2021年上海高三英語(yǔ)二考閱讀C篇專(zhuān)題名校沖刺匯編

英語(yǔ)二考沖刺—閱讀C篇專(zhuān)題名校匯編1.【2020-2021學(xué)年上海市閔行區(qū)七寶中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期10月月考試卷】難度值：（★★★★☆）（C）Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentionmakingpeopleangry.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons--bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome--butthelinesareobviousPartoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravelsotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckarequalifiestouseexpedited(加速的)screeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpays85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.63.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto.A.stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwideB.highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airportsC.explainAmerican'stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecksD.emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection64.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?A.Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.B.Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.C.ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.D.Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.65.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis.A.adramaticreductionofitsscaleB.itswrongly-directedimplementationC.govemment’sreluctancetobackitD.anunreasonablepriceforenrollment66.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LessScreeningforMoreSafetyB.PreCheck-aBelatedSolutionC.GettingStuckinSecurityLineD.UnderusedPreCheckLanes【答案】63.C64.D65.D66.C2.【2020-2021學(xué)年上海市松江區(qū)上師大附外高三上學(xué)期10月月考考試英語(yǔ)試卷】難度值：（★★★★）(C)Warisexpensiveanditisbloody.ThatiswhyAmerica'sDepartmentofDefensewantstoreplaceathirdofitsarmedvehiclesandweaponrywithrobotsby2015.Suchachangewouldsavemoney,asrobotscanbemuchcheapertoreplacethanpeople.Justasimportantlyforthegenerals,itwouldmakewagingwarlesspreytothepoliticsofbodybags.Nobodymournsarobot.TheUSmilitaryalreadyroutinelyusesroboticaeroplanesknownasunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs).InNovember2001twomissilesfiredfromaremote-controlledPredatorUAVkilledMohammadAtef,al-Qaeda'schiefofmilitaryoperationsandoneofOsamabinLaden'smostimportantassociates,ashedrovehiscarnearKabul.ButwhereasUAVsandtheirground-basedequivalents,suchasthemachinegun-totingSwordrobots,areusuallycontrolledbydistanthumanoperators,thePentagonwouldliketogivetheserobotsincreasingamountsofautonomy,includingtheabilitytodecidewhentouselethalforce.Toachievethis,RonaldArkinoftheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,inAtlanta,isdevelopingasetofrulesofengagementforbattlefieldrobotstoensurethattheiruseoflethalforcefollowstherulesofethics.Inotherwords,heistryingtocreateanartificialconscience,DrArkinbelievesthatthereisanotherreasonforputtingrobotsintobattle,whichisthattheyhavethepotentialtoactmorehumanelythanpeople.Stressdoesnotaffectarobot'sjudgmentinthewayitaffectsasoldier's.Hisapproachistocreatewhathecallsa"multidimensionalmathematicaldecision-spaceofpossiblebehavioractions".Basedoninputsrangingfromradardataandcurrentpositiontomissionstatusandintelligencefeeds,thesystemwoulddividethesetofallpossibleactionsintothosethatareethicalandthosethatarenot.If,forexample,thedronefromwhichthefatalattackonAtefwaslaunchedhadsensedthathiscarwasovertakingaschoolbus,itmightthenhaveheldfire.TherearecomparisonstobedrawnbetweenDrArkin'sworkandthefamousThreeLawsofRoboticsdrawnupinthe1950sbyIsaacAsimoy,ascience-fictionwriter,togovernrobotbehavior.ButwhereasAsimov'slawswereintendedtopreventrobotsfromharmingpeopleinanycircumstances,DrArkin'saresupposedtoensureonlythattheyarenotunethicallykilled.Thisisanadmirablegoalintheory,butevenifethicscanbeneatlyencodedintosoftware,pitfallsremain.Althoughacompletelyrationalrobotmightbeunfazedbythechaosandconfusionofthebattlefield,itcouldstillmakemistakes.Surveillanceandintelligencedatacanbewrong,andconditionsandsituationsonthebattlefieldcanchange.63.America'smilitaryforcewantstoreplacepeoplewithrobotsNOTbecause_______.A.warcostalotanditisbloodyB.peopleshowsympathyforapersonnotarobotC.thearmedvehiclesandweaponsaretooexpensiveD.thegeneralwouldreceivelesscriticismfromthemasses64.