病原生物學（微生物部分）題庫：050

1.細菌的遺傳物質包括____c________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.核質和質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.核質、質粒和附加體HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.核質、質粒和前噬菌體HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.核質和前噬菌體HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.核質、附加體和前噬菌體2.與細菌致育性有關的因子是_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.R決定因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.F因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.V因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.X因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.Col因子3.有關質粒的敘述不正確的是______b_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.質粒是細菌核質以外的遺傳物質HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.質粒是細菌必備結構HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.質粒能在胞漿中自行復制HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.與某些細菌的耐藥性有關HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.質粒可獨立存在于細菌體內4.有關耐藥性質粒的描述錯誤的一項是______d_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.由耐藥傳遞因子(RTF)和耐藥決定因子組成HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.RTF和F質粒的功能相似，編碼細菌性菌毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.R質粒的轉移是造成細菌間耐藥性傳播的主要原因HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.細菌耐藥性的產生是由于R質粒基因突變所致HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.耐藥決定因子可編碼細菌多重耐藥性5.轉化過程中受體菌攝取供體菌遺傳物質的方式是____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.胞飲HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.通過性菌毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.通過噬菌體HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.細胞融合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.直接攝取6.關于耐藥性突變，下列敘述錯誤的是：______d_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.可以自然發(fā)生HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.可以誘導發(fā)生HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.具有相對穩(wěn)定性HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.可由噬菌體介導發(fā)生HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.是在接觸抗生素之前已經發(fā)生7.溶原性轉換：_____d_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.由R質粒參與HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.由性菌毛介導HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.由毒性噬苗體參與HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.由溫和噬菌體參與HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.是受體菌直接攝取供體菌的DNA片段8.能產生外毒索的白喉桿菌，是因為其有_______e_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.R質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.F質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Vi質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Col質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.前噬菌體9.細菌轉導和溶源性轉換的共同特點是_____d_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.需質粒參與HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.需性菌毛參與HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.需毒性噬菌體介導HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.需溫和噬菌體介導HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.共體菌和受體菌直接接觸10.關于R質粒，敘述錯誤的是_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.R質粒是編碼細菌耐藥的基因HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.一種R質粒只含有針對一種抗生素的耐藥基因HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.R質?？煞譃榻Y合性R質粒和非結合性R質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.結合性R質粒是由耐藥傳遞因子和耐藥決定因子組成HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.非結合性R質粒可經轉化或轉導方式進入受體菌11.編碼細菌毒力的質粒是_____c______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.F質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.結合性質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Vi質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.R質粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.Col質粒12.BCG是結核桿菌的變異株，這種變異屬于_____c_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.形態(tài)結構的變異HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.菌落的變異HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.毒力的變異HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.耐藥性的變異HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.對理化因素抵抗力的變異13.下列哪項是預防耐藥菌株產生和擴散的主要措施_____e______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.大劑量使用抗生素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.少量多次使用抗生素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.使用廣譜抗生素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.多種抗生素長期聯(lián)合使用HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.根據藥敏實驗合理使用抗生素14.局限性轉導與噬菌體生活周期的哪個時期有關______b____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.溶原期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.溶原期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.溶菌期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.溶菌期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.裂解期15.普遍性轉導與噬菌體生活周期哪個時期有關_____c_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.溶原期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.溶原期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.溶菌期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.溶菌期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.裂解期16.因長期使用廣譜性抗生素引起假膜性腸炎，細菌多是______c_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.空腸彎曲菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.霍亂弧菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.金黃色葡萄球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.甲型溶血性鏈球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.致病性大腸桿菌17.條件致病性微生物是___a_________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.白假絲酵母菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.乙型溶血性鏈球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.白喉棒狀桿菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.鉤端螺旋體HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.沙眼衣原體18.R因子最常見的轉移途徑是_____c_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.轉化HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.轉導HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.接合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.原生質體融合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.溶原性轉換19.下列那種因子不是質粒_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Col因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.R因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.性因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Vi因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.轉移因子20.WhichofthefollowingeventsisMOSTlikelytobeduetobacterialconjugation?_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.AstrainofCorynebacteriumdiphtheriaeproducesatoxinencodedbyaprophageHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.AstrainofPseudomasaeruginosaproduces,β-lactamaseencodedbyaplasmidsimilartoaplasmidofanothergram-negaiveorganismHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.AnencapsulatedstrainofStreptococcuspneumoniaeacquiresthegeneforcapsuleformationfromanextractofDNAfromanotherencapsulatedstrainHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.AgeneencodingresistancetogentamicinintheEscherichiacoilchromosomeappearsinthegenomeofavirulentbacteriophagethathasinfectedEcoli21.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthemechanismsofresistancetoantimicrobialdrugsiscorrectEXCEPT:_______d_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.RfactorareplasmidsthatcarrythegenesforenzymeswhichmodifyoneormoredrugsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.ResistancetosomedrugsisduetoachromosomalmutaionthataltersthereceptorforthedrugHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.ResistancetosomedrugsisduetotransposongenesthatcodeforenzymeswhichinactivatethedrugHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Resistancegenesarerarelytransferredbyconjugation22.內毒素的毒性部分是_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.特異性多糖HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.脂多糖HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.核心多糖