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UNIT2
ExploringEnglishSectionB
Usinglanguage
話題詞匯
詞匯一英美詞匯、拼寫和語法的差異(部分示例)
【教材原句】AmericanandBritishEnglish美式英語和英式英語
題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法【學(xué)法點撥】英美英語的拼寫規(guī)則比較(部分):(1)美式英語中通常將英式英語中的字母組合our中的u省去;(2)美式英語中通常用z代替英式英語中的s;(3)構(gòu)詞時英式英語中單詞要雙寫最后的輔音字母,而美式英語則不需要;(4)英式英語中有一些單詞名詞形式中的c在動詞形式中要變成s,但是美式英語中不存在這樣的情況,全部都用c;(5)一些在英式英語中以re結(jié)尾的單詞,在美式英語里以er結(jié)尾;(6)一些英式英語中的單詞以gue結(jié)尾,但在美式英語中統(tǒng)統(tǒng)以g結(jié)尾;(7)美國人把“輪胎”拼成tire,而英國人拼成tyre。
詞匯填空
AmericanEnglishBritishEnglishVocabularypants褲子candy糖果garbage垃圾vacation假期restroom/bathroom洗手間trousers褲子________糖果rubbish垃圾
________假期toilet洗手間Spellingcenter中心color顏色traveler旅行者behavior行為organize組織program項目,程序centre中心________顏色traveller旅行者behaviour行為_________組織programme項目,程序sweetholidaycolourorganise
AmericanEnglishBritishEnglishGrammarSamjustwenthome.
薩姆剛剛回家。Thatskirtfitbadly.
那條裙子很不合身。Hello,isthisWangLi?(onthephone)你好,是王麗嗎?(在電話中)IliveonZhenningRoad.我住在珍寧路。Callmeat55555678.撥打55555678找我。Sam’sjustgonehome.
薩姆剛剛回家。Thatskirtfittedbadly.
那條裙子很不合身。Hello,is______WangLi?(onthephone)你好,是王麗嗎?(在電話中)Ilive
_______
ZhenningRoad.我住在珍寧路。Callme______55555678.撥打55555678找我。thatinon核心詞匯詞匯二comeacross(偶然)遇見,發(fā)現(xiàn);被理解
【教材原句】Whenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotofunfamiliarwords.當(dāng)你打開詞典時,你經(jīng)常會遇到許多不熟悉的單詞?!疽c必記】表示“偶然遇見”的短語還有:runacross,meetwith,happento,runinto,meet...bychance。 【歸納拓展】comeabout發(fā)生cometo總共;達(dá)到comeup走近,靠近;被提及,被討論comeout出版;出現(xiàn);開花comealong到達(dá);趕快comeupwith想出,想到(答案等) 單句語法填空(1)Shecame
anoldfriendofhersyesterdaywhileshewasshoppingatthedepartmentstore.(2)Theargumentcame
whentheytalkedaboutpolitics.(3)SinceMoYanwontheNobelPrizein2012,hisfanshavebeeneagerlywaitingforhismorenewnovelstocome
. 單句寫作(4)你能告訴我這起事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎?Canyoutellmehowtheaccident
?(5)有幾位同學(xué)提出了自己的建議。Severalofthestudentshave
suggestionsoftheirown.acrossaboutoutcomeaboutcomeupwith詞匯三contact(1)vt.聯(lián)絡(luò);聯(lián)系(2)n.聯(lián)系;接觸
【教材原句】afriendthatyoucontactbywriting,traditionallyusingapen通過寫信,傳統(tǒng)上用鋼筆寫來聯(lián)系的一位朋友【要點必記】be/get/stay/keepincontactwithsb.與某人保持聯(lián)系losecontactwithsb.與某人失去聯(lián)系makecontactwithsb.與某人取得聯(lián)系bringsb.intocontactwithsth.使某人接觸某物 單句寫作(1)Then,afterthegirlhadbecomefamous,hetriedto
(與她取得聯(lián)系).(2)Givethenamesoftwopeople
(可以聯(lián)系上的)incaseofemergency.單句語法填空(3)Thecollegehasbroughtmeintocontact
westernideas.makecontactwithherwhocanbecontactedwith詞匯四organizationn.組織,團(tuán)體,機(jī)構(gòu)(亦作organisation)
【教材原句】WorldTradeOrganisation世界貿(mào)易組織【詞語積累】organize/organisevt.組織;安排organizer/organisern.組織者organized/organisedadj.有組織的,有條理的wellorganized精心組織的【一言助記】Theorganiserwastoldtoorganiseameetingforavoluntaryorganisation.那個組織者被要求為一個志愿者組織安排一次會議。 單句語法填空(1)ThelettersWTOstandfortheWorldTrade
(organise).(2)Itissaidthatthemeeting
(organise)verywellandeverythingwentsmoothly.(3)Heworksforabusiness
(organise)andoftentravelseverywhere.單句寫作(4)They
(成立了一個組織)tohelpthehomelesspeople.
