外研版英語必修三講義Module1Europe2SectionⅡIntroductionReadingandVocabulary-LanguagePointsWord版含答案

SectionⅡIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—LanguagePointsfacevt.面向，面對；面臨(困難等)n．臉；面部(教材P1)FranceisEurope’sthirdlargestcountryandfacestheUnitedKingdomacrosstheEnglishChannel.法國是歐洲第三大國，隔英吉利海峽與英國相望。(1)befacedwith 面對；面臨(2)in(the)faceof 面對……facetoface 面對面(地)(3)makeaface/faces 做鬼臉loseface 丟臉；失面子①Weshouldlearntofacethedifficultywithcourage.我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會勇敢地面對困難。②IfTomdoesn’tkeephispromise,he’llloseface.如果湯姆不信守諾言，他就會丟面子。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Thatnationis__faced(face)withaneconomiccrisisandmanypeopleinthecountryarefacing(face)theproblemofbeingoutofwork.②Facing(face)south,thehousecantakeinmuchsunlightinwintertokeepitwarm.③(2019·江蘇泰州高一月考)WithWeChatbeingmoreandmorepopularinChina,weseemtobelosingtheartofchattingfacetoface.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯面對如此艱難的處境，我決定詢問父母的建議。④Faced(face)withsuchadifficultsituation,Idecidedtoaskmyparentsforadvice.⑤Facing(face)suchadifficultsituation,Idecidedtoaskmyparentsforadvice.⑥Inthefaceofsuchadifficultsituation,Idecidedtoaskmyparentsforadvice.face和befacedwith都有“面臨，面對”的意思，在語法填空題中常以非謂語的形式出現(xiàn)，有with的常填faced,沒有with的常填facing。rangen．山脈；范圍v．在……內(nèi)變動/變化(教材P1)BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.法國與西班牙之間橫亙著另外一條山脈——比利牛斯山脈。(1)rangefrom...to...＝rangebetween...and... 在……范圍內(nèi)變動(2)a(wide)rangeof 一系列的；許多的in/withinrangeof... 在……范圍內(nèi)outof/beyondrangeof... 在……范圍外①Thepopulationofthesecitiesrangesbetween3millionand5million.這些城市的人口在300萬到500萬之間。②(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Withthestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportseventsareabletobeheld.隨著體育場的建造，許多的體育比賽就能在這兒舉行了。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①(2017·北京卷)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.②a.Thepriceofthehouseiswellbeyondourrange,sowehavetorentone.b．It’sdifficulttofindahousein/withinourpricerange.situatedadj.(建筑物等)坐落在……；位于……；(人)處于……的立場(教材P2)ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situatedontheRiverSeine.巴黎是法國的首都，也是法國最大的城市，坐落在塞納河畔。(1)besituatedon/in/at... 位于……，坐落在……； 處于……地位(境遇、立場)(2)situatev. 使位于；使處于(3)situationn. 位置；形勢；立場；境遇ina(n)...situation 處于……狀態(tài)/境遇①MyhometownissituatedinsouthernShandongProvince.我的家鄉(xiāng)位于山東省南部。②I’mnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.我對現(xiàn)狀一點也不滿足。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①(2019·天津高一期中)Situated(situate)inaquietspotneartheriver,thehotelisourfirstchoice.②Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereinmysituation?③Youcouldgetintoasituationwhereyouhavetodecideimmediately.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級④位于黃海岸邊的這座城市已成為一個現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)中心。(普通表達(dá))Thecitywhich/that__is__situated__on__the__coast__oftheYellowSea,hasbeeamodernindustrialcenter.(高級表達(dá))Thecitysituated__on__the__coast__oftheYellowSea,hasbeeamodernindustrialcenter.(分詞短語作定語)situate的用法與漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣不同。在漢語中與建筑物是主動關(guān)系，在英語中是被動關(guān)系，因此在作狀語或定語時常用過去分詞。becauseof因為，由于(教材P2)FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.佛羅倫薩是一座因文藝復(fù)興而聞名的意大利城市。文藝復(fù)興這場偉大的藝術(shù)運動始于14世紀(jì)并且持續(xù)了300年。(1)becauseof為介詞短語，后接名詞、代詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。(2)because為連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。①(2016·四川卷)Milkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent.牛奶有助于睡眠因為里面含有鈣。②Hehadtofacethechallengealonebecauseoflackofsupport.他因缺乏支持而不得不獨自面對挑戰(zhàn)。[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯因為他的粗心，他這次考試沒通過。①Hefailedintheexambecause__of__his__carelessness．②Hefailedintheexambecause__he__was__careless．beknownas(＝befamousas)作為……而出名/聞名(教材P2)Athens,thecapitalofGreece,isknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilisation.雅典是希臘的首都，作為西方文明的發(fā)源地而聞名于世。(1)beknown/famoustosb. 為某人所了解/熟知beknown/famousfor... 因……而聞名(2)It’swellknownthat...＝Asisknowntoall...＝Whatisknowntoallisthat... 眾所周知……①MoYanisknownasthefirstChinesewhohaswontheNobelPrizeinLiterature.莫言作為獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎的第一位中國人而聞名。②TheQinghai-TibetPlateauhaslongbeenknownastheroofoftheworld.青藏高原素有“世界屋脊”之稱。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Known(know)forhiswriting,hewasinvitedtoattendthemeeting.②(2019·黑龍江鶴崗高一月考)Knownasawriter,JinYong,whoserealnameisZhaLiangyong,iswellknowntoChinesepeopleforhiswonderfulworks.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯眾所周知，奧運會每四年舉行一次。③It’s__well__known__thattheOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.④As__is__known__to__all,__theOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.⑤What__is__known__to__all__is__thattheOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.eversince自從……以來；自從；從……起(教材P2)Theirworkhasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.他們的作品自那以來一直影響著其他作家。eversince表示動作從過去的某一時間為起點，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用。其用法與since相同：(1)作副詞，單獨使用，在句中作時間狀語；(2)作介詞，后接表示時間的名詞(短語)；(3)作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句通常用一般過去時。①Helefthometwoweeksagoandwehaven’theardfromhimeversince.他兩周前離家外出，我們至今還沒有他的音信。②Theyhaven’tseeneachothereversincegraduation.自從畢業(yè)后，他們彼此就沒見過面。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Greatchangeshave__taken(take)placehereeversinceyouleft.②(福建卷)—WhereisPeter?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastandhas__been__writing(write)hisessaythereeversince.③(天津卷)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhas__been__reached(reach)sofarbythetwosides.(1)eversince和since不論用作副詞、介詞或連詞，都常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，有時根據(jù)語境還可與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時連用。(2)常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語：sofar,uptonow,tillnow,bynow,recently,lately,in/forthelast/past＋一段時間。eq\a\vs4\al(完全倒裝)(教材P1)BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.法國與西班牙之間橫亙著另外一條山脈——比利牛斯山脈。此句為完全倒裝句，其正常語序為：Anothermountainrange—thePyreneesisbetweenFranceandSpain.。完全倒裝的條件：(1)表示地點、方位或時間的副詞，如here，there，in，out，up，down，away，now，then等以及表示方位的介詞短語置于句首；(2)謂語動詞一般為be動詞或lie，e，go，stand等動詞；(3)句子的主語為名詞。如果句子的主語為代詞，主謂不倒裝。①(湖北卷)Intothepletesilenceofthewaitingclasscametheteacher’ssweetvoice,“Goodmorning，children.”在全班同學(xué)靜靜的等待中傳來了老師甜甜的嗓音：“孩子們，早上好?！雹贐ythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗戶邊坐著一位年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。[鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①——看，汽車來了?！狶ook,herees__the__bus．——它確實來了?！狧ereit__es．②Asmallboyrushedfrombehindthedoor.→Frombehindthedoorrushed__a__small__boy．(倒裝句)③Atalltreewithahistoryofover100yearsstandsinfrontofthehouse.→Infrontofthehousestands__a__tall__treewithahistoryofover100years.(倒裝句)完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的時態(tài)只限于一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填詞1．Papermakingisoneofthefourgreatinventionsinancient(古代的)China.2．Asweallknow,thedove(鴿子)isasymbol(象征)ofpeaceandfreedom.3．TheJinMaoTowerreachesover400metersinheight,makingitselfa(n)landmark(標(biāo)志性建筑)ofShanghai.4．Ifwearebeyondrange(范圍)ofthesignal,ourphonescan’tbeused.5．Asiaisthebirthplace(發(fā)源地)ofthegreatreligionsoftheworld.6．Anewfactoryislocated/situated(位于)inthesuburbs,aboutamilefromthetown.7．Chinaiswell-knownforherthousandsofyearsofcivilisation(文明)．8．Couldyougivemesomeadviceonthenewproject(項目)?eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯1．IstayedatahotelthelasttimeIwenttoQingdao,withthewindowofmyroomfacedthesea.faced→facing2．Onethirdofthestudentsintheschoolisadmittedintokeyuniversities.is→are3．InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitaprofessor.sit→sits4．Theopen-airpartyhasbeenputoffbecausethebadweather.在because后加of5．Sheleftschoolthreeyearsagoandworkedasanurseeversince.worked→has__workedeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)課文語法填空Paris,Barcelona,FlorenceandAthensarefourgreat1.European(Europe)cities.Paris,oneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld,isthecapitaland2.largest(large)cityofFrance.ItisfamousfortheEiffelTower,itsrestaurants,cafésandtheatres.ThesecondlargestcityofSpainisBarcelona,oneof3.whosemostfamouslandmarksistheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia4.designed(design)byAntonioGaudi.Florence,wheretheUffiziPalace5.is__situated(situate),becamefamousfortheRenaissancewhichbegan6.inthe1300sandlastedfor300yearsand7.is__visited(visit)nowbyaboutamilliontouristseachyear.Athens,8.thebirthplaceofwesterncivilisation,isthecapitalofGreece.Itusedtobetheworld’smost9.powerful(power)city.TheworkofGreece’sbestwriterswholivedinancientAthens10.has__influenced(influence)otherwriterseversince.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Yunnan,known(know)asthebirthplaceofPu’ertea,is__located(locate)inthesouthwestofChina.2．Facing(face)thedifficulty,Ikeptcalmandtriedtothinkawayout.3．Inhisbookhedealswithalotofsubjects,ranging(range)fromeducationtoenvironmentalprotection.4．Wehavefiftyworkshopsinourfactory,butonlyonefifthare(be)abletobeusedandthereststandempty.5．Tomcamebacksoearlynotbecauseoftherainbutbecausehewastootired.6．Atthefootofthesnowmountainlies(lie)asmallvillage,whichisverybeautiful.7．ItisreportedthatErnaHartwasthefirstgirlwhoswamacrosstheEnglishChannel.8．(2019·武漢高一月考)Wuhan,thecapitalofHubeiProvince,situated(situate)ontheYangtzeRiver,isanimportantcity.9．Hisfirstnovelhas__received(receive)goodreviewseversinceitcameoutlastyear.10．QingdaoliesonthewestofthePacificOcean,wherewecannotfindmanyislandsoffthecoast.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解AOnJuly1,2017,Canadaturned150.Thatday,morethanhalfamillionpeoplevisitedOttawaforthecountry’sbiggestbirthdaycelebrationever.Atthesametime,hundredsofparties,fireworkdisplays,andperformancestookplaceacrossCanadatomarktheoccasion.Asweallknow,nativepeopleliketheInuithavelivedinCanadaforthousandsofyears.About500yearsago,FrenchandBritishpeoplestartedarrivingthere.Theyclaimedsomeofthelandfortheircountries.Thetwocountriesoftenfoughtovercontroloftheland.TheBritishwonfullcontroloftheareain1763.ButFrenchremainsoneoftheofficiallanguages,alongwithEnglish.CanadabecamefullyindependentofBritainin1982.Overtheyears,itisnowthesecond-largestcountryintheworld.Atmorethan5，500miles,itsborderwiththeUSisthelongestborderbetweenthetwonations.Canadiansareproudoftheircountry.Canadaevenmadethelistofthe10happiestcountries,accordingtoa2017UnitedNationsreport.LocatednotfarfromtheNorthPole,itscoldandicynorthishometoabouttwo-thirdsoftheworld’spolarbears.Itsicyandsnowylandalsohelpsexplainwhysomeofitspopularsportsareicehockey,skiingandcurling(冰壺)．Theyarealsoveryproudofthecountry’shistoryofwelingpeoplefromaroundtheworldandofthediversepopulation.“Itremindsusofthevaluesthatuniteus—openness,anddeeprespectforourdifferences，”saysPrimeMinisterTrudeau.“Today,andeveryday,letuscelebratethedifferencesthatmakeCanadastrong,diverseandproud.”【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了加拿大這個國家。1．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．HowCanadacameasanation.B．TheofficiallanguagesofCanada.C．WhyexplorerscametoCanada.D．ThepeoplewhocontrolCanada.A解析：段落大意題。本段主要介紹加拿大的土著居民以及加拿大這個國家是如何獨立的。尤其是最后一句“CanadabecamefullyindependentofBritainin1982.”由此可判斷A是正確的。故選A。2.WhatmakesthesportsinCanadasodifferent?A．Itsspecialfood. B．Itsspecialhistory.C．Itsgeographiclocation. D．Itsvariousculture.C解析：根據(jù)第四段最后“LocatednotfarfromtheNorthPole,...Itsicyandsnowylandalsohelpsexplainwhysomeofitspopularsportsareicehockey,skiingandcurling(冰壺)．”可知這個國家的地理位置讓它的一些體育項目與眾不同。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beats. B．Canadians.C．Players. D．Americans.B解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Canadiansareproudoftheircountry.”及最后一段的第一句“Theyarealsoveryproudofthecountry’shistoryof...”可推斷出選B。4．Whatisthetone(語氣)ofTrudeau’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Surprising. B．Praising.C．Ordering. D．Encouraging.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)特魯多總理的話可知“它提醒我們的價值觀，使我們團結(jié)一致，對彼此的分歧深表尊重，”“今天，每一天，讓我們慶祝那些使加拿大強大、多樣化和自豪的不同。”分析這兩句可推斷出特魯多總理是一種鼓勵性的語氣。故選D。BWhetheryoupreferburningthemidnightoilorgoingtobedearlysoyoucangetupatthebreakofdawndependsonyourgenes,accordingtoexperts.Ijumpoutofbedeachmorning,eagertostartanactiveday.ButIcanhearmyneighbour’salarmclockringingnonstopeverymorningandIdoubthegetstoworkontime.Alotofnoiseesfromhisflatintheevening.He’shappytostayupwatchingTVtillaftermidnight,whileIgotobedearlyandtrytosleep.Well,itmightnotbehisfaultafterall.I’mcalled“alark(百靈鳥)”andmyneighbour“anowl(貓頭鷹)”．Weallhaveinside“clocks”inthebraintocontrolallkindsofbodilyfunctionsanditisreseteverydaybylight.Theseinsideclocksruntoadifferentschedulein“l(fā)arks”and“owls”.Ifyouhaveafastclock,youliketodothingsearly,andifyouhaveaslowclock,youliketodothingslate.Becauseweliveina24/7world,scientistsbelieveit’simportanttounderstandaperson’s“chronotype”—thetimeofthedaywhentheyfunctionthebest.Itcouldhelpusleadahealthierlife.AUSprofessorhasstudiedsleepingpatternsandthinksworktimesshouldbechangedandmademoreindividuallytofitinwithourchronotypes.Andhehasadviceforthosewhocan’tchoosetheirworkinghours:“Ifthat’snotpossible,weshouldbemorecarefulaboutlightexposure，”saystheprofessor.“Youshouldtrytogotoworknotinacoveredvehiclebutonabike.Theminutethesunsetsweshouldusethingsthathavenobluelight,likeputerscreensandotherelectronicdevices.”【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。作者通過分析自己和鄰居不同的作息情況，說明了每個人都有自己的睡眠類型：有的人晚上的工作效率高，有的人白天的工作效率高。但是，如果無法選擇工作時間，那么就應(yīng)在晚上盡量避免藍(lán)色的光，因為藍(lán)色的光可能會導(dǎo)致睡眠問題。5.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A．Bypresentingandsolvingproblems.B．Byexplainingthecause-effectrelationship.C．Bygivingexamplesanddrawingaconclusion.D．Byanalyzingdifferencesandprovidingadvice.D解析：寫作手法題。作者通過分析自己與鄰居不同的作息情況，認(rèn)識到這是由于基因的不同造成的。然后，作者對此提出建議，即不同的人應(yīng)該采用不同的作息時間。故選D項。6.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheauthor’sneighbour________．A．a(chǎn)lmostalwaysgetstoworkontimeB．hastoworkdeepintothenighteverydayC．ispassiveduringthedaybutenergeticatnightD．iseasilywokenupbyhisalarmclockinthemorningC解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ButIcanhearmyneighbour’salarmclockringingnonstopeverymorningandIdoubthegetstoworkontime.”和第三段“Alotofnoiseesfromhisflatintheevening.He’shappytostayupwatchingTVtillaftermidnight...”可知，作者的鄰居白天狀態(tài)消極，晚上卻精力充沛。故選C項。7.Theunderlinedpart“24/7”inParagraph6mostprobablymeans“________”．A．stressful B．digitalC．confusing D．changingA解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后“scientistsbelieveit’simportanttounderstandaperson’s‘chronotype’—thetimeofthedaywhentheyfunctionthebest.Itcouldhelpusleadahealthierlife.”可知，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為有必要了解每個人的睡眠類型，即一天中什么時間他們工作狀態(tài)最好，這有助于我們更健康地生活。由句中的連詞“Because”可知，“l(fā)iveina24/7world”是了解人的睡眠類型的原因。由此可推知，我們生活在一個有壓力的世界，正因為如此，我們才需要了解自己身體的時間表，按照身體的時間表來安排休息時間，這有助于提高效率，減緩壓力，使我們生活得更幸福。故選A項，意為“有壓力的”。B項意為“數(shù)字的”；C項意為“令人困惑的”；D項意為“變化的”，均與文章內(nèi)容不符。8.Thingswithbluelightarenotremendedaftersunsetbecausebluelight________．A．willmakeyounervousB．maycausesleepproblemsC．willreduceyourworkeffectD．maymakeyousleepyB解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章可知，每個人都具有不同的睡眠類型，結(jié)合文章最后一段第一句中“Ifthat’snotpossible,weshouldbemorecarefulaboutlightexposure”可知，如果我們無法選擇工作時間，不得不在白天工作而在晚上休息，我們就應(yīng)該更加注意光的照射，尤其是不要在晚上接觸藍(lán)色的光。由此可推知，藍(lán)色的光可能會導(dǎo)致睡眠問題。故選B項。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)七選五Italyisshapedlikeaboot.AncientRomewasoneoftheworld’smostpowerfulempiresmorethan2，000yearsago.TheRomans’ideasaboutroads,laws,governmentandbuildingsstillinfluenceustoday.TheColosseuminRomewasbuiltduringthetimeoftheRomanEmpire,inthefirstcenturyA．D.1.________Itisapopulartouristattracti