新教材外研版必修第一冊Unit1 A new start學(xué)案講義知識點(diǎn)匯總及配套習(xí)題

Unit1Anewstart1、Startingout&Understandingideas -1-2、Usinglanguage -19-3、Developingideas -27-1、Startingout&UnderstandingideasGoingtoanewschoolcanfeellikestartingalloveragain.Youmayfeelsadorangryaboutleavingyouroldschoolorfriends.Youmayfeelexcitedaboutanewbeginningora“freshstart”.Youmayfeelnervousabouthavingtomeetnewpeople.Allofthesefeelingsarenormalwhenyoustartatanewschool.Mostkidsworryaboutfittinginattheirnewschool.It’scommonforanewkidtofeellikeanoutsiderforthefirstfewweeks.Althoughyoucanbelonely,youcanhelpyourselffitinbybeingfriendly.Evenifyouarenervous,trytosmile,sayhelloandaskquestions.Herearetwoplaceswhereyoumightmeetfriendsinanewschool:●Theclassroom:Lookaroundyou.Isthereanyonewhoyoucantalkto?Doyoutakepartingroupactivitiesinclass?Ifso,trytojoinanewgroupeverytime.●Playground:Mostschoolsoffermanyteamsports.Trytojoininthesesports.Somekidsworryabouttheirteacherswhentheystartanewschool.Eveniftheteachersaresupportive,itcantakesometimetoadjusttonewrulesorwaysofteaching.Trytalkingtothemaboutyourproblems.Besides,withafamiliarfaceinthefrontofyourclassroomyoumayfeelmorecomfortableduringthefirstfewweeksofschool.[詞海拾貝]1.normal adj.正常的2.outsider n.局外人3.supportive adj.給予幫助的4.adjust vi.適應(yīng)[我學(xué)我思]1.fitin 適應(yīng)2.takepartin 參加3.adjustto 適應(yīng)4.Whatwillyoudowhenyouarefacingdifficultiesinhighschool?Iwillbebravetofacechallengesandaskmyfriendsormyparentstohelpme.

Ⅰ.必備單詞:根據(jù)提示填寫單詞1.studyhardatseniorhigh 在高中努力學(xué)習(xí)2.abeautifulcampus 一個(gè)美麗的校園3.cookingfacility 烹飪設(shè)備4.anembarrassingmoment 一個(gè)令人尷尬的時(shí)刻5.awonderfulcitytoexplore 一個(gè)值得探索的美妙城市6.anewkindofsearchengine 一種新的搜索引擎7.intheinsectworld 在昆蟲的世界里8.acollectionofstamps 一套郵票集9.thepanicinyourheart 你心中的恐慌10.takeupthischallenge 接受這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)11.putyouunderpressure 給你壓力12.keepcalm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜13.becuriousabouttheworld對這個(gè)世界感到好奇→exploretheworldwithcuriosity(n.)帶著好奇心探索世界14.yourfirstimpression你的第一印象→animpressive(adj.)building一棟壯觀的建筑15.followatradition遵循傳統(tǒng)→traditional(adj.)dress傳統(tǒng)服裝16.theireagernesstowork他們對工作的渴望→eager(adj.)forparents’approval渴望父母的贊許17.organiseameeting組織開會→alargeinternationalorganization(n.)一個(gè)大型國際組織18.breathedeeplyandheavily深深地、沉重地呼吸→outofbreath(n.)上氣不接下氣19.thedescriptionoftheaccident對事故的描述→describe(v.)theaccident描述事故20.feelconfidentaboutthefuture對未來有信心→restoreconsumerconfidence(n.)恢復(fù)消費(fèi)者信心Ⅱ.必備短語:英漢雙譯1.inpanic 驚慌地

2.put...underpressure 把……置于壓力之下

3.dependon 依賴,依靠

4.makethemostof 充分利用

5.makeagoodimpression 留下好印象

6.overandoveragain 一再地7.wakeup 睡醒8.gettoknow 逐漸熟悉9.onebyone 依次地,一個(gè)接一個(gè)地10.butterfliesinone’sstomach 情緒緊張,心里發(fā)慌Ⅲ.必備句式:翻譯課文原句,并觀察黑體部分1.IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.譯文:我正在看布告欄上的照片,這時(shí)我聽到身后傳來一個(gè)聲音。2.Howtruethesewordswere!譯文:這些話語多么正確啊!3.Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Ibreatheddeeply.譯文:由于我心里七上八下、緊張萬分,我深呼吸了一口氣。4.AlthoughIwasembarrassed,hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed.譯文:雖然我很尷尬,但他的話讓我輕松多了!1.名詞后綴-sion,例如:impress+-sion→impression印象admit→admission錄取confuse→confusion混亂;困惑discuss→discussion討論expand→expansion擴(kuò)張2.“介詞+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語,在句中作狀語或表語insurprise吃驚地ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)withjoy高興地 onsale出售Task1框架宏觀建構(gòu):整體理解1.Skimthepassageandfillintheblanks2.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?Thepassageismainlyaboutafreshman’sfirstdayatseniorhigh,whichexactlytellsofhisexperienceandthoughts.

