定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)題講解課件

定語(yǔ)從句TheAttributiveClause12023/10/14

Ilikequietmusic.Ilikemusicthatisquiet.定語(yǔ)從句1.什么是定語(yǔ)從句？2.什么是先行詞？3.什么是關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞？如何確定？4.如何把兩個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句？Thinkaboutit22023/10/14agirlwholikesred.IknowLearntodiscover定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語(yǔ)從句。兩個(gè)句子兩個(gè)詞主句從句？32023/10/141.Iknowagirl2.wholikesred.Jimreadsbooks

whicharefun.主句從句完整的句子是主句不完整的句子是從句42023/10/143.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?兩個(gè)詞先行詞關(guān)系代詞被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞whowhichthat52023/10/14在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。

定語(yǔ)從句一般放在先行詞后面。而漢語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)則放在被修飾詞之前。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞稱(chēng)為關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞（that,which,who,whom,whose)和關(guān)系副詞（when,where,why)。關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分，關(guān)系副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ)。62023/10/14Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhoisbeautiful.形容詞作定語(yǔ)句子作定語(yǔ),修飾girl,叫做定語(yǔ)從句72023/10/14Ilikemusic

that/whichIcandanceto.先行詞關(guān)系代詞定語(yǔ)從句Ilikethesinger

whoisbeautiful.Ilikethemovie

thatisfunny.找一找Istillrememberthefirsttime

whenImether.82023/10/14Learntothink關(guān)系代詞先行詞決定先行詞關(guān)系代詞人物人和物whowhichthatthatthat92023/10/14Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并為一個(gè)句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.102023/10/14Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.修飾先行詞anapple

112023/10/14Ihavesomefriends.

Somefriendslikesports.Ihavesomefriendswholikesports.修飾先行詞friends

122023/10/14Ilikethemovie.Themovieisexciting.Ilikethemoviethatisexciting.that修飾先行詞movie132023/10/14Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.

Thewomanisateacher.

Thewomanlivesnextdoor.who修飾先行詞woman142023/10/14Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicturethat

youboughtlastweek?152023/10/141.關(guān)系代詞that,which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:

如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which.(作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))162023/10/14Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.Practise:

1.Thisisthehouse.ThehouseisforsaleThisisthehousethat/whichisforsale.which/that作主語(yǔ).

(不能省)（作主語(yǔ)）172023/10/14which/that作賓語(yǔ)：（可省略）Thisisthecard.I’vejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatI’vejustreceived.Practise:1.Thisisthemistake.Ialwaysmakemistake.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake2.Istillkeeptheletters.Shewrotetheletterstome.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.(

)（作賓語(yǔ)）(

)182023/10/142.關(guān)系代詞who,that,whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:

如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who,that(作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ))whom(作賓語(yǔ))192023/10/14who/that作主語(yǔ).(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主語(yǔ))TheboycalledRoy.Theboybrokethewindow.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledRoy./thatPractise:202023/10/14who/whom/that作賓語(yǔ)：(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作賓語(yǔ)）Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.

Thethief(who/that/whom)thepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.Practise:212023/10/14

定語(yǔ)從句的用法:當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí),用which

或that引導(dǎo).Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí),用who,whom,whose,that引導(dǎo).222023/10/14who,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別.who

作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ).

Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語(yǔ)232023/10/14Whom作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)

Thewomanwhom

theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作賓語(yǔ)242023/10/14whose

作定語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ).

Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定語(yǔ)252023/10/14that

可以作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).注意:

關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略.

Thewoman(whom/that)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.262023/10/14小結(jié)：1).that－既可指人，也可指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。2).which－指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略.3).who－指人，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略,（常用whom）注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式由先行詞定。272023/10/14有時(shí)只能用that,不用which,常見(jiàn)的情況有六種：當(dāng)先行詞是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone

或被它們修飾時(shí)。

1).That’sall

thatIknow.2).Isthereanything

thatIcandoforyou?3).Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.282023/10/14

2).ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.當(dāng)先行詞有thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾時(shí)。1).That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.2).Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.2.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)1).ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.292023/10/145.先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that.Themanandhisdog

thatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?4.當(dāng)主句以

who

或which開(kāi)頭時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞用

that,而不用

which或who.302023/10/14關(guān)系代詞只用which不用that情況1.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞。2.先行詞本身是that.312023/10/14whose

作定語(yǔ),表示所屬關(guān)系。

Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapoliceman

ismyclassmate.322023/10/14【巧學(xué)妙記】定語(yǔ)從句的用法主句型，從句型，兩種句子要完整。從句緊跟先行詞，關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)要弄清。定人要用who或whom，定物which當(dāng)先用。關(guān)系代詞用that，定人定物有本領(lǐng)。when用來(lái)定時(shí)間，where用來(lái)定地點(diǎn)。關(guān)系代詞作成分，唯作賓語(yǔ)可省略。332023/10/14Exercise1:用關(guān)系代詞填空Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that342023/10/145.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.352023/10/14Exercise2.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.Say

all

________youknow.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something,anything,nothing,

all

等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.362023/10/144.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat372023/10/14先行詞1.Iknowagirlwho____(like)red.先行詞2.Jimreadsbookswhich___(be)fun.先行詞3.Doyouknowthethingsandpersons

thatthey____(be)talkingabout?先行詞決定關(guān)系代詞從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式likes

areare382023/10/14定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致Themp4that____beengiventomeishome-made.(have)I,who____yourclassmate,willsharetheworkwithyou.(be)關(guān)系代詞做從句的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致，先行詞是句子時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。hasam392023/10/14Learntopractice1.Tomisoneoftheboysthat_________(be)fromtheUSA.2.Tomistheonlyboythat_______(be)fromtheUSA.areis402023/10/14【注意】Heisoneofthestudentswho______madegreatprogress.MrWangistheonlyoneofmyfriendswho____beeninvitedtohavedinnerwithus.(have)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作先行詞時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但若one前有the（only）the（just）the（very）修飾時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式havehas412023/10/14Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/that3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.which/thatwhose422023/10/144.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that432023/10/147.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat442023/10/14Exercise1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.

Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.452023/10/144.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that462023/10/147.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat472023/10/1410.Theperson_________youshouldwritetoisMrBall.11.Theteacherfrom________IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.12.Therunner____________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.13.Thegirl____________youarelookingforisintheclassroom.14.Themeeting_________weshalltakepartinwillbeheldinahotel.15.Thefactory__________Iworkedinforovertwoyearshasbeenclosed.16.Theairport________is30kilometresawayistheonlyoneinthecity17.Theperson________wontheracewasawomanfromSichuan.whowhomwho/whomwho/wh