高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)生作業(yè)手冊(cè)Module4GreatScientists外研版

Module4GreatScientistsⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Obesityisoftenthoughttobethe________(主要的)causeofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.2．Ifawomanisbetter________(教育)，shewillbenefitherfamilyinthefuture.3．Itisthedealer'sdutytorecommendproductsofgood________(質(zhì)量)．4．It'sbetterforthegovernmenttoattachmoreimportancetothe________(最初的)inventionsofallkinds.5．InChinathelargestpartofthepopulationareemployedin________(農(nóng)業(yè))．6．After________(畢業(yè))fromBerkeley，heworkedinanaccountingcompanyasasenioradvisor.7．Beforehewasofferedtheimportantpost，theyoungmanwasaskedtohavea________(身體的)examinationfirst.8．Theengineerwasrequiredtomakea________(簡(jiǎn)潔的)introductiontotheprojecthewasengagedin.9．Withthe________(產(chǎn)量)increasingby20percent，thecompanywillhaveanotherharvestthisyear.10．________(診斷)withkidneyfailure，theyoungmanlostthehopeoflivingonintheworld.答案：Ⅱ.完成句子1．他希望靠賣飲料來(lái)謀生。Hehopesto_______________________drinks.2．由于交通阻塞，他開會(huì)遲到了。Hewaslateforthemeeting___________________atrafficjam.3．他太幸運(yùn)了，能夠從那輛燃燒的汽車中逃出來(lái)。Heisluckyenoughto__________________the________bus.4．濟(jì)南作為“泉城”因?yàn)樗?2泉而為我們所知。Jinanis________________________________us________“QuanCity”________its72springs.5．這房間由廚房改成了廁所。Theroom______________________________________akitchen________alavatory.答案：hislivingbysellingaresultoffrom;burningto;as;forconvertedfrom；toⅢ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Menusuallygo________towhattheywantandleavequicklywhenshopping.A．slight B．lightC．straight D．strict答案：C考查副詞與形容詞辨析。A、B、D三項(xiàng)都是形容詞，而此處需要的是副詞，修飾前面的動(dòng)詞go，所以選C。straight既是形容詞也是副詞，表示“直直的/地”。2．GoghandLeonardodaVinciwereknown________theirartisticachievements.A．a(chǎn)s B．toC．for D．in答案：Cbeknownas“作為……而出名”；beknownfor“因?yàn)椤雒?；beknownto“為……所知”。句意：梵高和萊奧納多·達(dá)芬奇都是因?yàn)樗麄兊乃囆g(shù)成就而出名。3．There's________needtobansmokingas________resultofthegreatlossithascaused.A．/;a B．a(chǎn);aC．the;the D．the;a答案：B考查冠詞。there'saneedtodosth.“有必要做某事”；asaresultof“由于”。4．(2022·銀川一中模擬)—Mum,Ihavefinishedmyhomework.—Oh.Ifyou________nottodisturbme,youcanwatchTV.A．offerB．supportC．guarantee D．want答案：C句意：——媽媽，我已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了?！?，如果你保證不打擾我，你可以看電視。offer“提供”；support“支持”；guarantee“保證”；want“想”。由句意可知選C。5．He________hisdutiesnextweek.A．bringsup B．setsupC．picksup D．takesup答案：D句意：他下周就要開始履行職責(zé)。bringup“教育，提出，培養(yǎng)”；setup“建立”；pickup“獲得，撿起”；takeup“開始從事，占據(jù)”。由句意可知選D。6．________YuanLongping'sdiscoveries，Chinesericeproductionrosebypercentinthe1990s.A．Asaresult B．AsaresultofC．Asaconsequence D．Asconsequenceof答案：B考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：由于袁隆平的發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)的水稻產(chǎn)量在20世紀(jì)90年代上升了%。asaresultof由于……的結(jié)果；asaresult/consequence因此，結(jié)果。D項(xiàng)短語(yǔ)不完整，應(yīng)為asaconsequenceof“由于；作為……的結(jié)果”。7．(北京市西城區(qū)2022－2022學(xué)年度高三測(cè)試)Webelievethetimeandhardwork________incompletingsuchanimportantprojectareworthwhile.A．involving B．involvedC．toinvolve D．havinginvolved答案：B考查過去分詞作定語(yǔ)。involvedin意為“涉及到”。句意為：“我們相信涉及到完成如此重要的工程的時(shí)間與工作都是值得的?！?．Thereisnomuchtimeleft，soI'lltellyouaboutit________.A．indetail B．inbriefC．inshort D．inall答案：B考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所剩時(shí)間不多了，所以我將簡(jiǎn)短地告訴你這件事。indetail詳細(xì)地；inbrief簡(jiǎn)短地；inshort總之；inall總共。9．