外研版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Module1至Module3知識(shí)總結(jié)

Module1HowtolearnEnglishModule1Practisesayingthewords.練習(xí)說這些單詞。

practise[動(dòng)詞]練習(xí)

practisedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事Myelderbrotheroftenpractisesplayingtheguitar.

我哥哥經(jīng)常練習(xí)彈吉他。Youneedtopractiseeveryday.

你需要每天練習(xí)。拓展：①后面常跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞：practise練習(xí) mind介意 enjoy喜歡 finish完成 keep一直 avoid避免

②practice[名詞]練習(xí);訓(xùn)練;實(shí)踐

Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧?！狧owdoyouimproveyourspokenEnglish?—Bypractising

tomyteachersandclassmates. A.talking B.totalk C.talk解析:practisedoingsth.意為“練習(xí)做某事”,為固定搭配。答案:AAlookup查找lookup①查;查找賓語是需要查找的某種信息,如word,phonenumber等。Let'slookuptheopeningtimeontheInternet.咱們?cè)谝蛱鼐W(wǎng)上查查開放時(shí)間吧。Idon'tknowtheword.Pleasehelpmelookitupinthedictionary.我不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞,請(qǐng)幫我在詞典里查一下它。注意：lookup是“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”型短語，其賓語若為人稱代詞,只能將人稱代詞放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間;賓語若為名詞,則放在副詞前后均可。此用法可簡記為“代中間，名兩邊”。②抬頭往上看HelookedupfromhisbookasIenteredtheroom.我進(jìn)入房間時(shí),他從書本上抬起頭來看了看。Whohassomeadvice?誰有一些建議?advice[不可數(shù)名詞]意見；建議apieceofadvice.一條建議someadvice一些建議I'llgiveyousomeadviceonhowtolookafteryourpetdog.我將給你一些怎樣照顧你的寵物狗的建議。That'sagoodidea.那是個(gè)好主意。That'sagoodidea.通常用于對(duì)別人提出的建議表示贊同,還可用Goodidea.(好主意)表達(dá)?！狶et'sgocampingthisweekend!這個(gè)周末我們?nèi)ヂ稜I吧!—That'sagoodidea!好主意!—Let'sgoshoppingforsomeorangejuice.—

AndwecanalsobuysomecoffeeforMum.A.Excuseme! B.Goodidea! C.Nevermind. D.I'msorry.解析：Excuseme!“打擾了!”;Goodidea!“好主意!”;Nevermind.“不要緊”;I'msorry.“對(duì)不起”。由上文句意“我們?nèi)ベI一些橙汁吧”和下文句意“我們也可以給媽媽買一些咖啡”可知,空格處句子表示贊同對(duì)方建議。答案:BBAnddon'tforgettowritedownthecorrectanswersnexttothemistakes.而且不要忘記把正確答案寫在所犯錯(cuò)誤的旁邊。辨析：forgettodosth.與forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.忘記去做某事

動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生lforgottoopenthedoor.我忘記了去開門。Iforgotopeningthedoor.我忘記開過門了。Eachtimeyouwilllearnsomethingnew.每一遍你都會(huì)學(xué)到新東西。somethingnew新東西形容詞new作后置定語,修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something。something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody等復(fù)合不定代詞被形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式修飾時(shí),形容詞或動(dòng)詞不定式要放在它們之后,作后置定語。Iwanttoreadsomethinginteresting.我想讀點(diǎn)兒有趣的東西。Shehassomethingtotellyou.她有事要告訴你。lalsoadviseyoutotalkaboutthefilmsorsongswithyourfriends.我還建議你和朋友們談?wù)?所看的)電影或(所聽的)歌曲。advise[動(dòng)詞]向……提出意見;忠告;建議①advisesb.(not)todosth.建議某人(不要)做某事Thedentistadvisesmetobrushmyteeththreetimesaday.牙醫(yī)建議我每天刷牙三次。Iadvisedhernottodrive.我建議她不要開車。②advise(doing)sth.建議(做)某事Thedoctoradvised(taking)aweek'srest.醫(yī)生建議休息一個(gè)星期。BecauseofCOVID-19,thegovernmentadvisedus

