2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國英語統(tǒng)一考試模擬演練八省聯(lián)考解析

2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試模擬演練英語第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANon-CreditCoursesThePre-CollegeProgramoffersnon-creditcourses.Studentswillexperiencecollege-levelcoursesgivenbysomeofourcollege'sleadingexpertsandwillreceivewrittenfeedback（反饋）ontheirworkattheendofthecourse.Pre-CollegestudentswillalsoreceiveagradeofSatisfactory/Unsatisfactoryandacertificateofcompletionattheconclusionoftheprogram.Allnon-creditcoursesmeetfrom9:00a.m.-11:30a.m.dailyandmayhaveadditionalrequirementsintheafternoonsorevenings.COURSE:CaseStudiesinNeuroscienceJune11-July2LeahRoeschUsingstudent-centered,active-learningmethodsandreal-worldexamples,thiscourseisdesignedtoprovideafullerunderstandingofhowthehumanbrainworks.COURSE:PsychologyofCreativityJune15-June28MarshallDukeWhyarecertainpeoplesocreative?Isitgenetic（遺傳的），oraresultofchildhoodexperience?Aretheydifferentfromeveryoneelse?Thispopularpsychologycoursehighlightsthedifferenttheoriesofcreativity.COURSE:CreativeStorytellingJune21-July3EdithFreniThiscollege-levelcourseincreativestorytellingfunctionsasanintroductiontoavarietyofstorytellingtechniquesthatappearindifferentformsofcreativewriting,suchasshortfictionandplaywriting.COURSE:SportsEconomicsJuly19-August1ChristinaDePasqualeInthiscoursewewillanalyzemanyinterestingaspectsofthesportsindustry:sportsleagues,ticketpricing,salarynegotiations,discrimination,andNCAApoliciestonameafew.21.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Thegeneralpublic. B.Collegefreshmen.C.Educationalexperts. D.Highschoolstudents.22.WhichcoursecanyoutakeifyouarefreeonlyinJune?A.SportsEconomics. B.CreativeStorytelling.C.PsychologyofCreativity. D.CaseStudiesinNeuroscience.23.Whosecourseshouldyouchooseifyouareinterestedincreativewriting?A.LeahRoesch's. B.EdithFreni's.C.MarshallDuke's. D.ChristinaDePasquale's.【語篇導(dǎo)航】語篇主題語境話題體裁詞數(shù)閱讀理解A人與s社會(huì)/文化四種大學(xué)預(yù)科非學(xué)分課程應(yīng)用文239+71=301【背景知識(shí)】介紹為大學(xué)預(yù)科生提供的四種非學(xué)分課程：CaseStudiesinNeuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)案例研究）；PsychologyofCreativity（創(chuàng)造力心理學(xué)）；CreativeStorytelling（創(chuàng)造性講故事）；SportsEconomics（體育經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)）?！菊Z篇解讀】關(guān)鍵詞：non-creditcourse,pre-collegestudentfunction2.文章大意：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，本文介紹為大學(xué)預(yù)科生提供的四種非學(xué)分課程：CaseStudiesinNeuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)案例研究）；PsychologyofCreativity（創(chuàng)造力心理學(xué)）；CreativeStorytelling（創(chuàng)造性講故事）；SportsEconomics（體育經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)）以及課程的開設(shè)時(shí)間，導(dǎo)師和研究?jī)?nèi)容。3.語篇結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分具體信息第一、二段引出文章主題，即非學(xué)分課程的基本情況及具體授課時(shí)段。第三段CaseStudiesinNeuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)案例研究）的研究?jī)?nèi)容、導(dǎo)師和時(shí)間。第四段PsychologyofCreativity（創(chuàng)造力心理學(xué)）的研究?jī)?nèi)容、導(dǎo)師和時(shí)間。第五段CreativeStorytelling（創(chuàng)造性講故事）的研究?jī)?nèi)容、導(dǎo)師和時(shí)間。第六段SportsEconomics（體育經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)）的研究?jī)?nèi)容、導(dǎo)師和時(shí)間?！菊Z言知識(shí)】重難點(diǎn)詞leadingadj頂尖的；最重要的certificaten證書highlightv強(qiáng)調(diào)theoryn理論discriminationn歧視freshmann新生短語積累Non-creditcourse非學(xué)分課程Pre-Collegestudent大學(xué)預(yù)科生bedesignedto被設(shè)計(jì)為functionas起作用inthedifferentformof以不同的形式3.長難句分析（1~2句）①Thiscollege-levelcourseincreativestorytellingfunctionsasanintroductiontoavarietyofstorytellingtechniquesthatappearindifferentformsofcreativewriting,suchasshortfictionandplaywriting.