(2022·北京模擬)Shegotthephotosofherson________upnexttoherdesksothatshecouldseethemwhenevershemissedhim.A．topin B．pinningC．beingpinned D．pinned答案：D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：她將兒子的照片釘在桌邊以便于自己想念兒子時(shí)能看看這些照片。動(dòng)詞get通常可以用“get＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”的形式，其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞，根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境，pin與photos之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞。10．Whattheyoungmancan't________isthathismumalwaystreatshimlikeababy.A．support B．undertakeC．hold D．bear答案：D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：令那個(gè)年輕人不能忍受的是媽媽總是把他當(dāng)小孩子看待。support支持；undertake承擔(dān)，從事，承諾；hold控制，擁有，持有，保留；bear承受，忍受。11．WhenIwasinBeijinglastyear，Isawthefamouspopstar________inthestreet.A．byaccident B．bychangeC．byaccent D．withchance答案：A考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：去年我在北京的時(shí)候，我在街上偶然看到了這位著名的流行歌星。byaccident偶然地，意外地。12．Thesolarcellcan________theenergyofsunlightintoelectricenergy.A．construct B．convertC．conserve D．convey答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：太陽(yáng)能電池能把陽(yáng)光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。construct建造，創(chuàng)立；convert轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；conserve保存，節(jié)約；convey傳遞，傳達(dá)。13．Theleft-wingpartyinthecountry________in1992，andsincethenboththeemploymentandthepeople'swelfarehavebeenimprovedgreatly.A．cametopower B．wasinpowerC．comeintopower D．isinpower答案：A考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：左翼黨派1992年開始在這個(gè)國(guó)家掌權(quán)，從那以后，就業(yè)和人們的福利狀況已經(jīng)有了很大提高。cometopower開始執(zhí)政，當(dāng)權(quán)，表示動(dòng)作，不與時(shí)間段短語(yǔ)連用，故A項(xiàng)正確；而wasinpower表狀態(tài)；C、D兩項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)。14．DuetotheheavyfloodinThailand，largequantitiesofsupplies________indesperateneedintheflood-strickenareanow.A．is B．a(chǎn)reC．hasbeen D．hadbeen答案：B考查主謂一致。句意：由于泰國(guó)境內(nèi)嚴(yán)重的洪水，洪災(zāi)地區(qū)目前急需大量物資?！發(fā)argequantitiesof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)，句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故本題正確選項(xiàng)為B。15．—Shallwegotohaveapicnicintheopenairthisweekend?—________.Iwanttorelax,forI'mtootiredthesedays.A．Ofcoursewecan B．Itcouldn'tbebetterC．Ifyoulike D．It'suptoyou答案：B句意：——這個(gè)周末我們?nèi)敉庖安秃脝?？——再好不過了，這些天我太累了，想放松一下。Itcouldn'tbebetter“那再好不過了”，故選B。Ofcoursewecan是針對(duì)別人的請(qǐng)求所做的肯定回答；Ifyoulike“如果你愿意”；It'suptoyou“由你決定”。Ⅳ.完形填空ThefamousscientistAlbertEinsteindiedin1955.His__1__nowisinthecentralstateofKansasoftheU．S..Itbelongstoaretired(退休的)__2__doctor,ThomasHarvey.__3__didthishappen?Andwhy?Inthe1950s,AlbertEinsteinandThomasHarvey__4__eachotherwhentheybothlivedinPrinceton,NewJersey.EinsteinwasworkingatPrincetonUniversity__5__DoctorHarveywasworkingatPrincetonHospital.WhenEinsteindied,DoctorHarveywas__6__toexaminehisbody.Itwasthenthathestartedtostudy__7__hasbecomealongtimeexaminationofEinstein'sbrain.Hisgoalwasto__8__somephysicalevidence(證據(jù))ofthescientist'sgenius(才華)．DoctorHarvey,__9__，didnottellEinstein'sfamilythathe__10__thegreatman'sbrain.Itwasonlylater__11__thefamilylearnedofDoctorHarvey'swork.Theydidnot__12__theideaatfirst.AfterDoctorHarveyexplainedhisideatothem,theyagreedto__13__himtostudythebrain.DoctorHarveythenasked__14__scientiststohelp.Theycutthebrain__15__threepieces.Theymarkedeachpiecebeforeplacingitincontainers__16__chemicalformaldehyde(甲醛)toprotectit.DoctorHarveyhasbeen__17__Einstein'sbrainsincethen.Hehascarrieditwithhimashemovedfromplacetoplace.Hehasalsolentpartsofthebraintootherscientists__18__study.Onlyoneresearcherhasfoundsomething__19__.AdoctorattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthattheleftpartofEinstein'sbrainhasmorecertaincells(細(xì)胞)than__20__.Suchcellsareknowntofeedbrain.Thismaymeanthatthecellscouldaffectintelligence.1． B．