Organisationwasorganisedorganisationsetupanorganization詞匯五likelyadj.可能的,可能發(fā)生的
【教材原句】unlike,dislike,likeness,likely,liking,unlikely不像、不喜歡、喜歡、可能的、(對……的)喜歡、不可能的【要點必記】Itislikelythat...可能…… 【詞語辨析】likely,possible與probable三者都可表示“可能的”??赡苄裕簆robable>likely>possible(1)likely:主語為人、物或形式主語it句式:Sb./Sth.islikelytodosth.
Itislikelythat...(2)possible:主語為物或形式主語it句式:Itispossible(forsb.)todosth./Itispossiblethat...(3)probable:主語為物或形式主語it句式:Itisprobablethat...
辨析填空(likely/possible/probable)(1)Woulditbe
formetospeaktothechiefdoctorandtellhimtouselessmorphine?(2)Itis
thattheaddictwillbesenttothetreatmentcentre.(3)Astimegoesby,thepriceofhousesis
tobereducedtoanormallevel.單句寫作(4)Theinjuredboy
(有可能)receivetreatmenttomorrow.(5)
(他有可能)hewillsharehisexperiencewithus.(6)[2015·四川卷]Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;he
(非常有可能成為)aBeethoven.possiblelikely/possible/probablelikelyislikelytoItislikelythatisverylikelytobe詞匯六additionn.增加物,添加物;此外,除此之外inaddition除此之外
【教材原句】Eachyear,manyadditionsaremadetoEnglishdictionaries.每年,英語詞典都會增加許多詞條。【要點必記】inaddition“除此之外,另外”,是副詞,單獨作狀語inadditionto“除……之外(還)”,是短語介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞【學(xué)法點撥】inaddition可用于句首、句中或句末,用于句首或句中時,通常用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。 辨析填空(inaddition/inadditionto)(1)Icanposttheletterforyou.
,doingsomewalkingdoesmegood.(2)
thenamesonthelist,therearesixotherapplicants.(3)[天津卷]
theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.單句寫作(4)Theproductsareofhighquality.