（第四段第一句）分析：這個(gè)長句子里面包含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句thatappearindifferentformsofcreativewriting,suchasshortfictionandplay-writing.。譯文：大學(xué)水平的課程具有創(chuàng)造性講故事的功能，它介紹了各種不同形式的創(chuàng)造性寫作中出現(xiàn)的講故事的技巧，比如短篇小說和劇本寫作?！敬鸢冈斀狻緿細(xì)節(jié)理解題【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Pre-CollegestudentswillalsoreceiveagradeofSatisfactory/Unsatisfactoryandacertificateofcompletionattheconclusionoftheprogram.”，譯文：“大學(xué)預(yù)科的學(xué)生也將得到滿意/不滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)，并在項(xiàng)目結(jié)束時(shí)獲得結(jié)業(yè)證書?！辈⒔Y(jié)合該段內(nèi)容可知，該短文是為大學(xué)預(yù)科生，即將進(jìn)入大學(xué)的高中生設(shè)計(jì)的。故選D。C細(xì)節(jié)理解題【解題思路】根據(jù)四個(gè)非學(xué)分課程的時(shí)間安排及第四段PsychologyofCreativity（創(chuàng)造力心理學(xué)）課程的時(shí)間：June15-June28可知。故選C。23.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題【解題思路】根據(jù)第五段“.Thiscollege-levelcourseincreativestorytellingfunctionsasanintroductiontoavarietyofstorytellingtechniquesthatappearindifferentformsofcreativewriting,suchasshortfictionandplaywriting”，可知，如果對(duì)creativewriting感興趣,應(yīng)該選擇EdithFreni的課程。故選B。BInmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureoutdifferentwaystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet.Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.Itiscalculatedbytheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceinourdailylives.Fortunately,nowadaysitismucheasiertomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoicesthan,let’ssay,20yearsago.Butonequestionhasbeenonmymindalotlately:isitbettertobuyneweco-friendlyproductsorusedtraditionallyproducedgoods?Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ihavedecidedthatsomethingsarebetternewandothersarebetterused.Letmetrytoexplain.Acarbonfootprintismadeupoftwoparts,theprimaryfootprintandthesecondaryfootprint.Theprimaryfootprintisameasureofourdirectemissions（卻E放）ofcarbondioxide（CO2）fromtheburningoffuels,includinghouseholdenergyconsumptionandtransportation.ThesecondaryfootprintisameasureoftheindirectCO2emissionsfromthewholelife-cycleofproductsweuse一thoserelatedtotheirproductionandbreakdown.Basedonthisunderstanding,wehaveagooddealofcontrolandresponsibilityoverourcarbonfootprint.Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe"'secondaryfootprint"group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.However,forthecarandtheotherappliances（設(shè)備）thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.Iheardsomewherethatelectronicsandappliancesgiveoff90%oftheircarbonfootprintaftertheyleavethefactory.Soitseemsmostreasonabletogofortheenergy-savingmodels.Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.24.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatappliancestobuytosaveenergy.B.Whatacarbonfootprintmeansinourlife.C.Howtoidentifydifferentcarbonfootprints.D.Howtomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoices.25.Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondarycarbonfootprint?A.Itisrelatedtoourconsumptionoffuels.B.Itismadewhenwearebuyingtheproducts.C.Itislessharmfulthantheprimarycarbonfootprint.D.Itiscountedasoursthoughnotdirectlymadebyus.26.Whichofthefollowinghelpsreduceourcarbonfootprintaccordingtotheauthor?A.Usingsecond-handtextbooks.B.Usingoldandexpensivecars.C.Buyingnewbutcheapclothes.D.Buyingnewwoodenfurniture.27.“Thefootprint”underlinedinthelastsentencereferstotheCO2producedin .A.usingtheproduct B.recyclingtheproductC.makingtheproduct D.transportingtheproduct【語篇導(dǎo)航】語篇主題語境話題體裁詞數(shù)閱讀理解B人與自然/環(huán)境保護(hù)減少碳足跡，選擇更好的生活方式說明文330+142=472【背景知識(shí)】作者正在尋找減少生活中的碳足跡的方法：新型環(huán)保產(chǎn)品和使用過的傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，哪一種更能減少碳足跡呢？通過研究和對(duì)比，找到了答案：他們各有好處?！