老高考適用2023版高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第1部分閱讀能力突破篇專(zhuān)題1閱讀理解第4講主旨大意題

第一部分專(zhuān)題一第4講主旨大意題A(2022·內(nèi)蒙古包頭市高三第二次模擬考試)Iwasbornwithnemalinerodmuscularmyopathy,whichisararediseaseandmakesmeweak.Therefore,Iuseanelectricwheelchairtogetaroundandaventilator(呼吸機(jī))tohelpmebreathe.SoIhavetheunusualbodyshape,asize6everywhereelseandasize12inmywaist.Growingup,I?dalwayslovedfashion,butinmylaterteens,Ireallydiscoveredmystyle—classicmodern.WhenIwas18yearsold,Ibecameapart-ownerofaracehorseandnowIhavesharesinseveralhorses.AsIstartedgoingtotheraces,Istartedpostingmoreonsocialmedia,includingtheoutfitsIwaswearing.Iwasdoingitjustforfunbutthenpeoplebecamemoreinterested.Thedressingup,however,gotevenmoreextravagantandcostmuchwhenIstartedcompetinginFashionsontheField.Findingoutfitsthatfittedmybodyshapewhilealsokeepingwithmystylebecameincreasinglyhard.Eventually,mymumwentfromjustchangingmyclothestosewingcompleteoutfits,whichalsohelpedussavealotofmoney.Thankstohereffort,IfirstwonFashionsontheFieldlastyearinawhiteandblackdress.ThisyearImadethetop10inMyerFashion.IwastheonlypersonwithaphysicaldisabilitytocompeteinMyerFashionthisyear.IwasalsonamedinVogueAustraliaasoneofthebestracingstylesfromMyerFashions.Afterthat,IgotaBachelorofCommerce,majoringinmarketingandadvertising,atCurtinUniversity,whereIdiscoveredmypassionfordigitalmarketing.Asaresultoftheremoteinternshipandwantingtoworkinthedigitalmarketingspace,Istartedasmalldigitalmarketingagency.MybusinesshasjustturnedayearoldandIalreadyhavefivefull-timeclientsaswellassomeadditionalworkforothers.1．What?sthemainideaofParagraph1？________A．Theauthor?sdream.B．Thewaytheauthorgetsaround.C．Thereasonwhytheauthorlovesfashion.D．Thereasonwhytheauthorhasanunusualbody.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extravagant”inParagraph2mean？________A．Ordinary. B．Traditional.C．Luxurious. D．Boring.3．WhatdidtheauthorwearwhenshefirstwonFashionsontheField？________A．Acolorfuldress.B．Anexpensiveoutfit.C．Anup-to-datedress.D．Adressmadebyhermother.4．Whichofthefollowingmightbeapropertitleofthetext？________A．Physicaldisabilitywon?tstandinmywayB．BeingweakanddisabledchangedmylifeC．CompetinginFashionsontheFieldmademylifeD．ThereasonwhyIworkedinthedigitalmarketingspace【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者身體殘疾，但是沒(méi)有讓身體殘疾阻擋自己的成功之路，最終在時(shí)尚、學(xué)業(yè)和生意上取得了很大成功。1．D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwasbornwithnemalinerodmuscularmyopathy,whichisararediseaseandmakesmeweak.Therefore,Iuseanelectricwheelchairtogetaroundandaventilator(呼吸機(jī))tohelpmebreathe.SoIhavetheunusualbodyshape,asize6everywhereelseandasize12inmywaist.(我生下來(lái)就患有內(nèi)馬琳桿狀肌病，這是一種罕見(jiàn)的疾病，讓我很虛弱。因此，我使用電動(dòng)輪椅四處走動(dòng)并使用呼吸機(jī)來(lái)幫助我呼吸。所以我的體型很特別，其他別的地方都是6碼，腰部是12碼。)”可知，第一段作者解釋了自己為什么是特殊體型，因?yàn)榛加刑厥饧膊?，使用電?dòng)輪椅和呼吸機(jī)，因此體型特殊。故選D。2．C詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“costmuchwhenIstartedcompetinginFashionsontheField(當(dāng)我開(kāi)始在賽場(chǎng)上參加時(shí)尚界的比賽時(shí)，花很多錢(qián))”可知，這些裝扮花錢(qián)很多，因此推斷是奢侈的，畫(huà)線詞與C項(xiàng)“Luxurious(奢侈的)”意思相近。故選C。3．