Task2文本微觀剖析:細(xì)節(jié)探究

1.Choosethebestanswer.(1)WhydidMengHaosay“thecampuswasstillquiet”?A.Becausenoonewasallowedtotalkinthecampus.B.BecauseMengHaoarrivedatschooltooearly.C.BecauseMengHaodarednotspeak.D.Becausethestudentswereinclass.(2)Thesentence“Itriedtoturnonmybrainbuttheenginejustwouldn’tstart.”inParagraph5probablymeansthat______.

A.therewassomethingwrongwithmybrainB.theenginebrokedownandneededrepairingC.IwastoonervoustothinkabouthowtointroducemyselfD.theenginewassooldthatitwasimpossibletostartitagain(3)Accordingtothetext,MengHao’sfavoritehobbyis______.

A.takingphotosB.insectcollectionC.makingposters D.makingaspeech(4)WhydidthegirlnexttoMengHaogivehimanudge?A.Shewantedtoremindhim.B.Shewantedtotalkwithhim.C.Shewantedtoaskaquestion.D.Shewantedtoborrowsomething.(5)Thewriterusesthephrase“withbutterfliesinmystomach”inordertotellus______.

A.hefeltsick B.hefeltangryC.hefelthappy D.hefeltnervous(6)WhydidstudentslaughwhenMengHaointroducedhimself?A.Hiswordswerehumorous.B.Hemadeastupidmistake.C.Hehasthesamenameashisteacher.D.Hewastoonervoustosayawordtothewholeclass.答案:(1)～(6)BCBADC2.Longsentenceanalysis.(1)ThecampuswasstillquietwhenIarrived,soIdecidedtoexploreabit.分析:本句是由so連接的并列句。在前一個(gè)分句中含有一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。譯文:當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)校園仍然很安靜,于是我決定到四處去探索一番。(2)WhenmyEnglishteachersteppedintotheclassroom,IwassurprisedtoseethesamemanIhadmetearlier.分析:本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句;Ihadmetearlier是省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語從句,其先行詞為thesameman。譯文:當(dāng)我的英語老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí),我驚訝地看到他和我先前遇到的是同一個(gè)人。Task3語篇總結(jié)歸納:主題深化MengHaowasaSeniorⅠstudent.Beforethenewtermstarted,he1.hadpictured(picture)theseniorlifemanytimesinhismind.Onthefirstday,hewokeup2.earlier(early)thanusualandrushedtothenewschoolinhis3.eagerness(eager).Incampus,MengHaowaslookingatthenoticeboard4.whenanoldermanapproachedandtalkedtohim.Andlaterhewas5.surprised(surprise)tofindtheoldermanwashisEnglishteacher.InthefirstEnglishclass,theteacheraskedthemtointroduce6.themselves(them)totheclass.Beforethestudents’doingthis,theteacherintroducedhimselffirst.MengHaowastoonervous7.tonotice(notice)this.Whenhebegantointroducehisname,everyonestarted8.laughing(laugh)becausehehad9.thesamenamewithhisteacher.MrMengtoldthemitwasn’teasytodothatandalsoencouragedthemtokeepcalmbefore10.challenges(challenge)andbepreparedforthem.MengHaofeltmoreconfidentabouthisfuture.

Task4閱讀思維升華:主題實(shí)踐1.Whatareyougoingtodoonthefirstdayofthenewsemester?(CreativeThinking創(chuàng)造性思維)Firstly,IwilltrytogotoschoolearlysothatIcangetfamiliarwiththenewsurroundings.Secondly,IwillbereadytohelpotherstudentsbecauseIwanttomakenewfriends.Thirdly,Iwillwearmyfavouriteclothes.Thatway,Imaylookniceandneatandmakeagoodimpressiononmynewteachersandclassmates.

2.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddowhenwearefacedwithchallenges?(CriticalThinking批判性思維)Whenwearefacedwithchallenges,weshouldn’tbenervous.Instead,weshouldkeepcalmandbepreparedtofindtheeffectivewaystosolveourproblems.

學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)1.curiousadj.好奇的(2019·天津高考)Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.機(jī)遇總是眷顧那些有好奇心的人。【詞塊積累】(1)becuriousabout對……感到好奇becurioustodosth. 渴望做某事;急于做某事(2)curiously adv.好奇地;奇妙地(3)curiosity n.好奇心outofcuriosity 出于好奇withcuriosity 好奇地satisfyone’scuriosity 滿足某人的好奇心①Itischildren’snaturetobecuriousaboutthepeopleandthingsaroundthem.

對周圍的人和事物感興趣是孩子們的天性。②Iwascurioustofindoutwhatshehadsaid.