菊Z篇解讀】關(guān)鍵詞：footprint,eco-friendlylifestyle,energy-saving文章大意：本文是說明文，作者一直努力減少生活中的碳足跡的方法，以便選擇環(huán)保的生活方式語篇結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分具體信息第一、二段引出文章主題，尋求方法，減少碳足跡對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，保護(hù)環(huán)境。第三段了解碳足跡的組成。第四段提出減少碳足跡的做法?！菊Z言知識(shí)】重難點(diǎn)詞measuren衡量；尺寸；措施；度量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；限量calculatev計(jì)算primaryadj?最重要的；基本的life-cyclen生命周期，生命循環(huán),生活過程consumptionn消費(fèi),消耗breakdownn損壞；故障短語積累figureout弄清楚haveaninfluenceon對(duì).......的影響bemadeupof由.......組成bebasedon以......為基礎(chǔ)giveoff釋放長難句分析（1~2句）①Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.（第一段第二句）分析：這個(gè)長句子里面包含的有省略that的一個(gè)定語從句“themeasureofinfluence（that）ouractivitieshaveontheenvironment”譯文：碳足印是衡量我們的活動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境，特別是對(duì)氣候變化的影響。②Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.（第四段最后一句）分析：and連接的并列句，and并列前面的句子里有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句，and后面的是由引導(dǎo)whetherornot的表語從句，表語從句里包含一個(gè)定語從句(that)theproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.該定語從句里還包含一個(gè)狀語從句onceitgetstoyou譯文：這里主要關(guān)注的是制造新產(chǎn)品所需要的能量，以及這些額外的碳是否值得這些產(chǎn)品一旦到達(dá)你手中所產(chǎn)生的碳足跡?！敬鸢冈斀狻緿主旨大意題【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第一句和第四句一句“Inmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureoutdifferentwaystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet...,Fortunately,nowadaysitismucheasiertomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoicesthan,let’ssay,20yearsago.”作者開篇提出：為了選擇環(huán)保生活方式，作者在尋找方法減少碳足跡。可知，文章主要是關(guān)于怎樣選擇更環(huán)保的生活方式的。故選D。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段最后一句“ThesecondaryfootprintisameasureoftheindirectCO2emissionsfromthewholelifescycleofproductsweuse一thoserelatedtotheirproductionandbreakdown”，意思是“二次碳足跡是衡量我們使用的產(chǎn)品在整個(gè)生命周期中產(chǎn)生的間接二氧化碳排放量”可知，二次碳足跡指的是我們使用的產(chǎn)品釋放出來的那些，不是我們直接產(chǎn)生的。故選D。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe"'secondaryfootprint"group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.”可知，二手書是屬于和衣服等可以二次使用的物品，符合題意。故選B。A詞義猜測(cè)題【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段“Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.”意思是“這里主要關(guān)注的是制造新產(chǎn)品所需要的能量，以及這些額外的碳是否值得這些產(chǎn)品一旦到達(dá)你手中所產(chǎn)生的碳足跡?！笨芍?，footprint在其后定語從句theproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou充當(dāng)make的賓語，意思是“這種碳足跡就是產(chǎn)品到你手里之后，你使用中所產(chǎn)生的”。由此推知，劃線詞組thefootprint指的是“產(chǎn)品使用過程中產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳”。故選A。cMagicisaformofentertainmentthatisbasedonpretendingtodothingsthatareimpossible.Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.Hetriestomaketheaudiencebelievethathehasthepowertodothingswhichareagainstthelawsofnature.Magicshowsareentertainingaslongastheaudiencedoesnotdiscoverhowthetricksaredone.Themagicianusuallydependsonhisskillwithhishands,onhisknowledgeofpsychology,and,sometimes,onmechanicaldevices（機(jī)械裝置）.Sincemagicperformanceismeanttotrickpeople,theuseofpsychologyisimportant.Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthemovementsofhishandsandfromthinkingaboutthesecretpartsofhisequipment.Hemustalsoleadtheaudiencetodrawfalseconclusions.Themagician’ssuccessdependsonthefactthatmanythingsseenbytheeyearenotthethingsthatmatter.Twobasicmagictricksaremakingobjectsseemtoappearandmakingobjectsseemtodisappear.Acombinationofthesetwotricksmakesforsomeinterestingeffects.Forexample,themagicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveralcups.Theballthenseemstojumpfromonecuptoanotherortochangecolour.