山東省煙臺市海陽市2023年考研《英語一》押題密卷含解析_第1頁
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山東省煙臺市海陽市2023年考研《英語一》押題密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Jakewasbornhealthy,buthisparentsnoticedtherewassomethingwrongwhenhewas5.Jake1about20poundsinjustsixmonths.Hekeptputtingonweight2eatingonlysalad.In2015,JakewasdiagnosedwithROHHAD,a3conditionthataffectsthebrainandcausesrapidweightgain.Only75caseshaveeverbeenreported,and4ofthesufferersisknowntohavesurvivedtwentyyears.ButJakewantstofightforhis5.Althoughthereisnowaytofully6theweightgain,hedoeseverythinghecantoslowitdown,including7competingintriathlons(鐵人三項).Triathlonshelphimkeepfitandactive.It’sgoodforhis8andalsogiveshimachancetosocializewithotherkids.He9withtheMaltaYouthTriathlonAssociationthreetimesaweek.“Heisextremely10.Henevermissesatrainingsessionwithoutvalid11andisconstantlyeagertotrain,”Jake’strainersaid.“Jakeisverylovableandstealstheheartofallwhoknowhim.It’sheartbreakingtoseewhathehasto12.Ilookathisfamilywithamixtureof13—despitethehardshiptheytrytheirbesttoensurethatJakegetsas14alifeaspossible.”EverybodyismorethanhappytohelpJake,andthey15changeeventdatesandtrainingschedulesjusttomakeiteasierforhimto16.Heisalwaysverydetermined,butduetohiscondition,hecan’t17himselftopushhisheartratetoohigh.Jake’s18istomeettwofamousBritishTriathlonplayers,19duetohisdisease,hecannottravel.AfterJake’sstorywasmadepublic,someone20thathewoulddoeverythinghecouldtomaketheboy’sdreamareality.1、A.collected B.gained C.reduced D.recovered2、A.for B.beyond C.without D.despite3、A.rare B.poor C.difficult D.deadly4、A.each B.one C.none D.neither5、A.goal B.life C.career D.future6、A.influence B.reduce C.affect D.stop7、A.strongly B.faithfully C.regularly D.truly8、A.mind B.health C.heart D.growth9、A.trains B.plays C.works D.competes10、A.proud B.smart C.positive D.caring11、A.reason B.evidence C.result D.date12、A.seethrough B.getacross C.gothrough D.putdown13、A.expressions B.feelings C.tastes D.ideas14、A.impressive B.regretful C.crazy D.normal15、A.luckily B.gladly C.impatiently D.unwillingly16、A.join B.believe C.attend D.organize17、A.stop B.allow C.pretend D.protect18、A.dream B.task C.intention D.story19、A.but B.or C.and D.so20、A.warned B.explained C.predicted D.announcedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Chinabecamethefirstcountrytocloneamonkeyusingnon-reproductivecells,reducingtheneedtobreedlabmonkeysandpavingthewayformoreaccurate,effectiveandaffordableanimaltestsfornewdrugs,scientistssaidonThursday.ByDecember,theInstituteofNeuroscienceoftheChineseAcademyofScienceshadcreatedtwoclonemacaques(獼猴)named”ZhongZhong”and“HuaHua”bynucleartransferringofsomaticcells(體細胞)-anycellintheorganismotherthanreproductivecells.Tetra,amonkeybornin1999,istheworld'sfirstclonedmonkey,butitwasdonebyusingasimplermethodcalledembryosplitting(胚胎分割);butitcouldonlygeneratefourclonedoffspringatatimeandcannotbegeneticallychangedtosuittheexperimentalneed.Cloningamonkeyusingsomaticcellshasbeenaworld-classchallengebecauseitisaprimate(靈長類)thatsharesitsgeneticmakeup,andthereforeallofitscomplexity,withhumans.Fordrugandotherlabtests,scientistshavetopurchasemonkeysfromallovertheworld,whichiscostlyandbadfortheenvironment,andproducesinaccurateresultsbecauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.Bycloningmonkeyusingsomaticcells,wecanmassivelycultivatelargenumbersofgeneticallyidenticaloffspringinashortamountoftime,andwecanevenchangetheirgenestosuitourneeds.Thiscansavetime,cutdownexperimentcosts,andproducemoreaccurateresults,leadingtomoreeffectivemedicine.SunQiang,directorofthenon-humanprimateresearchfacilityattheinstitute,saidmostofthedrugtrialsarecurrentlydoneonlabmice.However,drugsthatworkonmicemightnotworkorevenhaveseveresideeffectsonhumansbecausethetwospeciesaresodifferent“Monkeysandhumansarebothprimates,sotheyaremuchcloselyrelatedandtestingonmonkeysissupposedtobeaseffectiveastestingonhumans,”hesaid.Thisisespeciallyusefulintestingdrugsforneural(神經(jīng)的)diseasessuchasParkinson’sdisease,metabolicsyndrome(代謝綜合癥)andimmunesystemdiseases,andtumors,headded.