(另外),thepriceislow.(5)
(除了游泳),shelikesplayingtheguitar.InadditionInadditiontoInadditiontoInadditionInadditiontoswimming單元語法構(gòu)詞法英語構(gòu)詞法主要有四種:派生法、合成法、轉(zhuǎn)化法和縮略法。 要點一派生法
在一個詞根的前面或后面加上某個詞綴生成一個新詞,這種構(gòu)詞法稱為派生法。加在前面的詞綴叫前綴,加在后面的詞綴叫后綴。 (1)前綴前綴一般只改變詞的意義,不改變詞性。①表示否定意義的前綴 前綴例詞un-unfit
不健康的;不合適的unlike不像unlimited無限的dis-dislike不喜歡disagree不同意disappear消失前綴例詞in-/im-/ir-/il-incomplete不完全的impossible不可能的irregular不規(guī)則的illegal不合法的non-non-smoker不抽煙者non-stop不停的non-violence非暴力mis-misunderstand誤解misuse誤用misread讀錯②表示其他意義的前綴 前綴含義例詞a-
的asleep睡著的alive活著的en-使enrich使豐富enlarge使擴(kuò)大inter-互相international國際的Internet因特網(wǎng)re-再,又,重recycle再循環(huán)rebuild重建tele-遠(yuǎn)程的television電視telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡前綴含義例詞auto-
自動automatic自動的autodial自動撥號co-共同co-worker同事cooperate合作anti-反對,防止antibody抗體antifreeze防凍劑multi-多multicultural多元文化的multichannel多頻道的kilo-千kilogram千克kilometre千米(2)后綴后綴通常改變詞性,構(gòu)成意思相近的其他詞性的詞,少數(shù)后綴會改變詞義。①形容詞后綴 后綴含義例詞-able可……的,能……的acceptable可接受的movable可移動的-al屬于……的,具有……性質(zhì)的cultural文化的magical有魔力的-an某地的,……人的Asian亞洲(人)的Canadian加拿大(人)的-en由……制作的wooden木制的woolen羊毛的后綴含義例詞-ern……方向的eastern東方的western西方的-ese
某國(人)的Chinese中國(人)的Japanese日本(人)的-ful充滿……的harmful有害的respectful恭敬的-less沒有……的useless無用的hopeless絕望的-ic/-ical與……有關(guān)的,……的historic歷史的typical典型的后綴含義例詞-ish如……的selfish自私的childish孩子氣的-ive有……性質(zhì)的,有……傾向的impressive給人深刻印象的protective保護(hù)的-ous有……特性的dangerous危險的mountainous多山的;山一般的-ly有……性質(zhì)的friendly友好的likely可能的-y充滿……的wealthy富有的dusty積滿灰塵的②動詞后綴
后綴例詞-fy/-ifysimplify簡化classify將……分類-enshorten縮短widen加寬-ize/-iserealize/realise實現(xiàn)apologize/apologise道歉③副詞后綴 后綴含義例詞-ly……地personally就個人而言;親自totally完全地-ward(s)表示“方向”forward(s)向前(地)westward(s)向西(地)④名詞后綴 后綴含義例詞-er
人designer設(shè)計師programmer程序員-or人sailor水手actor演員-ist
人specialist專家artist藝術(shù)家-ess女性,雌性actress女演員lioness母獅-ful充滿……的量handful一把mouthful一滿口后綴含義例詞-ment狀態(tài),結(jié)果excitement興奮,刺激achievement成就-ness狀態(tài),性質(zhì)sickness疾病kindness仁慈,好意-tion/-ation狀態(tài),行為production生產(chǎn);制造explanation解釋;說明-sion狀態(tài),行為admission允許進(jìn)入permission許可;允許-th性質(zhì),狀態(tài),過程warmth溫暖strength強(qiáng)項;力量-an/-ian人musician音樂家physician醫(yī)生后綴含義例詞-ism……主義;行業(yè)optimism樂觀;樂觀主義tourism旅游業(yè)-ship情況,狀態(tài),性質(zhì);身份,職業(yè);技能relationship關(guān)系citizenship公民權(quán)musicianship音樂技能-y
狀態(tài),性質(zhì)difficulty困難honesty誠實-hood時期;狀態(tài);身份childhood童年motherhood母親身份⑤數(shù)詞后綴
后綴例詞-teenfourteen十四eighteen十八-tyforty四十eighty八十-thfourth第四eighth第八第一組:前綴用括號內(nèi)所給詞的派生詞填空(1)Shenevergetsanyexercise—shemustbereally
(fit).(2)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Hernervousnessquickly
(appear)onceshewasonstage.(3)No,I
(agree).Idon’tthinkitwouldbetherightthingtodo.(4)—IwanttospeaktoMrFranks.—I’mafraidthat’s
(possible).(5)[2015·湖北卷]Thismeetingroomisa
(smoking)area.Iwouldliketowarnyouinadvancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined. unfitdisappeareddisagreeimpossiblenon-smoking(6)Don’t
(understand)me—Iamgratefulforallyou’vedone.(7)Hewassotiredthathefell
(sleep)athisdesk.(8)Itwasabadaccident—they’reluckytobe
(live).(9)Thestudyofsciencehas
(rich)allourlives.(10)Readingwill
(large)yourvocabulary.(11)Howdoyoufindan
(national)partnerforyourproject?(12)Wetakeallourbottlestobe
(cycle).(13)Lucyturnedonthe
(vision)towatchtheeveningnews.misunderstandasleepaliveenrichedenlargeinternationalrecycledtelevision單詞拼寫(14)Mycameraisfully
(自動的).(15)Thinkaboutsomethingthathappenedtoyou,a
(同事),oramemberofyourfamily.(16)Weliveina
(多元文化的)society. automaticco-workermulticultural第二組:后綴用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(17)ForthiscourseapassinEnglishatgradeBis
