love-is-a-fallacy-part-3-(愛是謬誤)課文分析課件

OrganizationalPatternPart3SectionI(Paras.1-3):theauthor’snote.1.Theauthor’sideaaboutthisstory.2.Theauthor’sideaaboutthepurposeofthisstory.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

OrganizationalPatternPart3SectionII(Paras.4-59):thebargainbetweenthelawstudentandhisroommateovertheexchangeofthegirl.1.(para.4)introductionofthenarrator:protagonist2.(paras.5-21)introductionofthefirstantagonist:PeteyBurch.3.(paras.22-27)introductionofthesecondantagonist:PollyEspy.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

OrganizationalPatternPart3SectionII(Paras.4-59):thebargainbetweenthelawstudentandhisroommateovertheexchangeofthegirl.

4.(paras.28-40)soundingout(探詢)therelationshipbetweenPeteyandPolly.5.(paras.40-59)unethical(不道德的)transactionoverPollylove_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

OrganizationalPatternPart3SectionIII(Paras.60-124):theteachingof8logicalfallacies1.(para.60-61)asurvey,firstdatewiththegirl,firstimpressionofthegirl.Hetriestofindouthowstupidsheis.2.(paras.62-74)DictoSimpliciter3.(paras.75-79)HastyGeneralizationlove_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

OrganizationalPatternPart3SectionIII(Paras.60-124):theteachingof8logicalfallacies4.(paras.28-40)soundingout(探詢)therelationshipbetweenPeteyandPolly.5.(paras.40-59)unethicaltransactionoverPolly7.(paras.99-104)Misericordiam8.(paras.105-108)FalseAnalogy9.(paras.109-114)HypothesisContrarytoFact10.(paras.115-124)PoisoningtheWell

love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

SectionIV(Paras.125-154):theendingofthestory:backfiringofallthearguments(paras.125-152)Thequarrelbetweentheboyandthegirl.

(climaxespeciallyparas.147--150)

(paras.153-154)Modulation(thefallingaction)OrganizationalPatternPart3love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

DobieGillis（thenarrator）PollyEspy(thegirl)DeclarationoflovetoPollyPeteyBurchPromisedtobehisGFAraccooncoatThrowgoodmoneyafterBad賠了夫人又折兵Refutedallhisargumentsaslogicalfallacies.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析Thewholestory——

Thewriterissatirizingasmug,self-conceitedfreshmaninalawschoolTheverybeginning——thenarratorbeginswithallthebeautifulwordshecanthinkoftopraisehimselfateveryconceivableopportunityandtakeseveryopportunitytodowngradehisroommate.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析Asthestorywenton...-Thenarratormadeadealwithhisroommate.-FirstdatewithPolly,disappointed-Decidedtoteachhertothinkandtolearnlogic-Afterlessons,triedtochangedrelationshipfromacademictoromanticlove_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析Theclimax

-PollyrefusestogosteadywiththenarratorbecauseshehasalreadypromisedtobePetey’sgirlfriend-Thenarratorhad

araccooncoat--bigmenwerewearinglove_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析Theending...

-Ironic-Thenarratorhasgotwhathedeserved.Hehasbeentoocleverforhisowngood.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText1.“Soundsyummy,”wasPolly’sreaction.(Para.110)

yummy:(Americancolloquialism)echoicofasoundmadeinexpressingpleasureatataste;verytasty;delectableSoundsfine2.“Didyouseethemovie?Oh,itjustknockedmeout.ThatWalterPidgeonissodreamy.Imeanhefracturesme.”(Para.112)

excellent,wonderful,delightfultoevokeastrongreactioninsomeone;tocausetoreactwithenthusiasmIwasexcitedandfilledwithpleasurebythemovie.Thatwell-knownactorWalterPidgeonissowonderfulandhefascinatesme.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析3.Onemorechance,Idecided.Butjustonemore.Thereisalimittowhatfleshandbloodcanbear.(Para.115)

DetailedStudyoftheTextEllipsisandinversion.IdecidedthatIwouldgiveheronemorechance.Thereisalimittowhatanyhumanbeingcanbear.Impliedmeaning：ifIfailedthistime,Iwouldgiveup.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText5.Iwatchedhercloselyassheknithercreamybrowinconcentration.Suddenly,aglimmerofintelligence—thefirstIhadseen—cameintohereyes.(Para.118)

todrawthebrowstogether(aswhenthinkinghard)

眉頭緊鎖，精力集中g(shù)limmer:n.afaintunsteadylightorasmalluncertainsign微弱的閃光；微弱的征兆aglimmerofintelligence一線智慧Iwatchedherasshethoughtveryhard.Suddenly,fromhereyesIcouldseeforthefirsttimeasmalluncertainsignshowingshewasbeginningtounderstandtheproblem.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText6.“Right!”Icriedexultantly.“Onehundredpercentright.It’snotfair.Thefirstmanhaspoisonedthewellbeforeanybodycoulddrinkfromit.Hehashamstrunghisopponentbeforehecouldevenstart.…

