城市軌道交通客運(yùn)服務(wù)英語-第三章-Names-of-Basic-Metro-Facilities

Project3NamesofBasicMetroFacilitiesProjectObjectivesTounderstandthebasictermsonMetrofacilities;TounderstandalittleknowledgeonMetrorunningandmanagement;TorealizetheimportanceofMetrofacilities;TomasterthesentencepatternsrelatedtoMetroscientificarticles;Tounderstandthefunctionsofvariousfacilities.ⅠPracticeandLearnⅡ2ListeningComprehensionⅢReadandLearnⅣCommonWaysinTranslatingWordsCONTENTSSectionⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalksWordsandExpressionsDialoguesExercisesExercisesⅠPracticeandLearnⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalksInthefollowing,thereare5minitalks.Pleasepracticethe5minitalkswithyourpartnerandtrytorememberthepatternsofthedialogues.1.NamesofMetrosinDifferentCountriesA:Hi,LiMing,howareyouthesedays?B:Hi,howareyou?WhatareyourlessonsgoingonMetros?A:Imustsaythatthisclassisgreat!IhavelearntalotaboutMetrosintheclass.B:Soletmegiveyouasmallquiz.YouknowthatdifferentcountriesgivedifferentnamesonMetros.SowhatdoAmericanscallaMetro?A:Oh,Ihavelearntthisknowledgeinclass.AmericanscallaMetroassubway.B:Right.ThenwhataboutBritishpeople?WhatdoBritishcallaMetro?A:TheycallaMetroasatube.B:Perfect?、馪racticeandLearnMiniTalks2.ATicketVendingMachine（TVM）A:Excuseme,Sir.WherecouldIbuyaticket?Ihaventseenanyofficersellingtickethere.B:Youcanbuyaticketfromtheticketvendingmachineoverthere.A:Thanks!Pardonme,whereistheticketvendingmachine?B:Goalongthiscorridor,andyouwillseethemachineonyourleft.A:Thanks!Haveagoodday!ⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalks3.KeepOfftheAutomaticGateinaMetroA:George,keepoffthedoor.B:Father,youneedn，tworryaboutthegate.Itisautomatic.A:You，dbettertakecare!Althoughthedoorisclosed,butyoumaygetofftheMetroandfalldownontherail.B:Father,youaretoocareful.Thatisimpossible!BecausethedooriscontrolledbytheMetrosystem.Beforearrivingatastation,itwon，tbeopen.A:Allright.Maybeyouareright.ⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalks4.KeepoffthePlatformScreenDoor（PSD）onaPlatformA:Hey,George,keepoffthescreendoorandstandbacktheline.B:Alright,thanksFather!Ididn，tpayattentiontotheline.A:Whenyouareonaplatform,youshouldtakecareandcomplywiththerules.B:Father,youareright.Iknowitisdangerous.A:Thendoyouknowthefunctionofaplatformscreendoor?B:Surely.Itprotectsthepassengersfromfallingdown.A:That，sright.ⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalks5.ThereisSomethingWrongwiththeElevatorA:Excuseme,Sir.Ithinkthereissomethingwrongwiththeelevator.Doyouhaveanotherone?Weneedtopullawheelchairbyit.B:Surely,Sir!Wehaveaspareone.Pleasepullthewheelchairandfollowme.Iwillshowyou.A:Thankyouverymuch!Iguessyouhaveaspareone.B:Surely!Thisway,please.ⅠPracticeandLearnWordsandExpressionsTube管道，地鐵ticketvendingmachine自動(dòng)售票機(jī)corridor走廊automaticgate自動(dòng)門platformscreendoor屏蔽門complywith遵守function

