人教版高二英語(yǔ)必修四unit4-Learning-about-language

Unit4LeLearningaboutlanguagearningaboutlanguageBodylanguageLearningaims1.TobeabletoguessthewordbyreadingtheEnglishdefinition.2.TolearnthegrammarofV-ingasadverbial.3.Tomastertheusages.1._______actionofdefendingoneselfagainstanenemy’sattack.2._______mighthappenorprobablywillbetrue3._______Europeancountrythatisshapedlikeaboot4._______smallrestaurantprovidedbyaschoolforitsstudentsorbyacompany5._________tobechosentospeakoractinplaceofsomeoneDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsdefencelikelyItalycanteenrepresentFindthewordfromthetextforeachofthesemeaning.6._______torunortravelsomewhereinagratehurry7.__________tocomenearertosomethingorsomeonefromagreatdistance8.__________groupofpeopleorganizedforaspecialpurpose9._______eithersideofthefacebelowtheeye10.______theactofflying,especiallyscheduledonaplaneapproachdashassociationcheekflightJoanwassittinginthepark.Atall,darkwoman___________her,singingloudly.ShelookedasifshewasfromMiddleEasterncountry,maybe_______afteraminute,thewomenstoppedandstartedhittingherown______.Joanwatch________,thinkingthatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.Suddenly,thewomansawJoanand________overtoher.Joanthenrealizedthatshehad_____________thewoman’sactions-shewasn’tcrazy.Shewas,onthe_________,askingforhelptokillabee!CompletethepassageapproachedJordancheekcuriouslydashedmisunderstoodcontrarycrossroads,adult,major,dormitory,greeted,representing,association,spoken,Colombia,curious,flightAnswerkeyforEx.3

AnswerkeyforEx.1(P.29)Discoveringusefulstructures:

Attribute

AdverbialHisnosetouchedGeorgeCook’smovinghand.ThevisitorfromJapancomesinsmiling.Itisaninterestingstudyandcanhelpyouavoiddifficultyincommunication.Fourpeopleenterlookingaroundinacuriousway.

Attribute

Adverbial…thisisanexcitingexperienceforyou…

Youseeherstepback

appearingsurprised……recognizesMrGarcia’ssmilingface…

Shearriveshurrying…The–ingformastheAdverbialGrammar現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是句子的主語(yǔ),分詞必須和句中的主語(yǔ)含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,否則不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。但要注意它的各種形式變化:主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.

聽(tīng)見(jiàn)鈴聲,學(xué)生們開(kāi)始走進(jìn)教室。(聽(tīng)見(jiàn)和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.現(xiàn)在正在建造的這棟樓房室我們的新圖書館。(beingbuilt為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式,表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.

完成了工作,他就回家了?，F(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語(yǔ),修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因、時(shí)間、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等?，F(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的狀語(yǔ)(通常用不定式表目的狀語(yǔ))。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewasvwaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2)表原因狀語(yǔ)Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生,你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。由于想到它或許在家,所以我就給他打了電話。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)

3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語(yǔ):作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的分詞表示的動(dòng)作,必須是主語(yǔ)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作,或是與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作(或狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生,或是對(duì)謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài))作進(jìn)一步地補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking4)表結(jié)果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國(guó)到處在傳唱這首歌曲,使它成了一首最受歡迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表?xiàng)l件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead6)與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格:

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽車時(shí),一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開(kāi)了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.

如果時(shí)間允許,我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。有時(shí)也可用with(without)+名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。7)作獨(dú)立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看,他一定是個(gè)演員。1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)高考鏈接3.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(NMET92)NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived4.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(1991上海)NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownCA現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ),分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中否定詞通常放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。作原因狀語(yǔ)5.Whilewatchingtelevision,________.(NMET2005)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings6._______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(2004廣東)A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Hav