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Findingoutfitsthatfittedmybodyshapewhilealsokeepingwithmystylebecameincreasinglyhard.Eventually,mymumwentfromjustchangingmyclothestosewingcompleteoutfits,whichalsohelpedussavealotofmoney.Thankstohereffort,IfirstwonFashionsontheFieldlastyearinawhiteandblackdress.(找到既適合我的體型又符合我風(fēng)格的衣服變得越來(lái)越難。最后，我媽媽從給我換衣服變成給我縫全套衣服，這也幫我們節(jié)省了很多錢(qián)。多虧了她的努力，去年我穿著一件黑白相間的裙子第一次贏得了FashionsontheField的冠軍。)”可知，作者贏得FashionsontheField的比賽穿得是她母親制作的衣服。故選D。4．A主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwasbornwithnemalinerodmuscularmyopathy,whichisararediseaseandmakesmeweak.Therefore,Iuseanelectricwheelchairtogetaroundandaventilator(呼吸機(jī))tohelpmebreathe.SoIhavetheunusualbodyshape,asize6everywhereelseandasize12inmywaist.(我生下來(lái)就患有內(nèi)馬琳桿狀肌病，這是一種罕見(jiàn)的疾病，讓我很虛弱。因此，我使用電動(dòng)輪椅四處走動(dòng)并使用呼吸機(jī)來(lái)幫助我呼吸。所以我的體型很特別，其他別的地方都是6碼，腰部是12碼。)”，第三段“Thankstohereffort,IfirstwonFashionsontheFieldlastyearinawhiteandblackdress.ThisyearImadethetop10inMyerFashion.(多虧了她的努力，去年我穿著一件黑白相間的裙子第一次贏得了FashionsontheField的冠軍。今年我進(jìn)了MyerFashion的前十。)”，第四段“IwastheonlypersonwithaphysicaldisabilitytocompeteinMyerFashionthisyear.IwasalsonamedinVogueAustraliaasoneofthebestracingstylesfromMyerFashions.Afterthat,IgotaBachelorofCommerce,majoringinmarketingandadvertising,atCurtinUniversity,whereIdiscoveredmypassionfordigitalmarketing.(我是今年參加MyerFashion比賽的唯一一個(gè)身體殘疾的人。我還被《Vogue》澳大利亞版評(píng)為Myer時(shí)尚最好的賽車(chē)風(fēng)格之一。在那之后，我在科廷大學(xué)獲得了市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)和廣告專(zhuān)業(yè)的商業(yè)學(xué)士學(xué)位，在那里我發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己對(duì)數(shù)字營(yíng)銷(xiāo)的熱情。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了作者盡管身體殘疾，但是沒(méi)有讓身體殘疾阻擋自己的成功之路，最終在時(shí)尚、學(xué)業(yè)和生意上取得了很大成功。因此推斷A項(xiàng)“身體殘疾不會(huì)擋在我的路上”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。B(2022·甘肅省高三第一次高考診斷考試)It?snosecretthatwalkingisgoodforyou.Manyofusaretryingtogetinthoserecommended10，000stepsadaythatourwearablefitnesstechnologyurgesustoachieve.Buthowmanycaloriesareweactuallyburning,andhowcanwegetthemostoutofthosesteps?Findanswersintheseways.Doyouknowthetruthaboutcalorie-burning?Walkingisamoderateintensityformofexercise.Togetthemostcalorie-burningbenefits,then,itwouldseemthatwalkingataconsistentlylightpacewouldmakethemostsense.Payattentiontoyourheartrateandhowyoufeel.Wearabletechnologiescancertainlyprovideanideaofprogresstowardyourcalorie-burninggoals.Usingafitnesstrackerequipmenttohelpyourecognizewhenyoureachyourtargetheartratezonescanhelpyoumaximizethecalorie-burning.Walkingisoftenconsideredasagreatfat-burningexercise,andforgoodreason.Youcan?treallywalkathigherintensitiesbecauseofthenatureoftheexercise;therefore,youendupinlow-intensityzones,whereyoutendtoburnmorefat.Whenyou?rewalkingatalighterintensitywithyourheartrateinthe57%to63%range,youaremorelikelytobeusingfatforfuel.Nomatterwhatyourspeedis,formmatters.Whendonewithgoodform,walkingisanincrediblybeneficialformofexercisefortotalhealthandwellnessbeyondmerecaloricburn.Moreover,walkingisthemostaccessibleformofexercisebecauseitdoesn?trequireanyspecialclothes,equipmentormemberships.Whetheryourgoalisfatloss,increasedfitnessorsimplyenhancingyouroverallhealthandwellness,walkingoffersallthesebenefitsandmore.5．