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A.Atefwaskilledbytwomissilesfiredfromaremote-controlledmannedaerialvehicle.B.ThedepartmentofforcealreadyusesUAVswithrelativelyhighautonomy.C.ThestudydonebyDr.ArkinissimilartoThreeLawsofRobotics.D.InArkin'sopinion,asoldier'sjudgmentcanbeaffectedbutrobot'swon't.65.What'sthemainideaofthisarticle?A.RonaldArkinisdevelopingasetofrulestoincreaseautonomy.B.RonaldArkinismakingeffortstocreateanartificialconscience.C.Atefwaspreciselybombedbyaremote-controlledPredatorUVA.D.TherearecomparisonsbetweenDr.Arkin'sworkandThreeLawsofRobotics.66.What'stheauthor'sattitudeaboutArkin'sapproach?A.Hisapproachisanadmirablegoalanditcanberealized.B.Robotwouldfightwithoutanymistakesinthebattlefield.C.Dr.Arkin'sapproachisethicalandfaultless.D.Robotsarenotsubstituteforpeopleinthebattlefield.【答案】CDAD3.【2020-2021學(xué)年上海市延安中學(xué)第一學(xué)期期中考試高三年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試卷】難度值：（★★★★★）(C)Aseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatisanuisance,butaphone'sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaplyorthewholehandsettradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,however,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Batteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofanaverageofmid-sizevehicle.Apartfromincreasingtheriskofrunningoutofjuiceandleavingadriverstranded,adeterioratingbatteryquicklydestroysacar'ssecond-handvalue.Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producersarenow,though,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,withthelaunchof“million-mile”(1.6km-kilometre)batteries.ElonMuskhashintedthatTeslahasamillion-milebatteryintheworks.AndoverinDetroit,GeneralMotors(GM)isinthefinalstagesofdevelopinganadvancedbatterywhichitsayshassimilarlongevity.“It’sagreatcatchphrase;themillion-milebattery,"saysGeorgeCrabtree,directoroftheJointCentreforEnergyStorageResearchatArgonneNationalLaboratory,nearChicago."Butthefactthatyoucandriveamillionmilesmaynotbethemostrelevantparametertolookat."Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesn’thelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.Thelithium-ion(Li-ion)batterieswhichpowerelectriccarsageintwoways:withtimeandwithuse.Battery-makers-calltime-dependentageing“calendarageing”.Itisconsequenceofthegradualdegradationofsomeofthematerialsemployedinbatteryconstruction,whichreducesabattery'sabilitytoholdacharge.Leavingacarwithafullyratherthanpartlychargedbattery,forexample,canincreasetherateofcalendarageing.Use-dependentageingisaconsequenceofthenumberofdischarge--rechargecyclesabatterygoesthrough.Itiscausedbythecomplexchemicalreactionsthattakeplacewhenabatteryisoperating.Someoftheseareessentialtoabattery'sjobofstoringandreleasingenergy.Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime.Asaconsequence,soarecalendaranduse-dependentlifetimes.Gettingdirectexperienceofhowelectriccarsareusedishelpingresearcherscomeupwithwaystomitigate（緩和）someofthesidereactions,saysTimGrewe,theheadofGM's'electrificationstrategy.Thecompanyemploysremote"telematic"monitoringtokeeptrackofhowbatteriesareperforminginitscars,andalsotakesbacksomebatteriesfromhigh-mileagedriversandthoselivinginextremeenvironments,suchasdesertsandmountainousregions,foranalysis.Dealingwithimpuritiesthatgetintobatterieshelpstoextendtheirlives.Water,forexample,reactswithsaltsintheelectrolytetoformanacid,whichattackstheelectrodes.Topreventthis,GMhasdevelopedanaddictivemadefromatypeofmaterialcalledazeolite.Zeolitesaremolecularsponges.GM‘sversionservestomopupanymoisturewhichentersabatterycell.Addingalittlealuminiumtoanickelcobalt-manganesecathode,atypethatiswidelyusedinLi-ionbatteries,saveoncobalt,themostexpensiveingredientinabattery.Butthealuminiumdeliversotherbenefitsaswell.Itbooststhebattery'senergydensity,meaningacarcantravelfartheronasinglecharge.Italsomakethebatterylastlonger.Asamarketingdevice,themillion-milebatterywillgiveelectric-carbuyersmoreconfidencethattheirbatteriesarerobust.Andbynomeansaremillion-milebatteriesthelimitofengineers'aspirations.ThenextobjectiveistoreplaceLi-ions'liquidelectrolyteswithsolidones.Thatwouldkeeptheionsunderstrictercontrolandallowevenlongerdrivingranges.Thiscouldmakeatwomillion-milebatteryafeasibleobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavecomethelast.63.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphmean?A.Itismoreprofitabletoinvestinanelectriccarthaninamobilephone.vB.Spendingmoremoneyonanelectriccarcanincreaseitssecondhandvalue.C.It’smuchmorecostlytoreplacethefailedbatteriesofanelectriccarwithnewones.D.Comparedwithelectriccars,batteriesareoflessimportancetomobilephones.64.