英語國家概況美國篇課件

UStopographyUStopography1英語國家概況美國篇課件2Topography–USVastandvarious廣袤，多樣.EasternUS:coastalplains,Floridapeninsula,GreatLakes(5),AppalachianMts,MississippiBasin.SEUS:gulfcoast,wetlands.TheGreatPlains:wofMissi.R.,eofRockyMt.WesternUS:RockyMts.,desert,SouthernBasin.AlaskapeninsulaHawaiiarchipelagoTopography–USVastandvariou3MountMcKinley(Alaska,6,194m)MountMcKinley(Alaska,6,194m4英語國家概況美國篇課件5MajorriversMissouri:4,128km,longestMississippi:3,766km,largestOhio:1,580km,tributaryofMissi.Tennessee:1,049km,tributaryofOhioColoradoColumbiaMajorriversMissouri:4,128km6Mississippiriver,NewOrleans,2006Mississippiriver,NewOrleans7英語國家概況美國篇課件8TheGreatLakeshold20percentoftheworld‘ssurfacefreshwater.五大湖擁有全球20%地表淡水。TheGreatLakesregioncontainsnotonlythefivemainlakesthemselves,butalsonumerousminorlakesandrivers,aswellasapproximately35,000islands.大湖區(qū)不只有五大湖，還有不計其數(shù)的小湖和小河，以及將近35000個小島。LakeMichiganistheonlyonethatlocatedentirelyintheUS.密歇根湖是唯一一個完全位于美國境內的湖TheGreatLakeshold20percen9ChicagoonLakeMichiganisthelargestcityontheGreatLakes

ChicagoonLakeMichiganisth10Toronto,ONLakeOntarioToronto,ONLakeOntario11NiagaraWaterfallNiagaraWaterfall12RockymountainsRockymountains13CentralUS:TheGreatPlainsCentralUS:TheGreatPlains14英語國家概況美國篇課件15Mt.Everest,8,848mMt.Everest,8,848m16Fromtopographytonaturalresources

地形地貌——自然資源landresources:arableland,pasture(grassland),woodland,forestry,seasandoceans(fishery),continentalshelf.土地資源：可耕地、畜牧草地、林地、森林、海洋（漁業(yè)）、大陸架Waterresources:rivers,lakes,seas,oceans,undergroundwater.水資源：江河湖海、地下水Renewableenergyresources:sunsolarenergy,windwindpower,water(freshwater,seasandoceans)hydropower/tidalenergy.可再生能源：太陽能、風能、水利、潮汐Non-renewableenergyresources:coal,oil,naturalgas不可再生能源：煤、石油、天然氣Mineralresources礦產:iron,zinc鋅,copper銅,gold,lead鉛,uranium鈾…Fromtopographytonaturalres17Percentageofarablelandbycountry可耕地Percentageofarablelandbyc18英語國家概況美國篇課件19Landresources土地資源Country國家Arableland可耕地pasture,grassland畜牧用地Forestry,woodland森林USA16.29%(1st)25%30%(4th)China11.62%(4th)41.4%20.36%(5th)UK24.88%（79th）46%12%Landresources土地資源CountryArabl20OilproducingcountriesOilproducingcountries21petroleumProvedcrudeoilreserves(billionbarrels,2014)Consump-tionrankingImportrankingExportrankingUS37(11th)115Chn14(14th)220+20+UK3(20+)774petroleumProvedcrudeoilrese22Naturalgas2013Provedreserves(trillioncubicmeters)ShareoftotalproductionAnnualconsump-tionshareoftotalUS6.933.7%22.2%China3.1(12th)1.3%3%UK0.290.2%2.9%Naturalgas2013Provedreserve23Coal2009Provedreserves(milliontons)ShareoftotalproductionAnnualproductionshareoftotalAnnualconsump-tionshareoftotalUS237,295(1st)15.2%(2nd)15.2%(2nd)15.2%(2nd)China114,500(4th)39.7%(1st)49.7%(1st)46.9%(1st)UK191N/A0.3%(23rd)0.9%Coal2009Provedreserves(mill24Populationsizenotyettakenintoconsideration還未計入人口總數(shù)Implicationforthecountry’seconomicprospect?對國家經(jīng)濟前景的影響Resourcescarcity資源短缺Energysecurity.能源安全Foodsecurity.食品安全Watersecurity.水資源安全Populationsizenotyettaken25ClimateClimatetypes:oceanic/maritimecontinental,(sub-)tropical,(sub-)arctic,polar,desert…Howtodescribetheclimate:mild/temperateharsh, (semi-)humiddry/arid,uniformdiverse…Temperature:varied/changeable,littlechangeseasons:distinct.ClimateClimatetypes:oceanic26英語國家概況美國篇課件27UKclimate:temperatemaritimeclimate.0°C><30°Cbutvariable:changingfromdaytoday.Distinct4seasons:spring(3-5),summer(6-8),autumn(9-11),winter(12-2)UKclimate:temperatemaritime28英語國家概況美國篇課件29AllclimatetypescanbefoundintheUS.Mostareas:temperate溫帶

Hawaii+S.Florida:tropical熱帶

Alaska:polar極地;theGreatPlains:aridorsemiarid干旱或半干旱California:Mediterranean地中海Acrossthewholecountry,temperaturedifferencesinwinteraregreat,butinsummerthediversityisconsiderablyless.Naturaldisasters:tornado龍卷風,hurricane颶風Allclimatetypescanbefound30PoliticalgeographyInternationalpolitics(geo-politics地緣政治）InsidetheState:Administrativedivision.e.g.Province(state)CountiesMunicipalities自治市Suchdivisionistheresultofhistoryaswellaspoliticalconsiderations.劃分是歷史的結果，也是政治的考慮PoliticalgeographyInternation31USA 50states,1federaldistrictYoungnation,carefuldesignstate,county,city,town,villageUSA 50states,1federaldistr3250states+WashingtonD.C.50states+WashingtonD.C.33WashingtonD.C.Federaldistrict179019.4%coveredwithpark,tieswithNYSummer:b/t31

°and21

°C;winter:0to-2°CWashingtonD.C.34英語國家概況美國篇課件35CapitolHillCapitolHill36NewYork

-largestcityintheUS

-atthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.

-Dutchtradingpostin1624

-Population:8,400,000(2009)

-Internationalcentreofcommerce,finance,media,culture,art,fashion,research,education,entertainment,andint’lpolitics.

-5boroughs:Brooklyn,Queens,Manhattan,theBronx,andtheStatenIslands

NewYork

-largestcityinth37BigAppleMidtownManhattan,theUnitedNationsHeadquarters,theStatueofLiberty,TimesSquare,theUnisphereinQueens,theBrooklynBridge,andLow