(Para.119)

exultant:ad.(fml.orlit.)jubilant興高采烈的hamstring:v.tomake(apersonorgroup)ineffectiveorpowerless;crippleHehasmadehisopponentpowerless/disabledhisopponentbeforehehasthechancetodefendhimself.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText7.HeartenedbytheknowledgethatPollywasnotaltogetheracretin,Ibeganalong,patientreviewofallIhadtoldher.OverandoverandoveragainIcitedinstancespointedoutflaws,kepthammeringawaywithoutlet-up.(Para.123)

v.(oftenpassive)encourage使振作，高興；鼓勵n.(tabooslang)anextremelystupidpersontokeepemphasizingortalkingaboutstopping;relaxingIwasencouragedwhenIknewthatPollywasnotahopelessidiot.SooverandoveragainIgaveexamplesandpointedoutthemistakesinherthinking.Ikeptemphasizingallthiswithoutstopping.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText8.Itwaslikediggingatunnel.Atfirsteverythingwaswork,sweat,anddarkness.IhadnoideawhenIwouldreachthelight,orevenifIwould.ButIpersisted.Ipoundedandclawedandscraped,andfinallyIwasrewarded.Isawachinkoflight.Andthenthechinkgotbiggerandthesuncamepouringinandallwasbright.(Para.123)

Simile,comparinghisteachingtothehardworkofdiggingatunnel.v.scratch,clutch,aswithclaws(nails)抓；撓v.scratch,cutthesurfaceofslightly刮除Atfirstitwasveryhardwork(sweatingandworkinginthedark)butfinallyhesawthelightattheendofthetunnelandknewhehadsucceededindiggingthiswaythrough.AfteralotofhardworkhemanagedtomakePollythinklogically.Whenhewentoutattheotherendofthetunnelhefoundthesunshiningbrightly.Everythinglookedbrightandhappy.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText9.Fivegruelingnightsthistook,butitwasworthit.IhadmadealogicianoutofPolly;(Para.124)

IhadturnedPollyintoalogician.10.Shewasworthyofmeatlast.Shewasafitwifeforme,aproperhostessformymanymansions,asuitablemotherformywell-heeledchildren.(Para.124)

Shewasworthyofmeatlast:This,onceagain,showsthenarrator’sconceit.Pollywasnotgoodenoughtobehiswifeatfirst.(Americanslang)rich,prosperousHerethenarratordescribestherolewhathethinkhiswifeshouldplay.Canyouimaginetheimageofhiswifeaccordingthissentence??love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheTextHerethenarratordescribestherole,whichhethinks,awifeshouldplay.Firstsheshouldbeaproperhostessofarichmanwhoownsmanymansions.Inotherwordssheshouldbegoodatentertaininghisrichfriendsandclientsandthusfurtherhiscareer.Second,sheshouldbeagoodmotherandproperlylookafterhisrichandprosperouschildren.Angelinthehouselove_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText11.ItmustnotbethoughtthatIwaswithoutloveforthisgirl.Quitethecontrary.JustasPygmalionlovedtheperfectwomanhehadfashioned,soIlovedmine.(Para.125)

ItmustnotbethoughtthatIwaswithoutloveforthisgirl:doublenegation.Quitethecontrary,Ilovedthisgirl.JustasPygmalionloved…soIlovedmine:Analogy,comparingmyloveofPollytoPygmalion’slovetowardshissculpturework.ItalsoindicatesthatIregardPollyasmypossession;Itakeitforgrantedthatshebelongstome.（Para22）Hedidn’thaveitexactly,butatleasthehadfirstrightsonit.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析Pygmalion：akingofCyprus（塞浦路斯）,wasafamoussculptor.HemadeabeautifulivorystatueofawomanandgaveitthenameofGalatea（加拉泰亞）,andfellinlovewithit.Athisprayers,Aphrodite—thegoddessofbeautyandlove（愛神阿芙洛狄忒),gaveitlife.AndGalatea,nowawomaninfleshandblood,becamePygmalion'wife.Aphrodite,cametotheirwedding.[希神]比哥馬利恩(塞浦路斯國王；熱戀自己雕的少女像)love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText12.“Ibegyourpardon,”saidI.(Para.130)

Apoliteformulaofapology,disagreement,etc.Herethenarratorusesthispoliteformulatoexpresshissurpriseanddisbelief.HedidnotknowwhattomakeofPolly’sanswer.Asenseofembarrassment13.Ichuckledwithamusement.Thedearchildhadlearnedherlessonswell.“Mydear,”ISaid,pattingherhandinatolerantmanner,“fivedatesisplenty.Afterall,youdon’thavetoeatawholecaketoknowit’sgood.”(Para.132)

