新視野大學(xué)英語(第三版)讀寫教程BookI-Unit4SectionB-Aherosaspiration

reading

skillthe

textphrases

and

patternsstory

writingm

4

、

Heroes

of

our

time●

To

master

the●

To

understand

To

practice

the●

To

learn

aboutSection

B

A

hero's

aspiration

NEHHQRIZ

OGLISNHTRHEIAR

INEGD&IT

WIO

ITINGContentsWarming-upReading

skillsText

studyComparative

studyUnit

projectssction

B

A

hero'saspirationssction

B

A

hero's

aspirationBackground

informationWarming-upLead-in1.What

happened

in

the

story?

Why

was

the

speakerstunned

with

jealousy?2.What

did

he

learn

from

both

of

his

vocation

andavocation?

What

did

he

remind?Watch

a

video

clip

and

answer

the

following

questionsLead-inWatch

a

video

clip

and

answer

the

following

questionsLead-inMiddle

of

a

rainy

night;

second

volunteer

on

the

fire

scene;

asked

to

go

into

the

house

and

pastthe

fire

to

get

a

pair

of

shoes.The

man

who

arrived

earlier

than

him

could1.

What

happened

in

the

story?

Why

was

the

speaker

stunned

with

jealousy?Watch

a

video

clip

and

answer

the

following

questionssave

a

living

creature.Lead-inActs

of

generosity

and

kindness

on

a

monumental

scale

ANDacts

of

grace

and

courage

on

an

individual

basis

all

matter.Don't

wait

until

you

make

your

first

million

to

make

a

difference

in

somebody's

life.

If

you

have

something

to

give,

give

it

now.

Serve

food

at

a

soup

kitchen.

Clean

up

a

neighborhood

park.

Be

a

mentor.

Not

every

day

is

going

to

offer

us

a

chance

tosave

somebody's

life,

but

every

day

offers

us

an

opportunity

toaffect

one.2.

What

did

he

learn

from

both

of

his

vocation

andavocation?

What

did

he

remind?Watch

a

video

clip

and

answer

the

following

questionsLead-in2.

What

are

the

traditional

five

senses?

1.What

is

the

Sixth

Sense?Background

informationThe

sixth

sense

isanother

term

for

extrasensoryperception.

Extrasensory

perception(ESP)would

involve

the

reception

of

information

not

gained

throughthe

recognized

senses

and

not

internally

originated.

According

to

the

National

Science

Foundation

extrasensory

perception

is

listed

as

pseudoscience.Background

information1.What

is

the

Sixth

Sense?Background

information2.

What

are

the

traditional

five

senses?

The

expression

"Sixth

Sense"

is

a

misnomer

that

falsely

suggests

that

there

is

only

one

additional

sense

besides

the

traditional

five

senses

of

sight,

hearing,

touch,

smell,

and

taste,

a

classification

attributed

to

Aristotle.

Humans

have

at

least

five

additional

sensesthat

include:nociception

(pain);

equilibrioception

(balance);

proprioception

and

kinaesthesia

(joint

motion

andacceleration);

sense

of

time;

thermoception

(temperaturedifferences);andpossibly

an

additionalweak

magnetoception

(direction).sactionB

A

hero's

aspirationReading

skillsScanningScanning

is

a

technique

used

in

reading

to

gather

specific

information

in

a

text

by

going

through

it

rapidly.

In

most

cases,

you

knowwhat

you

are

looking

for,

so

you

areconcentrating

on

finding

some

particular

information.

The

most

familiar

way

of

scanning

you

may

have

experienced

issearching

for

names

in

a

phone

directory,

or

looking

up

words

in

a

dictionary.ScanningReading

skills·

When

reading,

you

should

have

a

clear

idea

of

what

you

are

looking

for,

think

ofquestions,

and

scan

for

answers.·

Do

not

read

every

word.·

Watch

for

definitions,

highlighted

words,especially

words

in

italics

or

bold

print.·

Learn

to

spot

dates,

statistics

and

other

numbers.Reading

skills·

Look

forthe

author's

use

ofnumbers,

letters,

or

signal

words

such

as

first,

second,

next

,

etc.·

Look

for

key

words

or

repeated

words.ScanningExample

1:

since

the

title

of

Text

A

is

"Heroes

Among

Us",

it

is

most

likely

todeal

with

"heroes".

