高考閱讀理解D篇集訓(xùn)（二）

高考閱讀理解D篇集訓(xùn)（二）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在題卡上將該項涂黑。P011Scientificpublishinghaslongbeenalicensetoprintmoney.Scientistsneedjournalsinwhichtopublishtheirresearch,sotheywillsupplythearticleswithoutmonetaryreward.Otherscientistsperformthespecializedworkofpeerreviewalsoforfree,becauseitisacentralelementintheacquisitionofstatusandtheproductionofscientificknowledge.Withthecontentofpaperssecuredforfree,thepublisherneedsonlyfindamarketforitsjournal.Untilthiscentury,universitylibrarieswerenotverypricesensitive.Scientificpublishersroutinelyreportprofitmargins(利潤)approaching40%ontheiroperations,atatimewhentherestofthepublishingindustryisinanexistentialcrisis.TheDutchgiantElsevier,whichclaimstopublish25%ofthescientificpapersproducedintheworld,madeprofitsofmorethan￡900mlastyear,whileUKuniversitiesalonespentmorethan￡210min2016toenableresearcherstoaccesstheirownpubliclyfundedresearch;bothfiguresseemtoriseunstoppablydespiteincreasinglydesperateeffortstochangethem.Themostdrastic,andthoroughlyillegal,reactionhasbeentheemergenceofSci-Hub,akindofglobalphotocopierforscientificpapers,setupin2012,whichnowclaimstoofferaccesstoeverypaywalled(有付費墻的)articlepublishedsince2015.ThesuccessofSci-Hub.whichreliesonresearcherspassingoncopiestheyhavethemselveslegallyaccessed,showsthelegalecosystemhaslostlegitimacy(合法性)amongitsusersandmustbetransformedsothatitworksforallparticipants.InBritainthemovetowardsopenaccesspublishinghasbeendrivenbyfundingbodies.Insomewaysithasbeenverysuccessful.MorethanhalfofallBritishscientificresearchisnowpublishedunderopenaccessterms:eitherfreelyavailablefromthemomentofpublication,orpaywalledforayearormoresothatthepublisherscanmakeaprofitbeforebeingplacedongeneralrelease.Yetthenewsystemhasnotworkedoutanycheaperfortheuniversities.Publishershaverespondedtothedemandthattheymaketheirproductfreetoreadersbychargingtheirwritersfeestocoverthecostsofpreparinganarticle.Theserangefromaround￡500to$5,000.Areportlastyearpointedoutthatthecostsbothofsubscriptionsandofthese“articlepreparationcosts”hadbeensteadilyrisingatarateaboveinflation(通貨膨脹).Insomewaysthescientificpublishingmodelresemblestheeconomyofthesocialinternet:laborisprovidedfreeinexchangeforthehopeofstatus,whilehugeprofitsaremadebyafewbigfirmswhorunthemarketplaces.Inbothcases,weneedarebalancingofpower.Scientificpublishingisseenas“alicensetoprintmoney”partlybecause__________.A.itsfundinghasenjoyedasteadyincreaseB.itsmarketingstrategyhasbeensuccessfulC.itspaymentforpeerreviewisreducedD.itscontentacquisitioncostsnothingAccordingtoparagraphs2and3,scientificpublishersElsevierhave__________.A.thrivedmainlyonuniversitylibraries B.gonethroughanexistentialcrisisC.revivedthepublishingindustry D.financedresearchersgenerouslyHowdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesuccessofSci-Hub?A.Relieved. B.Puzzled. C.Concerned. D.Encouraged.