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagician,employingquickhandmovementsoramechanicaldevice,hidesoneball.Whiledoingthishetalkstotheaudienceandwavesabrightlycolouredclothwithonehand.Theaudienceistoobusywatchingtheclothandlisteningtothemagician5swordstonoticethathisotherhandishidingtheball.Anotherfavouritetrickistocutorbumsomething,andthenmakeitappearwholeagain.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagicianmakesthecutorburnedobjectdisappearbyquicklyhidingitwhiletheaudiencewatchessomethingelse.Thenhe"magically"makesitappearwholeagainbydisplaying（展示）anotherobjectthathasnotbeencutorburned.28.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromoteamagicshow. B.Toteachpeopletobemagicians.C.Toexplaintheartofmagic. D.Topraisethetalentsofmagicians.29.Whichofthefollowingisimportantforasuccessfulmagictrick?A.Movingstageequipment. B.Directingtheaudience'sattention.C.Applyinghightechnology. D.Keepingtheperformanceinsecret.30.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Providingexamples.B.Makingasummary.C.Drawingcomparisons.D.Explainingaconcept.31.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Mechanicaldevicesareexpensive.B.Mostmagiciansemployassistants.C.Ittakespracticetoperformmagic.D.Smallobjectsaremagicians5favourite.【語篇導(dǎo)航】語篇主題語境話題TL指數(shù)體裁詞數(shù)閱讀理解C人與社會(huì)/社會(huì)服務(wù)與人際溝通魔術(shù)表演技巧說明文333+124=457【素材來源】本文選自《科學(xué)》雜志（ScienceMagazine）。網(wǎng)址：/news/2015/02/why-you-should-throw-out-your-old-tv?【背景知識(shí)】魔術(shù)是以不斷變化讓人捉摸不透并帶給觀眾驚奇體驗(yàn)為核心的一種表演藝術(shù)，是制造奇妙的藝術(shù)。更簡(jiǎn)單地說，它是一種違反客觀規(guī)律的表演。魔術(shù)是依據(jù)科學(xué)的原理，運(yùn)用特制的道具，巧妙綜合視覺傳達(dá)、心理學(xué)、化學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、物理學(xué)、刑偵學(xué)、表演學(xué)等不同科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的高智慧的表演藝術(shù)。抓住人們好奇、求知心理的特點(diǎn)，制造出種種讓人不可思議、變幻莫測(cè)的現(xiàn)象，從而達(dá)到以假亂真的藝術(shù)效果?！菊Z篇解讀】關(guān)鍵詞：magic；magicshows；magictricks；文章大意：本文是一篇社科類說明文，文章介紹魔術(shù)這一娛樂形式。主要講了魔術(shù)的一些要領(lǐng)和技巧，并舉出了一些例子，介紹了兩種基本的魔術(shù)技巧和最受歡迎的一種魔術(shù)把戲。語篇結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分具體信息第一段引出文章主題，即魔術(shù)是一種娛樂形式。第二段介紹成功的魔術(shù)師的表演要求。第三段介紹兩種基本的魔術(shù)技巧：讓東西出現(xiàn)或消失。第四段介紹最受歡迎的魔術(shù)把戲：切割或消失的物體再次整體出現(xiàn)。【語言知識(shí)】重難點(diǎn)詞entertainingadj.有趣的mechanicaladj.機(jī)械的equipmentn.設(shè)備conclusions?n.結(jié)論combinationn.結(jié)合magicallyadv.神奇地短語積累bebasedon建立在......的基礎(chǔ)上againstthelawsofnature違背自然法則aslongas只要dependon依靠bemeantto用來做......drawfalseconclusions得出錯(cuò)誤結(jié)論長難句分析（1~2句）①Hetriestomaketheaudiencebelievethathehasthepowertodothingswhichareagainstthelawsofnature.（第一段第三句）分析：這個(gè)長句子里面包含的有賓語狀語從句和定語從句。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作believe的賓語；which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞名詞things。譯文：他試圖讓觀眾相信他有能力做違背自然法則的事情。②Magicshowsareentertainingaslongastheaudiencedoesnotdiscoverhowthetricksaredone.（第二段第一句）分析：這個(gè)長句子里面包含的有條件狀語從句和賓語從句。aslongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意思為“只要”；how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作動(dòng)詞discover的賓語。譯文：只要觀眾不知道魔術(shù)是怎么玩的，魔術(shù)表演就是很有趣的。③Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagician,employingquickhandmovementsoramechanicaldevice,hidesoneball.（第三段第五句）分析：這個(gè)長句子里面包含的有主語從句、表語從句還有現(xiàn)在分詞。what引導(dǎo)主語從句；that引導(dǎo)表語從句；employingquickhandmovementsoramechanicaldevice則是現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語用，用雙逗號(hào)隔開，放在句子中間，把themagicianhidesoneball這個(gè)句子的主語和謂語隔開。譯文：實(shí)際上發(fā)生的是，魔術(shù)師，利用快速的手部動(dòng)作或者機(jī)械裝置，隱藏一個(gè)球。【答案詳解】C 寫作目的題【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第一句“Magicisaformofentertainment…”以及第二段第一句“Magicshowsareentertaining...”可知，魔術(shù)這一娛樂方式是有趣的；第三段和第四段則是具體舉例子說明了魔術(shù)的幾種技巧；綜合全文可知，這是在介紹魔術(shù)這門藝術(shù)。故選C。