我真想弄清楚她說了些什么。③Outofcuriosity,westoppedandgotoutofthecartolook.在好奇心的驅(qū)使下,我們把車停在路邊,下車想看個(gè)究竟。

【熟詞生義】It’scuriousthatsheleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.她不辭而別,挺奇怪的。 (adj.稀奇古怪的)2.impressionn.印象,感想(教材原句)Whatwasyourfirstimpressionofyournewschool?你對你的新學(xué)校的第一印象怎么樣?【詞塊積累】(1)leave/have/makea(n)...impressiononsb. 給某人留下……的印象(2)impress vt.使……印象深刻;使……銘記impresssb.withsth. 某事給某人留下印象beimpressedby/with... 對……印象深刻impress...on/uponsb./sth. 使銘記……(3)impressive adj.令人欽佩的,給人深刻印象的①Hewastryingtoleaveadeeperimpressiononthenewfriend.他試圖給這位新朋友留下更深刻的印象。

②Onarrivingattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereimpressedby/withtheuniqueteapotsandteacups.

一到茶館,外國學(xué)生就被這些獨(dú)特的茶壺和茶杯吸引。③Hisparentstrytoimpressonhimthatitisveryimportanttobehonest.

他的父母試圖讓他銘記誠實(shí)很重要。④Heimpressedherwithhissincerity.

他的真誠打動了她?！臼煸~生義】*Ifyouareunabletosign,pleaseimpressyourleftthumbprint.如果你不能簽署,請印下左拇指指紋。(vt.壓印)【巧學(xué)助記】impression一句“留印象”Hangzhouisreallyanimpressiveplace.ThefamousWestLakealwaysleavesadeepimpressiononthevisitors.Iwasdeeplyimpressedby/withitsbeautythefirsttimeIsawit.杭州真是一個(gè)令人印象深刻的地方。著名的西湖總是給游客留下深刻的印象。我第一次看到它時(shí),它的美麗就給我留下了深刻的印象。3.breathev.呼吸(教材原句)Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Ibreatheddeeply.我心里七上八下、緊張萬分,所以我深呼吸了一口氣。【詞塊積累】(1)breathein/out吸/呼氣(2)breath n.呼吸holdone’sbreath 屏住呼吸takeadeepbreath 深呼吸loseone’sbreath 喘不過氣來outofbreath 氣喘吁吁地,上氣不接下氣地①Iopenedthewindowtobreatheinsomefreshair.

我打開窗戶呼吸一些新鮮空氣。②WhenIhurriedtoschool,Iwasalmostoutofbreath.

當(dāng)我匆忙趕到學(xué)校時(shí)幾乎是上氣不接下氣了。③Seeingthis,everyonepresentheldtheirbreath.

看到這里,在場的每個(gè)人都屏住了呼吸。④Jacktookadeepbreathandthendivedintothewater.

杰克深吸了一口氣,然后跳入水中。4.panicn.驚恐,驚慌(教材原句)Everyonestartedlaughing.Ilookedattheminpanic.大家一下子哄笑起來,我驚慌失措地盯著他們?！驹~塊積累】(1)inpanic驚慌地getintoapanic 陷入恐慌(2)panicvt.(panicked;panicked;panicking) (使)恐慌;(使)驚慌失措panicsb.intodoingsth. 使某人驚慌失措地做某事①Shegotintoarealpanicwhenshethoughtshe’dlosttickets.當(dāng)她想到自己把票弄丟了時(shí),她陷入了恐慌中。

②Thewarpanickedmanypeopleintoescapingfromtheirhometown.

這場戰(zhàn)爭使得很多人驚慌失措地逃離了家園?！驹~源趣談】希臘神話中有一個(gè)叫潘(Pan)的牧羊神。潘有一種奇特的本領(lǐng),就是嚇唬人。他常常躲在隱蔽處,驀地跳出,用丑陋的面目把旅行者嚇得魂不附體。他還會發(fā)出怪異的叫聲,令人毛骨悚然,膽戰(zhàn)心驚。這種恐懼感就被稱為“潘神之懼”(Panicfear)。*Ifyourmindgoesblank,trynottopanic.

如果你大腦一片空白,盡量不要驚慌。(不可直譯為brainisblank)5.challengen.挑戰(zhàn)vt.挑戰(zhàn);向……挑戰(zhàn)(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.寫一首詩,講述勇氣、決心和力量是如何幫助你面對生活中的各種挑戰(zhàn)?！驹~塊積累】(1)faceachallenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)meetthechallengeof... 迎接……的挑戰(zhàn)accept/takeupachallenge 接受挑戰(zhàn)(2)challengesb.todosth. (尤指在對方不情愿時(shí))強(qiáng)烈建議某人做某事(3)challenging adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的①Hechallengedmetoplayanothertennisgame.

他向我挑戰(zhàn)要我跟他再打一場網(wǎng)球比賽。②Let’sworktogethertomeetthechallengeoftomorrow.讓我們共同工作,迎接明天的挑戰(zhàn)。

③Herefusedtotakeup/acceptthechallengethatwasoffered.他拒絕接受別人向他提出的挑戰(zhàn)。

6.calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的,沉著的(教材原句)Keepcalmandbeprepared.大家要時(shí)刻保持冷靜,做好準(zhǔn)備?！驹~塊積累】(1)stay/keep/remaincalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜(2)calmly adv.平靜地(3)calm v.(使)平靜;(使)鎮(zhèn)定calm(sb.)down (使某人)平靜下來;鎮(zhèn)靜下來①Theydidwhattheycouldtocalmher.

