現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-課件

ThePresentPerfectTense

(Revision)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)ThePresentPerfectTense1Wallshaveears.2.Acathas9lives.3.Kingshavelongarms.

4.Weknownotwhatisgooduntilwehavelostit.

Translatethefollowingsayings:翻譯以下諺語(yǔ)

隔墻有耳。貓有九條命。普天之下，莫非王土。好東西，失去了才明白/珍惜。Wallshaveears.Translatethe2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)1、肯定句：3、一般疑問(wèn)句：主語(yǔ)+have/hasnot+V(p.p)+…Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+V(p.p)+…?Yes，主語(yǔ)+have/has.

No，主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.1、肯定句：2、否定句：主語(yǔ)（I/We/You)+

have

主語(yǔ)（They）+

have

+

V(p.p)…

主語(yǔ)（It/He/She)+

hashehas=theyhave=hasnot=havenot=4.縮寫:（過(guò)去分詞）he’sthey’vehasn’thaven’t現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)1、肯定句：3、一般疑問(wèn)句：主語(yǔ)+h3

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1.

workplantplayhopearriveskateplanstopfit

以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫輔音字母再＋ed.

4.trystudycry

以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i＋ed+ede+dedededdddnedpedtedtriedstudiedcried規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1.work4不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞typeinfinitive(A)p.t(B)p.p(C)costcostcostreadreadreadcomecamecomerunranrunmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaught

rideroderiddeneatateeatendrinkdrankdrunkABAAAA

ABBABC不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞typeinfinitive(A)p5AAA:cost-cost-cost

read-read-read

beatcuthithurtletsetshutABA:run-ran-run

come-came-come

become-became-become不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞AAA:cost-cost-costread6lose-lost build-builtmean–meantlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentsit–satmeet-metfeel-feltsleep-sleptkeep-keptsweep-sweptget-gotshoot-shotforget-forgotbring-broughtbuy-boughtthink-thoughtcatch-caughtteach–taughtfight-fought

hear-heard hold–heldhave–had

find-found dig-dug make-made

sell-sold tell-told win-won

lay-laid

pay-paid say-said

stand-stood

understand–understood

smell-smelt/smelled

learn-learnt/learned

hang-hung/hangedshine-shone/shined不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞ABBget-got-gotlose-lost build-71)在動(dòng)詞原形后加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。

eat-ate-eaten

fall-fellbeat-beatdrive-drovesee-sawwake-waked/woke

throw-threwblow-blewgrow-grewknow-knewdraw-drewshow-showedtake-tookshake-shookgive-gavewrite-wrote-writtenride-rode-ridden2）過(guò)去式加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。

speak-spoke-spoken

break-broke(n)steal-stole(n)forget-forgot(ten)freeze-froze(n) choose-chose(n)ABC不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1)在動(dòng)詞原形后加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。2）過(guò)去式加-8不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

（3）變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i”分別為“a”(過(guò)去式)和“u”(過(guò)去分詞)

begin-began-begun

(4)其他不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化。go-went-goneam/is-was-beenare-were-beendo-did-donelie-lay-lainwear-wore-wornfly-flew-flownABCdrinkringsingswim不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（3）變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i9現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法一.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.Hehaswatchedthatmovietwice.三.表示某人曾有過(guò)或到目前為止從未有過(guò)的經(jīng)歷.

Haveyoueverbeentothemoon?

(你曾去過(guò)月球嗎?)Ihaveneverhadacar.(我從未有過(guò)汽車。)二、某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持續(xù)到將來(lái).動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性要通過(guò)一段時(shí)間來(lái)表示.HehaswatchedTVforhalfanhour.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法一.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影10下一頁(yè)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法四.句型This/Itisthefirst/second/...time…也常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。

Thisisthethirdtimehehasdrivenacar.這是他第三次開車五.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和形容詞最高級(jí)連用表示到現(xiàn)在為止是“最…的”.Whataninterestingbook！It’sthemostinterestingbookI’veeverread.一本多么有趣的書啊！這是我讀過(guò)的最有趣的書。下一頁(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法四.句型This/Itis11現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already(肯定句，句中/末)yet(在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中代替already,句末)，never，ever(疑問(wèn)句和否定句)，just(句中)，before(句末，常與never連用)，once,twice，thesedays,recently(近來(lái),最近)，lately(近來(lái),最近)，

inthepast/lastfewyears,(在過(guò)去的幾年里),sofar=uptonow,tillnow,bynow一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already(肯定句，句中/末)一12二、當(dāng)表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持續(xù)到將來(lái).動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性要通過(guò)一段時(shí)間來(lái)表示.一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種:for:+一段時(shí)間for2weeksfor3years