tothepublicplacesless.A.going B.go C.togo D.gone解析:我們可用“固定搭配法”解答此題。advisesb.todosth.意為“建議某人做某事”。句意:由于新冠肺炎,政府建議我們少去公共場所。答案:CCItisnaturaltoforgetnewwords!忘記生詞是很合乎常情的!Itis+形容詞+todosth.做某事是……的。該句式中，it作形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式短語是真正的主語。Itisdangeroustocrossthebusystreet.穿過繁忙的街道很危險(xiǎn)。Itis+形容詞+forsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是……的。It’snecessaryforustogetthereontime.對(duì)我們來說按時(shí)到達(dá)那里是必要的。It‘snecessary

masks（口罩）inpublicplacesduringtheCOVID-19period.A.forustowear B.foruswearing C.ofuswearing D.ofustowear解析:我們可用“固定句式法”解答此題?！癐t’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth.”意為“對(duì)于某人來說做某事是…...的”句意：在新冠肺炎疫情期間在公共場所戴口罩對(duì)我們來說是有必要的。答案:AAlsuggestyouwritefourorfivewordsadayonpiecesofpaperandplacetheminyourroom.我建議你每天把四五個(gè)單詞寫在紙片上,并把它們放在你的房間里。(1)suggest[及物動(dòng)詞]建議;提議①suggest+that從句(從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,即謂語用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略)Isuggest(that)

we(should)holdameeting.我建議我們開個(gè)會(huì)。②suggeststh.建議某事Isuggestavisit.我提議去參觀。③suggestdoingsth.建議做某事Hesuggestedgoinghome.他建議回家。Ifthereisnot,whynotstartonewithyourfriends?如果沒有，為什么不與你的朋友們一起創(chuàng)辦一個(gè)呢？辨析：one與it—Mycomputerdoesn‘twork

well.我的電腦不太好用了?！猈hydon'tyoubuyanewone?為什么不買臺(tái)新的呢?Ihavearuler.Icanlendittoyou.我有一把尺子,可以把它借給你。one用于代替前面提到的同類人或物中的一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)為onesit用于指代前面提到的同一個(gè)人或物復(fù)數(shù)為they/them—Nick,llostmypenandIcouldn'tfind

anywhere.—Therearemanypensinthatbox.Justtake

.A.it;it B.it;one C.one;it D.one;one解析:我們可用“用法辨析法”解答此題。結(jié)合語境“尼克,我把鋼筆弄丟了,到處都找不到它”可知第一個(gè)空表示前面提到的那支鋼筆,應(yīng)用it;結(jié)合語境“那個(gè)盒子里有許多鋼筆,(從里面)拿一支就可以”可知第二個(gè)空表示前面提到的manypens中的一支,應(yīng)用one。答案:BBDon’tstoptocheckeveryword.不要停下來去查看每個(gè)單詞。辨析：stoptodosth.與stopdoingsth.Thedriverstoppedtogivemealift.這個(gè)司機(jī)停下來讓我搭車。Hestoppedcrying.他停止了大哭。stoptodosth.停下來去做某事指停下正在做的事而去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做某事指停止正在做的事Hefelttired,sohestopped

arestunderthetree.A.having B.have C.tohave解析：我們可用“用法辨析法”解答此題。stopdoingsth.意為“停止做某事”;stoptodosth.意為“停下來去做某事”。句意:他感到很累,所以停下來在樹下休息。答案:CCModule2MyhometownandmycountryModule2population人口population[可數(shù)名詞](某一地區(qū)的)人口,全體居民①形容人口多時(shí)用large/big,形容人口少時(shí)用small。Thepopulationofmyhometownisverylarge.我家鄉(xiāng)的人口很多。②表示“某地有多少人口”的句型：a.Thepopulationof+某地+is+數(shù)字.該句型中的population前用定冠詞the。b.某地+hasapopulationof+數(shù)字.

ThepopulationofAustraliaismorethantwenty-fivemillion.=Australiahas

apopulationofmorethantwenty-fivemillion.