功能

elevator電梯wheelchair輪椅ⅠPracticeandLearnExercisesMakeminitalksaccordingtothefollowingrequirements,andthenactouttheminitalksthatyouhavemade,usingthepatternsoftheabovetalks.1.TotalkaboutthedoorsinaMetrowithaMetroofficer;2.TotalkaboutamachineinaMetrowithyourclassmate;3.ToimitateasituationwhenapassengerhascrossthesecuritylineontheplatformwhileheiswaitingforaMetro;4.Totalkabouthowtobuyaticketfromaticketvendingmachine;5.TotalkabouthowtofindanelevatorinaMetrostation.ⅠPracticeandLearnDialoguesInthispart,thereisadialogue.Readthedialogueandthenfinishtheexerciseswithyourpartner.A:Goodmorning,professor!B:Goodmorning!Todaylet，stalkaboutMetrocontrolsystems.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?A:DifferentcountrieshavedifferentMetrocontrolsystems.B:Yes.That，sbecauseoftheknowledgecopyrights.Forexample,CTCSbelongstoChina,ATCSbelongstoU.S.,ETCSbelongstoEurope,andATCbelongstoJapan.A:Aretheytotallydifferent,orsimilar?B:Well,tosomeextent,theyaresimilar,butalsodifferent,suchasChineseⅠPracticeandLearnDialoguesMetrocontrolsystemshavebeendevelopedfromCTCS0toCTCS4,andU.S.isusingAdvancedMetroControlSystem.A:Soprofessor,whichsystemisthemostadvanced?B:It，shardtosaynow,becauseeverycountryistryingitsbesttodevelopbettertechnology,forsafetyandquality.A:SocouldIthinkthatactuallythereissomecompetitionexistinginthosecountries?B:Infact,thereis.FornotallofthecountrieshavetheadvancedMetrotechnology,actually,thereisintensivecompetition.A:That，sthereasonwhyweshouldstudyhardandbecometalentsinthisfield.B:Youaretotallyright.ⅠPracticeandLearnExercisesAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothedialogueandtrytomakedialogueswithyourpartner.1.Whatwerethestudentandtheprofessortalkingabout?2.WhatdotheythinkoftheMetrocontrolsystems?3.WhatdotheysayabouttheChineseMetrocontrolsystems?4.WhyistheresomecompetitionexistingintheMetrofield?5.Doyouthinkthestudentsshouldstudyhard?Why?SectionⅡListeningComprehensionMiniSentencesListenandMatchListenandCompleteListenandAnswerMiniPracticeⅡListeningComprehensionⅡListeningComprehensionMiniSentencesListentothe10sentencesandtrytotranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Metrocontrolsystemiscomplicated.2.Anoperatormustbestudyingatleast6monthstocontrolaMetro.3.ThemaintenanceofMetrocontrolsystemiscomplex.4.Thecontrolsystemisconnectedwithwirelessequipment.5.Inthe1900s,thewesterncountrieswereadvancedintheMetrotechnology.6.ThefirstautomaticMetrocontrolsystemwasputintousein1905.7.ATOstandsforautomatictrainoperation.8.ATPstandsforautomatictrainprotection.9.LocomotivecabsignalingisimportantinMetrocontrol.10.TrackcircuitsarealsoimportantinMetrocontrol.ⅡListeningComprehensionListenandMatchMatchtheEnglishsentencesinthefollowingwiththeirChinesemeaning.ⅡListeningComprehensionMiniPracticeListento10shortsentencesandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatarethe5developmentstagesofChinaMetrocontrolsystem?2.Whatisabalise?3.WhatisthesimplenameofChinesemultipleunits?4.Whichcountryismentionedinthetalk?5.WhodevelopedChinaMetrocontrolsystem?6.WhichtwocountriesarecompletingwithChinasMetroR&D?7.Ispatentveryimportantinthetechnologydevelopment?8.WhatdoesCTCSstandfor?9.Whatequipmentismentionedinthetalk?10.AreallkindsofMetrosquitesimilar?ⅡListeningComprehensionListenandCompleteListentothepassageandthenfillintheblanksaboutwhatyouhaveheard.Thereareverysimilar

betweenChineseMetrosandEuropeanMetrosintermsofMetro

modeandMetrocontrol.ETCS（EuropeanTrainControl

）,supportedbytheEuropean

andtheEuropeanIndustrials,hasbeenfinalizedasthe

standardofMetrocontrolsystemsinEuropeaftermorethantenyears，

effort.Thereismorethan

kilometersofMetrooperationlineinChina,whichincludesconventionallineswitha

of120kilometersperhour,adedicated

linewithaspeedof

kilometersperhourandthespeedraisinglineswithaspeedof160kilometersperhour.AhighspeedlinefromBeijingto