過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻,since9:00/lastweek/1998since一段時(shí)間+agosince2years/daysago從句(用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài))sinceyoucame

Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.Hehasbeenawayforaweek.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)都用howlong現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)二、當(dāng)表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持13Fillintheblankswithfororsince______threehours______3:00pm______twodays______yesterdayafternoon______Icamehere______lastSunday______helefthere______alongtime______1997_______twoweeks______aweekago_______webegantolearnEnglishforsinceforsincesincesincesinceforsinceforsincesince現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Fillintheblankswithforor14havegone/beento和

havebeenin/at/on的區(qū)別

1、havegoneto去某地了，說(shuō)話時(shí)某人已離開此地，在去某地的途中或已在某地。ShehasgonetoShanghai.(表示現(xiàn)在她人不在這里）3、havebeenin/at/on逗留在某地(已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間).常和fortendays,sinceIcamehere等連用。ShehasbeeninChenzhousinceshecamehere.

2、havebeento去過(guò)某地，表示某人的一種經(jīng)歷，可以和once,twice,already,ever,never等連用。

ShehasbeentoShanghaitwice.(表示目前人已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）havegone/beento和15They

Beijing.他們(已經(jīng))去北京了。It

Beijing.他(曾經(jīng))去過(guò)北京。用have/hasgone/beento或have/hasbeenin/on/at填空havegonetohasbeento

They

Beijingforanhour.

havebeeninanhourlater他們到北京有一個(gè)小時(shí)了。TheyB16Jimandhisfriends____________Londonforhalfamonth.Lucyisnotathomenow.she____________thelibrary.______youever________theUSA?Never.Where______you_______thesedays?---HasJimarrivedyet?---Yes,he__________herefor3days.---WhereisPeter?---Idon’tknowwherehe__________.HiJim!Where_______you_______?LiLeiislookingforyou.havebeeninhasgonetohavebeenHavebeentohasbeenhasgonehavebeen用havebeen/goneto,havebeenin填空J(rèn)imandhisfriends__________17英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)詞義可分為兩種，一種是延續(xù)性的，一種是非延續(xù)性的.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(也可稱為終止性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞、或點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞)，如begin,start,die,buy,leave,come等，表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生與結(jié)束于一瞬間完成，不能再延續(xù)，所以它的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，即不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，for+時(shí)間段,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句連用，也不能用在howlong引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中。eg.I'veleftShanghaiforthreedays.(×)I'vebeenawayfromShanghaiforthreedays.(√).Itis/hasbeenthreedayssinceIleftShanghai.(√)IleftShanghaithreedaysago.(√)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)詞義可分為兩種，一種是延續(xù)性的，一延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非18(3).若保留for+時(shí)間段，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句，或用在howlong句型中，則需將非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞改為相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞⑴將時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)改為時(shí)間段+ago，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

eg.Thedogdiedtwodaysago.

⑵或用Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since從句來(lái)改寫句子.Ithasbeen/istwodayssincethedogdied.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞要表示持續(xù)時(shí)，可用以下方法：

(3).若保留for+時(shí)間段，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句19buy–puton–borrow—catch/getacold–gettoknow—die—finish–open—close–begin/start—getmarried-fallsleep/ill–getup-leave—go/come/get/reach/arrive—join---非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞1.直接變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞或介詞havewearkeephaveacoldknowbedeadbeoverbeopenbeclosedbeonbemarriedbeasleep/illbeupbeaway(from…)be(in/at)…bein/beamemberof+…buy–put201.Thefilmhasbegunforfiveminutes.2.Tomhasgotupforhalfanhour.

3.Ihaveboughtthecomputerforalongtime.4.Theroomisclean,whenhaveyoucleanedit?5.HowlonghaveyouleftLondon?beenonbeen請(qǐng)指出下列句子的錯(cuò)誤并更正。名醫(yī)在線haddidyoucleanbeenawayfrom1.Thefilmhasbegunforfive21

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較

一、

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。Isawthisfilmyesterday.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較

一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生222.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)

常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

for,since,sofar,just,ever,never,yet,already,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,…（when不能用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）--模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1990,theotherday,justnow,inthepast…--具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.

(W)(R)2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，一般過(guò)233）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.

一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。Shejoinedtheclubthreeyearsago.(加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的)Shehasbeenintheclubforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.(在俱樂(lè)部?jī)?nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))Shehasbeenaclubmembersincethreeyearsago.