澳大利亞有2500多萬人口。population人口population[可數(shù)名詞](某一地區(qū)的)人口,全體居民③詢問“某地有多少人口”的句型:a.What'sthepopulationof...?b.Howlargeisthepopulationof...?What'sthepopulationofNanning?=HowlargeisthepopulationofNanning?南寧的人口有多少?④population與分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)連用表示部分人口,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。Morethan60percentofthepopulationofthatcityis/areworkers.那個(gè)城市百分之六十以上的人口是工人。million[數(shù)詞]百萬①million與基數(shù)詞連用時(shí)表示確切的數(shù)目,million后不加-s,且不與of連用。Milanhasapopulationofabout1.4million.米蘭大約有140萬人。②millionsof數(shù)百萬的表示不確切的數(shù)目,前面不能再加基數(shù)詞。Millionsofpeopleallovertheworldcometovisitthetowneveryyear.每年都有數(shù)百萬世界各地的人來參觀這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。拓展：與million用法類似的詞還有hundred(百),thousand(千),billion(十億)。Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool.我們學(xué)校有兩千名學(xué)生。Therearethousandsofpeopleoverthere.在那邊有成千上萬的人。Basketballissoexcitingthat

peopleplayitforfun.A.million B.twomillions C.millionof D.millionsof解析：我們可用“語法分析法”解答此題。million意為“百萬”,前面有基數(shù)詞表示確切的數(shù)目時(shí),million后不加-s,也不與of連用,排除B項(xiàng);表示不確切的數(shù)目時(shí),應(yīng)用millionsof,故選D項(xiàng)。答案:DDSoit'sanewercitythanHongKong?這么說它是一個(gè)比香港還新的城市?than①[介詞]比than之前要用形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。Thistreeistallerthanthatone.這棵樹比那棵樹高。Sallyisquieterthanbefore.薩莉比以前更文靜了。②[連詞]引導(dǎo)表示比較關(guān)系的從句。JohnistallerthanIam.約翰比我高。Dreamsarepowerfulandtheycandriveyoutoworkharderandbecome

thanbefore.A.good B.well C.better D.best解析:我們可用“關(guān)鍵詞法”解答此題。becomegood“變好”,由句中than（比）可知應(yīng)用比較級(jí),good的比較級(jí)為better。答案:CCSomedayitwillbecomeasbusyasHongKong,I'msure.我相信,有一天它會(huì)變得和香港一樣繁華。as...as…和……一樣……是同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。兩個(gè)as中間用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí),第二個(gè)as后接被比較的對(duì)象。Myyoungersisterisastallasme.我妹妹和我一樣高。拓展notas/so...as...……不如……指前者不如后者。Tomdoesn'tsingas/sowellasLucy.湯姆不如露西唱得好?！狪sLarryas

asOliver?—No,heisn't.Larryisshorter.A.taller B.tall C.thetallest解析:我們可用“語法分析法”解答此題。由答語“No,heisn‘t.Larryisshorter.（不,不一樣。拉里更矮些）”可推知,此處表示同級(jí)比較,as…as中間應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。答案:BBItsstreetsaremuchwiderandcleanertoo.它的街道也更寬、更干凈。much[副詞]……得多用于比較級(jí)前,表示程度,以加強(qiáng)語氣。It'smuchhottertodaythanyesterday.今天比昨天熱得多。Thisstreetismuch

thanthatone.A.wide B.wider C.widest D.thewidest解析：我們可用“關(guān)鍵詞法”解答此題。由空格前的much和空格后的than(比)可知,此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式。wide的比較級(jí)是wider。BI'dliketogothereoneday.我想有一天去那里(看看)。(1)wouldlike想,想要wouldlike無人稱和數(shù)的變化,在語氣上比want更加委婉。變一般疑問句時(shí),要將would提到主語之前。Wouldyouliketorunwithmenow?現(xiàn)在你想和我一起跑步嗎?拓展wouldlike的常見搭配：wouldlikesth.想要某物I'dlikesometea.