他們盡力使她平靜下來。②Whatevermayhappen,youmustkeepcalm.

不論發(fā)生什么事,你都必須保持冷靜。③Thepolicefoundthatitwasdifficulttocalmdowntheangrycrowd.警方發(fā)現(xiàn)很難使憤怒的人群平靜下來。

④Hespokecalmly,buteverysentencecarriedweight.

他說話沉著,但每句話都有份量?！疽谆毂嫖觥坎灰粯拥摹办o”calm風(fēng)平浪靜的;指人時(shí)表示鎮(zhèn)定自如quiet“寧靜的、安靜的、寂靜的”,側(cè)重沒有響聲,沒有噪音和沒有動靜;指人時(shí)側(cè)重性格溫和、文靜silent“沉默的、不說話的”,常表示人不愛說話,沉默無語still“不動的”,指人時(shí)側(cè)重一動不動;指物時(shí)表示完全沒有聲音,突出靜止不動7.dependon依靠,依賴,根據(jù),指望(教材原句)Butitalldependsonwhatyoudo.但是一切都取決于你的努力?！驹~塊積累】(1)dependon/uponsb.for/todosth.指望某人(做)某事dependonitthat... 依靠/指望……It/That(all)depends. (口語)那得看情況而定(2)dependent adj.依賴的,依靠的bedependenton/uponsth. 取決于某物①Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.

萬物生長靠太陽。②CanIdependonitthatthiswon’ttakeplaceagain.

我能相信這事不會再發(fā)生嗎?③It’sacomforttoknowthatIcanalwaysdependonyouforhelp.

令人寬慰的是我能經(jīng)常依靠你的幫助。④Thecompanyisdependentongovernmentfinancialhelp.這家公司依靠政府的財(cái)政援助。

【知識延伸】模糊代指的“it”在考查過程中,通常會遇到it指代不明確的情況,這時(shí)稱其為“模糊代指”,常見的情況有:(1)在表示人的“感情色彩”或“褒貶”含義的動詞后,通常要先加it,再接if或when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,常見的這類詞有:love,like,hate,enjoy,appreciate等。*Hewouldappreciateitifyoucoulddohimafavor.如果你能幫他一個(gè)忙的話他會非常感激的。*Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.我討厭人滿嘴是飯的時(shí)候說話。(2)部分“動詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的動詞短語后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí),因?yàn)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句不作介詞的賓語,通常先加it,再接that賓語從句,這類常見的短語有:answerfor(負(fù)責(zé)),seeto(確保),insiston(堅(jiān)持),counton(指望),relyon/dependon(依靠,依賴)等。*I’llseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.我將確保每一件事情都會及時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好的。*Heinsistedonitthatwesetoffbeforenoon.他堅(jiān)持我們在中午之前出發(fā)。(3)動詞have(說),take(猜想),hide(隱瞞)后接that賓語從句時(shí),先加it再加that從句。Thenewspaperhasitthatthepresidentwillresign.報(bào)紙上說總統(tǒng)將要辭職。8.IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme.我正看著布告欄里的照片,這時(shí)我聽到身后傳來一個(gè)聲音。

【句式解構(gòu)】此句為“sb.wasdoingsth.when...”句型,表示“某人正在做某事,這時(shí)(突然)……”,其中when表示“這時(shí)/那時(shí)(突然)”,為并列連詞,連接兩個(gè)并列分句。且when可與suddenly連用以加強(qiáng)語氣,此時(shí)不能用while替換。①IwasthinkingaboutthematterwhenIheardmynamecalled.

我正想著這件事,突然聽到有人叫我的名字。②Wewereabouttostart/wereonthepointofleavingwhenitbegantorain.

我們剛要出發(fā),天就開始下雨了。③Ihadjustfinishedmyexampaperwhenthebellrang.

我剛做完試卷,這時(shí)鈴聲就響了。when作并列連詞時(shí)還常用于以下句型:beabouttodo...when正要做……這時(shí)……beonthepointofdoing...when 正要做……這時(shí)……h(huán)adjustdone...when... 剛做完……這時(shí)……9.Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Ibreatheddeeply.

我心里七上八下、緊張萬分,所以我深呼吸了一口氣?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】該句為簡單句,句中with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作原因狀語。另外,with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)還可用作定語。①(2019·北京高考)It’snotjustaride;you’renotjustsittingthereinawkwardsilenceorwithyourheadphoneson.

這不僅僅是一段旅程,你也不僅僅只是在尷尬的沉默中或戴著耳機(jī)坐在那里。②Thelittleboylookssad,withsomuchhomeworktodo.

有太多作業(yè)要做,這個(gè)小男孩看上去不開心。③Themanfeltveryhappywithsomanychildrensittingaroundhim.

有這么多的孩子坐在他周圍,這個(gè)男子感到很高興。④Withhishomeworkfinished,Peterwentouttoplay.

