Unit 1 Reading 知識(shí)點(diǎn)課件-2023-2024學(xué)年高中英語牛津譯林版(2020)選擇性必修第二冊

Languagepoints

Thetwonewsreportsandthearticlebelowencourageyoutobeacriticalnewsreader.這兩篇新聞報(bào)道和下面的文章鼓勵(lì)你成為一個(gè)批判性的新聞讀者。

批評的，批判性的；關(guān)鍵的；危急的

criticizev.批評；挑剔；評論criticn.評論家；批評家criticallyadv.極為重要地；嚴(yán)重地；批評地◆語塊積累becriticalto對……起到關(guān)鍵的作用

becriticalabout對……挑剔，對……不滿［2021·全國甲卷］AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund，theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500，givingtherhinosa“

（critical）endangered”status.

criticallyBeacriticalnewsreaderFirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire，whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor，spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight，leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.周日晚上的大火被認(rèn)為是從九樓開始的，很快蔓延到整座高層大樓，把高樓層的人們困在里面。para1撲滅被認(rèn)為做了…/besaid/besupposed/bebelieved/beknown/bereported...+tohavedone［2018·北京卷］Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho

（trap）inthemountainsfortwodays.

hadbeentrapped

trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；卡??；絆住；設(shè)圈套n.陷阱，羅網(wǎng)；圈套；困境；◆語塊積累betrappedin困在……中；陷入……中trapsb.into（doing）sth.誘使某人做某事；使某人困于某物中l(wèi)ay/setatrap（forsb.）（給某人）設(shè)下圈套fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套Fearsgrewthatthenumberofdeathscouldreach5，accordingtofigures_________(release)byemergencyservices.根據(jù)應(yīng)急服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)，人們越來越擔(dān)心死亡人數(shù)會(huì)達(dá)到5人。。para1…的數(shù)量released

releasevt.發(fā)布；釋放；松開；發(fā)泄；解除

n.釋放；發(fā)行；排放，泄漏；解除；新電影◆寫出句中release的詞性及詞義④It’ssaidhehasalreadybeenreleasedfromduty.⑤Thenewtradefigureshavejustbeenreleased.⑥AftermyexaminationIhadafeelingofrelease.動(dòng)詞，解除動(dòng)詞，發(fā)布名詞，釋放

Fireenginesandambulances,______(call)at9:30p.m.,reachedthescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefirehadextendedtothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.Thereisconcernthattheconstructioncompanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.截至此時(shí)，火勢已蔓延到十六樓。消防員在晚上11點(diǎn)左右控制住了局面。para1消防車和救護(hù)車calledextendvi.&vt.延伸（距離）；擴(kuò)大；延長；伸展（→extensionn.延長；伸展；延期

·extend指長度、寬度的延伸及時(shí)間的延長；·expand指范圍、體積的擴(kuò)大、膨脹；·spread指物種、疾病、思想、文化等的傳播、延伸。n.建筑，建造；建造物（→constructvt.建造，建筑constructiveadj.建設(shè)性的；積極的）◆語塊積累underconstruction在建造中；正在施工之中

◆說明“under+n.”常表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而且包含被動(dòng)含義，相當(dāng)于進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。underrepair在修理中 underobservation在監(jiān)視中underconsideration在考慮中 undertreatment在治療中underdiscussion在討論中◆單句語法填空①Anewhydro-electricpowerstationis

construction.②Youngpeopleshouldmakeacontributiontothe

（construct）oftheirmotherland.③Shecriticizedmywriting，butinawaythatwasvery

（construct）—Ilearnedalotfromher.under

construction

constructive核心短語(News1)撲滅大火(L1)人們認(rèn)為某人做過某事(L2)人們認(rèn)為某人將做某事...的數(shù)量(L5)此時(shí)，到這時(shí)，到現(xiàn)在(L7)延伸至；擴(kuò)至(L8)使形式處于控制之下(L8)putoutafire辨：（火）熄滅gooutItisthought/believedthatsbdidsth=Sbbethought/believedtohavedonesthItisthought/believedthatsbwilldosth=Sbbethought/believedtodosththenumberof辨：anumberofgetthesituationundercontrolbythistimeextendtoDeadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamageAterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,________(leave)theHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5of_________areinacriticalcondition.para1爆發(fā)許多；十來個(gè)預(yù)估確認(rèn)leaving

whom

◆語塊積累adozen（of）一打 dozensof（=lotsof）許多，很多

◆說明dozen由a，afew，some，many，several及具體數(shù)字修飾時(shí)，dozen用單數(shù)，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。twodozenoftheeggs兩打雞蛋◆單句語法填空Hegavemeadozen

rosesformybirthday.Hewrotealotofnovels，

（dozen）ofwhichwereregardedasmasterpieces.of

dozens

LisaMayer,29,isamongtheluckyoneswhoonlysufferedminorinjuries.Sherecalled,“Iwasabouttohaveabath

______Iheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmokewaschokingme.Itwaslikeanawfuldream.”para1vi.&vt.尖叫；高聲喊；發(fā)出大而尖的聲音n.尖叫，尖銳刺耳的聲音vt.&vi.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激動(dòng)而）說不出話來cry，call，shout，yell等詞也有“喊叫”的含義。when

◆語塊積累chokeback抑制chokeup（因感情激動(dòng)而）哽咽；堵塞choketodeath噎死；窒息而死bechokedwith被……堵塞◆單句語法填空①Somemajorroadsareregularlychoked

trafficinrushhours.②Istoodtheretremblingandtryingtochoke

thetears.③Theworkerquicklyclearedawaythedirtthatwaschoking

thechimney.with

back

up MrPeterson,headofthefiredepartment,confirmsthatadroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireand_____theautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgooffquicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Ateamiscurrentlyinvestigatingtheaccidentfurther.para2警報(bào)響起香煙自動(dòng)的調(diào)查that

譯文:彼得森先生是消防部門負(fù)責(zé)人,他證實(shí),一根掉落在8樓地毯上的香煙頭引發(fā)了這場火災(zāi),______________________________________________。并且自動(dòng)火警警報(bào)沒有及時(shí)響起,未能阻止這場災(zāi)難Longsentenceanalysis.automatic

adj.自動(dòng)的；無意識(shí)的，不假思索的［→automaticallyadv.自動(dòng)地；機(jī)械地auton.汽車（=automobile）］investigate

vt.&vi.偵查，調(diào)查；研究（→investigationn.

調(diào)查investigatorn.調(diào)查者；研究者）核心短語(News2)爆發(fā)；突發(fā)

(L1)很多，許多

(L4)情況危急

(L4)

受輕傷

(L5)就要做某事時(shí)突然

(L6)警報(bào)器/鬧鐘響起;電/燈熄滅；進(jìn)展

(L11)breakoutinacriticalconditioninacriticalconditionsufferminorinjuriesbeabouttodo…when…gooffReadingnewsreportscriticallyWerelyonnewstolearnabout_____ishappeningintheworldaroundus.However,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?para1依靠counton/dependon◆語塊積累comeacross偶然遇見；

comealong（with）（和……）一起去cometo總計(jì)為；達(dá)到……地步；蘇醒 comeout出現(xiàn)；出版；開花comeupwith提出；想出；趕上whenitcomesto...就……而論（to是介詞）◆單句語法填空①Whenwillyouressaycome

?②Afterlisteningtothelecture，hecameup

agoodsolution.③Icame

manynewwordswhilereadingthenovel.④Thefloodcame

asaresultoftheheavyspringrain.出現(xiàn)包括；抑制矛盾的out

with

across

aboutwhat

Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities,whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Let’stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireasanexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Whenwereadmorethanonereport,wecometounderstandaneventinamorecomprehensiveway.para2全面的以...為例優(yōu)先權(quán)；優(yōu)先明智的；可取的priority

n.優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)，首要事情；優(yōu)先權(quán)，重點(diǎn)→prioradj.優(yōu)先的；在前的；更重要的◆語塊積累atoppriority最優(yōu)先考慮的事givepriorityto給……以優(yōu)先權(quán)bepriorto在……之前◆單句語法填空（1）Thingsshouldbetakenupinorderof（prior）.（2）Pleasecheckinhalfanhourprior

departure.priority

to

Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails,aseventsintherealworldareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuch_______(fact)differences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Instead,checkwhenthereports_________(write).Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.para3彼此矛盾就…而言復(fù)雜的即使eventhough觀念連續(xù)不斷地揭露；披露factual

werewritten譯文:___________________________________,它們在事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)方面也可能相互矛盾,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)世界中的事件通常是復(fù)雜的和不斷變化的。即使新聞報(bào)道是從基本相同的角度寫的Longsentenceanalysis.contradict

vt.