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizedthescientificpublishingmodel?A.Trialsubscriptionisoffered. B.Labortriumphsoverstatus.C.Costsarewellcontrolled. D.Thefewfeedonthemany.32-35DACDP012Thisyear’sUSIndependenceDaycelebrationswereextraspecialduetothearrivalofasecond,smallerStatueofLibertyfromFrance.Thisone,nicknamed“LittleSister”,wasdisplayedonEllisIsland--acrossthewaterfromtheoriginalStatueofLiberty,whichsitsonLibertyIsland--fromJulyIthrough5,2021.ItthenwasmovedtotheFrenchEmbassyinWashington,DC,whereitwillremainuntil2031.The9.3-foot-tall,1000-poundStatueisaboutone-sixteenththesizeoftheoriginalStatueofLiberty,Itwascraftedin2009fromthe3-Dscanofthemodeloftheoriginal,whichwascreatedbysculptorFrédéric-AugusteBartholdinthelate1800s.BeforebeingshippedtotheUS,“LittleSister”spenttenyearswelcomingvisitorsinParis.“Thisstatuesymbolizesthevirtuesoffreedomandintegration(融合),”thesculptorsaid.“ThesetwovaluesforeveruniteFranceandtheUnitedStates.”TheoriginalStatueofLibertywasalsodesignedtocelebrateFrance-Americanfriendship.Theideawasfirstproposedin1865byFrenchhistorianédouarddeLaboulaye.However,itwasnotuntil1875thatUSPresidentandformerCivilWargeneralUlyssesGrantagreedtothemonument.ThetwonationsdecidedthatFrancewouldpaythecostofbuildingthestatuewhileAmericawouldfundthe$250,000pedestal(底座)uponwhichshewouldstand.IttookBartholdandhisteam,whichincludedAlexandre-GustaveEiffel,builderofParis’sEiffeltower,tenyearstocompletethemasterpiece.TodaythemagnificentmonumentisoneofNewYorkCity’smostpopulartouristattractions,drawingmorethan4millionvisitorsannually.Thearrivalofits“LittleSister”issuretoattractmorefansinWashington,DC.Whatdoweknowabout“LittleSister”?A.ItwasinitiallyexhibitedintheUS.B.ItwillbekeptonEllisIslandforabout10years.C.Itlooksliketheoriginaloneexceptinsize.D.ItwascreatedbyFrédéric-AugusteBarthold.Whywas“LittleSister”giventotheUSasapresent?A.TowelcomevisitorsinParis.B.TocelebratethevictoryofCivilWar.C.Toencouragepeopletopursuefreedom.D.TostrengthenthefriendshipbetweentheUSandFrance.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThecostoftheStatueofLibertyB.ThehistoryoftheStatueofLibertyC.ThedesignersoftheStatueofLibertyD.ThesignificanceoftheStatueofLibertyWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.The“LittleSister”isabouttomeettheworldB.MorevisitorswillfloodintotheUSforthe“LittleSister”C.TheStatueofLibertywelcomedthearrivalofher“Sister”D.TheUScelebratedthisyear’sIndependenceDaydifferently32-35CDBCP013Despitedemographic(人口統(tǒng)計的)challenges,China’seconomywillremainonasolidgrowthtrackifthecountrymeetsitschallengesproperlywithmeasuressuchasenhancing(提高)thequalityofitshumanresourcesandreducingthecostofraisingchildren,expertssaidonTuesday.Theircommentscameasthenation’slatestcensus(人口普查#)showedthattheChineseeconomystillhasanabundantlaborpoolwithaworking-agepopulationof880million,butriskshavearisenfromthefallingbirthrateandfasterpopulationaging.“Thecountryremainsrichinlaborresourcesandcontinuestohavetheadvantageofalargepopulation.Buttheworking-agepopulationhasdeclinedslowlyyearbyyear,makingitnecessaryfortheeconomicstructureandtechnologicaldevelopmenttomakeadjustmentsaccordingly,”NingJizhe,headoftheNationalBureauofStatistics,saidatanewsconferenceonTuesday.Thecountry’sworking-agepopulation,agedbetween16and59,was880millionin2020,accountingformorethan60percentofthenationalpopulationof1.41billionanddownmorethan40millioncomparedwith2010,accordingtotheseventhnationalpopulationcensuscarriedoutlatelastyear.