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中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解匯編練習(xí)試卷一、中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(含答案詳細(xì)解析)1.閱讀下列材料,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?
Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It'sthesocialproof(社會(huì)認(rèn)同感)thatworks.
ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines(A,B,C).Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermenentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects(實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象).
Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting(打獵)withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.
Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecapfulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".(1)Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby________.A.
tellingastory
B.
givingexamples
C.
answeringquestions
D.
showingamap(2)AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows________.A.
followingothersisalwaysright
B.
socialproofmaychangepeople'sideasC.
it'sdifficulttocarryouttheexperiment
D.
peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone(3)Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraphgrefersto________.A.
runningwithothers
B.
huntingwithfriendsC.
copyingothers'action
D.
doingsomethingdifferent(4)Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)that________.A.
it'simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.
productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.
wemustn'tcopyothers'actiontokeepsafeD.
weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers【答案】(1)B(2)B(3)C(4)D【解析】【分析】短文大意:這篇短文通過幾個(gè)實(shí)例說明了社會(huì)認(rèn)知感對(duì)人們的影響。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?可知作者是通過實(shí)例說明了一個(gè)論點(diǎn)社會(huì)認(rèn)同感的影響。故選B。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容主要講讓人們選擇一個(gè)正確答案,在一個(gè)人單獨(dú)思考的狀況下,可以答對(duì);當(dāng)一群人一起看問題,并告知他們前面的人選擇的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤答案,他們就都選擇認(rèn)可前人回答的錯(cuò)誤答案,由此可知社會(huì)認(rèn)同感會(huì)讓人改變觀點(diǎn)。故選B。(3)詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting(打獵)withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.
這種觀念深深種在我們的腦海中并且現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)耘f在使用??芍猧t指的是人們抄襲他人的行動(dòng)。故選C。(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".因此無論何時(shí)當(dāng)一個(gè)公司說它的產(chǎn)品是對(duì)受歡迎的要小心??芍?dāng)我們?cè)诟鷱膭e人之前要再三考慮。故選D?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文,了解短文大意,然后分析問題,弄清題意,再帶著問題閱讀短文,從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問題答案。對(duì)于推理判斷題要根據(jù)文章中相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行推理判斷,不要主觀臆斷,要根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)確定。2.閱讀理解
KwanzaaisacelebrationofAfricanAmericanhistoryandculture.ItbeginsonDecember26thandcontinuesuntilNewYear'sDay,January1st.
Duringthefestival,afamilymember,usuallytheyoungestchild,lightscandlesinaspecialcandleholder.Eachnightacandleislit.Traditionallytherearethreegreencandles,threeredcandlesandacentralblackcandle.TheyrepresentthesevenKwanzaaprinciples(原則).Theprinciplesarebelievedtoplayabigroleinbuildingstrong,successfulfamilies,neighborhoods,etc.Intheevenings,adultssharestoriesandexplainhowtofollowthesevenprinciplesindailylife.Onthesixthday,whichfallsonNewYear'sEve,familyandfriendsgettogethertoenjoyalargemeal.
Kyle,athirdgrader,wrotethisaboutKwanzaa,"WhenwecelebrateKwanzaa,wehavemanypeopleathome,lightthecandles,andhaveanicedinner.WelearnthemeaningofKwanzaaandrememberfamilymembers.Wesaysomethinggoodaboutthem.Lastyear,werememberedmygrandmother."
In1966,Dr.KarengacreatedKwanzaa.HewasstudyingthehistoryofAfricaatthattime.Dr.KarengawantedtocreateaholidaytobringAfricanAmericanstogetherandcelebratetheirhistoryandculture.Hecalledtheholiday"Kwanzaa".Infact,thenamecomesfromanAfricanlanguage,anditmeans"firstfruitsoftheharvest(收獲季節(jié))".(1)HowlongdoesthefestivalofKwanzaalasteveryyear?A.
Twodays.
B.
Threedays.
C.
Fivedays.
D.
Sevendays.(2)Whatcolorarethecandles?A.
Green,blackandred.
B.
Green,whiteandred.
C.
Green,blackandwhite.
D.
Black,whiteandred.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"represent"inParagraph2meaninChinese?A.