(accept).(18)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Itisimportanttolookatthepoliticaland
(culture)contextinwhichthenovelwaswritten.(19)[2015·福建卷]Inthepicture,wecanseeaboyinwornclothes,sittingatashabby
(wood)tablewithapileofbooksonit.(20)[2019·天津卷]Personally,I’dwanttolearnabout
(west)painting.(21)[2019·江蘇卷]It’sanopportunitytomakethe
(China)culturebetterknowntointernationalstudents.
acceptableculturalwoodenwesternChinese(22)Ifweknowthatgossip(流言蜚語)canbe
(harm),thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?(23)Waterhadgotintotheradio,andnowitwascompletely
(use).(24)[2017·浙江11月卷]Themostobviousthingisthatthereismuchmoreactivityinthestreetsthanina
(type)UScity.(25)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]BrucePedersonsaystheideaisforpeoplenottobe_________(self)bykeepingabooktogatherdustonashelfathome.(26)Shewasvery
(impress)intheinterview. harmfuluselesstypicalselfishimpressive(27)[2018·天津卷]Theforestinthedarkis
(danger)forthem.(28)[2015·天津卷]Ineedn’thaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmatesherearevery
(friend)tome.(29)Heleftasapoor,workingclassboyandreturnedasa
(wealth)man.(30)Thebooksinthelibraryare
(class)accordingtosubject.(31)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecan
(broad)ourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks. (32)[2019·浙江卷]BeforehearingfromZac,Adelinehadn’t
(realize)themedalwasmissing.
dangerousfriendlywealthyclassifiedbroadenrealized(33)[2019·全國Ⅰ卷]Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypes___________(different).(34)[2019·全國Ⅰ卷]Whatisthesecondparagraph
(main)about?(35)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]ForWestern
(design),Chinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspiration(靈感)forWesterncreative.(36)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]Then,whenIwasinthefifthgrade,Iwantedtobea_________(teach)becauseIlikedmyEnglish
(teach)very/somuch.(37)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]Simonisacomedianand
(act)whohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.(38)[2019·江蘇卷]Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalented
(piano),gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.
differentlymainlydesignersteacherteacheractorpianist(39)[2018·浙江11月卷]Cabbiesknowallthelatestnewsaboutfilmstars,theRoyalFamily,governmentleaders,andpopularsingersoractorsand
(act).(40)[2017·浙江卷]LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledouta
(hand)ofsmallcarrotsandwasabouttothrowthemaway.(41)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]This
(develop)didnottakeplaceovernight.(42)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]First,youneedtoevaluate(評估)yourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,your
(weak),your
(achieve),yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.(43)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]Weareconfidentthatwecanwinthis
(compete).Butwesincerelyhopeyouwillgiveusyourguidanceand
(encourage). actresseshandfuldevelopmentweaknessesachievementscompetitionencouragement(44)[2019·江蘇卷]Hefeltconcernedabouthis
(ill).(45)[2019·天津3月卷]Forthefirsttime,Icouldsee
(soft)and_________(warm)inhiseyes. (46)[2019·全國Ⅰ卷]Whatmakesthe
(invent)ofthesmartkeyboardpossible?(47)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]Thereweretworeasonsforthe
(decide).(48)[2018·江蘇卷]Theartscreatejobsthathelpdeveloptheeconomy.Anygivenperformancetakesatourbusfullofartists,technicalexperts,managers,___________(music),orwriterstocreateanappealing(有感染力的)pieceofart.