“Althoughthetotalworkforcemaycontinuetoshrinkgradually,theproportionoftheworkforcewithhighlevelsofskillandknowledgeisexpectedtogrow,whichwillhelptheChineseeconomytofurtheraccelerate,”saidChannelYeung,amarketanalystatFXTM,aUnitedKingdom-basedglobaltradingplatform.AccordingtoYeung,thedeclineinthelaborforceinrecentyearsismainlyowingtotheshrinkingofthelow-skilledlaborforce,whilethenumberofpeopleengagedinhigher-endindustries,researchworkandtheservicessectorisrising.Aseconomicupgradingcontinues,thedeclineinthelow-skilledlaborforceshouldnothavequiteabadeffectonChina’seconomicdevelopment,andthenationshouldtakecoordinatedstepsinindustrialupgradingandtheenhancingofitshumanresources,whichwillfurtherreducethepressureofashrinkingworkforceandunleash(釋放)growthpotential,Yeungsaid.LuoZhiheng,chiefmacroeconomicanalystattheresearchinstituteofYuekaiSecurities,stressedtheimportanceofreducingthecostofraisingchildrentodealwiththedemographicimpactontheeconomy,suchasofferingtaxbreaksorsubsidies(補貼)forparentsandboostingthenumberofnurseries.Whatwasthecountry’sworking-agepopulation,agedbetween16and59in2010?A.About880million. B.About890million.C.About920million. D.About940million.Whichkindofworkforceisshrinkingaccordingtothenewsreport?A.Thelaborforceofservices.B.Thelaborforceoflow-skilledworkers.C.Thelaborforceofresearchwork.D.Thelaborforceofhigher-endindustries.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boosting”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Increasing. B.Publishing. C.Controlling. D.Calculating.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.EconomichurdlescallforadjustmentsB.China’spopulationhasbecomemoreeducatedC.Risksfromfallingbirthrate,agingpopulationD.Chinahastheadvantageofalargepopulation32-35CBAAP014Likeatiredmarriage,therelationshipbetweenlibrariesandpublishershaslongbeendull.E-books,however,arecausingheartache.Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoocarefulaboutpiracyandlostsalestoco-operate.Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.Theothershaveeitherdeniedrequestsorarereluctantlyexperimenting.Publishersarewisetobenervous.Ownersofe-readersareexactlythecustomerstheyneed:book-loverswithmoney—neitherthedevicesnorbroadbandconnectionscomecheap.Ifthesewonderfulpeopleswitchtoborrowinge-booksinsteadofbuyingthem,whatthen?Electronicborrowingisawfullyconvenient.Unlikeprintedbooks,whichmustbecheckedoutandreturnedtoaphysicallibrarymilesfromwhereyoulive,bookfilescanbedownloadedathome.Digitallibrarycataloguesareoftenbrowsedatnightfromacomfortablesofa.Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredue.Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextravalue.Youcannotresellit,lendittoafriendorburnittostaywarm.Owningabookisusefulifyouwanttotasteitrepeatedly,butwhoreadsFiftyShadesofGreytwice?E-lendingisnotsimple,however.Therearelotsofdifferentandoftenincompatible(不兼容的)e-bookformats,devicesandlicences.MostlibrariesuseacompanycalledOverDrive,aglobaldistributorthatsecuresrightsfrompublishersandprovidese-booksandaudiofilesineveryformat.YetpublishersandlibrariesareworriedbyOverDrive’smarketdominance,asthecompanycanincreasinglydeterminefeesandconditions.Libraryboostersarguethatbookborrowersarealsobookbuyers,andthatlibrariesarevitalspacesforreaderstodiscovernewwork.ManywerecheeredbyarecentPewsurvey,whichfoundthatmorethanhalfofAmericanswithHorarycardssaytheyprefertobuytheire-books.Butthereportalsonotedthatfewpeopleknowthate-booksareavailableatmostlibraries,andthatpopulartitlesofteninvolvelongwaitinglists,whichmaybewhatinspirespeopletobuy.Sopublisherskeepadjustingtheirlendingarrangementsinsearchoftherightbalance.RandomHouseraiseditslicensingpricesearlierthisyearandHarperCollinslimitslibrariestolendingitstitles26times.Theothersarewatching,holdingtheirbreath.InBritainthegovernmentwillsoonannounceareviewofthematter.Thestoryofthelibrarye-bookisanail-biter.