We

may

want

to

findout

who

are

the

heroes

among

us.

Therefore,

it

is

worthwhile

to

scan

fortheword

"hero(es)"

in

order

to

getimportant

information

related

with

the

topic.ScanningScanningExample

2:

in

Text

A,

there

are

many

questions

raised

and

then

answered

by

the

author.

These

questions

can

help

us

get

the

general

idea

ofText

A,

that

is,

what

kind

of

people

can

be

called

heroes.

The

questions

include:1

Who's

a

hero

these

days?(Para.

1)2

Who

are

the

heroes

among

us?(Para.

1)3

But

what

about

first

responders,

whose

job

is,

in

the

words

of

one

widow

of

a

fallenpolice

officer,

to"rush

toward

danger"?(Para.

5)ScanningQuestions·

In

which

month

did

the

story

take

place?·

Where

did

the

accident

happen?·

What

is

the

name

of

the

hero?·

What

is

the

name

of

the

woman

saved?Text

comprehensionLanguage

focusCritical

thinkingsactionB

AText

studyhero's

aspirationText

comprehension

Questions

previewing1.

Why

did

Jonda's

pulse

quicken

while

she

was

driving?(Para.1)2.

Why

did

Jonda

fail

to

save

the

teenager

many

years

ago?After

this

issue,

what

happened

to

Jonda?(Paras.

1-2)3.

What

did

Jonda

mean

by

"This

is

too

much,

too

familiar"?(Paras.

5)4.

Why

did

Jonda

have

to

work

quickly

when

she

tried

to

save

Sandy?

(Para.

7)5.

Why

did

Sandy

ask

Jonda

to

tell

her

grandchildren

that

sheloved

them?

(Para.8-11)6.

Why

does

Jonda

feel

she

has

much

to

be

grateful

for

too?(Para.

15)The

car

ahead

of

her

was

in

trouble.swaying/barely

within

the

lane/winding

road

inthe

fierce

rain1.

Why

did

Jonda's

pulse

quicken

while

she

was

driving?(Para.1)Text

comprehension原句：It

wasnot

swaying

violently,

and

was

stillbarely

within

the

lane,

but

on

the

winding

road

in

thefierce

November

rain,

it

was

enough.

(Para.

1,L3)解釋：It

was

not

swaying

violently,

and

the

driver

still

managed

to

keep

it

within

the

lane,

but

it

was

clear

that

she

did

so

with

great

difficulty.

With

the

road

having

a

lot

of

turns

and

the

heavy

rain

on

the

cold

November

night,

an

accident

was

likely

to

happen.譯文：雖然歪得不算厲害，還勉強(qiáng)開在車道里，但在十一

月大雨滂沱中的蜿蜒道路上，這已經(jīng)夠懸的了。Sentence

InterpretationBecause

the

car

was

on

fire

and

she

could

not

getnear

it.

She

became

very

sensitive

to

signs

of

potential

accidents.driven

back

/

intense

heat

of/

fire;memories

never

turn

off/leaned

on

training

forsupport/

never

ignored

any

signs

of

accidentText

comprehension2.

Why

did

Jonda

fail

to

save

the

teenager

many

yearsago?

After

this

issue,

what

happened

to

Jonda?(Paras.1-2)Text

comprehension3.

What

did

Jonda

mean

by

"This

is

too

much,

too

familiar"?

(Para.

5)This

reminded

her

of

the

terrible

accident

involving

that

teenager

mentioned

in

para.1.teenager

screaming

for

help/she

was

driven

back

by

the

intense

heat

of

car

fire/

waterheaved

the

car

against

a

tree/passenger

seatsubmerged/water

rushed

over

thewindshield/prayed

"Never

again"cover

sth.

completely原句：

with

waterAnd

half

submerged

in

the

current

was

the

car.

