2023年廣東省高考英語模擬試卷

廣東省高考英語模擬試卷（4月份）一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AWildlifeCrossingBridgesTheWildlifeBridge

In，Utahbuiltawildlifebridgeoverthebusyhighway1-80.A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.Normally,animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges,soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.Butrecently,they'vediscoveredmanydifferentkindsofanimalsarebeginningtomovebyusingthebridge.

TheRopeBridge

OnChina'sHainanIslandin，scientistscreatedabridgeforHainangibbons（長臂猿）thataretheworld'smostendangeredprimatesandnormallycrosstheforestbyswinginghighinthetrees.Butafteratyphoon,landslidescausedhugegapsintheforest,whichwereforcingthegibbonstomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapropebridge,whichsettledtheproblem.

TheEco-Bridge

InUttarakhandstateinIndia,theforestdepartmenthasbuiltaspecial"eco-bridge"，madefromall-naturalmaterials.It's27.5meterslongandrunsoveroneofthebusiesthighwaysinthearea.Thoughthebridgeishighinthetrees,forestdepartmentworkershopethebridgewillhelpsmalleranimalsontheground,too.Already,thebridgehasgottenalotofattentionontheInternet,withmanypeopletakingphotosinfrontofiteveryday.

TheParkBridge

ThePhilHardbergerParkliesinSanAntonio,Texas,andrecentlyithasopenedwhattheysayisthelargestwildlifebridgeintheUS.Thisbridge,unliketheothersmentionedhere,wasbuiltforusebybothanimalsandhumans.Theparksaystheyhavealreadyseendeerusingthebridge.WhathasmadeexpertsfeelunexpectedabouttheWildlifeBridge？______A.It'sbeencompletedwithin2years.

B.It'sbeingusedbyanimalsalready.

C.It'sbecomeanInternet-famoussite.

D.It'sAmerica'sbiggestwildlifebridge.Whichbridgesrunoverhighways？______A.TheWildlifeBridgeandtheEco-Bridge.

B.TheWildlifeBridgeandtheRopeBridge.

C.TheEco-BridgeandtheParkBridge.

D.TheRopeBridgeandtheParkBridge.Whatisthecommonpurposeinbuildingthefourbridges？______A.Toattractmoretourists.

B.Toreducetrafficaccidents.

C.Tosaveendangeredanimals.

D.Tocreatewildlifepassageways.BLindaTuttHighSchoolopenedauniquegrocerystoreinthecityofSanger,whereinsteadofpayingforproductswithcash,theircommunitycanearnpointswhichtheythentradein.Howdotheygainpoints？Byperforminggooddeeds!Allstudents,staffmembersandfamiliesintheschooldistricthaveaccesstothedailygoodstheyneedtogetthroughCOVID-19一freeofcharge.

ThestoreissuppliedthroughapartnershipwithFirstRefugeMinistries,Albertsonsgrocerystore,andTexasHealthResources.Itisopenthreedaysaweek.TheyevenofferaCOVID-friendlycurbside（路邊）pickuponTuesdaynights!Itismeanttoprovidenecessarydailygoodsforfamiliesinneed.Familiesareautomaticallyawardedpointsbasedontheirfamilysize,butstudentscanhelpthefamiliesearnmorebyhelpingoutaroundtheschool,cleaning,orgettinggoodreferrals（推薦）fromtheirteachers.HeadmasterAnthonyLovecalledit"theingeniousmethod"，comparedwiththetraditionalapproachesusedtomakestudentshelpothers.

Thestoreisoperatedandmanagedentirelybythestudents.Notonlyaretheyencouragedtoshowotherskindness,buttheyalsohaveasenseofcontrolduringthisuncertaintime."Manyofthemcomefromlow-incomefamiliesthatneedjustalittleextrasupportwithfood,"Anthonyadded.

Sothestorehastheextraprofitofgivingitsstudentemployees'valuableexperience."Ithinkthisisthemostexcitingpartofit,whichtheycancarrywiththemastheygraduatefromhighschoolandmoveonintotheworld,"Anthonysaid.

Whatabrilliantwaytosupporttheircommunity!Betweenprovidingdailygoodsforfamilies,givingkidsexperienceconcerned,andmakingtheirschoolabetterplacethroughgooddeeds,traditionalbusinessescouldlearnathingortwofromthisapproach!Whatisspecialaboutthegrocerystore？______A.Itsownerisalocalschool.