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistheleastlikelytoreduceanelectriccar'sbatterylife?A.Unplugginganelectriccaronceit'sfullycharged.B.Oftenchargingthecarin"fast"modetosavetime.C.Drivinganelectriccaronswelteringsummerdays.D.Leavingthecarintheparkinglotforalongtime.65.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEregardingthemeasuresresearcherstaketoprolongabattery'slifetime?A.Monitoringandstudyingbatteries'performanceinlong-distancetraveling.B.Addingzeolitetoencouragetheacidifyingchemicalreactioninthebattery.C.Usingaluminiumtoimprovethebattery'sperformanceenablingthecartotravelfarther.D.Keepingthebatterypartlychargedtoreduceitsrateof"calendarageing".66.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.Thecurrenttechnologyenablesanelectriccartodriveamillionmilesonasinglecharge.B.Electriccarengineersarealwaysonthegotodevelopbatterieswithgreaterlongevity.C.Policiesonthechoiceofbatterymaterialswillbetightenedtocontrolthetravelingrange.D.Driversoffutureelectriccarswillnolongerbeworriedaboutbatteryfailure.【答案】63-66CABB4.【2020-2021學(xué)年上海市閔行區(qū)華二紫竹中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期中試卷】（★★★★）（C）Thereiscurrentlyabroadglobalmovementawayfromconsiderationsofmereeconomicsuccesstowardsanewpublicpolicygoatinvolvingabroadernotionofqualityoflife.Thismovementhasalsospurredrethinkingofwhichstatisticsinformusbestaboutacountry’ssituationandhowitscitizensarefaring.Fordecades,thegoldstandardwasmacroeconomicindicator:theGDP-gross-domesticproduct.Thisisthemostprominentyardstickthatthemedia,politiciansandthepublicconsiderwhentheytrytoassesshowcountryisperforming.However,thismeasurewasnevermeanttobeameasureofthewelfareofnationsandsothereisgrowingskepticismabouttheGDP’susefulnessasameasureofnationalwell-being.Sloganslike“beyondGDP”challengethepreoccupationwiththeGDP.ThefirstgroupofinitiativestriestodealwiththeflowoftheGDPbyattemptingtofixtheindicatoritself.OnekeyaimofitistoaccountforsustainabilityandenvironmentaldamageassociatedwithGDPgrowth.ThesecondgroupofmeasuresmovesfurtherawayfromtheGDPasayardstickthanthepreviousapproachesbutdoesnotabandonthesumofgoodsandservicesaltogether.Instead,itseekstoassessnationalwell-beingbycomplementingtheGDPwithanumberofkeysocialindicators.ThemostradicaldeparturefromtheGDPisembodiedbythethirdgroupofmeasures,whichseeksalternativeindicatorsofwall-beingwithoutaccountingforthesumofgoodsandservicesproducedinaneconomy.ThelogicbehinditisthattheGDPhasalwaysbeenandremainsameanstoanendratherthantheenditself.ReplacingtheGDPaltogetherisquiteadrasticstrategyforassessingnationalwell-being,asnotonlyiseconomicgrowthaprerequisiteformanyofthesocialgoodsthatmakelifeenjoyablebutthemetricofGDPisalsohighlycorrelatedwithsuchotherfactors.Thus,byarguingthattheGDPisonlyameanstoanend,thesemeasuresareindangerofmakingaconceptualassumptionthatisnotableintheorybutcanbechallengedinpracticeonthebasisofactualcausalmechanismsandempiricaldata.63.Themeaningof“prominent”inparagraph2line2isclosestto.remarkable B.projecting C.recognized D.clear-cut64.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatthe“firstgroupofinitiatives”wouldprimarily.A.changethemeasurementapproachtoencompassonlysocialfactors.B.takebothpositiveandnegativefactorsintoaccountuniversally.C.showthepositiveeffectsofmodernizationinitsnewmeasurements.D.shiftthemeasurementofGDPsothatitiscalculatedpercapita.65.Wecaninferthatthealternativeapproachtomeasuringhappiness,differentfromthecurrentapproach,isbasedonthebeliefthat.A.economicprosperityisagoodpredictoroflifeexpectancyandisparticularlyusefulforcomparinglifeexpectanciesaroundtheworld.B.GDPisahelpfulmeasurementofhoweconomicscontributetowelfareindifferentcountries.C.materiallivingconditionsandlifeexpectancyhavenoeffectonindividualhappiness.D.thesumofgoodsandservicesproducedbyacountryisn'tanecessaryfactorindeterminingacountry’swell-being.66.Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheauthors’centralclaiminthepassage?A.Well-beingandeconomicshavenotbeenshowntocorrelatetoanysignificantdegree.B.ReplacingtheGDPoutrightmayseemappealingbutdifficultanddangeroustoimplement.C.Thereisagrowingmovementtoimprovethewayacountry’swell-beingismeasured.D.TheGDPcanonlymeasureeconomics,whilehappinessmustbeconsideredprimarilyintermsofotherfactors.【答案】63.A64.B65.D66.C5.【2020-2021學(xué)年上海市徐匯區(qū)上海中學(xué)高三開(kāi)學(xué)考試卷】難度值：（★★★★）(C)Dr.DonaldSadowayatMITstartedhisownbatterycompanywiththehopeofchangingtheworld'senergyfuture.