illnesssoftnesswarmthinventiondecisionmusicians(49)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]“Ofcourse,wenoticeitwhenthesunisshining,”saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’s
(tour)office.(50)[2019·天津卷]—Mysongotafull
(scholar)tohisdreamuniversity!—Wow,goodforhim!What’shegoingtostudy?(51)[2018·浙江卷]Ihaveno
(difficult)communicatingwiththem.(52)[2019·北京卷]
(honest)isthebestpolicy.(53)[2018·浙江11月卷]Youprobablyhavebeenusingcaffeinesince___________(child).(54)[2019·北京卷]Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhis
(neighbour)arriveattheircollegeclassesontime. tourismscholarshipdifficultyHonestychildhoodneighbourhood要點二合成法
把兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞,這種構(gòu)詞法叫合成法,由合成法構(gòu)成的詞叫合成詞。(1)合成名詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①
n.+n.pineapple菠蘿mankind人類eggplant茄子 ②adj.+n.greenhouse溫室highway公路blackboard黑板 ③v.+n.breakwater防波堤pickpocket扒手playground操場④n.+v.sunshine陽光daybreak破曉 sunrise日出haircut理發(fā)⑤n.+v.-ingsightseeing觀光handwriting書法⑥v.-ing+n.diningcar餐車waitingroom候診室;候車室 ⑦adv.+n.inland內(nèi)陸overcoat大衣⑧v.+adv.get-together聯(lián)歡會breakdown破裂⑨adv.+v.outbreak爆發(fā)output產(chǎn)量downfall垮臺income收入⑩pron.+n.he-goat公山羊she-wolf母狼?其他方式:well-being健康grown-up成年人brother-in-law姐/妹夫go-between中間人commander-in-chief總司令passer-by路人 (2)合成動詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①n.+v.sunbathe沐日光浴sleepwalk夢游②adv.+v.download下載undergo經(jīng)歷③
adj.+v.whitewash粉刷blacklist列入黑名單 (3)合成形容詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①
adj.+n.-ednoble-minded高尚的good-tempered脾氣好的②
adj.+v.-inggood-looking好看的easy-going隨和的③adv.+v.-inghard-working勤勞的far-reaching影響深遠(yuǎn)的④n.+v.-ingpeace-loving熱愛和平的⑤n.+過去分詞state-owned國營的sunburnt曬黑的⑥adv.+過去分詞well-known著名的 widespread廣泛流傳的 ⑦adj./adv.+n.full-time全職的high-class高級的downtown市區(qū)的⑧n.+adj.ice-cold冰冷的airsick暈機(jī)的seasick暈船的carsick暈車的homesick想家的⑨num.+n.million-pound百萬英鎊的first-class頭等的⑩num.+n.+adj.eight-year-old八歲的five-metre-long五米長的?num.+n.-edthree-legged三條腿的ten-storeyed10層的?其他方式構(gòu)成的合成形容詞overall全部的face-to-face面對面的all-round全面的happy-go-lucky無憂無慮的 (4)合成副詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①adj.+n. hotfoot匆忙地②adv.+adv. however然而③prep.+n. overnight一夜之間④prep.+adv. forever永遠(yuǎn)(5)合成介詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①adv.+n. outside在……外面②prep.+adv. within在……之內(nèi) 完成句子第一組(1)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]學(xué)校組織了一次郊游。有些學(xué)生帶著菠蘿、火腿、炸茄子以及其他食物。Theschoolorganizedanouting.Somestudentstook
,hams,fried__________andotherfoodwiththem.(2)我們?yōu)槿祟惖男腋6?。Welabourforthehappinessof