B.Itisopenthreedaysaweek.

C.Studentsrentitfreeofcharge.

D.Gooddeedscanbeexchangedforitsgoods.WhydidLindaTuttHighSchoolopenthegrocerystore？______A.Tohelppeopleinneed. B.Togetsomeincomes.

C.Tokeeppeopleathome. D.Toofferstudentspaidjobs.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ingenious"inParagraph2mean？______A.Careful. B.Strict. C.Creative. D.Flexible.Whatistheaddedbenefitofthegrocerystore？______A.Itmakesmorefamiliesgetgoods.

B.Itprovidesstudentswithjobskills.

C.Itencouragesstudentstograduate.

D.Itsavesmoretraditionalbusinesses.CTheGermanshipPolarsternisnormallydesignedtobreakupheavyice.ButinSeptember,，theshipsetsailfromNorwaywiththegoalofgettingfrozenintotheArcticicecapforayear.Themission（任務(wù)）waspartofa＄155millionprojectknownasMOSAiC，ledbyGermany'sAlfredWegenerInstitute（AWI），whosegoalistolearnmoreabouttheicethatformsneartheNorthPole.Theicecaphereisn'tcompletelysolid,andit'sacollectionoffloes---floatingsheetsofice.Assummerapproaches,someoftheicemeltsandmanyfloesbreakfree.

ByOctober,，theshipwasfrozenintotheArcticicenorthofSiberia.Themissionwasn'twithoutitschallenges.Firstandmostimportantly,thePolarsternhadtofindanicefloethatisusedasitsprimaryresearchbase.Theicefloemustbesolidenoughtoanchortheshipandtosupportalltheresearchequipmentthescientistsneededtouse.However,doingitprovedeasiersaidthandone.Oncetheshipwasfrozeninplace,thescientistshadtowrestlewiththedangerouspolarbearsthatwerewanderingaround.Dealingwithextremecoldwasanotherchallenge.Theyalsohadtofacethelonganddarkpolarnight,aperiodduringwinterwhenthesundoesn'triseatallinthecentralArctic.InSeptember,，theboatfinallyreturnedtoBremerhaven,Germany.

"WearewatchingtheArcticseaicedie,"saidthemission'sleader,MarkusRex.Theteamreportsthattheiceshelfisfullofholes,andthattheicethatremainsisthinandmelting.Recentsatellitemeasurementssupportthatidea.Thesizeofthisyear'sicecapisthesecondsmallesteverrecorded.

Nextcomesthelongprocessofstudyingallthedatathatwascollectedduringthelastyear.ThomasKrumpen,oneofthescientists,said"We'lllikelybebusywithitoverthenexttenyears."

Thescientistshopethisabundantinformationwillhelpthemmakebetterpredictionsaboutclimatechange.WhatdoesMOSAiCtrytodointheArctic？______A.Protecttheicecap. B.Stoptheicemelting.

C.Studytheicedeeply. D.Breakupheavyice.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeforthescientistsonthePolarstern？______A.Findingtherightfloe. B.Fightingtheextremecold.

C.Avoidingpolarbears. D.Reducingtheloneliness.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesituationsoftheArcticice？______A.Carefree. B.Positive. C.Tolerant. D.Objective.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthejourneytotheArctic？______A.Expensive. B.Confidential. C.Fruitful. D.Casual.DWhenalivingthinggivesoffaglow（光），it'scalledbioluminescence.Firefliesareawell-knownexampleofbioluminescence.Manymushroomsarealsobio-luminescent.Firefliesandotherbio-luminescentcreatureslightupthankstochemicalsinsidetheirbodies.Thesechemicalsareknownasluciferins（熒光素），whichcauseachemicalreactionthatgivesofflight.

Plantsdon'tnaturallyhaveluciferins,sotherearenonaturallybio-luminescentplants.Inthepast,scientistscreatedglowingplantsbyaddingDNAfromglowingbacteria.Buttheglowingeffectwasweak.Theyalsocreatedglowingplantsbyaddingluciferinstoplants.In，ateamatMITwasabletocausewatercressplantstoglowforaboutfourhours.Now,researchersataRussiancompanycalledPlanta,workingwithscientistsfromtheUnitedKingdomandAustria,havecomeupwithanewmethodofcreatingglowingplantswhichlastaslongastheyarealive.Thescientistsfocusedonanacidthatisfoundinbothplantsandmushrooms.ByaddingcertainpartsoftheDNAfromglowingmushroomstoordinarytobaccoplants,thescientistsareabletocreateplantsthatcanmaketheirownluciferinsusingthisacid.Thescientistsreportthatthegreenishlightisabout10timesbrighterthaninearlierones,whichisstrongenoughtobeeasilyrecordedwithanordinarycamera,butdoesn'taffectthehealthoftheplants.