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1？________A．Tointroducethetopic.B．Tocomparewalkingwithotherexercise.C．Toexplainthewearablefitnesstechnology.D．Toshowtheimportanceof10，000stepsaday.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensity”inParagraph2mean？________A．Depth. B．Strength.C．Height. D．Distance.7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext？________A．Walkingathighintensitiesisrecommended.B．Yourwalkingspeedisthemostimportanttocalorie-burning.C．Walkingcanburncaloriesbetterifyouwalkinaproperform.D．Itismoreconvenienttowalkforthosewhohaveagymmembership.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？________A．10，000StepsaDayMattersB．WalkingBenefitsYourHeartC．HowtoBestBurnCalorieswhileWalkingD．HowtoUseWearableFitnessTechnologieswhileWalking【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了如何在走路時(shí)最好地燃燒卡路里。5．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“It?snosecretthatwalkingisgoodforyou.Manyofusaretryingtogetinthoserecommended10，000stepsadaythatourwearablefitnesstechnologyurgesustoachieve.Buthowmanycaloriesareweactuallyburning,andhowcanwegetthemostoutofthosesteps?Findanswersintheseways.(眾所周知，散步對(duì)你有好處。我們中的許多人都在努力達(dá)到每天10000步的建議步數(shù)，這是可穿戴健身技術(shù)敦促我們實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。但是我們實(shí)際上燃燒了多少卡路里，我們?cè)鯓硬拍茏畲笙薅鹊乩眠@些步子呢？用這些方法尋找答案。)”可知，第一段的寫(xiě)作目的是為了引入如何正確散步這個(gè)話題。故選A。6．B詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Togetthemostcalorie-burningbenefits,then,itwouldseemthatwalkingataconsistentlylightpacewouldmakethemostsense.(因此，為了獲得最大的卡路里燃燒效益，似乎以持續(xù)的輕步伐走路是最有意義的。)”可知，持續(xù)的輕步伐能燃燒最多的卡路里。由此可知，散步是一種中等強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)動(dòng)，即intensity意為“強(qiáng)度”。故選B。7．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Youcan?treallywalkathigherintensitiesbecauseofthenatureoftheexercise;therefore,youendupinlow-intensityzones,whereyoutendtoburnmorefat.Whenyou?rewalkingatalighterintensitywithyourheartrateinthe57%to63%range,youaremorelikelytobeusingfatforfuel.Nomatterwhatyourspeedis,formmatters.(由于該運(yùn)動(dòng)的性質(zhì)，你不能在高強(qiáng)度下散步；因此，你最終會(huì)進(jìn)入低強(qiáng)度區(qū)域，在那里你會(huì)燃燒更多的脂肪。當(dāng)你以較輕的強(qiáng)度行走，你的心率在57%到63%之間時(shí)，你更有可能使用脂肪作為燃料。無(wú)論你的速度如何，形式都很重要。)”可知，如果你走路的形式合適，走路可以更好地燃燒卡路里。故選C。8．C標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段“Buthowmanycaloriesareweactuallyburning,andhowcanwegetthemostoutofthosesteps?Findanswersintheseways.(但是我們實(shí)際上燃燒了多少卡路里，我們?cè)鯓硬拍茏畲笙薅鹊乩眠@些步子呢？用這些方法尋找答案。)”結(jié)合下文講到的方法可知，文章主要講述了如何在走路時(shí)最好地燃燒卡路里。故選C。C(2022·云南省第一次高中畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè))MoreplantsaregrowingandexpandingaroundMountEverest(localnameMountQomolangma)astheareacontinuestoexperiencetheconsequencesofglobalwarming,researchershavefound.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofExeterintheUnitedKingdomusedsatellitedatatoestablishincreasesinsubnivalvegetation—plantsthatgrowbetweenthetreelineandthesnowline.UsingNASALandsatsatellitedatafrom1993to2018,scientistsmeasured“smallbutsignificant”increasesinvegetationcoverbetween4，150and6，000metersabovesealevel.