Thisself-conceitedandarrogantfreshmanadoptsaverypatronizing（傲慢的）

attitudetowardsPolly.ThisdearlittlegirlhaslearntverywellwhatItaughther.Hispatronizingnotonlyinspeechandtonebutalsoinaction.Hepattedherhandinsuchawayastoshowthathewastryingtoputupwithsomethinghedidnotespeciallylike.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText14.“Polly,Iloveyou.Youarethewholeworldtome,andthemoonandthestarsandtheconstellationsofouterspace.Please,mydarling,saythatyouwillgosteadywithme,forifyouwillnot,lifewillbemeaningless.Iwilllanguish.Iwillrefusemymeals.Iwillwanderthefaceoftheearth,ashambling,hollow-eyedhulk.”(Para.135)

n.agroupoffixedstarsoftenhavinganamev.towalkawkwardly,draggingthefeetn.aheavy,awkwardperson笨重的東西/人；龐然大物波利，我愛你。你是我的整個世界，我的月亮，我的星星，我的宇宙。親愛的，請說你要和我堅(jiān)守在一起吧！不然，我的生活將會失去意義；我將會萎靡不振，茶不思，飯不想；我將成為到處游蕩，步履蹣跚，無精打采的軀殼。love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析15.There,Ithought,foldingmyarms,thatoughttodoit.(Para.136)

ThisdirectdeclarationofloveshouldmovePollytoacceptmylove.DetailedStudyoftheText16.Igroundmyteeth.IwasnotPygmalion;IwasFrankenstein,andmymonsterhadmebythethroat.(Para.138)

Igroundmyteeth:anaction,showingextremeexasperation,butstilltryinghardtocontrolhisrisingtemper.hadsb.bythethroat:attackbyseizingandsqueezingone’sthroatIwasnotPygmalion…bythethroat:Thesetwoallusionsarewellchosen.HeplannedtobePygmalion,tofashionanidealwifeforhimself;buthebecameFrankensteinforPolly(hisstudent)ultimatelyrejectedhim(herteacher).love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析Frankenstein：thetitlecharacterinanovelbyShelley.主人公弗蘭肯斯坦是一位從事人的生命科學(xué)研究的學(xué)者，他力圖用人工創(chuàng)造出生命。在他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，通過無數(shù)次的探索，他創(chuàng)造了一個面目可憎，奇丑無比的怪物。開始時(shí)，這人造的怪物秉性善良，對人充滿了善意和感恩之情。他要求他的創(chuàng)造者和人們給予他人生的種種權(quán)利，甚至要求為他創(chuàng)造一個配偶,被主人公拒絕了。但是，當(dāng)他處處受到他的創(chuàng)造者和人們的嫌惡和岐視時(shí)，他感到非常痛苦。他憎恨一切，他想毀滅一切。他殺害了弗蘭肯斯坦的弟弟威廉，他又企圖謀害弗蘭肯斯坦的未婚妻伊麗莎白。弗蘭肯斯坦懷著滿腔怒火追捕他所創(chuàng)造的惡魔般的怪物。最后，在搏斗中，弗蘭肯斯坦和怪物同歸于盡。本書揭示了作者的哲學(xué)觀點(diǎn)。她認(rèn)為人具有雙重性格——善與惡。長期受人嫌惡、岐視和迫害會使人變得邪惡而干出種種壞事，甚至發(fā)展到不可收拾的地步。

P-78Nowthewordoftenreferstoanagencyoracreatesthatslipsfromthecontrolofandultimatelydestroysitscreator.新的單詞Frankenstein：一個最終毀了它的創(chuàng)造者的東西。love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText17.FranticallyIfoughtbackthetideofpanicsurgingthroughme.AtallcostsIhadtokeepcool.(Para.138)

DesperatelyItriedtostopthefeelingofpanicthatwasoverwhelmingme.Itried,byeverymeanspossible,tokeepcalm.18.Idashedperspirationfrommybrow.“Polly,”Icroaked,“youmustn’ttakeallthesethingssoliterally.

Imeanthisisjustclassroomstuff.Youknowthatthethingsyoulearninschooldon’thaveanythingtodowithlife.”

(Para.145)exasperationdesperationHeismakingalastattempttowinPolly’slove.“Polly,youmustn’ttakeallthelogicalfallaciesItaughtyouseriouslyasrealfacts.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheTextWhydoesthenarratorarguethat“thethingsyoulearninschooldon’thaveanythingtodowithlife”?Doyouagree??AfinaldesperateattempttomakePollyforgetthefallacieshetaughther.HemightyetbeabletoconvincePollythathelovesherandthatsheshouldgosteadywithhim.Youknowthatthe(foolishandworthless)thingsyoulearninschoolhavenorealuseinlife.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText19.Thatdidit.Ileapedtomyfeet,bellowinglikeabull.“Willyouorwillyounotgosteadywithme?”(Para.147)

“That”referstowhathasgonebeforeand“it”referstotheresultorconsequencebroughtaboutby“that”.Inthecontext,“that”referstoPolly’slastanswerand“it”tohislossoftemper,“bellowinglikeabull.”Thatwasthefinalstraw.Thatmademelosemypatience.Simile,comparinghisangryshoutstothebellowingofabull.IgotsoangrythatIjumpedtomyfeetandshouted.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析20.Ireeledback,overcomewiththeinfamyofit.(Para.151)

Istaggeredback,overcomebythegreatwickednessofPetey’straitorousact.21.Afterhepromised,afterhemadeadeal,afterheshookmyhand!“Therat!Ishrieked,kickingupgreatchunksofturf.“Youcan’tgowithhim,Polly.He’saliar.He’sacheat.He’sarat.”(Para.151)

shookmyhand:Theshakingofhandsconcludesorsealsabargain.Itisthefinalacttoshowthatthedealismade.Afterhemade…myhand:Ellipsis.Hedidhistraitorousactafterhepromised.

DetailedStudyoftheTextmetaphor,comparingPeteytoarat.“Rat”(Americanslang)isusedfordescribingasneaky,contemptiblepersonwhodesertsorbetraysacauseorafriend.Theparallelsentencesshowthenarrator’srageoverPetey’sbetrayal.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析DetailedStudyoftheText22.Lookatme—abrilliantstudent,atremendousintellectual,amanwithanassuredfuture.LookatPetey—aknot-head,ajitterbug,aguywho’llneverknowwherehisnextmealiscomingfrom.(Para.153)

asafeandsecurefutureanincompetentorstupidperson.referringtoanemotionallyunstablepersonAntithesis.“Brilliant,intellectualandassured”arebalancedagainst“knot-headed,jitterbugandneverknowwherehisnextmealiscomingfrom”.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析TheEnding—“CanyougivemeonelogicalreasonwhyyoushouldgosteadywithPeteyBurch?”—“Icertainlycan,”declaredPolly.“He’sgotaraccooncoat.”Itshowsthattheboy’sassumptionofwhathisteachingmightbeleadingtohissuccessinhisloveaffairiswrong.Thedenouement（結(jié)局）

followsrapidlyandendsonaveryironictone.TheraccooncoatwhichhegavetoPeteyBurchfortheprivilegeofdatinghisgirl,theraccooncoatwhichthenarratordislikedandabhorred,wastheinstrumentofhisundoing.PollyEspypromisedtogosteadywithPeteyBurchbecauseheownedaraccooncoat,acoatthatallfashionablepeopleoncampuswerewearing.

Totheendofthestory,wereadersfeelthenarratorhasgotwhathedeserved.Hehasbeentoocleverforhisowngood.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析StyleAppreciation

AbouttheStyleoftheTextMaxShulmanhasastylequitehisown.Thestorygoesforwardataveryfastpacewitharacy(有趣的；生動的)dialoguefullofAmericancolloquialismandslangs.Heemploysawholevarietyofwritingtechniquestomakehisstoryvivid,dramaticandcolorful.Thelexicalspectrumiswide—fromtheultra(過激的)learnedtermsusedbytheconceitednarratortotheclippedvulgarformsofPollyEspylove_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析StyleAppreciation

AbouttheStyleoftheText

Heusesfigurativelanguageprofuselyandalsogrammaticalinversionforspecialemphasis.Thespeedofthenarrationismaintainedbytheuseofshortsentences,ellipticalsentencesanddashesthroughoutthestory.Thismixaddstotherealismofthestory.Onewouldexpectafreshmantotalklikethis.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

TheChiefAttractionoftheTextThehumorThewholestoryisapieceoflight,humoroussatire,satirizingasmug,self-conceitedfreshmaninalawschool.1.thetitleThetitleishumorous.Thewriterwantsthereaderstoconcludethat“l(fā)ove”isanerror,adeceptionandanemotionthatdoesnotfollowtheprinciplesoflogic.2.theauthor’snote“spongy”,“l(fā)imp”,“flaccid”arespecificcharacteristicsofhisessay.Heisjoking,whichindicatesthatthewholestoryishumorous.love_is_a_fallacy---part__3_(愛是謬誤)課文分析

TheChiefAttractionoftheTextThehumor

3.

thecontrast

thelawstudent&thegirl&PeteyboastinghimselfV.S.downgradingtheothers4.theendingofthestorytheraccooncoatwhichthelawstudentdespises（輕視）andgiveittohisroommatefortheexchangeofhisgirlfriendhasfinallybecometherootcauseofhislosinghisgirlfriend.5.thecleverchoiceofthenamesPettey:pityEspy:Ispylov