完成了作業(yè),彼得出去玩了。透視with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)①with+名詞/代詞+prep.短語(表示某種方式)②with+名詞/代詞+adj./adv.(表示某種狀態(tài))③with+名詞/代詞+todo(表示將要發(fā)生的動作)④with+名詞/代詞+doing(表示正在發(fā)生的動作或主動的動作)⑤with+名詞/代詞+done(表示已經(jīng)完成的動作或被動的動作)【要點(diǎn)拾遺】1.momentn.某一時(shí)刻(2020·天津高考)Howeveryoustart,rememberthereisnobettertimetostartthanrightnow,foryou’llneverbemorealivethanyouareatthismoment.無論你如何開始,記住,沒有比現(xiàn)在更好的開始時(shí)間,因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)不會比此刻更有活力?！驹~塊積累】atthemoment 目前,現(xiàn)在forthemoment 目前,暫時(shí)foramoment 片刻,一會兒inamoment 立刻,馬上atanymoment 在任何時(shí)候,隨時(shí)①It’snotaverygoodtimetosellatthemoment.

現(xiàn)在出售時(shí)機(jī)不太好。②Ireallymustbegettinghomeinamoment.

我真的必須立即回家。③Armedconflictmaybreakoutatanymoment.

武裝沖突有一觸即發(fā)之勢。先行詞moment表示“時(shí)刻”時(shí),定語從句中如缺少時(shí)間狀語,關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)用when。*IoftenthinkofthemomentwhenIsawtheUFO.我常常想起我看見不明飛行物的那一刻。2.explorev.考察,探險(xiǎn)(教材原句)ThecampuswasstillquietwhenIarrived,soIdecidedtoexploreabit.當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí),校園仍然很安靜,于是我決定到四處去探索一番。【導(dǎo)圖理詞】①IjustwantedtoexploreParis,readSartreandlistentoSidneyBechet.

我就想逛逛巴黎,讀讀薩特的作品,聽聽西德尼·貝謝的音樂。②HisexplorationofthemythbringsinsightintotheAmericanpsyche.

他對這個(gè)神話的探索使我們對美國人的心理有了更深入的了解?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】形式多變的“探索”Theexplorerisexploringtheunknowncaveandwehopehisexplorationwillbesuccessful.那位探險(xiǎn)者正在探索那個(gè)未知的洞穴,我們希望他的探索能夠成功。3.onebyone依次地,一個(gè)接一個(gè)地(教材原句)Beforewestart,pleasecometothefrontonebyoneandintroduceyourselftotheclass.在我們開始之前,請依次到前面來向同學(xué)們做一下自我介紹。【詞塊積累】stepbystep逐步地littlebylittle逐漸地yearbyyear逐年;年年 sidebyside并肩;并排facetoface面對面 backtoback背靠背arminarm臂挽臂 handinhand手牽手shouldertoshoulder肩并肩①IamnotrushingthingsandI’mtakingitstepbystep.

我不會倉促行事,我會一步一步地來。②Thetwosatfacetofaceinsilence.

二人默然對坐。③Isawthemmakingtheirway,handinhand,downthepath.

我看到他們手拉手沿著小路往前走去。④Thespeakerexplainedthesequestionsonebyone.

報(bào)告人對這些問題逐一做了解釋。4.eagernessn.熱切,渴望(教材原句)Iwokeupearlyandrushedoutofthedoorinmyeagernesstogettoknowmynewschool.我一大早就起床沖出了家門,迫不及待地想了解我的新學(xué)校?！驹~塊積累】(1)eageradj.渴望的,渴求的,熱切的beeagertodosth. 渴望做某事beeagerfor... 渴望……(2)eagerly adv.熱切地①Whenyouareatseniorhigh,youwillexploreeverythingoncampuswitheagerness.當(dāng)你在高中的時(shí)候,你會帶著渴望去探索校園里的一切。②Heiseagertofindajobwithanincreasedsalary.

他渴望找到一份薪水更高的工作。③Katewasinahurrytogrowup,eagerforknowledgeandexperience.

凱特急于長大,渴望獲取知識和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。5.traditionn.傳統(tǒng)(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.已經(jīng)進(jìn)入商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的出版商,也就是那些擁有成功報(bào)紙的人,基本不想改變這一傳統(tǒng)。【詞塊積累】(1)followatradition遵循傳統(tǒng)breakwithtradition 打破傳統(tǒng)bytradition 按照傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗(2)traditional adj.傳統(tǒng)的,按照傳統(tǒng)的Itistraditional(forsb.)todosth. (對某人來說)做某事是傳統(tǒng)(3)traditionally adv.按傳統(tǒng)地,依照傳統(tǒng)地①ItistraditionalforChineseoldpeopletolivewiththeirchildrenandtheirgrandchildren.

中國的老人和他們的子女和子孫住在一起是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)。②(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)WewillwanderintraditionalsmalltownsandendourtourwithanexceptionalmuseuminShanghai.

我們將在傳統(tǒng)的小城鎮(zhèn)里漫步,并在上海的一個(gè)特別的博物館結(jié)束我們的旅行。③Bytradition,wehaveapartyonNewYear’sEve.