withaspeedofmorethan300kilometersperhourwillbeconstructedinthenextfewyears.ⅡListeningComprehensionListenandAnswerListentothepassageagainandthenanswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtowhatyouhaveheardintheMP3.1.HowmanyMetrooperationmodesarementionedinthepassage?2.WhatisthefullnameofETCS?3.WhosupportedEuropeanMetroControlSystem?4.Whatlineiswithaspeedof120kilometersperhourinChina?5.WhichChinesecitiesarementionedinthepassage?SectionⅢReadandLearnWordsandExpressionsNotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnInthissection,thereisapassage.Readthepassageandthenfinishtheexercises.ControlSystemsInthepast10years,theindependentandinnovativecommunicationsbasedMetrocontrolsystemhasexperiencedbreakthroughsinkeytechnologiesbyconductingpilotexperiments,fieldtests,anddemonstrationprojects.Forthefirsttime,thedesigntheoriesandtechnicalaspectsofmovingblocksystems,whichcovertheentirelifecycleoffailsafesystems,aresetup.ThemodelsandalgorithmsareproposedtocontrolthesafeoperationofMetros.ⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnThesafetytechnologiesforshort-intervalMetrosequencingareadoptedtorealizethe90sheadwaybetweenconsecutiveMetros.TheoptimizedautomaticMetrooperationstrategiesareusedtosaveenergyandallowMetrostosafelyreachtheirdestinations.ThehighlydependableandbidirectionalMetro-to-groundcommunicationtechnologiesareintroducedforreliabletransmissionofsafetyrelatedMetro-to-groundinformationinacomplexenvironmentwhichiscompatiblewithmultiplemedia,suchasfreewaves,leakywaveguides,andleakyfeeders.Thesimulation,tests,andverificationtechnologiesbasedontheminimumsystemandtestcaseswereadoptedtoconductthefollowing:principledemonstration,functionaltests,integratedtests,fieldfailuredatareplay,analysisanddisposal,systemupgrade,andmaintenance.ⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnTheChineseMetroControlSystemisaMetrocontrolsystemusedonrailwaylinesinPeople，sRepublicofChina.CTCSissimilartotheEuropeanTrainControlSystem（ETCS）.Ithastwosubsystems:groundsubsystemandonboardsubsystem.Thegroundsubsystemmaybebasedonbalise,trackcircuit,radiocommunicationnetwork（GSMR）,andRadioBlockCenter（RBC）.Theonboardsubsystemincludesonboardcomputerandcommunicationmodule.CTCShasseverallevels:ConventionalMetrosinChinaweremanuallycontrolledandoperatedbydriversbasedontracksideinterlockingandblocking,inconjunctionwithvariousMetrosignalingandsurveillancedevices.WiththehighspeedrailwaysystemsbeingrapidlydevelopedinChinarecently,theoldTrackBasedTrainControl（TBTC）hasgraduallybeenreplacedbythemodernCommunicationsBasedTrainControl（CBTC）.ⅢReadandLearnTheChineseTrainControlSystem（CTCS）isatraincontrolsystemimplementedsince2002,whichisspecifiedforcompliancewiththehighspeedandtheconventionalinteroperabilityanddirectives.CTCSbynatureisanautomatictrainprotection（ATP）system,basedoncabsignalingandsignalaspectsaswellascontinuoustrackingtothedatatransmissionontheMetrosystem.Themovementauthority（MA）andthecorrespondinglineinformationaretransmittedtothecontrolunitofthetrainandthenbeingdisplayedinthecabforthedriverascommandsorreferences.AtrainwithcompleteCTCSequipmentandfunctionalitycanoperateonanyCTCSlinewithoutmuchtechnicalrestriction.ⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnBasedonthesignalingsystemofChineserailwaynetwork,ChineseTrainControlSystem（CTCS）hasbeendividedintofivelevels,namelyCTCSlevel0,1,2,3and4.Thedefinitionofthelevelsdependsonhowthelineisequippedandthewaytheinformationistransmittedtothetrain.InteroperabilityisnecessaryforthetraincontrolsystemtoachievejointoperationamongDedicatedPassengerLines（DPL,anothernameforhighspeedrailwayinChina）andrebuiltlines,whereCTCSlevels2,3and4arebackcompatiblewithlowerlevels.ⅢReadandLearnWordsandExpressionsⅢReadandLearnWordsandExpressionsⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassage1.Thehighlydependableandbi-directionalMetrotogroundcommunicationtechnologiesareintroducedforreliabletransmissionofsafetyrelatedMetro-to-groundinformationinacomplexenvironmentwhichiscompatiblewithmultiplemedia,suchasfreewaves,leakywaveguides,andleakyfeeders.這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)較長，為了使大家看明白這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)用括號將這句話的定語部分標(biāo)注出來:The（highlydependableandbi-directionalMetro-to-ground）communicationtechnologiesareintroduced［forreliabletransmissionofsafetyrelatedMetro-to-groundinformation］［inacomplexenvironment\]（whichiscompatiblewithmultiplemedia,suchasfreewaves,leakywaveguides,andleakyfeeders）.其中，（）表示定語部分，［］表示狀語部分。這句話可譯為：為了在復(fù)雜環(huán)境中的地鐵對地面信息傳輸?shù)陌踩?，引入了高度可靠的和雙向地鐵對地面通信技術(shù)，它與多媒體，例如自由波、泄露波導(dǎo)和泄露饋線相兼容。ⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassage2.Thesimulation,tests,andverificationtechnologiesbasedontheminimumsystemandtestcaseswereadoptedtoconductthefollowing:principledemonstration,functionaltests,integratedtests,fieldfailuredatareplay,analysisanddisposal,systemupgrade,andmaintenance.為了使大家看明白這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)用括號將這句話的定語部分標(biāo)注出來，（）表示定語部分。這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)為:Thesimulation,tests,andverificationtechnologies（basedontheminimumsystemandtestcases）wereadoptedtoconductthefollowing:principledemonstration,functionaltests,integratedtests,fieldfailuredatareplay,analysisanddisposal,systemupgrade,andmaintenance.這句話可譯為：基于最小系統(tǒng)和測試實(shí)例的模擬、測試和驗(yàn)證技術(shù)被采用于進(jìn)行如下操作：原理演示，功能測試，集成測試，現(xiàn)場故障數(shù)據(jù)重放，分析和處理，系統(tǒng)的升級和維護(hù)。ⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassage3.CTCShasseverallevels:ConventionalMetrosinChinaweremanuallycontrolledandoperatedbydriversbasedontracksideinterlockingandblocking,inconjunctionwithvariousMetrosignalingandsurveillancedevices.為了使大家看明白這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)用括號將這句話的定語部分標(biāo)注出來，（）表示定語部分，［］表示狀語部分。這句話的句子結(jié)構(gòu)為:CTCShasseverallevels:Conventionaltrain［inChina\]weremanuallycontrolledandoperated［bydrivers］（basedontracksideinterlockingandblocking）,［inconjunctionwithvarioustrainsignalingandsurveillancedevices］.這句話可譯為：中國列車運(yùn)行控制系統(tǒng)有幾個(gè)等級:中國的傳統(tǒng)火車是基于軌側(cè)聯(lián)鎖裝置和阻塞裝置，連同各種各樣的火車信號裝置和監(jiān)視裝置，由司機(jī)手動(dòng)控制和操作的。ⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassage4.InteroperabilityisnecessaryfortheMetrocontrolsystemtoachievejointoperationamongDedicatedPassengerLines（DPL,anothernameforhigh-speedrailwayinChina）andrebuiltlines,whereCTCSlevels-2,3and4areback-compatiblewithlowerlevels.whereCTCSlevels2,3and4arebackcompatiblewithlowerlevels，在本句話中是非限制性定語從句。這句話可譯為：互可操作性對于地鐵控制系統(tǒng)達(dá)到對于客運(yùn)專線（DPL是中國高速鐵路的另一個(gè)名字）的聯(lián)合運(yùn)行和重建線路是必須的，它使2級、3級和4級的中國列車運(yùn)行控制系統(tǒng)能夠和較低的級別向后兼容。ⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassageExerciseⅠReadthepassageandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Couldyoutalkaboutthebreakthroughsofthetraincontrolsystemsinthepast10years?2.WhatarethetwosubsystemsofChineseTrainControlSystem?3.Whatisthegroundsubsystembasedon?4.Whatdoestheonboardsubsysteminclude?5.WhataretheseverallevelsofChineseTrainControlSystem?6.CouldyoutalkaboutCTCSlevel-0,1,2,3and4?ⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassageExerciseⅡFillouttheblanksaccordingtothepassage.TheChineseTrainControlSystem（CTCS）isaMetro