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.Librariesareeagertokeeprelationshipwithpublishers.B.Severalpublishershavesolde-bookstomostlibraries.C.Librariescaretoomuchaboutpiracyandbooksales.D.Mostpublishershesitatetocooperatewithlibraries.Whatistheauthor’sopinionabouttheelectronicborrowing?A.awful. B.convenient. C.awkward. D.valuable.WhatdowelearnaboutOverDrive?A.Ithastheprivilegetoofferreadersvariousbrandsofe-readers.B.Itdistributese-booksandaudiofilestopublishers.C.Itsmarketdominancethreatenspublishersandlibraries.D.Itdevotesitselftoimprovingconditionsofe-bookmarket.Whichdoestheunderlinedphrase“anail-biter”probablymeaninthepassage?A.somethingthatmakesyounervous. B.somethingthatmakesyouannoyed.C.somethingthatmakesyouastonished. D.somethingthatmakesyouembarrassed.32-35DBCAP015GreenSkiniscommonsciencefiction,butwhatifgreenskinwerenotjustforaliens?Ifhumanshadgreenskin.whatifapermittedustheabilitytoperformphotosynthesis(光合作用),Whichplantsusetoliveoffof(依靠)sunlight?Let’sanalyzewhatsciencesaysaboutitandaskaward-winningscience-fictionauthorJohnScalziwhathethinks.Plantscanliveoffofphotosynthesisbecausetheygrowbroad,flatleavestoharvestasmuchlightaspossible.Theyalsoneedlessenergybecausetheyarefarlessactivethananimals.AccordingtoLindsayTurnbull,aplantecologistattheUniversityofOxford,iftheskinofawomanwerephotosyntheticlikealeaf,theamountofsurfaceareashehadwouldsatisfyonly1%ofherdailyenergyrequirementstosurvive.Foraphotosynthesizingwomantomeetherenergydemands,shewouldneedalotmoreskin—aboutatenniscourtsworth,Turnbullestimated.Inaddition,photosynthesisrequirescarbondioxide.Plantshavepores(毛孔)thattheyusetosupplythegastotheircells.Ifphotosynthetichumanshadchloroplasts(葉綠素),theymightneedporousskintoletincarbondioxide,butsuchporesmightletotherthingsleakinorout—forinstance,moisture(水分)—inwaysthatmightproveharmfultothehumanbody.Onemightwonderifphotosyntheticpeoplemightprefermovingtosunnyclimates.Althoughsuchpeoplemightreceiveasmallincreasefromphotosynthesisiftheymovedtoadesertarea,theywouldlikelybaseotherresourceissuestodealwith,suchasalackofwater,Scalzisaid,There’salwaysgoingtobetrade-offs(平衡).”henoted.Andwouldphotosynthetichumanspreferholeornoclothingtoabsorballthoserays?Insomephotosyntheticsocieties,clothingmightbecomeasymboloftheelite—asigntheygetenoughenergyfromfoodanddonotneedphotosynthesis.Youcanimaginethemsaying.“I’mrich,soIcancoverup.”Scalzisaid.SowouldScalziwantphotosyntheticskinforhimself?“Probablynot.”hesaid.“Idon’tseethebenefitfromitbeingsogreatthatIwouldcompletelychangethewayI’dlooktobenefitfromit.”Whycan’thumansliveoffofphotosynthesisaccordingtoLindsayTurnbull?A.Becausewearelessactive. B.Becausewewearclothes.C.Becausewedon’thavegreenskin. D.Becauseourskinareaisnotlargeenough.Ifphotosynthetichumanshadpores,whatwouldbethedisadvantage?A.TheywouldabsorbtoomuchCO2.B.Theywouldreleasesomeusefulsubstances.C.Theywouldbetoosmallforhumanbeings.D.Theywouldkeepgasesfromenteringthehumanbody.WhatmightbethereasonwhyScalzisaysnotophotosyntheticskinforhimself?A.Hewastooconservative((保守的)toacceptthat.B.Hewouldn’tliketomovetosunnyclimates.C.Hebelievedthereweremorerisksthanbenefits.D.Hethoughtclothingwassimplyasymbolofupperclass.