新概念英語第三冊lesson+8筆記

1課文內(nèi)容及譯文【課文內(nèi)容】Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。WhataretheSt.Bernarddogsusedfor?TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,witchwasfoundedineleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.Forhundredsofyears,St.BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatchdogseveninRomantimes.Nowthatatunnelahsbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot.Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Thetemperaturedropsto-30°CandveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.Themonkspreferwintertosummeroftheyhavemoreprivacy.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofmountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard'smonastery.【參考譯文】圣伯納德大山口連接著瑞士與意大利，海拔2,473O米，是歐洲最高的山口。11世紀(jì)建造的著名的圣伯納德修道院位于離山口1英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。幾百年來，圣伯納德修道院馴養(yǎng)狗拯救了許多翻越這道山口的旅游者的生命。那些最先從亞洲引進(jìn)的狗，待人友好，早在羅馬時代就給人當(dāng)看門狗了。如今由于山里開挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危險了。但每年還要派狗到雪山地里去幫助那些遇到困難的旅游者，盡管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒險徒步跨越圣伯納德山口。夏天的幾個月里，修道院十分忙碌，因為有成千上萬的人駕車通過山口，順道來修道院參觀。由于來人太多，狗被關(guān)在專門的圍欄里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活則是另一番景象。氣溫下降到零下30度，試圖跨越山口的人寥寥無幾。修道士們喜歡冬天，而不太喜歡夏天。因為在冬天，他們可以更多地過無人打擾的生活。狗也比較自由，被放出圍欄，四處遛達(dá)。冬天常來修道院參觀的只有一批批滑雪者。他們在圣誕節(jié)或復(fù)活節(jié)到那兒去。這些熱愛高山清靜環(huán)境的年輕人每年都受到圣伯納德道院的熱烈歡迎。圖片2生詞及短語Lesson8monastery['m?n?stri]n.寺院，修道院St.Bernard圣伯納德pass[pa:s]n.關(guān)隘watchdog['w?t?d?:g]n.看門狗rashly['r??li]a.莽撞地，冒失地enclosure[in'kl?u??]n.圍場，圈地monk[m??k]n.和尚，僧侶,修道士privacy['praiv?si]n.清靜，隱居skier['ski:?]n.滑雪者Easter['i:st?]n.復(fù)活節(jié)圖片3課文解析1WhataretheSt.Bernarddogsusedfor?2TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.St.=saint（n.圣人,圣徒adj.神圣）Bernardn.伯納德(男子名)Passn.關(guān)口把...與…連接在一起connect…to…/join….to…/link…with…connect...with把...與某事聯(lián)系在一起--Icantconnectthepicturewithmyfriend,Mary.beconnectedwith與...有聯(lián)系--Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?3At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.At2,473metres（介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示原因、條件或狀態(tài)）--Inred,shelooksmuchmorebeautiful.--Attheageof25,heisable.在十五歲的時候,他很能干。--Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.4ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,witchwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,liesaboutamileaway.Found（v.建立,創(chuàng)立）=setup（設(shè)立,豎立）=establish（vt.成立，建立）限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句最大的區(qū)別：1>非限制性定語從句只是對主句或主句中所出現(xiàn)的某個名詞的補(bǔ)充、說明和解釋,去掉對主句影響不大。2>限制性定語從句是主句當(dāng)中不可缺少的一部分。1>who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句主要指人做主語--Mr.SmithwasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.--Mr.Smith,whodiedonJuly17that84,wasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.--Therewereveryfewpassengers,whoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.（n.傷害）旅客很少,他們都逃出來了,沒有受到重傷。--Therewereveryfewpassengerswhoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.沒有受重傷而逃出來的旅客很少。--Thetaxidrivers,whoknewaboutthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.所有司機(jī)都知道堵車的事,都走了別的路。--Thetaxidriverswhoknewaboutthetrafficjamtookanotherroad,andotherswhodidntknowaboutthetrafficjamstilltookthisheavyroad.得知堵車的司機(jī)走了別的路,不知道堵車事件的司機(jī)仍然走這條路。2>指代事物在非限制性定語從句當(dāng)中只能使用which,不用that。--Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwasexactlythesumIneeded.3>指代時間when、地點(diǎn)where--Hewasleftonthedesertisland,wherehestayedforaslongasthreeweeks.他被留在了荒島上,在那里他呆了長達(dá)三周之久。5Forhundredsofyears,St.BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.Life（n.生命,生活）lives（life的復(fù)數(shù)）6Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatchdogseveninRomantimes.which指代friendlydogs--Thepanda,whichwasbroughtfromChina,wasusedasasymboloffriendshipsymbol（n.象征）7Nowthatatunnelahsbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.Nowthat既然1>用做時間連接詞,后面通常跟完成式--Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhavetofindajob.2>用做原因連接詞時,后面時態(tài)不限--Nowthatyouwonthelpme,Imustdothejobmyself.whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however=nomatterwho/what/when/where/which/how--Youcantelephonemewheneveryoulike.無論什么時候你想打電話給我都行。--Whicheverdayyoucome,wellbepleasedtoseeyou.--Whereveryougo,Illfollowyou.--Howeverbusyyouare,youmustsparesometimetostudyEnglish.8Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocrossthePassonfoot.Despite(介詞)=inspiteof(of是介詞)attempttodosomething=trytodosomething企圖做某事Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)：--TherearestillafewstudentsstudyingEnglishintheclassroom.=TherearestillafewstudentswhoarestudyingEnglishintheclassroom.依舊有些學(xué)生在教室學(xué)習(xí)英語。9Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.incars=bycar10Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.About（adv.到處,周圍）--Dontlitterwastepaperabout.不要到處扔廢紙。Litter（vt.亂丟,鋪草,弄亂）--lookabout到處看/goabout到處走/runabout到處跑/wanderabout到處閑逛keep經(jīng)常和介詞短語、形容詞、分詞搭配使用,表示使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)。--Keephimout./Keephimin.（介詞）--Dokeepthecatintheroom.（介詞）--Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.（現(xiàn)在分詞）--Thelambwaskepttighttoatree.=Ikeptthelambtighttoatree.lamb（n.小羊,羔羊）/tight（adj.緊的,繃緊的）Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.quitetheopposite恰恰相反11Thetemperaturedropsto-30°andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass