廣東省廣州市2018年中考英語試題(原卷版)

#2018年廣州市初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試英語一、語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。XianXinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinChina.Hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote1300songsandanopera.XianwasbominPanyu,Guangdong,Chinain1905.Becausehisfatherdiedbeforehewasborn,Xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith-_2_mother.Hebeganlearningtoplay3violinwhenhewas20yearsold.Inthebeginning,hisviolinwas__4__cheapandbadlymadethathe__5__notplayitwell.Hisfriendslaughedathim.Xiandidnotstop_6andsoonshowedhistalent.In1934,hewasoneofthefirstChinesestudents_7_studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.Beforehe8,Xianbecametheschoolsbeststudent9wonseveralprizesforhistalents.In1935,hereturnedtoChinaandhelpedfightagainsttheJapanesearmy.Later,hecametoYan'an_10_musicatacollege.therewerenopianosinYan'anatthattimeXianstillwrote_12_ofhismostimportantmusicthere,includingTheYellowRiveismostfamouswork.InMay1940,XiantotheSovietUnionbytheChineseCommunistPartytowritemusicformovies.IntheSovietUnion,lifewasvery14_.Xiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillness15October30,1945,agedonly40.Xian'smusic,however,livesoninthepeople'shearts.1.A.nearB.nearlyC.nearbyD.near2.A.heB.himC.hisD.he's3.A.aB.anC.theD.this4.A.soB.suchC.veryD.much5.A.needB.mayC.shouldD.could6.A.practiceB.practicingC.topracticeD.practised7.A.whatB.whichC.whomD.who8.A.leaveB.leavesC.leftD.wasleaving9.A.andB.butC.asD.orA.teachB.taughtC.teachingD.toteachA.IfB.AlthoughC.WhenD.BecauseA.anyB.littleC.fewD.someA.sentB.wassentC.hassentD.wassendingA.hardB.harderC.hardestD.thehardestA.atB.inC.onD.by二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16~25各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Beforegraduatingcollege,Jackiebegantolookforajob.Sheaimedatafamouscompany,butthe16forsuchjobswasverystrong.ThecompanyJackiechoseplannedtoemployonlyoneperson,butmorethantwentypeopleappliedforthejob.17,Jackiewasoneofthethreepeopleinvitedforthefinalinterview.Theinterviewwasvery18.Theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasalloverinlessthan10minutes.Thentheinterviewersaidtothem,"Allofyouareverygood.Pleasegohomeand19ourresponse.”Threedayslater,Jackiereceivedamessagesayingshewouldnotbe20thejob.Shefeltdeeplydisappointed.Thatevening.howevershereceivedanother21.Thistimeitsaidthatshegotthejob.Jackielaterfoundoutthatthefirstmessagesenttoherphonewaspartoftheinterviewa22toseeifshewassuitableforthejob.Allthethreepeoplereceivedthe23text,butonlyJackie'sreply24thecompanyOfthethree,onedidnotreply.Theothersaid“goodbye”andJackiesaid“thankyou".ThisreplyshowedthatJackiewasa/an25person,sothecompanyofferedherthejob.16.A.examB.workC.competitionD.plan17.A.ThankfullyB.UnluckilyC.HopefullyD.Immediately18.A.longB.strictC.interestingD.simpleA.pickupB.waitforC.dealwithD.thinkofA.offeredB.returnedC.refusedD.shown21.A.letterB.e-mailC.callD.message22.A.guideB.conversationC.testD.lesson23.A.sameB.otherC.secondD.wholeA.reachedB.satisfiedC.helpedD.surprisedA.braveB.cleverC.politeD.honest三、閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從26~45各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。涂黑。（A）Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.OnthatdayhisfathertookhimtotheChildren'sActivityCentreandsaidhecouldchooseanycoursethatinterestedhim.Therewasjustonerequirement:Linwouldhavetopromisetostudyitforatleastoneyear.TothatpointLinhadhadmanyhobbies,butnonekepthisinterestformorethanaweekortwo.Hismumoncegavehimabagofstampstoencouragestampcollecting.Thathobbylastedaweek.ThenhisfathergothimsomepaintshopingthatLin'sartisticsidewouldshinethrough.Thosepaintswerenowunderhisbed,stillunopened.ThistimeLin'sparentswouldlethimdecide.Lin'seyesmoveddownthenoticeboardthatlistedallthecoursesonoffer.Hestoppedat"Photography".Helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenoticesaidthateachstudentneededtheirowncamera.AlthoughLin'sfamilyweren'tpoor,theyweren'tricheither,andacameracostalotofmoney.Hecontinuedlooking.Thenextcoursetocatchhiseyewas"LanguageArt".Hedidn'tevenknowwhatthatmeant.Hisfatherexplainedthatittaughtpeoplehowtomakepublicspeeches.Lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothingworse.Thenhesawit."Cooking"soundedlikesomethinghe'dliketodo.Itwasinexpensiveandconvenient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalsocreative.BasedonLin'shobbyhistory,hisdadhaddoubts,butheagreed.Muchtohisparents'surprise,Linkepthispromise.HestudiedcookingattheCentreeverySaturday,andpractisedathome,makingdeliciousmealsforhisfamily.Everyonelookedforwardtobirthdays,whentheycouldeathiscakes.Lingotgreatsatisfactionfromthepleasurehisfoodbroughttoothers.Themonthsturnedtoyearsbuthishobbyneverchangedagain.NowLinisanadultandrunsasuccessfulrestaurant.Whencustomerssaytheyenjoyhismeal,hestillgetsthesamepleasurehedidasachild,andremembersthespecialgifthereceivedallthoseyearsago.Whydidn'tLinchoosetostudyphotography?Itwastooexpensive.Hehadnointerestinit.Hewasnotverycreative.Itwasnotofferedthatterm.Theunderlinedexpression"catchhiseye"inParagraph4means“”.makehimexcitedcausehimsurprisegethisattentionhelphimseeclearlyWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLin'sinterestincooking?Itonlylastedforashorttime.Itseemedtomatchhischaracter.Itwasforcedonhimbyhisparents.Itdevelopedslowlyovermanymonths.WhydidthefatherhavedoubtsaboutLin'schoiceofcooking?Linwasn'tgoodatcooking.Cookingwasn'tveryconvenient.Hedidn'tthinkLinwouldcontinue.Cookingwasn'tagoodhobbyforaboy.