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Byprovidingresearchresults. B.Bydescribingaprocess.C.Bymakingclassifications. D.Byfollowingthetimeorder.32-35DBCAP016Whenyouthrowsomethingintherecyclingbin,doyouthinkaboutwhatitcouldbecome?Andwhenyoudo,doesitmakeyoumorelikelytousethatrecyclingbin?Recently,astudywasconductedinanefforttodecidewhetherornotexplainingtopeoplewhattheirrecyclablesaretransformedintowouldhelpincreaserecyclingrates.Theresearchersstartedwithagroupof111collegestudents,askedtodrawonpaperbeforewatchingoneofthreeads.Onewasapublicservicemessagethatshowedpapergoingintorecyclingbins.Theothertwoalsoshowedthepapereitherbeingtransformedintonewpaperoraguitar.Aftercompletingasurvey,thestudentswereaskedtodealwiththepaperwhentheyleft.Halfofthosewhosawthefirstadrecycledtheirpaper,whiletherecyclingratejumpedto80%forthosewho’dseentheotherads.Afterdoingafewmorelabexperiments,theresearchersheadedintotherealworld.Atnparty,volunteersspokewithattendees(出席者)aboutrecycling,withhalfmentioningtransformedproductsandhalfkeepingitgeneral.Theydiscoveredthesubjectofthetalkscameintoplay.Afterthegame,therecyclingandtrashbagswereweighed.Thosewhoreceivedamessagerecycledoverhalfoftheirwaste.whilethosewhodidnotrecycledlessthanafifth.Allthisistosaythatdetailsmatter.Peoplewanttoknowwhattreasurestheirtrashcanbecome,andwhenthat’slaidoutclearly,they’remorelikelytodoit.Perhapsrecyclingcompaniesshouldredesignsignstodescribetheitemsbeingcreated,Recyclingisfarfromaperfectsolution,butitdoesn’thurttomanagetoimproveitsrates.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothemaintopic.B.Toreflecttheauthor’sattitude.C.Tointroduceanewrecyclingbin.D.Toemphasizethebenefitsofrecycling.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“cameintoplay”inparagraph3mean?A.Tookeffect. B.Brokedown. C.Tookoff. D.Cametomind.Whatdoestheauthoradviserecyclingcompaniestodo?A.Signthenamesontheitems. B.Findperfectwaysofrecycling.C.Examinethedetailsofitems. D.Showthetransformationofwaste.Inwhichcolumnofthewebsitedoesthetextprobablyappear?ASportsandgames. B.Travelandtourism.C.Entertainmentandrecreation. D.Scienceandhumanlife.12-15AADDP017Ifsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownbylisteningforyourvoice,youmightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisasterandfirstresponderscouldn’tlocateyou?Maybethenahuman-seekingdrone(無人機)wouldn’tbesuchaterribleidea.ThatconceptisthefocusforengineersatGermany’sFraunhoferFKIEInstitute,who’vebuiltadronetofindpeoplebydetecting(探測)humanscreams.“Thehuman-seekingdronewouldbeidealforpost-disastersituations,suchasearthquakes,hurricanesandwildfires,”saidMacarenaVarela,oneoftheleadengineers.