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第四句“Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthemovementsofhishandsandfromthinkingaboutthesecretpartsofhisequipment.”可知，魔術(shù)師必須防止人們注意到他手的所有動(dòng)作，不讓人們想到他設(shè)備的秘密部分。B選項(xiàng)Directingtheaudience'sattention.意思為“引導(dǎo)觀眾的注意力”，意思相符合。故選B。A寫作手法題【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句“Twobasicmagictricksaremakingobjectsseemtoappearandmakingobjectsseemtodisappear.”以及第四段第一句“Anotherfavouritetrickistocutorbumsomething,andthenmakeitappearwholeagain.”可知，作者在這兩段通過舉例子說明魔術(shù)的兩種主要技巧，進(jìn)一步說明魔術(shù)這一藝術(shù)形式。故選A。C推理判斷題【解題思路】作者開篇提出觀點(diǎn)：魔術(shù)是一種娛樂形式，它建立在假裝做一些不可能的事情的基礎(chǔ)上。緊接著又說明魔術(shù)師是受過特殊訓(xùn)練的演員。他試圖讓觀眾相信他有能力做違背自然法則的事情。之后又用第二段詳細(xì)講了魔術(shù)師成功的秘訣。這幾個(gè)地方都講到了成功的魔術(shù)表演需要特殊訓(xùn)練以及其他許多綜合素質(zhì)。由此可推斷出魔術(shù)表演需要訓(xùn)練，故選C。DTheaveragebear,itseems,isgettingeversmarter.First,itturnedoutthatatleastonecanuseacomb.Nowitappearsthatsomecancount,too.JenniferVonk,ofOaklandUniversity,inMichigan,andMichaelBeran,fromGeorgiaStateUniversity,setthreeAmericanblackbearsthetaskofdistinguishingbetweennumericallylargerandsmallergroupsofdots（點(diǎn)）onacomputerscreen.Inreturnforafoodrewardonebear,Brutus,wouldtouchthemoreheavilydottedpatternwithhisnose.Theothers,BellaandDusty,wouldtouchthescreenwiththeirclaws（爪子）.AstheresearchersreportinAnimalBehavior,thebearsdidbestwithpatternswherethecoloureddotsdidnotmoveandwheremoreofthemalsotookupalargercolouredarea.Thiscouldbeexplainedbythebears5distinguishingthedifferentareasofcolourratherthantrulycountingthedots.However,thethreebearsmanagedtopickoutthebiggernumberofdotseveninpairsofpatternswherefewerdotstookupalargerarea.Movingpatterns,whereeachdotfolloweditsownpatharoundthescreen,weremoreofachallenge.ButBrutus,atleast,wasnotdefeated.Heseemedtobecountingmobiledotsevenwhenthescientiststriedtomisleadhimbymovingthetotalcolouredareaofthedotsatthesametime.Itisnotentirelysurprisingthatbearsshouldhaveahighdegreeofintelligence.Theyfacealotofchallengeswhentryingtogetfood.Theyare,however,alwaysalone,andsodonothavethecomplexsocialsystemsthatcontributetoanimalsmarts.Perhaps,then,theirmathsskilldevelopedbecausetheycannotcountontheirfriendsforhelp.Whattaskdidthescientistssetforthethreebears?Distinguishingdifferentdotpatterns.Figuringoutdifferentcoloursofdots.Puttingthedotsintodifferentlycolouredgroups.Pickingoutthegroupwithalargernumberofdots.Forthebears,thetaskwaseasierwhen .A.thecoloureddotsweremovingslowly B.thedotpatternswereregularinshapethedotsfollowedapathonthescreen D.moredotscoveredalargercolouredareaWhatmayexplainthebears5highdegreeofintelligence?A.Theylearnskillsfromotheranimals.B.Theyfacelifechallengesontheirown.C.TheyfeedonadiverserangeoffoodD.Theyhavecomplexsocialnetworks.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BearsTaughttoDistinguishColoursB.NewEvidenceofBearIntelligenceFoundC.ThreeBearsLearnedHowtoCountD.TheSmartestAmericanBlackBearBrutus【語篇導(dǎo)航】語篇主題語境話題TL指數(shù)體裁詞數(shù)閱讀理解D人與自然/環(huán)境保護(hù)熊的智商實(shí)驗(yàn)說明文291+151=442【素材來源】本文選自美國《科學(xué)》雜志（ScienceMagazine）。網(wǎng)址：/news/2015/02/why-you-should-throw-out-your-old-tv?【背景知識(shí)】黑熊的智商是人智商三歲時(shí)的樣子。黑熊的智商和人類三歲的孩子很像。熊整個(gè)身體器官、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)是shu高等哺乳動(dòng)物，狗熊智商在食肉動(dòng)物是非常好的。當(dāng)然還是不能和靈長類動(dòng)物相比。