It'sadramaticendorsement（**）foratechnologymostpeoplethinkaboutonlywhentheirsmartphonegoesdark.

ButSadowayisn'taloneinboastingaboutenergystorageasamissinglinktoacleaner,moreefficient,andmoreequitableenergyfuture.ScientistsandengineershavelongbelievedinthepromiseofbatteriestochangetheworldAdvancedbatteriesaremovingoutofspecializedmarketsandcreepingintothemainstream,signalingatippingpointforforward-lookingtechnologiessuchaselectriccarsandrooftopsolarpropels.Theubiquitous（無(wú)所不在的）

batteryhasalreadycomealongway,ofcourse.

Forbetterorworse,batteriesmakepossibleourmobile-firstlifestyles,ourscreenculture,ourincreasinglyglobalizedworld.

Still,asimpressiveasallthisis,itmaybetrivialcomparedwithwhatcomesnext.Havingalreadyenabledacommunicationsrevolution,thebatteryisnowpoisedtotransformjustabouteverythingelse.Thewirelessageisexpandingtoincludenotjustourphones,tablets,andlaptops,butalsoourcars,homes,andevenwholecommunities.

Inemergingconomies,ruralcommunitiesarebypassingthewiresandwoodenpolesthatspreadpower.

Instead,someinAfricaandAsiaareseeingtheirfirstlightbulbsilluminatedbythepowerofsunlightstoredinbatteries.Today,energystorageisa$33billionglobalindustrythatgeneratesnearly100gigawatt-hoursofelectricityperyear.

Bytheendofthedecade,it'sexpectedtobeworthover50billiondollarsandgenerate160gigawatt-hours,enoughtoattracttheattentionofmajorcompaniesthatmightnototherwisebeinterestedinadecidedlypedestriantechnology.