heartC．brain D．head答案：C從后文可知是愛因斯坦的大腦被保存在美國(guó)的Kansas州。2． B．chemicalC．natural D．medical答案：D一個(gè)退休的醫(yī)學(xué)博士。3． B．HowC．Who D．Which答案：B這是怎么回事呢？4． B．recognizedC．learned D．knew答案：D兩個(gè)人都住在普林斯頓城，因此互相認(rèn)識(shí)。5． B．becauseC．while D．since答案：Cwhile表示對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“然而”。6．on B．calledatC．sentup D．sentoff答案：Acallon此處意為“要求(某人做某事)”。7． B．howC．that D．what答案：Dstudy后是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。8． B．discoverC．prove D．examine答案：B他的目的是從身體方面找出愛因斯坦聰明的證據(jù)。9． B．thereforeC．thus D．however答案：D由上下文語(yǔ)境可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用副詞however。10． B．soldC．kept D．made答案：C但他并沒有告訴愛因斯坦的家人他保存著他的大腦。11． B．whenC．before D．a(chǎn)fter答案：A強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itwas...that...。12．of B．likeC．suggest D．offer答案：B當(dāng)愛因斯坦的家人知道此事后，開始他們是不認(rèn)同這個(gè)主意的。13． B．letC．have D．permit答案：D后來(lái)他們同意讓他研究愛因斯坦的大腦。14．two B．twootherC．moretwo D．twoanother答案：B“另外兩個(gè)科學(xué)家”，用twootherscientists或anothertwoscientists。15． B．byC．into D．a(chǎn)bout答案：Cothreepieces“把……切成三塊”。16． B．a(chǎn)boutC．of D．with答案：Dwith此處意為“帶有，裝有”。17． B．studyingC．searching D．selling答案：B全文一直在講“研究”愛因斯坦的大腦。18． B．onC．into D．a(chǎn)bout答案：Aforstudy“以供研究”，for表示目的。19． B．difficultC．particular D．common答案：C有一個(gè)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了特別的東西。20． B．enoughC．usual D．normal答案：D某種細(xì)胞比正常情況下多一些。Ⅴ.閱讀理解NextHalloween，asmallvegetablethatlookslikeapumpkinmayappearinagardennearvegetableisatypeofpepperthatiscalled“Lil'Pumpkin”．It'sveryspecialbecauseithasorange，pumpkin-likefruit.Youmightthinkthatallvegetablesaregrowntoprovidefoodtosomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolorandholidayspiritthattheybringtoarecalled“ornamentals(觀賞性植物)”．JustlikelightsdecorateaChristmastree，theydecorateagarden.Thepepperswerebred(培育)byAgriculturalResearchService(ARS)scientistsJohnStommelandRobertpepperthescientistsdevelopediscalled“PepperJack”．BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackcone-shaped(錐形的)fruit，itmightremindyouofthepopularHalloweentreat“candycorn”．StommelsaysthatvegetablecropssuchaspepperswerefirstwidelygrowninEuropeinthe15ththattime，peoplelikedthesecropsmorebecausetheylookedprettythanbecausetheyprovidedfood.Backthen，whenagardenergrewplantsfordecorationandplantsforfood，thegardenwascalleda“potager”．Anexampleofthisisthelargegardensonthelawns(草坪)ofcastlesandverylargehomeswherekingsandqueensofthoselargeroyalhomeswastheFrenchking'spalaceatVersaillesduringthepalaceisstilltheretoday，andpeoplefromallovertheworldstillgotheretovisitandseethegardens.Today，Stommelsaysusingvegetablesasdecorationsingardenshasbecomepopularagain.Soyoumightbewondering，ifthesepeppersarefordecoration，canpeopleeatthem？Yes，butthefruitfrombothofthesepeppershasasharptaste(kindoflikeonions)．Thesepeppersarescheduledtobecomeavailableinmid-prettypepperscanbegrownincontainersandalsoingardengrowbestwithplentyoflightandwarmtemperatures，Stommelsyas.1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Differentkindsofpeppers.B．Thehistoryofpeppers.C．Pe