.pineappleseggplantsmankind(3)[2015·廣東卷]薩莉走到講臺上,拿起一支粉筆,在黑板上寫了:“規(guī)則一:我們是一家人!”Sallywalkedontotheplatform,pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteonthe
:“Rule1:Wearefamily!”(4)我離開操場時,孩子們的笑聲還在我耳邊回響。 Thechildren’slaughterwasstillringinginmyearsasIleftthe
.(5)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]3500名居民不能同時享受陽光。The3,500residentscannotallenjoythe
atthesametime. blackboardplaygroundsunshine(6)[2017·北京卷]此外,沿江風(fēng)光令人驚嘆,有許多著名的觀光景點。Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmanywell-known___________spots.(7)候車室的公告牌要求人們不要吸煙和隨地吐痰。Noticesinthe
requestedthatyouneithersmokenorspit.(8)他把帽子和大衣放在一張椅子上。Heplacedhiscapand
onachair.(9)我在聯(lián)歡會上交了許多新朋友。Imademanynewfriendsatthe
. sightseeingwaitingroomovercoatget-together(10)旅游業(yè)是這個地區(qū)的主要收入來源。Tourismisamajorsourceof
forthearea.(11)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]然后走出去,制訂一個計劃,把你的童年記憶轉(zhuǎn)化為你的成年人花園。Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyour_________garden.(12)我走進(jìn)一家咖啡館坐下,望著來往的路人。Iwentandsatinacafeandwatchedthe
. incomegrown-uppassers-by第二組(13)每天上午富蘭克林都在游泳池中游泳,在池邊曬太陽。Franklinswamand
atthepooleverymorning.(14)用戶可以把資料下載到臺式機(jī)上。Userscan
theirmaterialtoadesktopPC.(15)墻已經(jīng)粉刷過了。Thewallshadbeen
.sunbatheddownloadwhitewashed第三組(16)他救了落水的朋友,這是很高尚的。Itwas
whenhesavedhisfriendfromdrowning.(17)她生性隨和,人緣很好。Her
naturemadeherpopular.(18)辛勤工作的人通常有可能得到他們想要的。
peopleusuallycangetwhattheywant.(19)我認(rèn)為他的演講激勵了每一個愛好和平的人。Ithinkthathisspeechinspiredevery
person. noble-mindedeasy-goingHard-workingpeace-loving(20)第二年,杰克被曬黑了,但是卻對自己的生產(chǎn)非常滿意。Thenextyear,Jackwas
butsatisfiedwithhisproductionverymuch.(21)[2017·浙江卷]著名畫家威廉·威廉姆斯來看他工作。WilliamWilliams,a
painter,cametoseehimwork. (22)媽媽有一份全職工作,但她必須做大部分家務(wù)。Momhasa
job,butshehastodomostofthehousework.
sunburntwell-knownfull-time(23)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]在我看來,這個女孩幾乎對什么都“暈”。她暈車、暈船、暈機(jī),甚至想家。Inmyview,thegirlis“sick”ofalmosteverything.Sheis
,
,_______andeven
.(24)這是一種優(yōu)等葡萄酒。Thisisa
wine.(25)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]一位90歲的老人被授予“年度最佳女性”稱號,因為她是英國最年長的全職員工,每周工作40小時。A
hasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”forbeingBritain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.(26)突然,她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張三條腿的小桌。Suddenlyshefoundalittle
table. carsickseasickairsickhomesickfirst-class90-year-oldthree-legged第四組(27)[2019·浙江卷]一些非常好的學(xué)校沒有規(guī)定穿校服。然而,校服仍然很流行。Someverygoodschoolsdon’thaveauniformpolicy.