Evenutilitycompanies,whichhavelongviewedbatteriesandalternativeformsofenergyasathreat,arelearningtoembracethetechnologiesasenablingratherthandisrupting.Today'sbatterybreakthroughscomeastheworldlookstoexpandmodernenergyaccesstothebillionorsopeoplewithoutit,whilealsocuttingbackonfuelsthatwarmtheplanet.

Thosesimultaneouschallengesappearlessoverwhelmingwithincreasinglybetteranswerstoacenturies-oldquestion：howtomakepowerportable.Tobesure,thebatterystillhasalongwaytogobeforethenightlyrechargecompletelyreplacestheweeklytriptothegasstation.

Abattery-poweredworldcomeswithitsownrisks,too.Whathappenstothecentralizedelectricgrid,whichtookdecadesandbillionsofdollarstobuildas：

moreandmorepeoplebecome"prosumers,"whoproduceandconsumetheirownenergyomsite？Nooneknowswhich—ifany--batterytechnologywillultimatelydominate,butonethingremainsclear.

Thefutureofenergyisinhowwestoreit

63.WhatdoesDr.Sadowaythinkofenergystorage？A.ItinvolvestheapplicationofsophisticatedtechnologyB.ItisthedirectionenergydevelopmentshouldfollowC.ItwillprovebeaprofitablebusinessD.Itisatechnologybenefitingeveryone

64.Whatismostlikelytohappenwhenadvancedbatteriesbecomewidelyused？A.Mobile-firstlifestyleswillbecomepopularB.Theglobalizationprocesswillbeaccelerated（加速）C.CommunicationswilltakemorediverseformsD.Theworldwillundergorevolutionarychanges

65.Insomeruralcommunitiesofemergingeconomies,peoplehavebegunto

.A.finddigitaldevicessimplyindispensable

B.communicateprimarilybymobilephoneC.lighttheirhomeswithstoredsolarenergy

D.distributepowerwithwiresandwoodenpoles66.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthecentralizedelectricgrid？A.Itmightbecomeathingofthepast.

BItmightturnouttobea"prosumer".C.Itwillbeeasiertooperateandmaintain.