熊家庭成員體型差別較大，塊頭有大有小。一般的是北極熊（540千克），棕熊最大（1000/100千克），然后是美洲黑熊（約450千克）、亞洲黑熊（約150千克）、懶熊（140千克）、眼鏡熊（約175千克）、馬來熊（約45千克）。美洲黑熊:是北美洲體型型最小，也是非常普遍的熊。居住在北美森林帶和墨西哥。美洲黑熊分布在加拿大及美國中部和東部的森林?！菊Z篇解讀】關(guān)鍵詞：getsmarter；patterns；pickout；count；haveahighdegreeofintelligence；文章大意：本文是一篇科普說明文，文章講的是關(guān)于熊的實(shí)驗(yàn)，根據(jù)科學(xué)家的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，證明其也有一定智商，是一種高智商動(dòng)物。語篇結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分具體信息第一段引出文章主題，即熊變得越來越聰明。第二段介紹美洲黑熊區(qū)分?jǐn)?shù)值大小的實(shí)驗(yàn)。第三段介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果：熊能挑出數(shù)量更多的點(diǎn)。第四段介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)過程：黑熊在計(jì)算可移動(dòng)的點(diǎn)。第五段得出結(jié)論：黑熊有較高的智商?！菊Z言知識(shí)】重難點(diǎn)詞distinguish?v.區(qū)分numericallyadv.數(shù)量上coloured?adj.有顏色的defeatv打敗misleadv誤導(dǎo)complexadj復(fù)雜的短語積累inreturn?作為回報(bào)takeup?占據(jù)pickout?挑出contributeto促進(jìn)counton依靠長難句分析（1~2句）①AstheresearchersreportinAnimalBehavior,thebearsdidbestwithpatternswherethecoloureddotsdidnotmoveandwheremoreofthemalsotookupalargercolouredarea.（第三段第一句）分析：這個(gè)長句子里面包含的有三個(gè)的定語從句。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，意為“正如......”；where引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞名詞patterns，后面一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)一個(gè)并列的定語從句。譯文：正如研究人員在動(dòng)物行為方面所報(bào)告的那樣，在有色點(diǎn)不移動(dòng)的地方，以及更多的點(diǎn)占據(jù)更大的有色區(qū)域的地方，北極熊做得最好。②Itisnotentirelysurprisingthatbearsshouldhaveahighdegreeofintelligence..（第五段第一句）分析：這是個(gè)主語從句。It放句首，用作形式主語，代替后面that引導(dǎo)的主語從句譯文：熊會(huì)有高度的智力，這并不完全令人驚訝。【答案詳解】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“JenniferVonk,ofOaklandUniversity,inMichigan,andMichaelBeran,fromGeorgiaStateUniversity,setthreeAmericanblackbearsthetaskofdistinguishingbetweennumericallylargerandsmallergroupsofdotsonacomputerscreen.(密歇根州奧克蘭大學(xué)的JenniferVonk和喬治亞州立大學(xué)的MichaelBeran給三只美國黑熊設(shè)定了一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，即在電腦屏幕上區(qū)分?jǐn)?shù)字上較大和較小的點(diǎn)組)”可知，科學(xué)家們給這三只熊安排的任務(wù)是區(qū)分不同的點(diǎn)的模式。故選A項(xiàng)。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AstheresearchersreportinAnimalBehaviorthebearsdidbestwithpatternswherethecoloureddotsdidnotmoveandwheremoreofthemalsotookupalargercolouredarea.(正如研究人員在《動(dòng)物行為》雜志上所報(bào)告的那樣，熊最擅長的圖案是那些彩色的點(diǎn)不移動(dòng)，而且更多的點(diǎn)占據(jù)了更大的彩色區(qū)域)”可知，熊是靠顏色所占據(jù)的面積進(jìn)行區(qū)別的熊最擅長的圖案是被更多的點(diǎn)覆蓋的更大的彩色區(qū)域。故選D項(xiàng)。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第一句“Itisnotentirelysurprisingthatbearsshouldhaveahighdegreeofintelligence.Theyfacealotofchallengeswhentryingtogetfood.(熊擁有高度的智力并不完全令人驚訝。他們?cè)讷@取食物時(shí)面臨著很多挑戰(zhàn))；再根據(jù)最后一段最后一段最后兩句...donothavecomplexsocialsystem...cannotcountontheirfriendsforhelp.熊是獨(dú)居生物，沒有復(fù)雜的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，技能正是因?yàn)闆]有朋友可以求援才發(fā)展的?！笨芍艿母咧巧瘫憩F(xiàn)在它們獨(dú)自面對(duì)生活的挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。B標(biāo)題判斷題。本文介紹了一些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，為證明熊是一種高智商動(dòng)物提供了證據(jù);文章的總結(jié)性語句是在最后一段，結(jié)論是研究證實(shí)熊具有一定的智商所以文章標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“發(fā)現(xiàn)了證明熊智力的新證據(jù)”。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選岀可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Apps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,communicatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.36Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.Learnfromdiversesources(notjustapps)Anyseasonedlanguagelearnerwilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdiversesources(來源)ofinformation,fromnewspapersandbookstoTVradio,musicandevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimityourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?37EstablishyourpurposeandplanyourhabitsDoyouwanttobefluentinweeksorareyouinitforthebraintraining?Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable.38Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyoursafeandregularreturn.Makeitsocial39Imeansocialforreal.