我想喝點(diǎn)兒茶。wouldliketodosth.想要做某事We'dliketogotothebeach.我們想去海灘。wouldlikesb.todosth.想要某人做某事I'dlikeyoutogowithme.我想讓你和我一起去。注意①“Wouldyoulikesth.?”的肯定答語通常用“Yes,please.”;否定答語通常用“No,thanks.”。②"Wouldyouliketodosth.?”的肯定答語通常用“Yes,I'dlove/liketo.”;否定答語通常用“I'dlove/liketo,but..”,but后接句子,解釋不能去做某事的原因。—Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithme?—

.A.Yes,Ido B.That'sright C.Yes,please D.Yes,I’dliketo解析：我們可用“問答呼應(yīng)法”解答此題?！癢ouldyouliketodosth.?”的肯定答語為"Yes,I'dlike/loveto.”。答案:DDRemembertovisittheDiwangTower.記得去參觀一下地王大廈。辨析：remembertodosth.與rememberdoingsth.Iremembertomeethimattheairport.我記得要去機(jī)場接他。Irememberedmeetinghimattheairport.我記得去機(jī)場接的他。remembertodosth.記得去做某事（事情未做）rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（事情已做）Myhometownisespeciallyfamousforitsuniversity.我的家鄉(xiāng)尤其因它的大學(xué)而聞名。辨析：befamousfor與befamousasThisplaceisfamousforitsgreentea.這個(gè)地方因其綠茶而聞名。Heisfamousasawriter.他作為一名作家而聞名。befamousfor因……而聞名后接聞名的原因befamousas作為……而聞名后接表示職位、名稱、身份等的詞Myhometown,Kunming,isfamous

freshflowers.Nomatterwhenyouvisitit,theywillcatchyoureyes.A.as B.for C.of D.by解析:我們可用“句意分析法”解答此題。結(jié)合句意“我的家鄉(xiāng)昆明因鮮花而聞名,不管你什么時(shí)候去,它們都會(huì)吸引你的注意”可知應(yīng)用befamousfor。答案:BBTherearelotsofoldbuildingsandchurchestovisit.（這里）有許多古老的建筑和教堂可以參觀。動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語此處tovisit是動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語,修飾oldbuildingsandchurches。動(dòng)詞不定式常放在名詞或代詞之后,作后置定語。Shehaslotsofworktodointhemorning.早上她有許多工作要做。Ineedapentowritewith.我需要一支鋼筆寫字。—Ihavelesshomeworkthanbefore!—Me,too.Now,wehaveenoughtime

sports.A.do B.doing C.todo解析：我們可用“語法分析法”解答此題。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式短語作定語,修飾前面的名詞time。故選C。haveenoughtimetodosports意為“有足夠的時(shí)間做運(yùn)動(dòng)”。答案:CCStudentsandtouristsenjoytripsalongtheriverbyboat.學(xué)生和游客喜歡乘船沿河游覽。enjoy[及物動(dòng)詞]喜歡①enjoysth.喜歡某事Mysisterenjoysmusic.我姐姐喜歡音樂。②enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事Childrenenjoyplayingthegame.孩子們喜歡玩這個(gè)游戲。拓展enjoyoneself過得愉快,玩得開心相當(dāng)于haveagoodtime或havefun。We'reenjoyingourselvesverymuchinShanghainow.我們現(xiàn)在在上海玩得很開心。

用所給單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空Helenenjoys

(listen)tosoftmusicwhensheistired.解析：我們可用“固定搭配法”解答此題。enjoydoingsth.意為“喜歡做某事”,為固定搭配。故填listening。答案:listeninglisteningItisneververyhotinsummerorverycoldinwinter.（在英格蘭）夏天從不會(huì)很熱,冬天也不會(huì)很冷。or[連詞]①也不用于否定句中連接并列成分。Tomdoesn'teatbeeforfish.湯姆不吃牛肉,也不吃魚。②或者;還是用于肯定句或疑問句中表示選擇關(guān)系。Iusuallylistentomusicorwatchmoviesonweekends.我通常在周末聽音樂或看電影。Isyourfriendaboyoragirl?你的朋友是個(gè)男孩還是女孩?③否則用于祈使句或表達(dá)建議的句型之后引出相反的結(jié)果。Hurryup,orwe'llmissthetrain.快點(diǎn)兒,否則我們會(huì)錯(cuò)過火車。—I'mtheonlychildinmyfamily,Tom.—ldon'thavebrothers

sisters,either.A.and B.or C.but D.for解析:我們可用“語境分析法”解答此題。由前句句意“我是家里唯一的孩子，湯姆”可知,后句應(yīng)意為“我也沒有兄弟姐妹”此處在否定句中連接并列成分,應(yīng)用or。答案:BBModule3SportsModule3What'sthematterwithyou,Tony?你怎么了,托尼?What’sthematter?怎么了?

用來詢問某人或某物出了什么狀況或問題,后面可接with短語。What'sthematterwithAlice?艾麗斯怎么了?拓展詢問“(某人/某物)怎么了?”的句型還有：What'sup(with...)?What'swrong(with...)?What'sthetrouble(with...)?Whathappens(to...)?(—Hi,Bob.Youdon'tlookwell.What'sthematter

you?—ltalkedtoomuchanddidn'thaveanywaterlastnight.Ihaveasorethroatnow.A.in B.of C.with解析：我們可用“固定句式法”解答此題?！癢hat'sthematterwithsb.?”是固定句型,意為“某人怎么了?”,故選C。句意:“嗨,鮑勃。你看起來氣色不好。你怎么了?”“昨晚我說太多話而且沒有喝水?，F(xiàn)在我喉嚨痛?！贝鸢?CCNevermind.沒關(guān)系。nevermind不要緊;沒關(guān)系;別擔(dān)心用于安慰、鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方。—Wemissedthebus.我們沒有趕上公交車。—Nevermind.There'sanotheronein15minutes.沒關(guān)系,15分鐘之后還有另一輛?！猄orrytocutinonyouandFrank.—

We'rehavingafreetalk.A.Nevermind. B.Goahead. C.Ihopeso. D.Thatwouldbenice.解析:我們可用“語境分析法”解答此題。“Nevermind.”意為“沒關(guān)系”;“Goahead."意為“可以,干吧”;“Ihopeso.”意為“希望如此”;"Thatwouldbenice.”意為“那很好”。由上文句意“抱歉,打斷你和弗蘭克的談話了”和答語后句句意“我們只是閑聊”推知此處表示“沒關(guān)系”。答案:AAWeallarriveasearlyaswecansothatwehavetimetowarmup.我們都盡可能早到校,以便我們有時(shí)間熱身。(1)辨析:arrive,reach與get三者均有“到達(dá)”之意,表示到達(dá)某地時(shí),三者有如下區(qū)別：arrive不及物動(dòng)詞接at用于較小的地點(diǎn)名詞前,如村莊、家、學(xué)校、車站等接in用于較大的地點(diǎn)名詞前,如國家、城市等reach及物動(dòng)詞后直接跟地點(diǎn)名詞,為正式用語get不及物動(dòng)詞接to后再接地點(diǎn)名詞,為非正式用語Ourbuswillarriveatacityparkinafewminutes.我們的公共汽車幾分鐘后將到達(dá)一個(gè)城市公園。WearrivedinBeijingyesterday.我們昨天到達(dá)了北京。Howdowereachthezoo?我們?cè)趺吹竭_(dá)動(dòng)物園?Hegottotheparkbybus.他乘公共汽車到達(dá)了公園。注意arrive和get后接home,here,there等表示地點(diǎn)的副詞時(shí),不加介詞。Iarrivehomeatsixeveryday.我每天6點(diǎn)到家。Wegotthereonfoot.我們步行到達(dá)了那里。Whattimedidyouarriveattherailwaystationlastnight?(改為同義句)Whattimedidyou

therailwaystationlastnight?解析：我們可用“同義轉(zhuǎn)換法”解答此題。arriveat/in與getto同義，二者可進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換。答案:gettogetto(2)sothat①以便；為了引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,從句中通常用may(might)或can(could)。Ourheadmasterasksustowatchnewseverydaysothatwecanfindoutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.我們的校長要求我們每天看新聞,以便我們能知道世界上正在發(fā)生什么事情。Heworkedhardsothathecouldgetgoodgrades.他努力學(xué)習(xí),以便能取得好成績。②結(jié)果;因此引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,從句前可用逗號(hào)與主句分開。Itrainedheavily,sothatwehadtostayathome.雨下得很大,結(jié)果我們不得不待在家里。根據(jù)所給的漢語內(nèi)容,用英語完成句子。