經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理ii16春季期中2僅試題版

II（2016年春季學(xué)期）期中考試2（A卷）（50WhentheJapanesecarmakerToyotaexpandsoneofitscarfactoriesintheUnitedStates,whatisthelikelyimpactofthiseventontheGDPandtheGNPoftheUnitedStates?GDPrisesandGNPGNPrisesandGDPGDPshowsalargerincreasethanGNPshowsalargerincreasethanNinawantstobuyandoperateanice-creamtruckbutdoesn’thavethefinancialresourcestostartthebusiness.Sheborrows$5,000fromherfriendMax,towhomshepromisesaninterestrateof7percent,andgetsanother$10,000fromherfriendDavid,towhomshepromisesathirdofherprofits.Whatbestdescribesthissituation?Maxisastockholder,andNinaisaMaxisastockholder,andDavidisaDavidisastockholder,andNinaisaDavidisastockholder,andMaxisaOverthepastdecade,newcomputertechnologyhasenabledfirmstoreducesubstantiallytheamountofinventoriestheyholdforeachdollarofsales.Expendituresoninventoriesareatypeofinvestment.Otherthingsequal,thischangewillinvestmentinfactoriesandequipment,andprivatesavings.ThepopulationofEcteniais100people:40workfull-time,20workhalf-timebutwouldprefertoworkfull-time,10arelookingforajob,10wouldliketoworkbutaresodiscouragedtheyhavegivenuplooking,10arenotinterestedinworkingbecausetheyarefull-timestudents,and10areretired.WhatistheunemploymentrateinEctenia?10percent,thenitscapitalwillbereducedWhichofthefollowingactionsbytheFedwouldreducethemoneyareductioninbanks’reserveanincreaseintheinterestratepaidonadecreaseinthediscountrateonFedHigherpricelevelinaneconomywillholdingsofmoneybythepeople;higherinflationratewillholdingofmoneybythepeople.(Hint:considertheshoe-leathercostsofinflation.)decrease,中T為其納稅額，Y為其收入，式中各項(xiàng)均為名義值。假定一個(gè)人的實(shí)際收入恒定為100,000。則在沒(méi)有通貨膨脹時(shí)，其實(shí)際的平均稅率為，在發(fā)生10%通貨膨脹時(shí)，其真實(shí)的Deflationisdefinedasthedecreaseintheoveralllevelofpricesintheeconomy.Amongallthecostsofinflation,whichoneisleastlikelytobethecostsofdeflation?LeatherMenuII.Equilibriumonthemarketforloanablefunds.(9EconomistsinFunlandia,aclosedeconomy,havecollectedthefollowinginformationabouttheeconomyforaparticularyear:Theeconomistsalsoestimatethattheconsumptionfunctionandtheinvestmentfunctionis:C=0.8*(Y-T)-10,000r,I=3,300-10,000r,whereristhecountry’srealinterestrate.Derivetheprivatesavingfunctionandthenationalsavingfunction,whicharefunctionsofr.(2NowsupposetheGincreasefrom1,700toFindthenewequilibriumrealinterest,investmentandnationalsaving.(2pts)Nowthenationsavingfunctionis:Nowsupposethegovernmentimposesasavingtax:foreachunitofsaving,thedepositorsshouldpayataxoft=0.01units.ThetaxrevenuecollectedisusedtoincreaseT.Findthenewequilibriumrealinterestforthedepositorsandtheinvestors,andalsotheequilibriuminvestmentandnationalsaving.(3pts)三、勞動(dòng)合同法與摩擦性失業(yè)（12分假定在一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)中，每個(gè)工人和企業(yè)均簽訂為期1年的合同。合同到期后，企業(yè)決定是否找到新工作后仍然由企業(yè)和工人簽訂為期1年的合同。以此類推。1多少？（提示：每個(gè)工人每工作多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就會(huì)失業(yè)1次？）（2分）1濟(jì)的失業(yè)率又是多少？（t1t的表達(dá)式。）（2分）（2年后3個(gè)聘期開(kāi)始時(shí)，如果還要繼續(xù)雇傭該工人，必須與該工人簽訂無(wú)固定期限合同。假定該無(wú)固定期限合同一旦簽訂，工人在退休之前都不得被解雇。假定一個(gè)工人從進(jìn)入勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)到離開(kāi)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)（退休）的時(shí)間為10年。變化，計(jì)算出新的失業(yè)率。（1分）5（時(shí)間就會(huì)失業(yè)1）（2分）聘的概率上升到80%。在第1個(gè)聘期結(jié)束時(shí)選擇不續(xù)聘的概率仍為50%。業(yè)率是上升還是下降？（2分）一定？并給出直觀的解釋。（1分）可以通過(guò)勞動(dòng)合同法來(lái)試圖減少失業(yè)。你覺(jué)得哪個(gè)辦法更好？解釋你的回答。（1分）四、銀行擠兌與央行再貸款（11分提取10%的法定準(zhǔn)備金率。T型賬戶。該