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportfromJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Bookaweekawayandattendalanguageschool.Justdon5tforgetyourphone!IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofapp,languageschool,Jim,eveningsout,andachoicebookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.40Irecommendit.Rememberthatanappisjustatool.No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit語篇導(dǎo)航主題語境話題TL指數(shù)體裁詞數(shù)人與自我/生活與學(xué)習(xí)語言學(xué)習(xí)的應(yīng)用程序43說明文259+62=321答案速查GEFCA背景知識(shí)人們利用應(yīng)用程序（Apps）學(xué)習(xí)語言正變得越來越流行。學(xué)習(xí)者在任何時(shí)候、任何地方都可以非常方便地在移動(dòng)設(shè)備上學(xué)習(xí)。最好的語言應(yīng)用程序具有高度的直觀性，交互性和適應(yīng)性，吸引人們學(xué)習(xí)來提升語言技能。結(jié)構(gòu)劃分本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在下載語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序之前，應(yīng)該考慮向各種來源學(xué)習(xí)而不僅僅是Apps、建立目標(biāo)并計(jì)劃習(xí)慣、使語言學(xué)習(xí)社交化三方面的內(nèi)容。結(jié)構(gòu)劃分具體信息第一段總體介紹正確使用語言應(yīng)用程序才能使人們受益。第二段介紹了應(yīng)該向各種資源學(xué)習(xí)語言而不僅僅是應(yīng)用程序。第三段優(yōu)秀的應(yīng)用程序會(huì)進(jìn)行自我調(diào)整，幫助學(xué)習(xí)者形成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。第四段真正的社交有助于語言學(xué)習(xí)。第五段多種方式的結(jié)合，包括使用應(yīng)用程序，被證明學(xué)習(xí)語言是有效的。試題詳解1G考查過渡句。[解析]空格前講的是“應(yīng)用程序在生活的各個(gè)方面使人受益”，空后說“下載語言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用之前，應(yīng)該考慮以下事項(xiàng)”，G項(xiàng)的However，youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.“然而，您需要知道如何正確使用它們才能真正受益?！背猩蠁⑾拢险Z境。故選G。2E考查邏輯關(guān)系。[解析]本段的標(biāo)題是：從多種來源學(xué)習(xí)，不僅僅是應(yīng)用程序，而且空前說“在使用母語時(shí)，您會(huì)把自己只限制在一種媒體中嗎?”，E項(xiàng)Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?中的inyournewlanguage和空格前的inyournativelanguage想對(duì)照，符合語境。故選E。3F考查邏輯關(guān)系。[解析]本段的標(biāo)題是：建立目標(biāo)并計(jì)劃習(xí)慣，根據(jù)空格前的“優(yōu)秀的應(yīng)用程序旨在幫助你適應(yīng)時(shí)間表內(nèi)的學(xué)習(xí)”的內(nèi)容以及空格后的“因?yàn)槌晒Φ仞B(yǎng)成習(xí)慣可確保您安全定期返回，所以這些應(yīng)用程序可鼓勵(lì)養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣”，而F項(xiàng)的Thebestapps回應(yīng)了前文的Thegoodapps和空格后的Theseapps,是解題的關(guān)鍵。故得出答案為F。4C考查邏輯關(guān)系。[解析]空格后表示“我的意思是真正的社交”，而C項(xiàng)No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline，表示“不，我的意思不是要在線發(fā)布您的進(jìn)度”承接下文，符合語境。故選C。5A考查邏輯關(guān)系。[解析]根據(jù)前文中“IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofapp,languageschool,Jim,eveningsout,andachoicebookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.”的意思“如果我能真誠地說，應(yīng)用程序，語言學(xué)校，Jim，晚上出去玩，以及選擇一本兩本書的結(jié)合被證明是非常有效的”可知這是作者心目中最優(yōu)組合，A項(xiàng)的Irecommendit.“我推薦它”內(nèi)容承接上文，符合語境。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThishappenedwhenIwasten.OnanormalSunday,IwenttothebarbershopwhereIalwayswent.Thatday,alongwiththebarbertherewasanassistant,whohadrecently41theshop.SoIsatforthehaircut.Theuncleaskedmehow42Iwantedit.Ianswered,"Justdoasmydadhad43youthelasttime.”Hesmiled.Beforestartingthe44，headded,“WhatifIkeepitlong?”I45hewasjoking.SoIjokedtoo.Isaid,Ican't46whatwouldhappentoyourshopthen!"ThemomentIsaidit,theassistant47frombehind.“Howdaredoyousaythat!Whoareyoutotakeusdown,eh?”IadmitIwastoo48atthatmomentandtheunclestandingbesidemewasgivingmean49look.Fromthatdayon,I50stoppedjokingaboutanyone,sprofessionandworks.Itisoneofthemost51incidentsinmylife,whichtaughtmeto52theprofessionandworksofaperson,nomatterhow53theyare.I'm54thattheassistantrespondedinawaythatmademerethinkthepowerofmywords.Wordsdomakea55.41.A.leftB.openedC.joinedD.visited42.A.muchB.longC.oftenD.soon43.A.instructedB.invitedC.promisedD.convinced44.A.discussionB.journeyC.trainingD.haircut45.A.agreedB.heardC.hopedD.knew46.A.forgetB.tolerateC.guaranteeD.understand47.A.urgedB.shoutedC.laughedD.helped48.A.angryB.proudC.scaredD.curious49.A.anxiousB.appealingC.encouragingD.awkward50.A.suddenlyB.completelyC.temporarilyD.regularly51.A.importantB.excitingC.strangeD.interesting52.A.learnB.enterC.changeD.respect53.A.hardB.smallC.goodD.complex54.A.sorryB.confidentC.gratefulD.embarrassed55.A.differenceB.mistakeC.choiceD.joke【語篇導(dǎo)航】語篇主題語境話題TL指數(shù)體裁詞數(shù)完形填空人與社會(huì)人際交往中的言語得體問題記敘文215【素材來源】【背景知識(shí)】在人際交往中,語言是不可或缺的重要工具。任何夸大其詞，或是不看對(duì)象，詞不達(dá)意，都會(huì)妨礙相互間的交流。而恰如其分，文明禮貌的語言則使人真誠相待，和睦相處，有利于建立友善的人際關(guān)系，贏得別人的了解和信任。這就要求我們?cè)谌穗H交往中，第一，注意對(duì)象，掌握分寸；第二，適應(yīng)場(chǎng)合，用語得當(dāng)；第三，結(jié)合語境，講究目的；第四，謙敬禮貌，隨機(jī)應(yīng)變?！菊Z篇解讀】關(guān)鍵詞incident；words；respect文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者一次理發(fā)時(shí)，跟理發(fā)師開了個(gè)不合適的玩笑，引起了一場(chǎng)小誤會(huì)的事情。文章結(jié)尾作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了語言在交流中的重要性。語篇結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分具體信息第一段講述作者小時(shí)候去常去的理發(fā)店理發(fā)，發(fā)現(xiàn)來了一位新店員。第二-六段講述誤會(huì)發(fā)生的過程。理發(fā)師叔叔和作者互相開玩笑，新來的店員因誤會(huì)了作者的話而生氣，造成了尷尬的局面。第七、八段作者通過這次誤會(huì)，了解到了語言的力量，以后不再隨便開玩笑了?！菊Z言知識(shí)】重難點(diǎn)詞assistantn.助理;助手;幫手instructv.指示;命令;教授；指導(dǎo);通知;告知admitv.承認(rèn);準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入;可容納appealv.n.懇求；呼吁；上訴；吸引toleratev.容許;容忍;忍受guaranteev.保證；擔(dān)保gratefuladj.感激的，感謝的embarrassedadj.尷尬的，窘迫的temporarilyadv.暫時(shí)地convincev.使確信，使信服短語積累atthatmoment 在那時(shí)inaway在某種程度上takesbdown打敗某人，擊垮某人，挫某人的銳氣makeadifference造成差別，有影響，起作用alongwithsb和某人一起fromthatdayon從那天起長難句分析①Itisoneofthemostimportantincidentsinmylife,whichtaughtmetorespecttheprofessionandworksofaperson,nomatterhowsmalltheyare.（第七段最后一句）分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，含which引導(dǎo)的定語從句和nomatterhow引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。譯文：這是我生命中最重要的事件之一，它教會(huì)了我要尊重別人的職業(yè)和成果，不管這些是多么的微不足道。②I'mgratefulthattheassistantrespondedinawaythatmademerethinkthepowerofmywords.（第八段第一句）分析：本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，含that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾way。譯文：讓我很感激的是，這位店員用一種能夠讓我重新思考語言力量的方式回應(yīng)了我?！敬鸢冈斀狻緾考查動(dòng)詞辨析【解題思路】根據(jù)空前一句提到，那一天，和理發(fā)師一起的還有一位新店員，可知此空選join，即來理發(fā)店工作。故選C。B考查副詞辨析【解題思路】根據(jù)上文可知作者坐下等著理發(fā)，理發(fā)師叔叔問作者想剪多長的頭發(fā)。故選B。A考查動(dòng)詞辨析【解題思路】根據(jù)本句語境可知，作者想剪上次理發(fā)時(shí)他爸爸說的那個(gè)長度。instruct“指示;告知”。故選A。D考查名詞辨析【解題思路】本句意為在理發(fā)之前，理發(fā)師又說了什么話。故選D。D考查動(dòng)詞辨析【解題思路】后一句說“所以我也開玩笑”，可知本空為“我知道他在開玩笑”。故選D。C考查動(dòng)詞辨析【解題思路】作者開玩笑說，“我可不能保證你的店會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情”。guarantee“確保，保證”。故選C。B考查動(dòng)詞辨析【解題思路】根據(jù)下文可知店員聽了我的話生氣了，認(rèn)為我說的話不禮貌，所以是“shout”。故選B。A考查形容詞辨析【解題思路】聽了店員的話，作者也生氣了。氣氛很尷尬。故選A。D考查形容詞辨析【解題思路】根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的情景，可推斷理發(fā)師叔叔對(duì)于發(fā)生的情況感到很尷尬。awkward“尷尬的”。故選D。B考查副詞辨析【解題思路】本段主要描述了作者的感悟，以后再也不對(duì)別人的職業(yè)或者成果開玩笑了。故選B。A考查形容詞辨析【解題思路】下一句說作者學(xué)到了什么道理，所以“這是生命中很重要的事件之一”。故選A。D考查動(dòng)詞辨析【解題思路】根據(jù)這次事件，作者學(xué)會(huì)了不隨便開玩笑，要尊重別人。故選D。B考查形容詞辨析【解題思路】作者要尊重別人的職業(yè)或者成果，不管這些多么的微不足道。故選B。C考查形容詞辨析【解題思路】作者很感激店員生氣的反應(yīng)，讓自己重新思考語言的力量。grateful“感激的，感謝的?！惫蔬xC。A考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析【解題思路】本句意為語言確實(shí)在交流中起作用，makeadifference“有影響起作用”，符合語境。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。語篇導(dǎo)航主題語境話題TL指數(shù)體裁詞數(shù)人與自我/生活與學(xué)習(xí)介紹選擇大學(xué)48說明文211考點(diǎn)分布設(shè)空類型考查知識(shí)點(diǎn)考查次數(shù)無提示填空定語從句引導(dǎo)詞1冠詞1介詞1連詞1有提示填空副詞1形容詞2動(dòng)詞不定式1名詞所有格1介詞1Likemanyotherstudents,youmayhavevariouspeople,56(include)familymembersandfriends,givinginputonyourcollegedecision.Whilemanyofyourtrustedrelativesandpeers(同齡人)mayhavevery57(value)advicethatcanhelpyoutomakethedecision,finallythechoiceisyoursandyoursalone.Onlyyoucanfullyrealizewhichaspectsofacollegewillmakeyoutrulyhappyand58(satisfy),sokeepthatatthefrontofyourmind.Moreover,fullyconsidereachoption.Itcan