Glowingplantsreflectthewayplantswork.Thescientistspointoutthattheglowingisn'tconstant,butseemstochange,dependinguponwhatishappeninginsidetheplants.Youngerpartsoftheplantsglowmorestronglythanolderparts.Theflowersglowespeciallybrightly.They'venoticedmovingpatternsoflightintheplants,whichtheythinkmayshowactivityinplantsthatnormallycan'tbeseen.Theglowingalsohelpsuncoverhowplantsmaybeaffectedbythingsaroundthem.Forexample,theplantsglowmuchmorestronglywhenaripebananaskinisnearby.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphfocuson？______A.Whatbioluminescenceis. B.Whatluciferinsareusedfor.

C.Whychemicalreactionexists. D.Whysomelivingthingsglow.Howdotobaccoplantsproduceluciferins？______A.Byglowingconstantly. B.Byusinganinputchemical.

C.Bymakingglowingbacteria. D.Byabsorbingnaturallight.Whatdoestheauthorconveyaboutglowingplantsinthelastparagraph？______A.Theactivitiesoftheirlight.

B.Theirvaluetothescientists.

C.Theireffectsonotherplants.

D.Thespacesoftheirexistence.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.ScientistsCreateGlowingPlants

B.GlowingPlantsAttractScientists

C.PlantsGlowBetterandBetter

D.MakingPlantsGlowIsNecessary二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Listeningtomusicisrelativelyinexpensiveandeveryonecandoiteasily.Asisknowntoall,musichasmanybenefits.（1）______Meanwhile,youcanalsomakeuseofittocreatemorejoyinyourlife.Herearesomeways.

Letmusicsay"Goodmorning"toyou.（2）______Thismusiceasesyouintothedaylikeabeautifulsunrise,andstartsyououtinagoodmood.ThisiseasytoprogramifyouhaveaSmartphonethatallowsyoutochooseasongasyouralarm.Apositivemorningmusicceremonyisasurewaytostartyourdayoffinabettermood.（3）______

Singaloudwithmusicasoftenasyoucan.Ifyouwanttotakethepositiveeffectsoflisteningtomusictoanotherlevel,trysinging.Singingisoneofthebestwaystoregulatebreathingandpromoterelaxation.Singintheshower；singinthecar.（4）______Thisisnotaboutperformingbutaboutyourrelaxation.Ifyou'regoingtosing,pickingandsingingthesongsthatyouknowwillputyouinabettermood,inspireyou,orhelpyourelax.

（5）______Ifyouhaveadailyexerciseroutine,trytakingmusicalongwithyou.Amorningwalkorruncanbecomeeasierandmoreenjoyableifyouhavemusicasyourpersonalcoachandcompanion.Again,itisimportantforyoutochoosemusicthatworksforyouandthatyouknowwillhavetheeffectyouaretryingtoachieve.

A.Trywakingtoafamiliarpieceofmusic.

B.Makemovementswithmusiceveryday.

C.Spendingafewminutessingingaloudisnecessary.

D.Don'tworryifyouthinkthatyouaren'ta"good"singer.

E.Findsomebeautifulandinspiringmusicwhileyou'reworking.

F.Youcanusemusicinyourdailyroutinetohelpreducestressandanxiety.

G.Thiscanalsopreventyourminddraggingyoubackintotheworriesofyesterday.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）PaigeCalendineofZanesville,Ohio,maylookalittledifferentfromherteammates,butshe'sjustastalented一ifnotmoreso.Paigewasbornwithoutlegs,butshehas（1）______alot.

Herparents,SeanandHeidi,choseearlyonnottoplace（2）______onher.Whenshewas18monthsold,theyenrolled（報名）heringymnasticsclassestohelpher（3）______upperbodystrength!

"Becauseshewasbornwithoutlegs,shedoesn'tknowshe'sa（4）______，"Seanexplained."We（5）______rightawaythatwewouldnottreatherlikeadisabledchildormakethings（6）______forher.Wewantedhertolearnhowto（7）______therealworld."