“ThisachievementwillhelpChinaleadtheworldresearchintheinternationalscienceprojectsrelatedtoneuralmappingofprimatebrains,"hesaid."However,biolabsfromtheUnitedStates,Japan,andEuropeancountriesarealsoverycapable,andtheywillquicklycatchupwithChinaafterthemonkeycloningtechnologyismadepublic,"Sunadded.“Thismeanswehavetoinnovatecontinuouslyandworkextrahardthisyeartostayahead,"hesaid.1、Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactorincloningmacaquesnamed"ZhongZhong"and"HuaHua"?A.Reproductivecells.B.SomaticcellsC.Neuralmapping.D.Geneticmakeup2、Whyiscloningmonkeyssodifficult?A.Becauseitisbadforourenvironment.B.Becauseeachmonkeymighthavedifferentgenes.C.Becausemonkeys'geneticmakeupisascomplicatedashumans.D.Becauseitistooexpensivetoworkontheirgeneticmakeup.3、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph8?A.Thecureforneuraldiseases.B.Theprocessofcloningmonkeys.C.Thesignificanceofcloningmonkeys.D.Thecloserelationsbetweenmonkeysandhumans.4、Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Moreeffectivemedicinewillbeproduced.B.Drugtrialsonlabmicewillbeabandoned.C.Chinaisthefirstcountrytohaveclonedmonkeys.D.Chinawillstayaheadoftheworldincloning.Text2Howtohelpyourselvesfacingthefrequentoccurrenceofcrowdedstampede(踩踏)duringtheholiday?Ifyouareinacrowd,afirstandmostessentialthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundings.Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.Makeyourselfawareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon,andknowthatinacrowdofmovingpeople,wetorunevengroundcanheslipperyordangerous,causingyoutofall.Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent,aspanicsituationscanoftenbepredicted.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference,givingyouthepossibilityoftakingadvantageofyourescapingroute.Alwaysstayclosertotheescaperoute.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd,donotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown,becauseyoucouldeasilygettrampled(被踩踏).Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd;takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenuptomovesideways.Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest,likeaboxer—itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.Ifyoufall,getupquickly.Ifyoucan’tgetupbecauseyouareinjured,getsomeonetopullyoubackup.Ifyouhavekids,liftthemup.Ifyoufallandcannotgetup,keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlupintothefetal(胎兒的)position(donotlayonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs).Theworstsituationistobepushedbythecrowdagainstanimmovableobject.Trytostayawayfromwalls,fencesorbarricades,asthecrowdpressurecanbuilduprapidly.1、Whatisthefirstimportantwhenyouareinacrowd?A.Protectyourbreast.B.Calltheambulancequickly.C.Presswiththecrowdtightly.D.Befamiliarwithyoursurroundingsquickly.2、Whatshouldyoudoifyoufallandcannotgetupinacrowd?A.Shoutatthecrowdloudly.B.Waitforsomeonetosaveyou.C.Coveryourheadwithyourarms.D.Layonthegroundwithoutmoving.3、Whatshouldyoudoifyoufindyourselfpressedinthemiddleofthecrowd?A.Cryforhelpandfightagainstthepressure.B.Movetowardsthesamedirectionofthecrowd.C.Keepstillandwaitforthecrowdtoleaveslowly.D.Keepbendingdownwithahandaroundyourhead.4、Whoisthesuitablereaderaboutthepassage?A.Thepeopleofallages. B.Thechildren.C.Theparents. D.Theteachers.Text3It’scoldanddarkoutside,andyourbedissowarmandcomfortable.Goingforarunseemslikesuchabadidea.