相矛盾，相反；反駁，駁斥→contradictionn.矛盾；反駁；不一致contradictoryadj.矛盾的◆說明contradict是及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能用介詞with?！粽Z塊積累incontradictionto同……相矛盾 becontradictoryto與……相矛盾 self-contradictory自相矛盾的◆單句語法填空①Thestudentapologisedtohisteacherfor（contradict）him.③Hispublicspeechesarecontradictory

hispersonallifestyle.contradicting

toinstance◆語塊積累forinstance例如，比如inthisinstance在此情況下inthefirstinstance首先，最初giveaninstanceof舉例說明◆單句語法填空①Canyouquoteme

instanceofwhenthishappened?②Moststates，

instance，haveabloodtestrequirement，butafewdonot.③Inmost

（instance）thepainsoongoesaway.④Thisproblemseemedtobecomplex

thefirstinstance，butitcouldbeeasilysolved.an

for

instances

indiffer◆語塊積累differfrom與……不同/有區(qū)別differin在……方面不同bedifferentfrom/to與……不同makeadifference有影響，有作用makeadifferencetooureverydaylife對我們每天的生活有影響◆單句語法填空（5）Shediffers

hersisterinthecolourofeyes.（6）Hispublicimageisvery

（differ）fromtherealperson.（7）Whatmattersisthatyoumakea

（differ）inpeople’slives.from

different

differenceconclusion◆語塊積累cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論inconclusion最后conclude...from從……中得出/推斷出……conclude...with...以……結(jié)束……

◆單句語法填空①Sofar，nofinal

（conclude）hasbeenreachedonthismatter.②Theexpertconcludedhissummary

anoldChinesesaying.conclusion

withbring

sth.

to

light

揭露，披露◆語塊積累bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起bringback帶回來；使記起；使恢復(fù)bringin介紹；帶進(jìn)；引入；賺取bringup提出；教養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；嘔出Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices’estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourcesenablesustodrawamore__________(inform)conclusion.para3接近；靠近；方法值得一提assume假設(shè)informed

Tosumup,itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,_______bringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrust_____wehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonnewsreports.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotential_____(be)acriticalnewsreader.para4總結(jié)which

what

辨別力tobe

Tosumup,itiswisetoread...(line23)(1)sumup

總結(jié);概述;計(jì)算……的總數(shù)tosumup 總之;概括地說(2)insum 總之;總而言之a(chǎn)largesumof 一大筆;大量的similarexpressionsallinallinawordinshort/briefinconclusion/toconcludeinsummary/tosummarizeThoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,...

commitv.承諾,保證;犯(罪);花(錢或時(shí)間);全身心投入;忠于commit-committed-commitment(1)becommittedto(doing)sth.承諾,保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或遵從安排等)commit(oneself)tosb./sth.忠于(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等);全心全意投入

(工作、活動(dòng)等)commitacrime 犯罪;犯法(2)commitmentn. 承諾;委托;承擔(dān)義務(wù);獻(xiàn)身makeacommitment 承諾①Hedidn’tcommit_______(he)toanything.②His________________(commit)toeducationhasearnedrespectfromallfields.③Theycommittedto__________(preserve)therichheritageofthewest-stylehouse.(2)同義替換Fathermadeacommitmentthathewouldgivemeacomputerasabirthdaypresent.______________

himselfcommitmentpreservingmadeapromise核心短語(Page2)依賴；憑借；信賴(para1)發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生做某事是可取的

(para2)以……為例全面地依據(jù)；按照；在…方面(para3)例如偶遇；無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)；講得清楚明白倉促下結(jié)論在不同時(shí)期/時(shí)期rely/depend/countentirelyoncomeaboutItisadvisabletodosthtakesthasanexampleinacomprehensivewayintermsofforinstance/examplecomeacrossrushtotheconclusionatdifferentstages顯露；暴露出來；成為人所共知值得一提在A和B之間變化總之；概括地說(para4)從不同的角度更準(zhǔn)確的理解致力于擅長；善于；精通對……的準(zhǔn)確描述對……有天生的好奇心sth.bebroughttolightworthyofmentionvarybetweenAandBTosumup;Insummary;Toconclude;InconclusionfromvariousperspectiveshaveanaturalcuriosityaboutamoreaccurateunderstandingbecommittedtobeskilledatanaccurateaccountofFurtherConsolidationonthetext.Werelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.1._________,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferent2._________(priority).Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrom3._________(basic)thesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails.Socheckwhenthereportswerewritten.Newsreports4._________(write)atdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfacts5.___________(bring)tolight.writtenarebroughtHoweverbasicallyprioritiesAnotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Therefore,checkingdifferentsources6._________(enable)ustodrawamoreinformedconclusion.In7.__________(conclude)itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,whichbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrust8.______wehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedto9._________(present)thetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgement10._______relyentirelyonnewsreports.conclusionwhatpresentingenable