Intheyearssince,Paigehas（8）______herselftobeagiftedathlete!Today,she'spartoftheXceLTeamatZanesvilleGymnastics.Notonlyhasher（9）______inspiredhercoachesandteammates,butit'salsoearnedher（10）______!InagymnasticscompetitionlastOctober,the8-year-oldtookfirstplace!（11）______，sheislookingforwardtotryingothersportsinthefuture,includingswimmingandarchery（箭術(shù)）！Shehasnever（12）______herabilitiesandhopestoencourageotherstoadoptthesame（13）______"Faceyourdisadvantagebravely,andyoucan（14）______anythingthathappensinyourlife,"shesaid.

Whataninspiration!Paigehas（15）______thatwedon'thavetoletanythinggetinthewayofdoingwhatwelove.

A.suffered B.achieved C.thought D.seen

A.attention B.limits C.association D.goals

A.build B.evaluate C.control D.discover

A.phenomenon B.shame C.burden D.disability

A.announced B.signaled C.decided D.advocated

A.accurate B.useful C.easy D.clear

A.adjustto B.careabout C.dependon D.cheerfor

A.considered B.proven C.believed D.encouraged

A.honor B.potential C.desire D.talent

A.medals B.skills

C.sympathy D.responsibility

A.Unexpectedly B.Randomly C.Unreasonably D.Differently

A.analyzed B.described C.doubted D.shared

A.hobby B.attitude C.luck D.concept

A.convey B.understand C.select D.overcome

A.concluded B.directed C.replied D.shown四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）Duringthe18thcentury,seasideholidaysbegan.However,atthattime,itwasonlyaluxury（奢侈）forthewealthiestpeople.Onlytheupperclass（1）______（visit）theseasideintheirfreetime.（2）______firstBritishseasidetownwasScarborough,（3）______becamepopularwhenastreamofacidicwaterwasfoundinthesouthofit.Itwasbelievedthatthewatercouldcontributeto（4）______（treat）smalldiseases.Brighton,inthesouthoftheUK，wasalsoanearlyseasidetown.Itwas（5）______（extreme）popularwiththewealthy.KingGeorgeIVespeciallyenjoyedvisitingit.In1815，hetransformedhishomeintoapalacebythesea.Partofhishomehasnowbeenturnedintoamuseum.

Greatchangesaboutseasideholidays（6）______（take）placeoverthelastfewdecades.Inthebeginning,onlytherichcouldenjoythem,butnowadays,theyare（7）______（access）toall.Inthe1840s,the（8）______（invent）oftherailwayallowedawiderrangeofpeopletovisitthebeach,asitwasacheaperwaytotravelthanbefore.Asaresult（9）______this,morehotelswerebuiltbesidethesea.Beachesbecamemorepopulartoo.Bathingmachinesweremadeavailableforpeopletoget（10）______（change）in.Itwasbeachetiquette（禮儀）tousethem,particularlyforwomen.五、書面體現(xiàn)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Peter給你發(fā)郵件說他即將參與英國高考（A-level），但目前感到緊張，不知怎樣辦。請給他答復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.以詳細(xì)事例安慰對方；

2.提出提議。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的對應(yīng)位置作答。

DearPeter,

_______________________

Bestwishes!

Yours,

LiHua閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

LynnMarchessaultandhertwochildrenpackeduptheircarinGeorgiaandsettledinforafive-dayride.TheyweregoingtomeetupwithLynn'shusbandinAlaska,whereheisstationedasasoldier.

BecauseofCOVID-19regulations,theyhadtosticktoastrictfive-dayscheduletoreachtheirdestination.Unfortunately,oncetheyenteredCanada,thingsbegantotakeaturnfortheworse.Lynn'sphonedidn'thavesignalwithoutanInternetconnection,sotheyhadnoGPS.Nottomention,herwindshieldwipers（雨刮器）wouldn'twork,shewashavinganextremelydifficulttimedrivinginthesnow,whichshehadneverdonebefore,andshewasn'tallowedtostopanywhereforhelpbecauseofthetravelrestrictions.

Thankfully,awomannamedTeenanoticedhercryinginhercaratagasstation.UponhearingLynn'sstory,shedecidedtotakealookattheirtires.ShefoundthatLynnhadsummertires.That'swhyshewashavingsomuchtroubledrivinginthesnow.TeenahelpedLynngettoatireshop,wheretheownerhelpedherswapoutherwheelsforsomethatwerebettersuitedtothewinterweatherandchangedherwipers-eventhoughitwasSundayandthebusinesswasactuallyclosed.

