病原生物學(xué)（微生物部分）題庫(kù)：01

1.G+菌的細(xì)胞壁的特點(diǎn)是____________。a.較疏松b.無(wú)磷壁酸c.有脂多糖d.有脂蛋白e.肽聚糖含量多2.溶菌酶溶菌作用的機(jī)制是____________。a.切斷肽聚糖的聚糖支架b.抑制四肽側(cè)連與五肽交聯(lián)橋的聯(lián)結(jié)c.干擾細(xì)菌DNA的復(fù)制d.干擾細(xì)菌蛋白質(zhì)的合成e.損害細(xì)胞膜3.青霉素的抗菌機(jī)制是____________。a.切斷肽聚糖的聚糖支架b.抑制四肽側(cè)連與五肽交聯(lián)橋的聯(lián)結(jié)c.干擾細(xì)菌DNA的復(fù)制d.干擾細(xì)菌蛋白質(zhì)的合成e.損害細(xì)胞膜4.普通菌毛是細(xì)菌的一種____________。a.細(xì)長(zhǎng)波狀的絲狀物b.運(yùn)動(dòng)器官c.多糖質(zhì)d.可傳遞遺傳物質(zhì)的器官e.粘附結(jié)構(gòu)5.抵抗力最強(qiáng)的細(xì)菌結(jié)構(gòu)是____________。a.芽胞b.外膜c.鞭毛d.核糖體e.細(xì)胞壁6.革蘭染色所用染液的順序是____________。a.稀釋復(fù)紅，碘液，乙醇，結(jié)晶紫b.結(jié)晶紫，乙醇，碘液，稀釋復(fù)紅c.結(jié)晶紫，碘液，乙醇，稀釋復(fù)紅d.稀釋復(fù)紅，乙醇，結(jié)晶紫，碘液e.稀釋復(fù)紅，結(jié)晶紫，碘液，乙醇7.革蘭陰性菌無(wú)____________。a.核糖體b.菌毛c.質(zhì)粒d.莢膜e.芽胞8.關(guān)于細(xì)胞壁的功能，下列哪項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的____________。a.維持菌體固有的形態(tài)b.保護(hù)細(xì)菌抵抗低滲環(huán)境c.有助于維持菌體內(nèi)離子的平衡d.是細(xì)菌的運(yùn)動(dòng)器官e.決定細(xì)菌菌體的抗原性9.關(guān)于細(xì)菌L型的特性，下列錯(cuò)誤的是____________。a.高度多形性b.革蘭染色陰性c.去除抑制物后，可回復(fù)原有形態(tài)d.仍有一定致病力e.在低滲高瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上生長(zhǎng)10.關(guān)于莢膜的功能，下列各項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤的是____________。a.抗吞噬作用b.抗補(bǔ)體作用c.抗抗體作用d.抗干燥作用e.抗黏附作用11.下列不屬于細(xì)菌特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的是____________。a.莢膜b.質(zhì)粒c.鞭毛d.菌毛e.芽胞12.下列不屬于細(xì)菌基本形態(tài)的是____________。a.球菌b.桿菌c.螺形菌d.梨形菌e.弧菌13.細(xì)菌的大小的測(cè)量單位是____________。a.毫米b.微米c.納米d.微微米e.以上都不是14.質(zhì)粒是細(xì)菌的____________。a.核質(zhì)DNAb.胞質(zhì)中核蛋白體c.異染顆粒d.中介體e.核質(zhì)外DNA15.關(guān)于細(xì)菌細(xì)胞壁的功能，敘述錯(cuò)誤的是____________。a.保持一定的形狀b.控制滲透壓c.抵抗青霉素d.參與物質(zhì)交換e.有噬菌體受體16.細(xì)菌性菌毛的主要功能是____________。a.運(yùn)動(dòng)b.致病力c.接合d.粘附e.抵抗力17.細(xì)菌細(xì)胞膜與真核細(xì)胞膜不同之處在于____________。a.磷脂b.甘油c.糖脂d.固醇類(lèi)物質(zhì)e.脂肪酸18.與細(xì)菌致病力有關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)是____________。a.芽胞b.異染顆粒c.中介體d.核蛋白體e.菌毛19.Eachoftehfollowingstatementsconcerningbacterialsporesiscorrectexcept____________。a.Theirsurvivalabilityisbasedontheirenhancednetabolicactivityb.Theyareformedbygram-positiverodsc.Theycanbekilledbybeingheatedto121for15miniutesd.Theycontainmuchlesswaterthanbacterialcells20.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningendotoxinsiscorrectexcept____________。a.Theyarelesspotent(ie,lessactiveonaweightbasis)thanexotoxinsb.Theyaremorestableonheatingthanexotoxinc.Theybindtospecificcellreceptors,whereasexotoxinsdonotd.Theyarepartofthebacterialcellwall,whereasexotoxinsarenot21.Whichoneofthestatementsisthenostaccuratecomparisonofhuman,bacterial,andfungalcell?____________。a.Humancellundergomitosis,whereasneitherbacterianorfungidob.Humanandfungalcellshaveasimilarcellwall,incontrasttobacteria,whosecellwallcontainspeptidoglycanc.Humananbacterialcellshaveplasmids,whereasfungalcellsdonotd.Humanandfungalcellshavesimilarribosomes,whereasbacterialribosomesaredifferent22.Eachofthefollowingisatypicalpropertyofobligateanaerobesexpect____________。