(Para.5,

L2)解釋：Half

of

the

car

was

under

the

river

water.譯文：那輛車一半已被水流淹沒。Note有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，

可將部分謂語置于句首，構(gòu)

成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。用于這類倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞大多表示位置或狀態(tài)，如hang,

stand,

sit

等。Text

comprehension

Sentence

Interpretation4.

Why

did

Jonda

have

to

work

quickly

when

she

tried

to

save

Sandy?

(Para.7)water

rushed

upto

her

waist/cold/

encasedin

ice/

lose

the

feeling

and

collapse.Text

comprehensionBecause

she

thought

she

was

going

to

die.she

was

old/would

not

last

long

in

the

icywater/the

thick

glass/barely

cracked/Water

rushed

in

/

the

car

soon

to

be

carried

downstream5.Why

did

Sandy

ask

Jonda

to

tell

her

grandchildren

that

she

loved

them?(Para.8-11)Text

comprehensionText

comprehension

Sentence

Interpretationfeeling

sad原

句

：The

glass,

thick

as

the

old

car

was

big,

barely

cracked.

And

with

a

heavy

heart

Jonda

felt

the

car

heave.

The

current

was

loosening

it

from

the

tree.(Para.9,L3)解釋：Just

as

the

old

car

was

big,

the

glass

was

thick,

so

the

hammer

could

hardly

break

it.

And

Jonda

felt

sad

as

the

car

moved

a

bit.

The

current

was

pushing

the

car

away

from

the

tree.譯文：這輛舊車車身大，窗玻璃也厚，幾乎不見裂縫。這時，

瓊達(dá)感到車起伏了一下，她不禁心頭一沉。水流正把車

推離那顆樹。Text

comprehension6.Why

does

Jonda

feel

she

has

much

to

be

gratefulfor

too?

(Para.15)Jonda

feels

she

has

much

to

be

grateful

for

too,

because

finally,

she

is

healed

and

free

of

the

acute

nightmares

of

herpast.Retell

the

story

based

on

the

clues:Officer

Jonda's

pulse

quickened...Road

conditions...The

car

ahead

.

.

.Jonda

had

a

sixth

sense

for

accidents...These

were

memories

Jonda

could

never

teally

turn

off...

The

car

slipped

off

the

road

into

the

Dalton

River...Jonda

rushed

toward

the

car..David

caught

up

with

Jonda

and

...Sandy

tried

to

speak

through

her

shivering

lips...Jonda

wrapped

her

arms

aroundSandy

was

crying

in

Jonda's

arms...The

two

women

have

becom

close

friends...Jonda

is

healed

and

free

of

the

acute

nightmare

of

her

past.Text

SummaryPractical

PhrasesSpecific

Meanings1.

live

in

terror

of

sb./

sth.一直很害怕某人/某物2.

turn

off不再聽；不再想3.a

string

of一連串，

一系列(事件等)4.

beat

sb.

to

sth.搶在

…前面5.

bring

sth.

to

a

halt使停止，使停住6.

fill

up

with擠滿；占滿；7.