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoes,itmightbeworthgivingthatcrazyideaago.AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPost,anoutdoorruninwinter,asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步機),burnsmorecaloriesbecausethebodyisworkinghardtoregulate(調節(jié))itscoretemperature.Furthermore,researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures—andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.Similarly,coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody,makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbuildupeveryday.Theheatandhumidityinthesummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster,butcoldweatherisrefreshing.Itadjustsyoutoyoursurroundings,makingyoufeelalive.Ofcourse,thethreatofsmoginsomebuilt-upareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercise.Heartattacks,stroke,lungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thecombinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotentialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunoutsideonsmoggydays,takeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust(尾氣),andgoearlyinthemorning,beforerushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.1、Howdoescoldweatherbenefitrunners,comparedwithwarmweather?A.Theycanrunmoreslowly.B.Theycantakeinmorecalories.C.Theirheartscanfunctionharder.D.Theirbodytemperaturecangetlower.2、Howdoessummeraffectrunners?A.Itbuildsuptheirenergyquickly.B.Itmakesrunnerstiredeasily.C.Itlessensrunners’stress.D.Itcausesheartattack.3、Whataretherunnerssupposedtodoonsmoggydays?A.Stopdrivingcars.B.Domoreexercise.C.Avoidoutdoorexercise.D.Runlateinthemorning.4、Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.RefreshwithaWinterRunB.TakeOutdoorExerciseinSummerC.GotoRuninaParkD.FollowtheTipstoReduceStressText4It’snotunusualtoseeanunreasonablechildlyingonthegrounddrumminghisheels.Besidehimisadesperatemotheryellingatthetopofherlungs.Raisingawell-behavedkidisreallyahead-scratchingthing.Ifyoutookalltheparentingstylesaroundtheworldandrankedthembytheirgentleness,theInuit(因紐特人)approachwouldcertainlyranknearthetop.Allthemomsmentiononegoldenrole:Don’tshoutoryellatsmallchildren.Inuit’sno-yellingpolicyistheircentralcomponenttoraisingcool-headedkids.Thecultureviewsscolding,orevenspeakingtochildreninallangryvoice,asinappropriate,althoughlittlekidsarepushingparents'buttons.Playful“storytelling”isanothertricktosculptingkids’behavior.Butthisstorytellingdiffershugelyfromthosefairytalesfullofmorallessons.Parents“retell”whathappenedwhenaboythrewatantrum(發(fā)脾氣)bywayofwhatShakespearewouldunderstandalltoowell:puttingona“drama”.Afterthechildhascalmeddown,theparentswillreviewwhathappenedwhenthechildmisbehaved,usuallystartingwithaquestion:“Canyoushowushowtothrowatantrum?”Thenthechildhastothinkwhatheshoulddo.Ifhetakesthebaitandperformstheaction,themomwillaskafollow-upquestionwithaplayfultone.Forexample:“Doesthatseemright?”or“Areyouababy?”Sheisgettingacrosstheideathat“bigboys”won’tthrowatantrum.Kids’brainsarestilldevelopingthecircuitryneededforself-contro1.Whatyoudoinresponsetoyourchildren’semotionsshapestheirbrains.Sonexttime,seeingyourboymisbehave,tryusingtheInuit’sstorytellingapproach.Anddon’tforgettokeepcoo1.Afterall,boyswillbeboys.1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“pushingparents’buttons”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Talkingwithparents. B.Playingwithparents’buttons.C.Exposingparents’faults. D.Makingparentsannoyed.2、WhatdoweknowaboutInuit’s“storytelling”?A.Itaimsatplayingatrickonkids. B.Itraiseskids’awarenessofmorality.C.Itcomesafterachildmisbehaves. D.ItanalyzesShakespeare’sdramas.3、What’stheauthor’sattitudetochildren’smisbehavior?A.Cautious. B.Tolerant.C.Uncaring. D.Skeptical.4、What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Inuit’sapproachtoparenting.B.Valuesofreadingliteraryworks.C.Causesofchildren’smisbehavior.D.Parents’responsesto“storytelling”.