按照傳統(tǒng),我們在除夕舉行晚會。6.pressuren.壓力(教材原句)Challengeslikethismightsometimesputyouunderpressure.類似的挑戰(zhàn)有可能會讓你倍感壓力。【詞塊積累】underpressure在壓力之下putpressureonsb.(todosth.) 給某人施加壓力(以做某事)①Icanworkunderpressureandgetalongwithmycolleagues.

我能在壓力下工作,并能與同事和諧相處。②Parentsneedtoencouragekidstodeveloptheirpotentialwithoutputtingtoomuchpressureonthem.

父母需要鼓勵(lì)孩子開發(fā)他們的潛力,而不是給他們太多的壓力。7.makethemostof充分利用(教材原句)Thatway,you’llmakethemostofyourtimeatseniorhigh.這樣你就可以充分利用高中的時(shí)光了?！驹~塊積累】makeuseof=takeadvantageof利用,使用makegood/littleuseof 好好利用/沒怎么利用makefulluseof/makethebestof 充分利用①Hewishedtomakethemostof/makefulluseof/makethebestofhisopportunity.

他想充分利用他的機(jī)會。②Weshouldmakegooduseoflightpower,whichisrenewable.

我們要好好利用光能這種可再生能源。8.confidentadj.有信心的,自信的(2020·天津高考)Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.她指著窗戶附近的角落,聲音柔和而自信?！驹~塊積累】(1)beconfidentabout/of對……有信心beconfidentin 在……(方面)充滿信心(2)confidently adv.自信地(3)confidence n.信心have/showconfidencein 對……有信心withconfidence 滿懷信心地;有把握地①M(fèi)anagementisconfidentaboutthewaybusinessisprogressing.管理層對業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的態(tài)勢充滿信心。

②Aftergoingthroughthepastyear,Ibecomemoreconfidentinovercomingdifficulties.

經(jīng)歷了過去的一年,我在克服困難時(shí)變得更加自信。③Nothingisimpossiblewithconfidence,perseverance,andcourage.擁有信心、毅力和勇氣,什么都能做到。

9.Turningaround,Isawawhite-hairedman.

我轉(zhuǎn)身,看到一位白發(fā)老人。【句式解構(gòu)】該句是簡單句。Turningaround是現(xiàn)在分詞短語,置于句首,作時(shí)間狀語,相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句WhenIturnedaround。①Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.

=Whenthemousesawthecat,itranoff.一看到貓,老鼠就逃走了。②WorkingasavolunteerteacherintheWest,thegirltookupgrowingvegetables.

在西部地區(qū)當(dāng)志愿者老師時(shí),這個(gè)女孩對種菜產(chǎn)生了興趣?，F(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語三注意(1)分詞的邏輯主語為句子的主語;(2)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成時(shí)間狀語從句;(3)分詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作一般同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。2、Usinglanguage基本句型(Basicsentencestructures)觀察以下課文原句并思考下列句子屬于哪個(gè)基本句型6。1.AfterIhadpictureditoverandoveragain.2.ThecampuswasstillquietwhenIarrived.3.Withbutterfliesinmystomach,Ibreatheddeeply.4.I’mwonderingwhatlifeisgoingtobelikehere.5.Hegavemeasmile.6.Everyonestartedlaughing.7.Italldependsonwhatyoudo.8.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed.[歸納填空]一、句子的基本成分根據(jù)英語詞匯在句子中的地位和作用,英語的句子成分可分為主語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、同位語及獨(dú)立成分等。1.主語:表示句子說的是什么人或什么事。通常由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、動詞不定式、動名詞、從句等充當(dāng)。*Shewentoutinahurry.(代詞)*Toseeistobelieve.(動詞不定式)*Smokingisbadforhealth.(動名詞)*Whathehassaidistrue.(從句)2.謂語:說明主語做什么或怎么樣。通常由動詞或動詞短語充當(dāng),位于主語之后。實(shí)義動詞可以單獨(dú)作謂語,連系動詞需要和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語;情態(tài)動詞和助動詞需要和實(shí)義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。*Weappreciateyourhelpalot.(實(shí)義動詞)*HecanspeakEnglishwell.(情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形)*Sheistalkingwithhersister.(助動詞+實(shí)義動詞)*Thenewly-bakedbreadtastesdelicious.(連系動詞+表語)3.表語:用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)。一般位于系動詞之后,由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句充當(dāng)。*Hisjobistakingcareofchildren.(動名詞短語)*That’swhyhecamehere.(從句)*Thatremainsapuzzle.(名詞)*Theyseemtoknowthetruth.(動詞不定式)*Thespeechisexciting.(形容詞)4.賓語:表示動作的對象或承受者,一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。常由名詞、代詞、動名詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組和句子充當(dāng)。(1)直接賓語表示動作的承受者或結(jié)果,通常指物。(2)間接賓語表示動作的接受者或指向,它位于直接賓語之前;位于直接賓語之后時(shí),其前面則常加介詞to或for。*Shedidn’tsayanything.(代詞)*Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(從句)*Isucceededinpassingtheexam.(動名詞短語)*Wouldyoulikeshowmeyourpassport?(間接賓語和直接賓語)5.賓語補(bǔ)足語:補(bǔ)充說明賓語的成分叫賓語補(bǔ)足語。一般由形容詞、名詞、副詞、不定式、分詞和介詞短語等充當(dāng)。*WefounditnecessarytostudyEnglish.(形容詞)*Wemadehimmonitorinourclass.(名詞)*Wefoundhimintroublenow.(介詞短語)主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后,賓語補(bǔ)足語就變成了主語補(bǔ)足語。*Thebookisfoundveryinteresting.*Hewaslastseenplayingneartheriver.6.定語:修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等充當(dāng)。*Thereare54studentsinourclass.(數(shù)詞)*Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.(動名詞)*Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakeanynoise.(現(xiàn)在分詞)*Hisspokenlanguageisgood.(過去分詞)*ThatisthereasonwhyIamagainstyouradvice.(從句)前置定語和后置定語形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、動名詞、分詞等作定語時(shí),通常放在被修飾詞的前面,叫前置定語;而介詞短語、動詞不定式短語、分詞短語、副詞、從句作定語時(shí),通常放在被修飾詞的后面,叫后置定語。*Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.(動詞不定式)*Thegirlinwhiteishissister.(介詞短語)7.狀語:修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子,說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分,叫狀語。一般由副詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、獨(dú)立主格和從句等充當(dāng)?？杀硎緯r(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、伴隨、條件、程度、讓步、頻率等。*Helovessciencefictioninparticular.(介詞短語)*Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.(現(xiàn)在分詞)*Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.(從句)*Suddenly,Iheardthebirdsingasong.(副詞)*(2021·浙江高考)Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.(動詞不定式)若時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中,通常先說地點(diǎn)狀語,再說時(shí)間狀語;但是如果對這兩個(gè)狀語同時(shí)提問時(shí),則用whenandwhere。*Theyheldameetinginthehallyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午他們在大廳里開了一個(gè)會議。*Whenandwheredidtheyholdameeting?他們何時(shí)何地開了一個(gè)會議?寫出下列句中加黑部分所作的句子成分(1)Theperformanceonthestageisquitedifferentfromthatinthemovie. 主語(2)Hiswishistobecomeascientist. 表語(3)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1980. 謂語(4)Henoticedamanentertheroom. 賓語補(bǔ)足語(5)Wouldyoutellmeyouradvice? me為間接賓語;youradvice為直接賓語