a.Theygenerateenergybyusingthecytochromesystemeb.Theygrowbestintheabsenceofairc.Theylacksuperoxidedismutased.Theylackcatalase23.Themainhostdefenseagainstbacterialexotoxinsis____________。a.activatedmacrophagessecretingproteasesb.IgGandIgMantibodiesc.helperTcellsd.modulationofhostcellreceptorsinresponsetotoxin24.EachofthefollowingeventsinvolvesrecombinationofDNAexcept:____________。a.transductionofachromosomalgeneb.transpositionofamobilegeneticelementegrationgofatemperatebacteriophaged.conjugation,eg,transgerofaR(resistance)factor25.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthenormalfloraiscorrectexcept:____________。a.ThemostcommonorganismfoundontheskinisStaphylococcusepidermidisb.Escherichiacoliisaprominentmemberofthenormalfloraofthethroatc.ThemajorsitewhereBacteroidesfragilisisfoundisthecolond.Oneofthemostcommonsitewherestaphylococcusaureusisfoundisthenose26.ofthefollowingchoices,themostimportantfunctionofantibodyinhostdefensesagainstbacteriais____________。a.activationoflysozymethatdegradesthecellwallb.accelerationofproteolysisofexotoxinsc.facilitationofphagocytosisd.inhibitionofbacterialproteinsynthesis27.SITEOFACTIVITYforPenicillin____________。a.Integrityofthecellwallb.Synthesisofthecellwallc.Synthesisofproteinsd.Noneoftheabove28.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforStreptococcuspneumoniae____________。a.Anti-phagocyticcapsuleb.Productionoftoxinsc.Invasionoftissuesd.Intracellulargrowth29.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforBacterialpharyngitis____________。a.Cell-mediatedresponseb.Anti-toxinantibodiesc.Opsonizingantibodiesd.Normalflora30.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforPseudomembranouscolitis____________。a.Cell-mediatedresponseb.Anti-toxinantibodiesc.Opsonizingantibodiesd.Normalflora31.MOSTIMPORTANTHOSTDEFENSEMECHANISMforMaltafever____________。a.Cell-mediatedresponseb.Anti-toxinantibodiesc.Opsonizingantibodiesd.Normalflora32.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheGramstainiscorrectexcept____________。a.Escherichiacolistainspinkbecauseithasathinpeptidoglycanlayerb.streptococcuspyogenesstainbluebecauseithasathickpeptidoglycanlayerc.Mycobacteriumtuberculosisstainsbluebecauseithasathicklipidlayerd.Mycoplasmapneumoniaeisn'tvisibleintheGramstainbecauseitdoesn'thaveacellwall.33.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthekillingofbacteriaiscorrectexcept____________。a.Lysozymeintearscanhydrolyzebacterialcellwallsb.Silvernitratecaninactivatebacterialenzymesc.Detergentscandisruptbacterialcellmembranesd.Ultravioletlightcandegradebacterialcapsules34.IntheGramstain,thedecolorizationofgramnegativebacteriabyalcoholismostcolselyrelatedto____________。teinsencodedbyFplamidsb.lipidsinthecellwallc.70Sribosomesd.branchedpolysaccharidesinthecapsule35."菌落"是指____________。a.不同種細(xì)菌在培養(yǎng)基上生長(zhǎng)繁殖而形成肉眼可見(jiàn)的細(xì)胞集團(tuán)b.細(xì)菌在培養(yǎng)基上生長(zhǎng)繁殖而形成肉眼可見(jiàn)的細(xì)胞集團(tuán)c.．一個(gè)細(xì)菌在培養(yǎng)基上生長(zhǎng)繁殖而形成肉眼可見(jiàn)的細(xì)胞集團(tuán)d.一個(gè)細(xì)菌細(xì)胞e.從培養(yǎng)基上脫落的細(xì)胞36.Bacterialsporeisbacterial____________。a.vegetativestrctureb.structure