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OneofMexico’straditionsiscalledthequinceera(成人禮),1.means“fifteen-year—old”Itiswhenayounggirlturns15andshehasabigpartytocelebrateIn16th—centurySpain,thegirlwouldwearawhitedress;2.,girlsnowweardressesofanycolourFindingtherightdressforyourquinceeraisabigdealandalotoftimeisputinto3.(find)therightoneThepartycostsalotofmoneyThefirststopisforthe4.(religion)ceremonyatthechurchThenat5.birthdayparty,there’smusic,danceandlotsoffoodFamilyandfriends6.(invite)toenjoythespecialdayThefatherdanceswith7.(he)daughterandthereisamoremodemdancebythebirthdaygirlThequinceeralookslikegreatfunIt’StotallydifferentfromhowI8.(celebrate)my15thbirthdaythreeyearsagoTheage15hassomuch9.(much)significanceinMexicothaninEnglandMexicanculture10.(real)interestsmeThereissomuchmoretolearnabout,andIwouldliketovisitsomedaytoexperienceitinpersonandpractisemySpanishonthelocals!ThereareallkindsoffestivalsthroughouttheworldFestivalsareheld1.(satisfy)andpleasetheancestors,tohonoursomefamouspeopleorimportant2.(event),andtoexpresspeople'sgratitudetotheGodforbringingthemayearofplentyForexample,inIndia,October2is3.nationalfestivaltohonourMahandasGandhi,theleader4.helpedgainIndia’s5.(independent)fromBritain6.(traditional),inChinatheSpringFestival,which7.(celebrate)inJanuaryorFebruary,isthemost8.(energy)andimportantbecauseitisafestivalthatlooksforward9.thecomingofspringWhyareallthesefestivalseverywhere?Becauseduringthefestivals,peoplecangettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother,10.(forget)allthedailystruggleanddemandsforawhileSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HowToKnowYou’reAtTheRightJobFormorethan40hoursaweek,youshowuptothesamebuildingandinteractwiththesamepeople.Wecallthisworkevenifitdoesnotalwaysfeellikeit.Wespendsomuchtimeatworkthatitisquiteimportanttoenjoythetimewehavethere.1、Sometimesyoujustcan’ttellifitisforyouornot.Herearesomesignsthatwhatyouaredoingisworkingandisapositivesituation.NoCoffeeNecessary2、Ifyoufeellikeyoudon’tneedcoffeetogetyougoinginthemorning,itsignifiesthatyourelyonnaturalenergyandofficeexcitementtogetyouthroughtheday.TimePassesByItfeelslikeyouhaveonlybeenthereforanhour,butyoulookattheclockandseeit’salmosttimetogohome.That’snottosayyoufeelthedayslippingawayfromyou,butthatyourproductivityhastoppedyourdesiretogohome.3、4、It’scliche(陳詞爛調)to“stepoutofyourcomfortzone,”butdoesnotmeanthatyoushouldstayconservative.Ifyoufeellikeyoucanpushyourselftotestyourabilities,youarelikelyinagreatenvironmentforyourself.EveryoneHatesYouOnMondaysNobodylikesMondays….exceptforyou.5、Theymayhateyouforit,butitonlymeansthatyoulovecomingtowork.A.Noteveryoneisluckyenoughtolovetheirjob.B.GettingclearaboutwhatyouexpectfromworkC.Whileeveryoneisdeepintheirfourthcupofcoffee,youhavealltheenergyintheworld.D.MostpeoplebegintheirworkdaywithafreshcupofJoe.E.Thelongerwework,themoreweloveit.F.TakingRisksAndChallengingYourselfG.Astheysay,“timeflieswhenyou’rehavingfun.”WhatIsEmotionalEating?Emotionaleatingiswhenpeopleusefoodasawaytodealwithfeelingsinsteadofsatisfyinghunger.1、Haveyoueverfinishedawholebagofchipsoutofboredomordownedcookieaftercookiewhilepreparingforabigtest?Butwhendonealot—especiallywithoutrealizingit—emotionaleatingcanaffectweight,health,andoverallwell-being.Notmanyofusmaketheconnectionbetweeneatingandourfeelings.2、Oneofthebiggestmythsaboutemotionaleatingisthatit’scausedbynegativefeelings.Yes,peopleoftenturntofoodwhenthey’restressedout,lonely,sad,anxious,orbored.But

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