“Therearenowmoreareasthatarecoveredinplantsthantherewerein1993，”saidKarenAnderson,aremotesensingscientistwholedtheresearch.“Wedon?tknowwhattheimpactis.Itmaybethatplantstrapsnowandmightcauseittomeltmoreslowly.Itmightbethattheplantscausethesnowtomeltmorequickly，”sheadded.1．4billionpeopledependonwatercollectedintheregion,andchangestowatercyclesandsuppliescouldhavefarreachingimpacts,theirresearch,publishedintheGlobalChangeBiologyjournal,said.“Weknowthatplantsandthewatercyclearecoupled，”Andersonexplained.“Whereveryouhaveplantsgrowing,itchangesthewaythewatercyclebehavesinthoseareas.”“ThisisparticularlyimportantintheHimalayasbecauseglaciersarereceding,andweknowfromlotsofscientificworkthatthisisalreadyaffectingwatersuppliesinthisregion，”sheadded.ClimatechangeisalreadyhavinganimpactonHimalayancommunities.A2019studyfromColumbiaUniversityfoundthatHimalayanglaciershavebeenlosingalmosthalfameteroficeeachyearsincethestartofthiscentury.Thisisalreadyresultinginfloodingforlocalcommunities,andcouldultimatelyresultindrought.Lastyear,anassessmentfromtheInternationalCentreforIntegratedMountainDevelopmentfoundthatatleastathirdoftheiceintheregioncouldmeltbytheendofthecentury.9．WhatdidKarenAndersonsayabouttheirfinding？________A．TheincreaseinHimalayanvegetationishuge.B．Theplantspreventsnowfrommelting.C．WatersupplieshavebeenaffectedintheHimalayas.D．LossofHimalayanglaciersiscontinuingeachyear.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coupled”inParagraph7probablymean？________A．Contradicted. B．Balanced.C．Opposed. D．Linked.11．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchoftheAndersonteam？________A．Ithasnotbeenpublished.B．Itisbasedonremotesensingtechnology.C．Itinvolvesagreatdealoffieldstudy.D．ItisjointlyconductedwithColumbiaUniversity.12．Whatisthetextmainlyabout？________A．ClimatechangeismakingMountEverestlower.B．PlantlifeisexpandingaroundMountEverest.C.WhythisyearhasbeensodangerousforMountEverest.D．Urgentresearchisneededtounderstandtheincreaseinvegetation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)植物在珠穆朗瑪峰周?chē)L(zhǎng)，這已經(jīng)影響了該地區(qū)的水供應(yīng)。同時(shí)說(shuō)明了氣候變化已經(jīng)對(duì)喜馬拉雅地區(qū)產(chǎn)生了影響。哥倫比亞大學(xué)2019年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，自本世紀(jì)初以來(lái)，喜馬拉雅冰川每年流失近半米的冰。這已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)發(fā)生洪水，并可能最終導(dǎo)致干旱。9．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“1.4billionpeopledependonwatercollectedintheregion,andchangestowatercyclesandsuppliescouldhavefarreachingimpacts,theirresearch,publishedintheGlobalChangeBiologyjournal,said.(他們發(fā)表在《全球變化生物學(xué)》雜志上的研究說(shuō)，14億人依賴(lài)于該地區(qū)收集的水，水循環(huán)和供應(yīng)的變化可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“?ThisisparticularlyimportantintheHimalayasbecauseglaciersarereceding,andweknowfromlotsofscientificworkthatthisisalreadyaffectingwatersuppliesinthisregion，?sheadded.(她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“這在喜馬拉雅地區(qū)尤其重要，因?yàn)楸ㄕ谙?，我們從大量的科學(xué)工作中知道，這已經(jīng)影響了該地區(qū)的水供應(yīng)?！?”可知，喜馬拉雅山的水供應(yīng)受到了影響。故選C。10．D詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后文“Whereveryouhaveplantsgrowing,itchangesthewaythewatercyclebehavesinthoseareas.