“Theycouldhoveroveranareathatrescuecrewshavedifficultygettingtoandlocateexactlywherepeoplemaybetrapped.”Locatingpeoplebysoundpresentsitsshareofchallenges.Anauditory(聽覺的)systemwouldneedtodistinguish-humancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnature,suchasanimalcallsandwind.Itmightalsoneedtorecognizepatternsassociatedwithkicking,clappingorotherwayspeopletrytogettheattentionofrescueteams.Engineerstookthosesituationsintoaccountwhen-buildingouttheirconceptdrone.Theyrecordedthemselvesscreaming,tappingandcreatingothernoisesthatmightbeasignofpeopleintrouble.Then,theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommonsignaturesandusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware.Theyalsoworkedtoremovethenoisecreatedbythedroneandotherenvironmentalsounds.Oncethesoftwarepartwascomplete,theteamplacedtinydigitalmicrophonesunderthedroneandusedsignalprocessingtechniquesthatenabledthemtotrackwherehumannoisesarecomingfrom.Themicrophonesalsoenhancedthevolumeandclarityofthespeech.Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessfulopenfieldexperiments,findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim’slocationwithinafewsecondsofpickingupsound.Next,theywouldliketoaddahigherfrequencymicrophonetoadronetoacquiremoreaudiosoundsignals.Theideaistopickupnoisesfromhundredsofmetersaway,Varelasaid.Intherealworld,victim’slocationdatamightonedaybesentwirelesslytoemergencycrewscarryingatablet.Whatistheadvantageofthehuman-seekingdrone?A.Itshighspeedofflying. B.Itslongworkinghours.C.Itsquickresponsetoscreams. D.It’seasyaccesstodisasterscene.Whatcantheauditorysystemdo?A.Recognizehumancries.B.Pickupsoundsfromfaraway.C.Sendvictim’slocationdatatoatablet.D.Improvethequalityofhumanscreams.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“signatures”inparagraph4referto?A.Effects. B.Symbols. C.Features. D.Situations.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AIEnablesDronestoGiveBetterPerformanceB.Human-seekingDronesReplaceRescueCrewsC.EngineersTeachDronestoHuntHumanScreamsD.RescuersUseDronestoLocateDisasterSurvivors32-35DACCP018Evenwhencommuningwithnaturewedependontechnologyforhelp—butthen,sodidThoreau(梭羅)atWaldenPond(瓦爾登湖).Walkinginthesamewoodsyesterday,Iletmyselfwanderatrandom,communingwithnature.Itookinbeautifulscenerynearandfarthankstomyprogressive-lenseyeglasses.OccasionallyI’dpulloutmysmartphonetotakepicturesonanythinginteresting.Irecordedaninnermonologuewithabackgroundofallsoundsoftheforest.Attimes,Iconsultedmysmartwatchtocheckonmyheartbeat,mileageandcalorieburn.EventuallyIrealizedIwasquitelost.Notaproblemofcourse.Onlinemapscametomyrescue.Butsomethingbotheredme.InwhatI’dintendedasanatureexperience,hereIwasusingveryhightechnologytohelpmyselfout.Thisinsighttriggeredareconsiderationofeverythingthathappenedduringmy“naturewalk,”whichhadbeentechnologicallyenhancedeverystepoftheway.I’dbeenfunctioningasaman-machinecombination:acyborg.WhatwouldthetruenaturalistThoreauthinkofthat?Myfirstthoughtwasthathe’dbeshocked.ButlaterIdidsomeresearch.Thoreauenjoyedwhathisspyglassdiscovered,likethiseaglefromhisjournal:Lyingonthegroundwithmyglass,Icouldwatchhimveryeasily...tillIalmostlosthimintheclouds...IthinkIhavegottheworthofmyglassnowthatithasrevealedtomethewhite-headedeagle.Famously,Thoreaualwayssetoutequippedwithawalkingstick,whichheusednotonlyforsupportbutalsototakemeasurementsofwaterandsnowlevels.Hishatwasalsoatool,whichhecalledhis“botany-box.”Andhewaspreparedevenwithneedlesandthread,sowhencomingoutofthewoods,hewas“thebestdressed.”Clearly,Thoreauwasabitofacyborghimself.Thinkingmoredeeply,Irealizedwe’vecomealongwayfromourhunter-gathererancestors,whowalkedfromnecessityandreliedonnature’sgift.Cyborgsareus.