Lynngotbackontheroad,onlytostopatahotelthatwasmeantonlyforoilfieldworkers.ButwhenAndy,thehotelmanager,sawthatLynnwasstruggling,hebenttherulestoletthemomandherkidsspendthenightsotheydidn'thavetogetbackontheroadincoldweather.

Unabletobeardrivinganotherthreedaysalone,LynndecidedtohireadrivertotakethemtherestofthewaytotheAlaskanborder,another1，000milesaway.ShereachedouttoTeenatoseeifshecouldhelpherfindsomeone.BetweenTeenaandthepowerofsocialmedia,theywereconnectedwithGaryBath,aCanadianRanger（護(hù)林員）whoofferedtohelpthemgettoAlaska!

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的對應(yīng)位置作答。

Overthecourseoftheirthree-daydrive,_______

LynnandGaryhadgreatconversations.________

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題3】D

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWildlifeBridge??部分Normally,animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges,soexpertsdidn'texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.Butrecently,they'vediscoveredmanydifferentkindsofanimalsarebeginningtomovebyusingthebridge.??????????????????????????????????????（一般狀況下，動物要花很長時間才能發(fā)現(xiàn)并開始使用野生動物的橋梁，因此專家們沒想到這座橋在幾年內(nèi)會有諸多流量。但近來，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)許多不一樣種類的動物開始運(yùn)用這座橋移動。）可知，它被動物使用已經(jīng)讓專家們對這座野生動物橋感到意外。故選B.

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWildlifeBridge??部分A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.??????????（建造了一道4.8公里長的圍欄，協(xié)助引導(dǎo)動物到橋上。）以及TheEco-Bridge?部分It's27.5meterslongandrunsoveroneofthebusiesthighwaysinthearea.????????????（它長27.5米，橫跨該地區(qū)最繁忙的公路之一。）可知，野生動物橋和生態(tài)橋橫跨高速公路。故選A.

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWildlifeBridge??部分A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.??????????（建造了一道4.8公里長的圍欄，協(xié)助引導(dǎo)動物到橋上。）TheRopeBridge??部分Butafteratyphoon,landslidescausedhugegapsintheforest,whichwereforcingthegibbonstomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapropebridge,whichsettledtheproblem.??????????????????????????（不過在臺風(fēng)過后，山體滑坡在森林中導(dǎo)致了巨大的缺口，迫使長臂猿做出危險的跳躍。科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了一種簡樸廉價的索橋，處理了這個問題。）TheEco-Bridge?部分Thoughthebridgeishighinthetrees,forestdepartmentworkershopethebridgewillhelpsmalleranimalsontheground,too.???????????????????（盡管橋在樹上很高，森林部門的工作人員但愿橋也能協(xié)助地面上的小動物。）TheParkBridge??部分Thisbridge,unliketheothersmentionedhere,wasbuiltforusebybothanimalsandhumans.Theparksaystheyhavealreadyseendeerusingthebridge.???????????????????????（這座橋與這里提到的其他橋不一樣，是為動物和人類建造的。公園說他們已經(jīng)看到鹿在橋上。）可知，建造這四座橋的共同目的是發(fā)明野生動物通道。A.Toattractmoretourists為了吸引更多的游客；B.Toreducetrafficaccidents減少交通事故；C.Tosaveendangeredanimals保護(hù)瀕危動物；D.Tocreatewildlifepassageways發(fā)明野生動物通道。故選D.

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。簡介了四座專門為動物搭建的橋的特點和用途。

閱讀理解，要先通讀全文，再結(jié)合題目到文章中針對性的尋找與題目有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)，抓關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句，仔細(xì)推敲，結(jié)合選項，逐一排除，如是錯誤選項，一定要明白體現(xiàn)錯誤所在；如是對的選項，一定是完全符合原文作者所要體現(xiàn)的意思、觀點或想法，或與文章中某些細(xì)節(jié)完全相符。

4.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】B

【解析】（1）D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的whereinsteadofpayingforproductswithcash，theircommunitycanearnpointswhichtheythentradein.（在那里，他們的小區(qū)不必用現(xiàn)金購置產(chǎn)品，而是可以賺取積分，然后進(jìn)行交易。）可知，該商店不用現(xiàn)金購置商品，而是靠做好事獲取積分，以便購置商品。這是它的尤其之處。故選D項。