break

through

(sth.)沖破；突破8.let

go

of

(sth.)放手，松開(某人或某物)Language

focus

Practical

PhrasesLanguage

focus

Practical

Phrases一直很害怕

live

in

terror

of某人/某物

短語逆譯

sb./

sth.短語應(yīng)用方圓幾英里的人們

一

直都很害怕這伙強(qiáng)盜。意群提示(lived

in

terror

of

/

gang

of

/robber)Everyone

for

miles

lived

in

terror

of

the

gang

ofrobbers.短語應(yīng)用我對他們所討論的事情毫不感興趣，所以不再聽他們說話。意群提示I

take

no

interest

at

all

in

what

they

are

talking

about,

so

I

just

turn

off.不再聽；不再想

短語逆譯

turn

off(take

no

interest

/

turn

off)Practical

Phrases短語應(yīng)用我想要創(chuàng)建我的事業(yè)，

而不是做

一

系列毫無意義的工作。意群提示I

want

to

build

a

career,

but

not

just

have

a

string

of

meaningless

jobs.(signing

up

for

/

optional

course/

time

schedule)一

連串，

一

系列(事件等)Practical

Phrasesa

string短語逆譯of短語應(yīng)用斯科特原打算第

一

個到達(dá)南極，但是阿蒙森卻捷足先登。意群提示(aimed

to

/

South

Pole

/

beat

him

to

it)Scott

aimed

to

get

to

the

South

Pole

first,

but

Amundsen

beat

him

to

it.beat

sb.

to

sth.搶在…前面Practical

Phrases短語逆譯短語應(yīng)用大罷工期間，

生產(chǎn)被迫暫停。意群提示(general

strike

/

production/

brought

to

a

halt)During

the

general

strike,

production

was

broughtto

a

halt.bring

sth.

to

a

halt短語逆譯使停止；使暫停Practical

Phrases短語應(yīng)用到了晚上，酒館里就會擠滿結(jié)束

一

天工作的當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?。意群提?bar/

fill

up

with

/local

resident)At

night

the

bar

will

fill

up

with

local

residents

ending

their

day.Practical

Phrases短語逆擇

fill

up

with擠滿；占滿；裝滿短語應(yīng)用憑著大無畏的犧牲精神和堅韌不拔的毅力，我們的部

隊(duì)輕而易舉地突破了敵人的防線。意群提示W(wǎng)ith

the

fearless

sacrifice

spirit

and

the

firm

determination,

our

troop

had

little

difficulty

in

breaking

through

the

enemy

lines.(fearless

sacrifice

spirit

/

firm

determination/breaking

through)Phrasesbreak

through

(sth.)Language

focus

沖破；突破Practical短語逆譯Practical

Phrases

開(某

短語逆釋

let

go

of

(sth.)短語應(yīng)用絕不要放棄目標(biāo)，這樣你最終會離它越來越近。意群提示(let

go

of

/

target)Never

let

go

of

your

target,

and

you

will

eventually

get

near

it.物)松人或某放手，

Functional

PatternsFunctions

&

Usages1.

sth./sb.

is/do...,

and

is/do...,but

...,

it

is/isn't

enough.用于表示“在特定情況下某人或某物做

…事情足以

/無法達(dá)到一定效果”。2.as

adj.as

sb./sth.

is,

sb./sth.do...用于表示“某人或某物雖具備一定有利條件，但出

現(xiàn)意料之外情況”。3.by

the

time

sb

do...,

sth.is...,

and

is...,

like...用于表達(dá)“在某些時間點(diǎn)某人或某物做某事最終達(dá)

到某種程度”。Language

focusFunctional

PatternsIt

was

not

swaying

violently,

and

was

stillbarely

within

the

lane,

but

on

the

winding

road

in

the

fierce

November

rain,

it

was

enough.

(Para.1,

L3)句型提煉雖

然歪得不算厲害，

還

勉強(qiáng)開在車道里，

但在十

一

月大雨滂沱中的蜿蜒道路上，

這

已經(jīng)夠懸

的

了。遞

譯

練

習(xí)Language

focusFunctional

Patterns原句律文句型提煉sth./sb.

is/do...,

and

is/do...,

but

...,

itis/is

not

enough應(yīng)用提示用于表示

“在特定情況下，某人或某物做

…

事情足以/無法達(dá)到

一

定效果”。句型應(yīng)用

Functional

Patterns典型例句雖

然你按時上班，也從不拖拉工作，但在競爭如此

激烈的今天，這是不夠的。意群提示You

always

show

up

for

shift

on

time,

and

never

put

off

your

work,

but

with

so

furious

competition

nowadays,

it

is

not

enough.(show

up

for

shift

/

put

off