(6)Iopenedthewindowtoletsomefreshairin. 狀語(7)I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIworkedtogetherwithyou. 定語二、七種基本句型1.主謂:S+V(不及物動詞)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),即句子的謂語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫不及物動詞。*Wealleat,anddrink.我們都又吃又喝。*Heisplaying.他在玩。2.主謂狀:S+V(不及物動詞)+A不及物動詞后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。*Theytalkedforhalfanhour.他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。*Iwokeverysoon.我很快就醒了。3.主謂賓:S+V(及物動詞)+O此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),謂語動詞都具有實(shí)義,都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作,但不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須跟一個(gè)賓語,即動作的承受者,才能使意思完整。*Theyatesomeapples.他們吃了些蘋果。*Shelaughsathim.她嘲笑他。*Iwanttohaveacupoftea.我想喝杯茶。4.主謂賓狀:S+V(及物動詞)+O+A此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),用“主謂賓”不足以表達(dá)完整的句意,必須加上狀語才可表明地點(diǎn)、程度、時(shí)間等細(xì)節(jié)問題。*Theycarriedouttheplansuccessfully.他們成功地執(zhí)行了計(jì)劃。*Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.今天下午我想和你談?wù)劇?.主謂雙賓:S+V(及物動詞)+IO(間接賓語)+DO(直接賓語)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),謂語動詞必須跟兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是直接賓語,另一個(gè)是間接賓語。*Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.她給她丈夫做了一頓美餐。*Heshowedmethatthebuswaslate.他告訴我公共汽車晚點(diǎn)了。*Shetoldmehowtorunthemachine.她告訴我如何操作機(jī)器。常見的能跟雙賓語的及物動詞(1)give,tell,teach,write,bring,lend,hand,show,offer,send,pay,pass,allow,return等詞后的間接賓語可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞to的賓語。*Pleasehandhimabook!=Pleasehandabooktohim!請遞給他一本書!(2)buy,do,get,fetch,save,make,sing,choose等詞后的間接賓語可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞for的賓語。*Hisfatherboughthimabike.=Hisfatherboughtabikeforhim.他的父親給他買了一輛自行車。(3)ask,answer,take,cost等詞無法改變結(jié)構(gòu)形式。*Thecarcostme2,000yuanfortherepair.這次修車花了我兩千元。6.主謂賓補(bǔ):S+V(及物動詞)+O+C此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),動詞雖然是及物動詞,但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語,才能使意思完整。*Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.他讓我盡快回來。*Theyfoundthehousedirty.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)房子很臟。*Isawthemgettingonthebus.我看到他們在上公交車。7.主(系)表:S(+V系動詞)+P此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn),句子謂語動詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思,必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語,才能表達(dá)完整的意思。*Thedinnersmellsgood.晚餐聞起來很香。*Thebookisinteresting.這本書是有趣的。【知識延伸】系動詞大全

1.狀態(tài)系動詞,用來表示主語狀態(tài),只有be(am,is,are,was,were,been,being)。

2.持續(xù)系動詞,用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度,主要有keep,remain,stay。

*Healwayskeptsilentatthemeeting.