決定
B.
展示
C.
維護(hù)
D.
代表(4)WhodidKylerememberduringKwanzaalastyear?A.
Hisaunt.
B.
Hisfather.
C.
Hisgrandmother.
D.
Hisgrandfather.(5)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutKwanzaa?A.
Ithasahistoryofabout100years.
B.
ItsnamecomesfromanAfricanlanguage.C.
Itistocelebratethegoodharvestoftheyear.D.
Duringthefestival,there'sabigfamilydinnereachnight.
【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)D(4)C(5)B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了寬扎節(jié)的慶?;顒?dòng)以及它的由來。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)ItbeginsonDecember26thandcontinuesuntilNewYear'sDay,January1st可知,這個(gè)節(jié)日持續(xù)一周,故是7天,故選D。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Traditionallytherearethreegreencandles,threeredcandlesandacentralblackcandle可知,蠟燭有綠,紅,黑三種顏色,故選A。(3)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)TheyrepresentthesevenKwanzaaprinciples
可知他們指前面提到的三種顏色的七棵蠟燭,代表著寬扎節(jié)七個(gè)原則,故指代就是代表的意思,故選D。(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Lastyear,werememberedmygrandmother,可知?jiǎng)P爾記得去年寬扎節(jié)期間的祖母,故選C。(5)推理題。根據(jù)Infact,thenamecomesfromanAfricanlanguage,anditmeans“firstfruitsoftheharvest事實(shí)上,這個(gè)名字來自一種非洲語(yǔ)言,意思是“收獲的第一批果實(shí)”,可知它的名字來自一種非洲語(yǔ)言,故選B?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題,詞義猜測(cè)題,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案;推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息,詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。3.閱讀理解
Manypeoplemightthinkthatiftheyhadmoremoney,thentheywouldbehappierinlife.Forexample,peoplemightlookatwhatothershave,likeexpensiveclothesornicecars,andwishtheycouldhavethesame.Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.
①
Butisthatreallytrue?Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.
②
Instead,it'sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy,
③
Itcouldbebuyingahomelesspersonfoodtoeat.
④
Itcouldbegivingmoneytoapersoninneed.Justthinkaboutthelasttimeyouusedyourownmoneytodosomethingforsomeoneelse.Howdidyoufeel?Whetheritisasmallorlargeamountofmoney.Peoplefeelhappierwhentheygive.Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too.
ThisideaofconnectingyourhappinesstothehappinessofothersisdescribedasaubuntuinanAfricanlanguage.ThereisevenastoryaboutamanvisitingAfricawhoaskedsomekidstoracetoanearbytree.Myfirstchildtotouchthetreewouldgetasweettreat.Surprising,allthechildrenheldhandsandrantogether.Theyalltouchedthetreeatthesametime.Themanaskedwhytheyhaddonethis.Mychildrensimplysaidtheycouldonlyenjoyeatingthetreatifeveryonehadone.(1)Thewritersaysthatbuyingthings____________.A.
canmakepeopleworried
B.
canmakepeoplenervousC.
mayleadtosadnessforlong
D.
mayleadtohappinessforashorttime(2)Wherecanwebestput"Butitisnothavingmoneythatbringshappiness."inparagraph2?A.
①
B.
②
C.
③
D.
④(3)Whydoesthewriterquote(引用)astoryinparagraph3?A.
ToexplainAfricanslikesweets.
B.
Toshowexamplesarenotenough.C.
Tomakethewriter'sopinionclearer.
D.
Toexpresshappinessisfromchildren.(4)Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.
Buyingnewthingscanmakepeoplehappy.B.
Thekeytohappinessismakingothershappy.C.
Ifyouwanttobehappy,youcanvisitAfrica.D.