systemimplementedsince2002,whichisspecifiedforcompliancewiththehigh-speedandtheconventionalinteroperabilityanddirectives.Ithastwosubsystems:

subsystemand

subsystem.Thegroundsubsystemmaybebasedon

,trackcircuit,radiocommunicationnetwork（GSM-R）,andRadioBlockCenter（RBC）.Theonboardsubsystemincludesonboard

andcommunicationsmodule.BasedonthesignalingsystemofChineserailwaynetwork,ChineseTrainControlSystem（CTCS）hasbeendividedinto

levels,namelyCTCSlevel-0,1,2,3and4.ⅢReadandLearnNotesofthePassageExerciseⅢChoosethebestwordstocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Duringtherecentyears,Metrotechnologyhasexperiencedgreat

.2.Vehiclesmustrunaccordingtothe

inordertokeepsafety.3.Newtechnologiesmustpass

testsbeforeputtingintouse.4.Windowssoftwareis

withitslowerlevels.5.

isanothertechnologyintheMetrooperation.6.TheChineseTrainControlSystem（CTCS）hastwo

:groundsubsystemandonboardsubsystem.7.Softwareshouldbe

oftentocatchupwiththepassengers，demands.8.Afteranyaccident,theexpertsneedtomakesome

toavoidthesimilaraffairshappeningagain.SectionⅣCommonWaysinTranslatingWordsⅣCommonWaysinTranslatingWords推演法（deduction）移植法（transplant）釋義法（explanation）綴合法（combination）替代法（substitution）引申法（extension）音譯法（transliteration）ⅣCommonWaysinTranslatingWords推演法（deduction）推演法，就是根據(jù)英文的原文釋義推演出其漢語意思，其推演根據(jù)