,uniformsarestillpopular.(28)[2017·北京卷]當(dāng)實驗鼠不被允許睡覺時,它們會在一個月內(nèi)死亡。Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydie
amonth.Howeverwithin要點三轉(zhuǎn)化法一個單詞由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性,這種構(gòu)詞法稱為轉(zhuǎn)化法。(1)由名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞facen.臉→v.面對 housen.房屋→v.提供住處nursen.護(hù)士→v.護(hù)理 watern.水→v.澆水(2)由動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞curev.治療→n.治愈 leadv.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→n.領(lǐng)先地位callv.打電話→n.電話,通話 (3)由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞emptyadj.空的→v.把……騰空 narrowadj.狹窄的→v.使變窄slowadj.慢的→v.減慢,使減慢 betteradj.較好的→v.使改善freeadj.自由的→v.釋放(4)由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞briefadj.簡短的,簡要的→n.摘要,概要 goodadj.好的→n.好處(5)由副詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞forwardadv.向前→v.轉(zhuǎn)寄,轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn) nearadv.附近→v.靠近,接近(6)由名詞或數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞homen.家→adv.回家 firstnum.第一→adv.首先,最初(7)由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞longadj.冗長的;長的→adv.長時間地,長久地hardadj.硬的,難的→adv.激烈地;努力地(8)個別詞在一定場合下可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Thisdictionaryisamustforstudents.這是一本學(xué)生必備詞典。Hisargumentcontainstoomanyifsandbuts.他的辯論中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。 翻譯下列句子并指出畫線單詞的詞性(1)[2019·北京卷]Nervouslyfacingchallenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.(2)WerethereanycallsformewhileIwasout?(3)Thisiswheretherivernarrows.(4)I’monlytellingyouthisforyourowngood.
緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)時,我知道我會對自己低聲說那兩個簡單的詞——“做你自己”。face動詞我不在時有電話找我嗎?call名詞這條河就是在這里變窄的。narrow動詞我把這事告訴你只是為你好。good名詞(5)Wenearedthetopofthehill.(6)ItwasalovelydaysoIwalkedhome.(7)Hewasstillbreathinghardafterhisrun.(8)Warmclothesareamustinthemountains. 我們快到山頂了。near動詞那天天氣很好,所以我走著回家了。home副詞他跑完步,現(xiàn)在還氣喘吁吁的。hard副詞御寒衣物在山里是必不可少的。must名詞要點四縮略法
首尾字母縮略法,即用單詞首尾字母組成一個新詞。讀音主要有兩種形式,即各字母分別讀音和作為一個單詞讀音。veryimportantperson→VIP(讀字母音)要人,貴賓television→TV(讀字母音)電視TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage→TOEFL/?t??fl/托??荚?寫出下列表達(dá)的縮略形式并譯成漢語(1)advertisement_____________
(2)laboratory_____________(3)gymnasium_____________(4)examination_____________(5)WorldHealthOrganization_____________(6)WorldTradeOrganization_____________(7)thePeople’sRepublicofChina_____________ad廣告lab實驗室gym健身房,體育館exam考試WHO世界衛(wèi)生組織WTO世界貿(mào)易組織PRC中華人民共和國UNIT2
ExploringEnglishSectionC
Developingideas,Presentingideas&Reflection
核心詞匯
詞匯一remindv.提醒,使……想起
【教材原句】Herearesomeofourfavourites,toremindusthatsomeoftheEnglishwelearnintheclassroomisratherdifferentfromtheEnglishintheoutsideworld!這里有一些我們最喜歡的帖子,以提醒我們,我們在課堂上學(xué)習(xí)的一些英語與外面世界的英語是相當(dāng)不同的!
題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法【要點必記】(1)remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that/what/how...提醒某人……(2)vt.+sb.ofsth.:warnsb.ofsth.告誡某人某事;警告某人某事robsb.ofsth.搶劫某人某物informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事curesb.ofsth.治愈某人……convincesb.ofsth.使某人信服某事
【誤區(qū)警示】
單句語法填空(1)
(remind)nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.(2)Michaelputupapictureofhisfavouritefootballplayerbesidethebedtokeephimself
(remind)ofhisowndreams.(3)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Don’tforgettoremindyourdaughter
(play)thepianoafterclass.(4)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Heremindedme
thetimeandplaceoftheOri-entationDay.(5)Passengersarereminded
nosmokingisallowedonthistrain.