Peoplewhohavealotofmoneymightnotbehappy.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)C(4)B【解析】【分析】本文介紹了金錢的作用和如何運(yùn)用要金錢。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.但是金錢可以買到的東西不會(huì)給一個(gè)人帶來長(zhǎng)久的快樂,可知可能會(huì)帶來短暫的快樂,故選D。(2)推理題。根據(jù)Instead,it'sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy相反,是把錢給別人讓人們快樂,可知但是帶來幸福的不是錢
可以放在第二處,故選B。(3)推理題。根據(jù)第三段描述,可知引用故事是使作者的觀點(diǎn)更清楚,故選C。(4)主旨題。根據(jù)Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too這是因?yàn)樽寗e人快樂也會(huì)讓給予者快樂可知,作者試圖告訴我們快樂的關(guān)鍵是讓別人快樂,故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案;推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息,主旨題需要通讀全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。4.請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷句子正誤。
Hello,IamLinda.IamfromClass1,Grade7.MyChineseteacherisMissZhou.ShecomesfromShanghai.Sheisverythin.Shelikesreading.MymathteacherisMr.Chen.Heisstrong.Heisgoodatswimmingandrunning.MyEnglishteacherisMissLi.Shehaslonghair.Sheisfriendly.Shelikesplayingthepiano.Mr.WangteachesusPE.Heisverytall.Helikesplayingbasketballandvolleyballverymuch.Heoftenplaysvolleyballwithusontheplayground.(1)LindaisfromClass1,Grade7.(2)MissZhoucomesfromShanghai.(3)Mr.Chenisnotstrong.(4)MissLidoesn'thavelonghair.(5)Mr.Wanglikesplayingvolleyballverymuch.【答案】(1)1(2)1(3)0(4)0(5)1【解析】【分析】主要講了Linda介紹了自己的語(yǔ)文老師、數(shù)學(xué)老師、英語(yǔ)老師和體育老師。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)IamfromClass1,Grade7.可知Linda來自七年級(jí)一班,故選正確。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)MyChineseteacherisMissZhou.ShecomesfromShanghai.可知周老師來自上海,故選正確。(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)MymathteacherisMr.Chen.Heisstrong.可知陳老師是強(qiáng)壯的,故選錯(cuò)誤。(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)MyEnglishteacherisMissLi.Shehaslonghair.可知李老師長(zhǎng)著長(zhǎng)頭發(fā),故選錯(cuò)誤。(5)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Mr.WangteachesusPE.Heisverytall.Helikesplayingbasketballandvolleyballverymuch.可知王老師喜歡打籃球和排球,故選正確?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題,注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。5.閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出符合題意的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Mr.Smithistellingtwofunnystoriesofhispolicework.
StoryA
Iremembercatchinga"thief"inaclothesshoponce.Itwasstrange.Themanwashidingayellowsweaterinsidehiscoat.Ithoughthehadstolenit,soIcaughthim.Wefoundlaterthathiswifegavehimthesweaterforhisbirthday,buthehatedit.Hejustwantedtoreturnittotheshopformoney,buthedidn'twanthiswifetoseehim!Wesoonlethimgo.
StoryB
Anotherday,amancalledBobwentintoabankonSixthStreet.Hewroteonthebackofanenvelope,"Givemethemoney!OrI'llkillyou.Andgaveittothebankclerk.Shegavehim$100,000andthemanranaway.Thenwereceivedaphonecallfromthebankclerk.Shetoldustogototheman'shouseinCandyTownandgethim.Wecaughthimassoonashegotoutoftheelevator.Hecouldn'tbelievethatwefoundhimsoquickly.Wetoldhimthathisnameandaddresswereonthefrontoftheenvelopeheused!(1)WhatdoesMr.Smithdo?A.
Apoliceman.
B.
Abankclerk
C.
Athief
D.
Ateacher.(2)Mr.Smithcaughtthemanintheclothesshop
.A.
byexchange
B.
bychance
C.
bymistake
D.
byaccident(3)Whydidthemanwanttoreturnthesweatertotheshop?A.
Becausehedidn'twanthiswifetoseeit.B.
Becausehehatedit.C.
Becausehelikedmoneymorethanthesweater.D.
Becausehelikedmoneybest.(4)Bobwascaughtsoquicklybecause
.A.
thepolicehadgunsB.
hereceivedaphonecallfromthebankclerkC.
thepolicewaitedforhimoutsidetheelevatorD.
hisaddresswasfoundontheenvelopeheused(5)WhatdoyouthinkofBob?A.
Heisbrave
B.
Heiscareful
C.