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TorecommendThoreau’sbookWaldenPond.B.Toarguethathumanshavedevelopedintocyborgs.C.Tosharethereflectionsonman’srelianceonnature.D.Toquestionwhetherpeoplearetechnology-dependent.Whichpicturebestillustratesacyborgintheauthor’seye?A. B. C. D.WhydoestheauthorquoteThoreau’sjournal?A.Tointroducealiteraryworkonnature.B.Toexplainhowtoprepareforanaturewalk.C.Toprovethatevennaturalistsusetechnology.D.TodescribethenaturalbeautyThoreauenjoyed.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbeingacyborg?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.32-35BCCAP019Therechargeablelithium-ion(鋰離子)batterymarketisworthmorethan$50billion.Lithium-ionbatteries,whosedemandcontinuestogoupdaybyday,areusedinawiderangeofelectronicdevices.Theyaremadeoffourmaincomponents,andcathode(陰極)isoneofthem.Thecathode’sactivematerialtypeiswhatdeterminesthecapacityofabattery.Arecentstudy,ledbyWangYan,amaterialscientistofWorcesterPolytechnicInstitute,findsthatlithium-ionbatteriesmadewithrecycledcathodesworkbetterthanthosewithnewcathodes.“Thebatteryindustryisexpectedtogrowsharplyinthenextdecade.Thishighdemandhasledcompaniestogotoextremes,likeincreasingdeep-seamining,togainaccesstothemineralsusedinlithium-ionbatteries,”Wangsaid.“Miningmineralswillhaveenvironmentalimpacts.Recyclingspentlithium-ionbatteriesoffersawayout.”Butuntilnow,theprospectofusingrecycledmaterialsinlithium-ionbatterieshassomemanufacturers(制造商)worryingthatitcouldimpactperformance.Thus,lithium-ionbatteriesarestillnotwidelyrecycled.Awareofdecreasingresourcesandenvironmentalimpact,Wangandotherresearcherssetouttofindawaytomakerecyclinglithium-ionbatterieseconomicallypractical.Throughexperiments,theycouldrecovermorethan90%ofthekeymetalsfromspentbatteries.Theserecoveredmetalsbecamethebasisofthenewrecycledbattery’scathode’sactivematerial.IntestsbetweenWang’steam’srecycledbatteriesandbrand-newbatteriesofthesamecomposition,therecycledbatteriesoutperformthenewonesintheirabilitytomaintaincapacity.Ittook11,600chargecyclesforrecycledcathodebatteriestolose30percentoftheiroriginalcapacity.Thatwasabout50percentbetterthanthe7,600observedcyclesfornewcathodebatteries,theteamreported.Thosethousandsofextracyclescouldtranslateintoyearsofbetterbatteryperformance,evenafterrepeateduseandrecharging.Whatcanwelearnaboutlithium-ionbatteriesfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyarehighinprice. B.Theyareingreatdemand.C.Theyarelimitedinuse. D.Theyaresimpleincomposition.WhatdoesWangmainlytalkaboutinparagraph3?A.Thetargetusersofrecycledbatteries. B.Thewaystogetmineralsforbatteries.C.Themajorreasonsforrecyclingbatteries. D.Thecomplexprocessofrecyclingbatteries.Whatarethemanufacturersconcernedabout?A.Decliningmineralresources. B.Difficultrecyclingtechniques.C.Seriousenvironmentalproblems. D.Inefficientbatteryperformance.Whichofthefollowingdetailsbestsupportsthemainideaofthetext?A.Thebatteryindustryisgoingtodevelopdramatically.B.Recyclingbatteriesreducesimpactontheenvironment.C.Scientistscanrecoverkeymaterialsfromspentbatteries.D.Recycledbatteriesoutperformnewonesinchargingcircles.32-35BCDDP020Dreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.InJungianphilosophy,theconflictandchaosexperiencedindreamsfinallybringordertoo