(無(wú)論哪里有植物生長(zhǎng)，它都會(huì)改變這些地區(qū)水循環(huán)的方式。)”可知，植物和水循環(huán)是互相聯(lián)系的。故畫(huà)線詞意思是“聯(lián)系”。故選D。11．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“?Therearenowmoreareasthatarecoveredinplantsthantherewerein1993，?saidKarenAnderson,aremotesensingscientistwholedtheresearch.(“現(xiàn)在植物覆蓋的區(qū)域比1993年要多，”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)研究的遙感科學(xué)家凱倫·安德森說(shuō)。)”可知，安德森團(tuán)隊(duì)的研究以遙感技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)。故選B。12．B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“MoreplantsaregrowingandexpandingaroundMountEverest(localnameMountQomolangma)astheareacontinuestoexperiencetheconsequencesofglobalwarming,researchershavefound.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著全球變暖的影響，越來(lái)越多的植物在珠穆朗瑪峰周?chē)L(zhǎng)和擴(kuò)張。)”結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講的是植物在珠穆朗瑪峰周?chē)L(zhǎng)。故選B。D(2022·吉林省白山市高三一模)Microplasticsare“oneofthegreatestman-madedisastersofourtime”，accordingtotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.That?sbadnews,giventheyarealsoeverywhere:intapwater,thefoodyoubuy,theclothesyouwearandtheairyoubreathe.Thelargestmicroplasticscanbeseenbythenakedeyeandareanythingunderhalfacentimetreinsize.Butmanyofthemaresmallenoughtoactlikespotsofdustwhichwecanunconsciouslybreatheinoreatinfood.Thesmallestparticlesarecallednanoplasticsandtheyaresmallenoughtogettheirwaydeepintothehumanbody.NewfindingsfromtheUniversityofPortsmouthshowthatthereissomuchsyntheticmaterialinourhomesthatwemightbebreathinginupto7,000microplasticparticlesaday.Usingspecialequipment,researchersmeasuredatypicalfamilyhomeandfoundthehighestconcentrationofitwasinthebedroomoftheeight-year-olddaughter,whoseroomwasdecoratedwithplastic-basedbedding,carpetandsofttoys.Althoughresearchisinitsearlystage,therisksoftheseplasticscouldbeserious—somestudieshavelinkedhighexposuretocancerriskanddisruptingourhormones.Inanimalstudies,theparticleshavebeenshowntoaffectmetabolism,gutbacteriaandtheimmunesystem,amongotherthings.Itisnotyetknownwhatahealthylevelofmicroplasticsmightlooklike,butDrSabineDonnai,CEOoftheViaviclinic,thinksthatmanypeopleintheWestareoverthelimit.Intestsatherclinic,patientsoftencomebackwithdangerouslyhighlevelsofplasticintheirbodies,shesays.13．WhatdoesParagraph2talkabout？________A．Theseriousnessofmicroplastics.B．Thesizeofmicroplastics.C．Thesolutiontomicroplastics.D．Theeffectofmicroplastics.14．Howdidresearchersdeterminetheamountofmicroplasticsofahome？________A．Withtechnicalinstrument.B．Byreferringtopreviousdata.C．Throughexperiments.D．Byobservingenvironment.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disrupting”inParagraph4probablymean？________A．Deciding. B．Disturbing.C．Discovering. D．Defending.16．Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext？________A．NewstudyfoundmicroplasticsB．MicroplasticsarefoundinclothesC．MicroplasticsarethreateningourlifeD．Webreatheinmicroplasticseveryday【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了微塑料無(wú)處不在，介紹了微塑料的大小，以及新發(fā)現(xiàn)表明家里的合成材料如此之多，以至于我們每天可能會(huì)吸入多達(dá)7000個(gè)微塑料顆粒。13．B主