（2）A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Itismeanttoprovidenecessarydailygoodsforfamiliesinneed."（它的目的是為有需要的家庭提供必要的平常用品。）可知，商店的目的是為有需要的家庭提供必要的平常用品。故選A項。

（3）C．詞義猜測題。本句前面Familiesareautomaticallyawardedpointsbasedontheirfamilysize,butstudentscanhelpthefamiliesearnmorebyhelpingoutaroundtheschool,cleaning,orgettinggoodreferrals（推薦）fromtheirteachers.（家庭會根據(jù)家庭規(guī)模自動獲得分?jǐn)?shù)，但學(xué)生可以通過在學(xué)校周圍幫忙、打掃衛(wèi)生或從老師那里得到好的推薦來協(xié)助家庭賺取更多的收入。）可知根據(jù)家庭規(guī)模，家庭會自動獲得積分，但學(xué)生可以通過做好人好事協(xié)助這些家庭獲得更多積分，例如，在學(xué)校打掃衛(wèi)生，或從老師那里得到好的推薦等。再結(jié)合本句后部分的"comparedwiththetraditionalapproaches…"，闡明相對于老式的措施，這些措施是有創(chuàng)意的。故劃線詞"ingenious"意為"有創(chuàng)意的"與creative同義。A.Careful小心的；B.Strict嚴(yán)格的；C.Creative有創(chuàng)意的；D.Flexible靈活的。故選C項。

（4）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四段內(nèi)容，尤其是第四段中的Sothestorehastheextraprofitofgivingitsstudentemployees'valuableexperience.（因此，這家商店有額外的利潤，給學(xué)生員工的寶貴經(jīng)驗。）可知，這種商店尚有一種額外的好處，那就是使它的學(xué)生"雇員"獲得寶貴的經(jīng)驗。故選B項。

這是一篇闡明文。琳達(dá)?塔特高中（LindaTuttHighSchool??）在桑格市（Sanger）開了一家獨特的雜貨店，學(xué)生、員工以及學(xué)校所在的小區(qū)不用現(xiàn)金購置商品，他們可以通過做好事獲得積分，然后用積分進(jìn)行交易。

考察社會文化類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出對的的選擇。

8.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】C

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Themission（任務(wù)）waspartofa＄155millionprojectknownasMOSAiC，

ledbyGermany'sAlfredWegenerInstitute（AWl），whosegoalistolearnmoreabouttheicethatformsneartheNorthPole."（該任務(wù)是一種名為"馬賽克"的項目的一部分，該項目由德國的阿爾弗雷德韋格納研究所（AWI）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，其目的是更多地理解北極附近形成的冰。）可知，"馬賽克"項目的目的是更多地理解北極附近形成的冰。A.Protecttheicecap.保護(hù)冰帽；B.Stoptheicemelting.制止冰融化；C.Studytheicedeeply.深入研究冰；D.Breakupheavyice.打碎厚厚的冰。故選C.

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Firstandmostimportantly,thePolarsternhadtofindanicefloethatisusedasitsprimaryresearchbase."（首先也是最重要的是，極地號必須找到一塊浮冰作為它的重要研究基地。）和"However,doingitprovedeasiersaidthandone."（然而，事實證明，說起來輕易做起來難。）可知，找到合適的浮冰對極地號上的科學(xué)家來說是最大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選A.

（3）D.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第三段"'WearewatchingtheArcticseaicedie,'saidthemission'sleader,MarkusRex.Theteamreportsthattheiceshelfisfullofholes,andthattheicethatremainsisthinandmelting.Recentsatellitemeasurementssupportthatidea.Thesizeofthisyear'sicecapisthesecondsmallesteverrecorded."（"我們正在看著北極海冰消失，"該任務(wù)的負(fù)責(zé)人馬庫斯雷克斯說。研究小組匯報說，冰架上到處都是洞，剩余的冰很薄并且正在融化。近來的衛(wèi)星測量數(shù)據(jù)支持了這一觀點。今年的冰帽是有記錄以來第二小的。）可知，作者只是客觀描述北極海冰的現(xiàn)實狀況，沒有作評判。A.Carefree.無憂無慮的；B.Positive.肯定的；C.Tolerant.寬容的；D.Objective.客觀的。故選D.