D.Itwillhavetobecompletelytransformed【答案】63-66BDCA6.【2020-2021學(xué)年建平中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)】難度值：（★★★★☆）(C)TheOccupyWallStreetprotestmovementhasraisedseriousquestionsabouttheroleofcapitalistinstitutions,particularlycorporationsinAmericansociety.WellbeforethefirstprotestersetfootinZucottiPark,aheckler(擾亂分子)urgedMittRomneytotaxcorporationsratherthanpeople.Romney’sresponse--“Corporationsarepeople”stirredabriefbutintensecontroversy.Nowthousandsofdemonstratorshaveineffectjoinedtheheckler,denouncing(抨擊)corporationsas“enemiesofthepeople.” Farmoreimportantthanquestionsaboutwhatcorporationsareisthequestionofwhatattitudeweshouldhavetowardthem.Shouldwe,ascorporatepublicrelationsstatementsoftensuggest,thinkofthemasfriends(ifwebuyandaresatisfiedwiththeirproducts)orasfamily(ifweworkforthem)?Doesitmakesensetobeloyaltoacorporationaseitheracustomerorasanemployee？Moregenerally,evengrantedthatcorporationsarenotfullypersonsinthewaythatindividualsare,dotheyhavesomeimportantmoralstandinginoursociety？Myanswertoallthesequestionsisno,becausecorporationshavenocorededicationtofundamentalhumanvalues.Suchcorporationsexistasinstrumentsofprofitfortheirshareholders.Infact,lefttothemselves,theycanbeseriousthreatstohumanvaluesthatconflictwiththegoalofcorporateprofit.Corporationsareaparticularthreattotruth,avalueessentialinademocracy,whichplacesapremiumontheinformeddecisionsofindividualcitizens.Thecorporatethreatismostapparentinadvertising,whichexplicitlyaimsatconvincingustopreferaproductregardlessofitsactualmerit.Theirdefininggoalistogenerateprofit.Therearecaseswhentellingthetruthisthebestmeanstoadvancecorporateprofits.In1982,whensevenpeopleinChicagodiedfrompoisonedTylenol,Johnson&Johnsonappealedtoitscredo,whichmakesconcernforitscustomersprimarycorporategoal，andtoldtheentiretruthaboutwhathadhappened.Thishonestyturnedapotentialpublic-relationsdisasterintoatriumph.ButJohnson&Johnson’simpressivecorporatecredoendsbysaying,“Ourfinalresponsibilityistoourstockholdersandmustmakesolidprofit.Thecredoisunclearaboutwhathappenswhenthereisaconflictbetweenresponsibleactionandlong-termprofit. Noneofthismeansthatcorporationsareevilorthatsocialismshouldreplacethefree-enterprisesystem.AsMichelFoucaultsaidofallpowerstructures,it’snotthatcorporationsarebadbutthattheyaredangerous.Theself-servingcorporatespeechthatfillsourmediaandhallsofgovernmentisparticularlydangerousforourdemocracy.Atleastforthisreason,theOccupyWallStreetprotestersarerighttodistrustcorporations.63.MittRomneymostprobablybelievesthat___________.A.individualsshouldpaymoretaxesthancorporationsB.corporationsshouldnotbeforcedtopaymoretaxesC.peopleshouldcaremoreaboutcorporations’developmentD.corporationsshouldenjoyallthelegalrightsaspeopledo64.AccordingtoParagraphs2and3,itcanbeinferredthatcorporations___________.A.shouldbesetasmoralexamplesofthesocietyB.takeemployees’faithfulnessaspartoftheirgoalscontributelittletothemostessentialhumanvaluesareactuallymeansbywhichpeopleshareprofits65.The1982eventiscitedinParagraph3toillustratethat_____________A.corporationsalwaysmakeprofitsattheexpenseofpeople’shealthB.customersshouldalwayskeepaneyeonthequalityofanyproductC.corporationstakeeconomicprofitastheirpriorityessentiallyD.corporationprofitisalwaysincontradictionwithcustomerinterests【答案】63—66BCCA7.【2020-2021學(xué)年建平中學(xué)高三下3月月考】難度值：（★★★★）（C）Theideathatrichercountriesarehappiermayseemintuitivelyobvious.However,in1974,researchbyeconomistRichardEasterlinfoundotherwise.Hediscoveredthatwhileindividualswithhigherincomesweremorelikelytobehappy,thisdidnotholdatanationallevel.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,averageincomeperpersonrosesteadilybetween1946and1970,butreportedhappinesslevelsshowednopositivelong-termtrend;infact,theydeclinedbetween1060and1970.Thesedifferencesbetweennation-levelandindividualresultsgaverisetotheterm“Easterlinparadox”:theideathatahigherrateofeconomicgrowthdoesnotresultinhigheraveragelong-termhappiness.Havingaccesstoadditionalincomeseemstoonlyprovideatemporarysurgeinhappiness.Sinceacertainminimumincomeisneededforbasicnecessities,it’spossiblethatthehappinessboostfromextracashisn’tthatgreatonceyouriseabovethepovertyline.ThiswouldexplainEasterlin’sfindingsintheUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountries.Hearguedthatlifesatisfactiondoesrisewithaverageincomes—butonlyintheshortterm.RecentresearchhaschallengedtheEasternparadox,however.In2013,sociologistsRuutVeenhovenandFlorisVergunstconductedastudyusingstatisticsfromtheWorldDatabaseofHappiness.Theiranalysisrevealedapositivecorrelationbetweeneconomicgrowthandhappiness.AnotherstudybytheUniversityofMichiganfoundthatthereisnomaximumwealththresholdatwhichmoremoneyceasestocontributetoyourhappiness:“Ifthereisasatiationpoint,weareyettoreachit.”Thestudy’sfindingssuggestedthateveryextradollaryouearnmakesyouhappier.Withsomuchdebateabouttherelationshipbetweenmoneyandhappiness,it’sclearthathappinessitselfisacomplexconceptanddependsonmanyfactors.AccordingtopsychologistsSelinKesebirandShigehiroOishi,happinessalsodependsonhowyourincomecomparestothepeople