他開會時(shí)總保持沉默。

3.表象系動詞,用來表示“看起來像”這一概念,主要有seem,appear,look。

*Heseems(tobe)verysad.他似乎很難過。

4.感官系動詞,主要有feel,smell,sound,taste。

*Thisflowersmellsverysweet.這花聞起來很香。

5.變化系動詞,表示主語變成什么樣,主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come。

*Hewentmadafterthataccident.

那次事故后他瘋了。

6.終止系動詞,表示主語已終止動作,主要有prove,turnout。

*Therumorprovedfalse.這謠言證實(shí)有假。

*Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.

他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。寫出下列句子的句型結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Theyworkhard. 主+謂+狀(2)Theflowerisbeautiful. 主(+系)+表(3)Plantsneedwater. 主+謂+賓(4)Hegivesmesomeseeds. 主+謂+間賓+直賓(5)Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade. 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)判斷并寫出下列各句屬于哪種句子結(jié)構(gòu),然后閱讀短文,選擇適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z句填入文中空白處。A.I’mateacheroftheschool.SPB.Theexcitingdaycameatlast.SVAC.Ifoundmyclassroomfiveminuteslater.SVOAD.Isawmanynewfacilitiesinthecampus.SVOAE.Heaskedeveryoneofustogiveaself-introduction.SVOCMyfirstdayatseniorhighIrushedoutofmyhomewitheagernesstogettoknowmynewschool.1Ihadimagineditoverandoveragaininmymind.

2Andtherewereseveralnewbrilliantbuildingsstandingontheplayground.“Youareanewstudent,right?”Asoftvoicebehindmeasked.Turningaround,Isawayounglady.“Yes,”Isaid.“3Soifyouneedanyhelp,pleaseturntome,”shesaidwithasmileonherface.

4.WhenIsteppedintoit,allthestudentshadbeenthere.Ourheadteacher,amiddle-agedmanwithblackandcurlyhaircamein.5Ifeltverynervous.Thefeelinglastedmorethanhalfanhour,becauseIwasthelastonetogivetheintroduction.

Whatanimpressiveday!答案:1～5.BDACEⅠ.判斷并寫出下面句子分別屬于哪種基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)1.Allofuslaughed. (SV)2.MrZhouisakindandhumorousteacher. (SP)3.Wewillhaveameetingtomorrowmorning. (SVOA)4.The100-year-oldbuildingliesinthecentreofthecity. (SVA)5.Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesfriendlyandhelpful. (SVOC)Ⅱ.漢譯英1.那個(gè)人已經(jīng)到了。Themanhasarrived.

2.我今天很高興。Iamveryhappytoday.

3.她給我們唱了一首英文歌曲。ShesangusanEnglishsong.

4.他們昨天晚上玩得很開心。Theyhadgreatfunlastnight.

5.你們的貢獻(xiàn)將會使得這次活動獲得巨大成功。Yourcontributionwillcertainlymaketheeventahugesuccess.

3、DevelopingideasⅠ.必備單詞:根據(jù)提示填寫單詞1.ahotdebate一場激烈的辯論2.onstage 在舞臺上3.awiderangeoftopics 一系列廣泛的話題4.volunteerhelpers 無償援助者5.gainitsindependence 贏得獨(dú)立6.atightschedule 緊湊的日程7.getanaward 獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)8.givehimtheopportunity 給他機(jī)會9.haveagoodviewof 一覽無余10.theformerpresident 前總統(tǒng)11.atthesightofblood 一看到血12.figureitwillrain 認(rèn)為會下雨13.aneatidea 一個(gè)好主意14.thespecificplan 具體的計(jì)劃15.struggletomakealiving 努力賺錢謀生16.exchangeideas 交流思想17.argueforanewpolicy主張新政策→heatedargument(n.)激烈的爭論18.havesharpeyes有敏銳的眼睛→contrastsharply(adv.)鮮明的對比19.ahighlyintelligentchild非常聰明的孩子→averageintelligence(n.)智力一般20.investigatepossiblelinks查明可能的聯(lián)系→underinvestigation(n.)接受調(diào)查21.applyforajob申請工作;求職→apassportapplication(n.)護(hù)照申請22.graduatefromhighschool高中畢業(yè)→graduation(n.)day畢業(yè)典禮日23.afrightenedchild受了驚嚇的小孩→afrightening(adj.)experience可怕的經(jīng)歷→frighten(v.)themoff把他們嚇跑→shakewithfright(n.)嚇得發(fā)抖24.beselectedfortheteam入選進(jìn)隊(duì)→therandomselection(n.)隨機(jī)抽取25.payparticul