（4）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"NextcomesthelongprocessofstudyingallthedatathatwasCollectedduringthelastyear.ThomasKrumpen,oneofthescientists,said'We'lllikelybebusywithitoverthenexttenyears.'"（接下來是對去年搜集到的所有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行研究的漫長過程。其中一位科學(xué)家托馬斯克倫彭說："在未來的十年里，我們也許會忙于研究它。"）和第五段"Thescientistshopethisabundantinformationwillhelpthemmakebetterpredictionsaboutclimatechange."（科學(xué)家們但愿這些豐富的信息可以協(xié)助他們更好地預(yù)測氣候變化。）"可推知，"極地號"本次北極之旅收獲頗豐。A.Expensive.寶貴的；B.Confidential.保密的；C.Fruitful.富有成果；D.Casual.隨意的。故選C.

本文是一篇闡明文。德國"極地號"在北極冰帽中冷凍了一年后，于9月終于回到了德國的不來梅港。該船搜集了大量有關(guān)北極冰的信息，科學(xué)家們但愿這些信息可以協(xié)助他們更好地預(yù)測氣候變化。

考察健康環(huán)境保護(hù)類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出對的的選擇。

12.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】B【小題4】A

【解析】（1）D.段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Whenalivingthinggivesoffaglow,it'scalledbioluminescence.Firefliesareawell-knownexampleofbioluminescence.Manymushroomsarealsobio-luminescent.Firefliesandotherbio-luminescentcreatureslightupthankstochemicalsinsidetheirbodies.Thesechemicalsareknownasluciferins,whichcauseachemicalreactionthatgivesofflight."（當(dāng)一種生物發(fā)出光時，它被稱為生物發(fā)光。螢火是一種眾所周知的生物發(fā)光的例子。許多蘑菇也有生物發(fā)光。螢火蟲和其他發(fā)光生物之因此發(fā)光是由于它們體內(nèi)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)被稱為熒光素，它們會引起發(fā)光的化學(xué)反應(yīng)。）可知，第一段的重是為何有些生物會發(fā)光。故選D.

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"ByaddingcertainpartsoftheDNAfromglowingmushroomstoordinarytobaccoplants,thescientistsareabletocreateplantsthatcanmaketheirownluciferinsusingthisacid."（通過將發(fā)光蘑菇的特定DNA片段添加到一般煙草植物中，科學(xué)家們可以發(fā)明出運(yùn)用這種酸來制造自己的熒光素的植物。）可知，煙草植物運(yùn)用一種加入化學(xué)物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生熒光素。故選B.

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最終一段中"Glowingplantsreflectthewayplantswork."（發(fā)光植物反應(yīng)了植物的活動方式。）以及倒數(shù)第二句"Theglowingalsohelpsuncoverhowplantsmaybeaffectedbythingsaroundthem."（這種發(fā)光植物尚有助于揭示植物是怎樣受到周圍環(huán)境的影響的。）可推知，本段作者在傳達(dá)發(fā)光植物對于科學(xué)家們的價值所在。故選B.

（4）A.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中"Now,researchersataRussiancompanycalledPlanta,workingwithscientistsfromtheUnitedKingdomandAustria,havecomeupwithanewmethodofcreatingglowingplantswhichlastaslongastheyarealive."（目前，一家名為Planta的俄羅斯企業(yè)的研究人員與來自英國和奧地利的科學(xué)家合作，提出了一種發(fā)明發(fā)光植物的新措施，這種植物可以一直存活下去。）結(jié)合文章闡明了植物自身并沒有熒光素，因此沒有天然的發(fā)光植物。但科學(xué)家們通過不停嘗試，發(fā)明出了可以發(fā)光的植物。文章簡介了這種植物的某些特性和發(fā)光植物對于科學(xué)家們的價值所在?？芍?，A選項"科學(xué)家發(fā)明出發(fā)光的植物"最符合文章標(biāo)題。A.ScientistsCreateGlowingPlants.科學(xué)家發(fā)明出發(fā)光的植物；B.GlowingPlantsAttractScientists.發(fā)光植物吸引科學(xué)家；C.PlantsGlowBetterandBetter.植物發(fā)光越來越好；D.MakingPlantsGlowIsNecessary.使植物發(fā)光是必要的。故選A.