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?AStrictFatherAChangeableBoyTheFunofCookingTheBirthdayGift（B）Expertsbelievethattherearemorethan8millionrestaurantsintheworldtoday.Soitmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatrestaurants,asweknowthem,haveonlyexistedforafewcenturies.Before1765,therewerenorestaurants.Thatis,therewerenoplacesthatprovidedtherestaurantexperience.Therewasnowhereinwhichawaiterbroughtyoufoodanddrinkthatyoupickedfromamenu.Infact,therewerenomenusanywhere.Therewereeatingplacestravellerscouldgotocenturiesbeforethat.Thecountrysidewasfullofinnsthatwouldservefood.Andthereweretavernswhereonecouldgetdrinks.Therichcouldalsoeatspecialmealspreparedbyprivatecooks.Butnoneofthemcouldbecalleda“restaurant”.AmancalledBoulangerchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplaceinParisthatsoldsoups湯）.Onhissignheusedtheword"restaurant"todescribewhathewasselling.Atthattime,soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelp"restore"（恢復）yourhealth-inFrenchtheword"restore"is“restaurer"sohecalledthesoups"restaurants".Soon,peoplestartedbuyingBoulanger'ssoupsevenwhentheywerenotill.Andovertime,peoplebegantousetheword"restaurant"torefertoaplacesellingsoupratherthanthesoupitself.More"restaurants"openedinFrance,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmoreoften.Later,restaurantsinParisbegantoserveotherfoodbesidessoup.Inthe1790s,menusstartedtoappear.Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.TheUnitedStatesofferedcoffeeshops.TeahousesbecamepopularthroughoutChina.Pariscreatedbeautifulrestaurantsfortherich.TheBritishbegantocopytheFrench,andtherestaurantideaspreadthroughouttheBritishEmpire.Todaycitiesarefilledwithalltypesofrestaurants.Dinershavemillionsofoptionsfromwhichtochoose.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?HowrestaurantsdevelopedWhatmadeagoodrestaurant.WhocreatedthefirstrestaurantWhyrestaurantsbecamepopular.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaderestaurantsdifferentfromearliereatingplaces?RestaurantsonlyservedfoodRestaurantsweremoreexpensiveRestaurantsweremainlyincitiesRestaurantshadalistofmealchoicesWhodidBoulangerexpecttocomeandeatathisrestaurant?RichpeopleSickpeople.Travellers.Workers.Whenitwasfirstused.whatdidtheword"restaurant"referto?Aperson.Aplace.Illness.Soup.Whendidrestaurantsbegintogrowinternationally?Inthe1600s.Inthe1700s.Inthe1800s.Inthe1900s.（C）ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemonplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon'tknowisthatjunk（圾）hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.Andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes（望遠鏡）.Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan'tsee.Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeedsfastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.Manyscientistsalsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEnglandscientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearth'satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe'resendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,”saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspaceResearcher.“Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,”hesays.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?Telescopes.Satellites.Piecesofspacejunk.BBCnewsreports.Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?Itbunsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphereItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarthItcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeedsItmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeatCountrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth'satmospheresothat.thetoolscanbereusedlaterthetoolsdon'tbecomespacejunktheearth'satmospherecanstaycleanD.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudiedHowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?Catchitwithnets.Userobotstocollectit.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?Environment.LocalNews.Education.Fashion.D)ScienceforKidsThismonth'smostpopularbooks1.WomeninSciencebyRachelIgnotofskyPrice$25SpecialOfferWeallknowthestoryofMarieCurieandhermanyForthismonthonly,allBestbooksscientificachievements.ButmanyotherbrilliantfemaleBookClubscientistsarefarlesswellknown.Thisbookisagreatmemberswillpay20%lessforeveryintroductiontothelivesandworksofsomeofth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