Remindedremindedtoplayofthat單句寫作(6)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]ThemomentIwenttobed,mymother_____________________________________(提醒我給鬧鐘上發(fā)條).
remindedmetowindthealarmclock詞匯二comment(1)n.議論;評論(2)vi.&vt.發(fā)表意見;評論
【教材原句】325comments325條評論【要點必記】(1)makecommentson/upon/about對……作出評論withoutcomment不予評論nocomment無可奉告cause/attract/drawcomment引來/招來評論askforcomments征求意見offercomments提意見(2)commenton/upon...評論……,對……提意見 單句寫作(1)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Hewasunableto__________________________(對……作出評論)thetopicduringthedebate.Itseemedasifhehadafroginhisthroat.(2)—Willyouresign(辭職),sir?—
(無可奉告)!(3)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Theyhaveinvestigatedthecase,buthaven’t___________________(就……發(fā)表評論)it. makeacommenton/upon/aboutNocommentcommentedon/upon單句語法填空(4)Hewasannoyedandrefusedtocomment
theaward.(5)Agirlheknewhadannoyedhimby
(comment)onhisincreasingweight.
on/uponcommenting詞匯三entrancen.(1)入口(處);大門(口);通道(2)進(jìn)入;進(jìn)入權(quán);進(jìn)入許可 【教材原句】Attheinformationdeskattheentrance,Iaskedaladywheretheshoesectionwas.在入口處的服務(wù)臺,我問一位女士鞋區(qū)在哪里?!疽c必記】theentranceto……的入口/門口theentrancetotheschool學(xué)校入口處gainentranceto獲得進(jìn)入……的許可anentrancefee入場費(fèi)entranceexaminations入學(xué)考試 【學(xué)法點撥】theanswertothequestion問題的答案thekeytothedoor門的鑰匙thesolutiontotheproblem問題的解決辦法 【歸納拓展】(1)(反)exitn.出口;通道;退場theexitof...……的出口(2)進(jìn)入房間entertheroom(√)enterintotheroom(×) 單句語法填空(1)Guestshavefreeentrance
theswimmingpoolandthehealthclub.(2)Hissudden
(enter)tookeveryonebysurprise.單句寫作(3)Afterhefound
(……的入口)thebuilding,he____________(進(jìn)入大廳)withoutmakingasound.(4)I’llbewaitingforyouat
(……的出口)thetrainstation. (5)
(成功的關(guān)鍵)ishardwork.toentrancetheentrancetoenteredthehalltheexitofThekeytosuccess詞匯四actuallyadv.事實上,實際上
【教材原句】WhenIwaslookingfortheexit,Isawthatshoeswereactuallysolddownstairsonthegroundfloor,notthefirstfloor.當(dāng)我正在尋找出口的時候,我發(fā)現(xiàn)鞋子實際上是在樓下一樓出售,而不是二樓?!疽c必記】(1)“事實上,實際上”的多種表達(dá)法infact/inactualfact asamatteroffactinreality ineffect(2)actualadj.實際的,真實的 單句語法填空(1)Growingvegetableslookseasy,but
(actual)ittakesalotoflearning.(2)—Doyouthinkit’sagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?—
(actual),Ido.Ithinkit’sagreatidea.(3)Helooksyoungerthanhiswife,but
actualfact,he’salotolder.單句寫作(4)HethoughtIhadknownthefact.But________________________________________________________(事實上),Iknewnothingaboutit.actuallyActuallyinactually/infact/inactualfact/inreality/ineffect/asamatteroffact詞匯五negativeadj.壞的,有害的;消極的,負(fù)面的;否定的
【教材原句】Whydidmyfrienduseanegativewordaboutsuchaniceman?為什么我的朋友要用一個貶義詞來形容這樣一個好人呢?【要點必記】haveanegativeeffecton對……有不良影響thenegativeaspectsofageing年歲增長的負(fù)面問題haveanegativeattitudeto/towards對……持消極的態(tài)度anegativeform/sentence否定形式/句 單句寫作(1)Mydrinkingwasstartingto
(對……有不良影響)mywork.(2)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Scientists
(對……持相當(dāng)消極的態(tài)度)the
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