本文是闡明文。植物自身并沒有熒光素，因此沒有天然的發(fā)光植物。但科學(xué)家們通過不停嘗試，發(fā)明出了可以發(fā)光的植物。文章簡介了這種植物的某些特性和發(fā)光植物對于科學(xué)家們的價值所在。

做此類題材閱讀理解時規(guī)定考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出有關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出對的答案。在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出對的答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

16.【答案】【小題1】F【小題2】A【小題3】G【小題4】D【小題5】B

【解析】（1）F.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Listeningtomusicisrelativelyinexpensiveandeveryonecandoiteasily.Asisknowntoall,musichasmanybenefits.（聽音樂相對廉價，每個人都能輕松做到。眾所周知，音樂有諸多好處）"以及后文"Meanwhile,youcanalsomakeuseofittocreatemorejoyinyourlife.Herearesomeways.（同步，你也可以運(yùn)用它來為你的生活發(fā)明更多的樂趣。這里有某些措施）"可知，上文提到音樂有諸多好處，可推測本句承接上文深入列舉音樂的好處有哪些。故F選項"你可以在平常生活中使用音樂來協(xié)助減少壓力和焦急"符合語境，故選F.

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Letmusicsay"Goodmorning"toyou.（讓音樂對你說"早上好"）"以及后文"Thismusiceasesyouintothedaylikeabeautifulsunrise,andstartsyououtinagoodmood.ThisiseasytoprogramifyouhaveaSmartphonethatallowsyoutochooseasongasyouralarm.Apositivemorningmusicceremonyisasurewaytostartyourdayoffinabettermood.（這首音樂讓你進(jìn)入一天的狀態(tài)，就像漂亮的日出，讓你心情愉悅。假如你的智能手機(jī)容許你選擇一首歌曲作為鬧鐘，那么這很輕易設(shè)置。一種積極的上午音樂典禮肯定會讓你有一種更好的心情開始你的一天）"可知，本段重要闡明的是通過音樂來叫自己起床，故A選項"試著在熟悉的音樂中醒來"符合語境，故選A。.

（3）G.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)上文"Apositivemorningmusicceremonyisasurewaytostartyourdayoffinabettermood.（一種積極的上午音樂典禮肯定會讓你有一種更好的心情開始你的一天）"可知，上文提到了用音樂開始一天的好處，本句為本段最終一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)闡明這一措施的好處。故G選項"這也可以防止你的大腦把你拖回到昨天的煩惱中"符合語境，故選G.

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Singingisoneofthebestwaystoregulatebreathingandpromoterelaxation.Singintheshower；singinthecar.（唱歌是調(diào)整呼吸和增進(jìn)放松的最佳方式之一。在淋浴時歌唱，在車?yán)锍瑁?以及后文"Thisisnotaboutperformingbutaboutyourrelaxation.Ifyou'regoingtosing,pickingandsingingthesongsthatyouknowwillputyouinabettermood,inspireyou,orhelpyourelax.（這不是演出的問題，而是放松的問題。假如你要唱歌，挑某些你懂得會讓你心情更好的歌曲，鼓勵你，或協(xié)助你放松）"可知，本段簡介的措施是唱歌來放松，且后文提到了不是演出的問題，可推測唱歌好不好聽并不需要緊張，重要的是放松。故D選項"假如你認(rèn)為你不是一種‘好'歌手，不要緊張"符合語境，故選D.

（5）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文"Ifyouhaveadailyexerciseroutine,trytakingmusicalongwithyou.Amorningwalkorruncanbecomeeasierandmoreenjoyableifyouhavemusicasyourpersonalcoachandcompanion.Again,itisimportantforyoutochoosemusicthatworksforyouandthatyouknowwillhavetheeffectyouaretryingtoachieve.（假如你每天均有鍛煉的習(xí)慣，試著把音樂帶在身邊。假如你有音樂作為你的私人教練和伙伴，上午散步或跑步會變得更輕易和更快樂。再次強(qiáng)調(diào)，選擇適合你的音樂是很重要的，并且你懂得它會產(chǎn)生你想要到達(dá)的效果）"可知，后文提到每天鍛煉時聽音樂，即跟著音樂做運(yùn)動。B選項中movements對應(yīng)后文中haveadailyexerciseroutine。故B選項"每天跟著音樂做運(yùn)動"符合語境，故選B.

這是一篇闡明文。眾所周知，音樂有諸多好處，在平常生活中使用音樂可以協(xié)助減少壓力和焦急，文章重要簡介了某些音樂的好處以及怎樣運(yùn)用音樂來為生活發(fā)明樂趣的措施。

技巧

①通讀全文，理解文章大意；

②細(xì)讀七個選項，找出和文章相對應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞，分析選項間的邏輯關(guān)系；

③根據(jù)文章整體構(gòu)造、詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，選出最佳選項；