Heiscareless
D.
Heisclever【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)B(4)D(5)C【解析】【分析】短文大意:這是一篇逸聞趣事類閱讀,主要介紹了一名警察講述的自己工作中遇到的故事。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mr.Smithistellingtwofunnystoriesofhispolicework.Smith先生正在講述他警察工作的兩個(gè)有趣的故事.因此他的職業(yè)是警察,故選A。(2)推理題判斷題。根據(jù)Ithoughthehadstolenit,soIcaughthim.Hejustwantedtoreturnittotheshopformoney,我以為他偷了它,所以我抓了他。他只是想把它退給商店。因此推測(cè)是誤抓,故選C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wefoundlaterthathiswifegavehimthesweaterforhisbirthday,buthehatedit.我們后來發(fā)現(xiàn)他妻子送他這件毛衣當(dāng)生日禮物,但是他討厭它。故選B。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hecouldn'tbelievethatwefoundhimsoquickly.Wetoldhimthathisnameandaddresswereonthefrontoftheenvelopeheused!他不敢相信我們這么快就找到他了。我們告訴他他的名字和地址在他用過的信封上。故選D。(5)推理題判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的描述,Hecouldn'tbelievethatwefoundhimsoquickly.Wetoldhimthathisnameandaddresswereonthefrontoftheenvelopeheused!他不敢相信我們這么快就找到他了。我們告訴他他的名字和地址在他用過的信封上。故判斷他是一個(gè)粗心的人。故選D?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題,可直接從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問題答案。對(duì)于推理判斷題要根據(jù)要根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)推理判斷問題的正確答案。6.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。
Oneday,Iwalkedintoastrangerashewalkedbyme."Oh,excuseme."Isaid.Herepliedwithasmileandsaid,"Pleaseexcuseme,too.Iwasn'twatchingoutforyou."Weapologized(道歉)andwentourownways.
Laterthatday,whenIwascooking,mydaughterwasstandingtooclosetome.WhenIturnedtoreachforsomemilk,Inearlyknockedherover."Moveoutoftheway."Ishouted.Shewalkedawaysadly.ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher.
WhileIwasinbedthatevening,myhusbandsaidtome,"Dealingwithastranger,youwerepolite,butwithadaughteryoulove,youwereunkind.Yourdaughterbroughtyousomeflowersthatshepickedherselfthisafternoon.You'llfindtheminthekitchenbythedoor.Haveyouseenthetearsinhereyes?"
Iquietlywentandkneltdownbymydaughter'sbed."Honey,Iamsosorry."Isaid,"Arethesetheflowersyoupickedforme?"Shesaid,"Ifoundthembythetree.Ipickedthembecausethey'reprettylikeyou.Iknewyou'dlikethemespeciallytheblueones."Itearfullyreplied,"Sweetie,I'mreallysorryforthewayIactedtoday.Ishouldn'thaveshoutedatyou.""It'sokay.Iloveyouanyway."shesaidasshekissedmeonmycheek.
Ifwecanbepolitetostrangers,whycan'twebekindtotheoneswelove?(1)Theauthorbehaved(表現(xiàn))
towardsthestrangeraftershewalkedintohim.A.
madly
B.
badly.
C.
politely(2)Whydidn'ttheauthorfeellikeapologizingtothedaughterinParagraph2?A.
Becauseshedidn'trealizeshehadhurtherdaughter.B.
Becauseshedecidedtoapologizetoherdaughterlater.C.
Becauseherdaughterdidn'tmindit.(3)Whatisthehusband'sopinioninParagraph3?A.
Theauthorshouldlookfortheflowers.B.
Theauthorshouldbefriendlytothedaughter.
C.
Theauthorshouldn'tapologizetothestranger.(4)What'stherightorderaccordingtothestory?a.Theauthorshoutedatthedaughter.b.Thehusbandgavetheauthoradvice.c.Herdaughterpickedflowersfortheauthor.d.Theauthorapologizedtothedaughter.A.
a-b-c-d
B.
b-a-d-c
C.
c-a-b-d(5)What'sthebesttideforthepassage?A.
Bekindtolovedones.
B.
Don'tshoutatfamilymembers.
