheis D.What,sheis15.Marywenttobedearly,____shefeltverytired. A.or B.so C.for D.yet16.Mother____adresswhenshecutherfinger. A.wasmaking B.makes C.ismaking D.made17.Helayinbed____readsomethingborrowedfromlibrary. A.but B.and C.or D.yet18.----I’dreallylikesomelunchbutIhavesomuchworktodo.----____whatyouwantandIcangetitforyou. A.Tellme B.Ifyouwouldsaytome C.YouwilltellmeD.Ifyoutellme19.Asheisstrong,____canliftonehundredpounds. A.yethe B.buthe C.and D.he20.----Ithoughtyouhadanumbrella. ----Ihad,____I’velostit. A.since B.but C.because D.so21.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom. A.Turning B.Toturn C.Turned D.Turn22.----Idon’tlikechicken____fish. ----Idon’tlikechicken____Ilikefishverymuch. A.and,and B.and,but C.or,and D.or,but23.----Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight? ----I’dliketo,____I’mtoobusy. A.and B.so C.as D.but24.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee____shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway? A.and B.then C.or D.otherwise25.Shesetoutsoonafterdark____homeanhourlater. A.arriving B.toarrive C.havingarrived D.andarrived26.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid____tothenotice. A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrily C.angrilypointed D.andangrilypointed27.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,____,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter. A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while28.____itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando. A.Whenleft B.Leaving C.Ifyouleave D.Leave29.----Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,____? ----ButIfedityesterday. A.doyou B.willyou C.didn’tyou D.don’tyou30.____himandthentrytocopywhathedoes. A.Mind B.Glanceat C.Stareat D.Watch四、按要求完成下列句子：1.Hedarestotellthetruth.（改為否定句）2.Theyhavelivedhereformorethantenyears.（對畫線部分提問）3.Therewillbeasportsmeetattheendofthismonth,____________?（完成反意疑問）won’tthereHowlonghavetheylivedhere?Hedoesn’tdaretotellthetruth.或Hedarenottellthetruth.4.Youmustbecarefulwithyourpronunciation.（改為祈使句）5.Theywentforawalkaftersupperyesterdayevening.(改為一般疑問句)6.Itisaninterestingstory.（改為感嘆句）Whataninterestingstory(itis)!或Howinterestingthestoryis!Didtheygoforawalkaftersupperyesterdayevening?Becarefulwithyourpronunciation.7.Thismagazinecomesout（出版）everyotherweek.（對畫線部分提問）8.Theycouldhardlybelievehiswords,____________?（完成反意疑問）couldtheyHowoftendoesthismagazinecomeout?9.Themoonisshiningbrightly.（改為感嘆句）10.OurEnglishteacherisalwaysencouragingustospeakEnglishinclass.（對畫線部分提問）10.WhoisalwaysencouragingustospeakEnglishinclass?9.Howbrightlythemoonisshining!Bye-bye!二、判斷下列短文中各句是簡單句、并列句還是復合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（ ）.I'mfine,buttired（ ）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm（ ）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（ ）.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（ ）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（ ）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscolderthe