廣州新版八下Unit-4Cartoons-and-comic-strips知識點1

#Unit4Cartoonsandcomicstrips知識點講解與拓展：character：n.人物、角色YueFeiisagreathistoricalcharacter.2.thinkof考慮、思考I'mthinkingofgoingtoParisforvacation.拓展：thinkof：想起、記起Ican'tthinkofhisname.thinkof：對有某種看法，常用于“Whatdoyouthinkof…”句型中Whatdoyouthinkofthebook？3.add…to…&addtoadd…to…把……加到……上Pleaseaddsomesalttothewater.addto添加，增添（歡樂、困難等抽象名詞）Doyouhaveanythingtoaddtothelist?recordv.錄音I'verecordedthewholeconcert.拓展：recordn.記錄settherecord創(chuàng)造記錄breaktherecord打破記錄holdtherecord保持記錄decideon決定、選定WhatmadeyoudecideonPlanA?basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的，基本的拓展：base—basis(n.)基礎(chǔ)一basic(adj.)基本的一basically(adv,)基本上Hereitis.以here和there開頭的句子，若后面的主語為人稱代詞，主謂不倒裝；若后面的主語為名詞，主謂倒裝。Hereyouare.給你。Herecomesthebus.公共汽車來了。forgetv.忘記forgettodo忘記要做某事（動作沒發(fā)生）Iforgettoturnoffthelight.forgetdoing忘記做過某事（動作已發(fā)生）Iforgetopeningthedoor.looklike看上去像Tomlookslikehisfather.拓展：提問長相：Whatdo/dosesb.looklike?提問性格：Whatissb.like?appearv.顯得，看來，似乎Awomansuddenlyappearedinthedoorway.拓展：appear(tobe)+adj./n.Sheappears(tobe)happyatthenews.appeartodosth.Youappeartotravelquitealot.alittle&abit1)兩者都可以作副詞用，用來修飾形容詞(原級或比較級)，或動詞。I'malittle/bithungry.2）用作形容詞做定語時，alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而abit后面加of再加不可數(shù)名詞。There'salittlewater.=There'sabitofwater.bereadytodosth.已完成某事，準(zhǔn)備好做某事Thecontractwillbereadytosignintwoweeks.拓展：be/getreadyforsth.為做好準(zhǔn)備Areyoureadyforyourteast?aswellas并且，還。用來連接并列成分。連接并列主語時，謂語動詞與前一主語保持一致。Sheiscleveraswellasbeautiful.howtodo疑問詞+todoIdon'tknowhowtodoit.拓展：whattodo做什么wheretogo去哪里whytodo為什么做Don't+動詞原形.否定祈使句，意為“不要，禁止”Don'tplayjokesonme,willyou?thesameas…和一樣Thetwinslookthesameaseachother.拓展：bedifferentfrom與……不同LondonwasdifferentfrommostEuropeancapitals.look連系動詞，意為“看起來，看上去”，厚街形容詞作表語。Alicelookshappytoday.拓展：連系動詞還有：：be（是），look（看起來），feel（摸上去），seem（似乎是），appear（似乎、顯得）,prove（證明是）,smell（聞起來）,taste（嘗起來）,sound（聽起來）等Letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事在let引導(dǎo)的祈使句中，sb可以是名詞，也可以說代詞的賓格。Lethimgo.let是使役動詞，常用的使役動詞還有：make,have，leave等。Theymademerepeatthestory.apairof+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)apairofshoeslookout=payattentionto當(dāng)心、注意Lookout！Thereisacarcoming！拓展：lookoutof…向外看Shestoppedwritingandlookedoutofthewindow.pickup撿起，拾起Shepickupaflowerontheroad.拓展：pickupsth.撿起某物，當(dāng)sth.是人稱代詞的賓格時，放在pick之后，如：pickitup。當(dāng)sth.是名詞時，可以放在pickup中間或up之后，如：pickthepenup=rouble在困境中He'sintrouble,let'shelphim.拓展：與trouble相關(guān)的短語：getintotrouble惹上麻煩havetrouble（in）doingsth.做某事有困難successn.成功Iwishyousuccesswithyourstudies.拓展：succeedv.成功。succeedindoingsth.successfuladj.成功的。Hisbusinessissuccessful.tellsbsth.告訴某人某事Hetoldmethereason.tellsb.todosth.告訴某人做某事Theteachertoldhimtocleantheclassroom.tellsb.nottodosth.告訴某人不做某事Hetoldusnottobuyclothesinthisstore.laughat嘲笑Don'tlaughathim,please.Whatdoyouyourhometown?Itisverybeautiful.Iloveitverymuch.A.lookatB.talkaboutC.thinkofD.thinkoverWhenIwasinthesupermarke,Iforgotmoneywithme.A.totakeB.totakingC.takingD.bringingCouldyougivemesomeadvice?Idon'tknow.Whydon'tyouwearthisredshirt?A.whentowearB.whattowearC.howtowearD.wheretowearMostofmyclassmatesdon'tliketotalktoteirparents,butIamthem.A.differentfromB.surprisedatC.thesameasD.proudofWhere'syourticket?Show,please.A.meitB.itmeC.metoitD.ittome--Tom,readbookswhileyouarewalkinginthestreet.It'sverydangerous.--OK,thankyouA.don'tB.doesn'tC.won'tD.can'tHeapieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.A.pickedupB.threwawayC.lookedforD.handedinI'tsureourfootballteamwillthismatch.We'rethebest.A.winB.failC.loseD.beatOurteacheroftentellsusintheriver.It'sdangerous.A.don'tswimB.notswimC.nottoswimD.notswimmingThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformationinashorttime.A.canbelearnedB.hasbeenlearnedC.canlearnD.haslearned語法——被動語態(tài)(2)一.概念：表示動作與主語之間是被動關(guān)系的句子是被動語態(tài)。二.主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換WeVisitedthatfactorylastsummerT主動語態(tài)主謂語賓語狀語ThatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummerT被動語態(tài)主語謂語賓語狀語三.各種不同時態(tài)的主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的對比時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(1)DotheyspeakFrench?IsFrenchspokenbythem?

am/is/are+P.P.（2）Theydon'tusetheroom.Theroomisn'tusedbythem.一般過去時（1）Thehunterkilledatiger.Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.was/were+p.p.（2）Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.Manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時（1）TheseworkersarebuildingaAnewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseam/is/are+beingnewbridge.workers.+p.p.（2）Heismendinghiscar.Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.過去進(jìn)行時（1）Hewassellingbooks.Bookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.was/were+being+（2）TheywerediscussingtheTheplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematp.p.planatthattime.thattime.現(xiàn)在完成時（1）ShehaslearnedmanyManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedhave/has+been+p.p.Englishwords.（2）Hehasfinishedthework.byher.Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.過去完成時（1）TheyhassolvedtheTheproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.had+been+blem.（2）Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.一般將來時（1）Ishallmakeaplan.Aplanwillbemadebyme.shall/willbe+p.p.（2）Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.過去將來時（1）HetoldmetheywouldpaintHetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedwouldbe+p.p.theroom.bythem.was/weregoingtobe+（2）TheyweregoingtoputonaAplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthep.p.playthenextweek.nextweek.情態(tài)動詞（1）WeshouldhandinourOurhomeworkshouldbehandedinbycan/may/must/homework.us.should（2）YoumustanswertheThequestionmustbeansweredin+be+p.p.questioninEnglish.Englishbyyou.四.如何正確使用被動語態(tài)1.有些動詞帶有兩個賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語，變被動語態(tài)時，可把其中一個賓語變成主語，另一個留在被動結(jié)構(gòu)謂語后面。需要注意的是：若把直接賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語，需要在間接賓語之間加上介詞“to”。eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.（主動語態(tài)）（被動語態(tài)）Weareoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim.Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.

（被動語態(tài)）▲常帶雙賓語的詞有：tell,show,lend,pass等。在主動語態(tài)中，某些動詞之后帶有復(fù)合賓語，即賓語和賓語補足語，這個復(fù)合賓語由動詞不定式來充當(dāng)，to被省略，但在被動語態(tài)中，這個to還要還原。eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.（主動語態(tài)）Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被動語態(tài)）▲有這種用法的常用動詞有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。有些“be+過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)并不是被動語態(tài)，它們可能是“系表結(jié)構(gòu)（即系動詞之后由過去分詞來充當(dāng)表語）?！保═hedoorisclosed.門是關(guān)著的。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）比較：1.^ThedoorisclosedbyFengping.這個門是由馮平來關(guān)的。（被動語態(tài)）（Theglassisbroken.這個玻璃杯是壞的。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）2.[TheglasswasbrokenbyMary.這個玻璃杯是瑪麗弄壞的。（被動語態(tài)）只有及物動詞和可有賓語的動詞+介詞詞組才可以有被動語態(tài)。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.（正確）GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina.（錯誤）Thedolphindisappearedinthedeepsea.（正確）Thedolphinwasdisappearedinthedeepsea.（錯誤）五、不能用被動語態(tài)的情況不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，如：appear，rise，die，happen，breakout，takeplac表狀態(tài)動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，looklike等某些動詞的進(jìn)行時可表示被動，如：Themeatiscooking.肉正在煮著。主動形式表示被動意義。1）某些感官動詞和系動詞接形容詞可以表示被動意義，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。eg：Herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.2）動名詞的主動形式表被動語態(tài)，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth等。Thebookisworthreading.這本書值得讀。Thechildrenneedlookingafter.孩子們需要照顧。3）某些做表語的形容詞后，用不定式主動形式表被動意義。Theconversationishardtounderstand.這個對話很難理解。Thefishisnoteasytofish.魚不容易上鉤。Thepassageisdifficulttoread.這段文章很難讀懂。1.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople'slifealotsinceit.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinventedThislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,well.A.sellsB.sellC.issoldD.aresoldThesportsmeetingnextmonth.A.willholdB.isgoingtoholdC.willbeheld—Excuseme.I'mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.—Sorry.Thebookyouaskforout.A.issellingB.issoldC.wassellingD.willbesoldAnnietotheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.A.invitesB.isinvitedC.wasinvitedD.hasinvitedManyhousesintheearthquakeofApril20,2013inYa'an.A.isdestroyedB.aredestroyedCwasdestroyedD.weredestroyedHanHan'sbooksarepopular.Theybymanyteenagers.A.isreadB.wasreadC.arereadD.werereadTeenagersallowedtodrive.A.shouldnotbeB.shouldbenotC.notshouldbe—Atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.—Morechancestostudentstolearnfromeachother.A.offerB.areofferedC.haveofferedD.areoffering—Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon'tknowhowlongitmay.—Fortwoweeks.A.keepB.beborrowedC.borrowD.bekeptManytreesonthestreetseveryyears.Sotheairisveryfreshnow.A.plantB.areplantedC.plantedD.wereplanted—Didn'tyouseethesign"NoParking!"ontheright?—Sorry,Ididn't.ButnowIknowparkinghere.A.wasn'tallowedB.isn'tallowedC.won'tallowD.doesn'tallowFromMay6,pedestria