C.
Bepolitetostrangers.
【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)C(5)A【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文講述了作者走路是撞到一位陌生人,她有禮貌的道了歉,可是因?yàn)樽约旱呐畠簱趿说蓝蠛啊W詈蟾械綉?yīng)該對(duì)自己愛的人更友好。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Oneday,Iwalkedintoastrangerashewalkedbyme。"Oh,excuseme。"Isaid。一天,作者走路時(shí)撞上一位陌生人,并向他道歉,可知,作者表現(xiàn)的很禮貌。故選C。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher。可知,我并沒有感到我需要向她道歉。故選A。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dealingwithastranger,youwerepolite,butwithadaughteryoulove,youwereunkind。對(duì)付一位陌生人你是禮貌的,但是對(duì)你所愛的女兒,你不太友好。可知,丈夫建議作者應(yīng)該對(duì)女兒要友好。故選B。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Moveoutoftheway。"Ishouted,我朝女兒大喊之前是女兒摘花送我當(dāng)了我的道,因此Herdaughterpickedflowersfortheauthor。應(yīng)該最早發(fā)生,排在最前,其次Theauthorshoutedatthedaughter。到晚上我的丈夫指出了我的問題并建議我向女兒道歉,即Thehusbandgavetheauthoradvice。最后Theauthorapologizedtothedaughter。作者向女兒道歉,故選C。(5)主旨大意題。標(biāo)題要能反映文章的主旨大意,根據(jù)Ifwecanbepolitetostrangers,whycan'twebekindtotheoneswelove?可知,如果我們能禮貌地陌生人,為什么不能對(duì)自己所愛的人友好呢?突出主題,對(duì)自己所愛的人要友好。故選A?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題,在分析問題弄清題意后帶著問題進(jìn)行閱讀,從文章的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問題答案。對(duì)于主旨大意題要根據(jù)文章的主題句確定。7.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。
Fewstudentslikehomework,butitisanimportantpartofmiddleschoollifeintheUK.
TheUKhastheserulesforhomework:Grades7and8(ages11to13):45to90minutesperday;Grade9(ages14to15):1to2hoursaday.
Today,manyhomeworktasksaredoneonacomputer.Forexample,preparingreports,usingtheInternetordoingonlinetasks.Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours.Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities(設(shè)備).
Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks.Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis(分析).Buthoweverbigataskis,teachersalwaysgivefeedback反饋)tohelpstudentsfindtheareaswheretheycanimprove.
Someschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries.Theyadviseparentstocheckontheir
Children'sprogress.Sadly,noteveryparenttakesmuchinterest.Inasurveyof1,000studentsaged11to18,over10percentsaidthattheydidnothavespaceathometodohomework.Almost15percentsaidtheirfamiliesdidnotsupportthemenough.(1)IntheUK,whichoneofthefollowingshouldn'tdohomeworkformorethan90minutes?A.
Astudentof12.
B.
Agirlof14.
C.
Aboyof15.(2)Ifastudentdoesn'thaveacomputerortheInternet,howcanhefinishhisonlinehomework?A.
Hedoesn'thavetofinishit.B.
Hecanaskhisteacherforhelp.C.
Hecanfinishitatschool.(3)Theunderlinedword"extended"inParagraph4probablymeans
.A.
擴(kuò)展的
B.
特別的
C.
困難的(4)Whydosomeschoolssendstudentshomewithhomediaries?A.
Toadvisestudentstodotheirhomeworkintime.B.
Toadviseparentstolearnmoreabouttheirchildren'sprogress.C.
Toadviseparentstohelptheirchildrenwiththeirhomework.(5)Whichpartisthepassageprobablyfrominanewspaper?A.
Education.
B.
Sports.
C.
Amusement.【答案】(1)A(2)C(3)A(4)B(5)A【解析】【分析】短文大意:本文介紹了英國(guó)學(xué)生的家庭作業(yè)情況。不同年齡段的學(xué)生家庭作業(yè)時(shí)間不同?,F(xiàn)在大部分的學(xué)生都通過電腦完成作業(yè)。學(xué)生們還需要做一些擴(kuò)展作業(yè)。學(xué)校也希望家長(zhǎng)配合來更好的幫助學(xué)生完成家庭作業(yè)。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grade9(ages14to15):1to2hoursaday??芍?4到15歲的學(xué)生需要做1到2小時(shí)的作業(yè)。根據(jù)Grades7and8(ages11to13):45to90minutesperday可知,12歲的學(xué)生只需要做45到90分鐘。故選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Soschoolsareusuallyopenbeforeandafternormalhours。Inthisway,studentswithoutcomputersortheInternetathomecanusetheschools'facilities因此,學(xué)校通常在正常時(shí)間前后開放,這樣,沒有電腦或家里的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的學(xué)生就可以使用學(xué)校的設(shè)施??芍?,沒有電腦的學(xué)生可以在學(xué)校完成在線作業(yè)。故選C。(3)詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,Sometimes,studentsaregivenextendedlearningtasks。
根據(jù)Thatmeanstheyneedtodomoreresearchandanalysis(分析).可知此處表示有時(shí)候,學(xué)生們會(huì)做一些擴(kuò)展的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。故選A。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theyadviseparentstocheckontheirchildren'sprogress。可知,學(xué)校讓孩子們帶家庭日記回家,是為了讓家長(zhǎng)了解一下孩子們的進(jìn)展。故選B。(5)推理判斷題。通讀全文TheUKhastheserulesforhomework英國(guó)有這些家庭作業(yè)規(guī)則,可知本文主要講解英國(guó)的學(xué)生的作業(yè)情況。所以,本文應(yīng)該出自報(bào)紙的教育部分。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。此題涉及到細(xì)節(jié)理解,詞意猜測(cè)和推理判斷等題型。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題,可直接從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問題答案。對(duì)于詞意猜測(cè)題,要根據(jù)上下文的聯(lián)系,進(jìn)行推理,確定詞在文章中的意思,對(duì)于推理判斷題,要根據(jù)文章的細(xì)節(jié)及作者的觀點(diǎn)和對(duì)文章的認(rèn)知進(jìn)行推測(cè)判斷,找出正確答案。8.閱讀材料,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Theyearwas1859.AmericaandEnglandhadalreadyfoughttwowars.Now,theywereatpeace.Butonedayapiggothungry.Anditnearlycausedanotherwarbetweenthetwocountries.
ThepigwasownedbyaBritishmanwholivedonasmallisland.TheislandwasjustoffthewesternpartofNorthAmerica.BothEnglandandtheUSsaidtheislandwastheirs.AcrosstheislandfromtheBritishmanlivedsomeAmericanfarmers.Everyoneontheislandgotalongpeacefully.ButthepeaceendedthedaytheBritishman'spigdecidedtoeatsomeofanAmericanfarmer'spotatoes.
OneoftheAmericanfarmersshotandkilledthepig.Thenthepig'sownerwanted$100fromthemanwhoshottheanimal.Thatwasalotofmoney,sothefarmerrefusedtopayit.TheBritishandAmericansbegantoargue,andthesituationgotworse.Thefarmersaskedthegovernorovertheislandatthattimeforhelp.Hesentagroupofsoldierstoprotectthefarmers.TheBritishansweredbysending2,000soldiers.TheBritishwereononesideoftheisland,andtheAmericanswereontheother.Theproblemthatbeganwiththepigwasabouttobecomeashootingwar.
WhennewsoftheproblemreachedWashingtonandLondon,bothleadersweresurprised.Neithercountrywantedanotherwar.Theysentsomementotrytofixtheproblem.Afteradiscussion,itwasdecidedthateachcountrywouldkeepasmallgroupofsoldiersontheisland.Theywouldstaythereuntilthetwocountriescoulddecidewhoownedtheisland.Thentheotherswouldhavetoleave.
Twelveyearswentby.Neithersidewantedtogiveutheisland,buttheyknewtheyhadtodosomething.TheyaskedtheleaderofGermanytohelpdecide.Afternearlyayearofdiscussion,adecisionwasmade.Americawouldgettheisland.
Finally,thePigWarwasoverandonlyoneshotwasfired.Thatwastheshotthatkilledthepig!(1)Whatcausedtheproblemontheislandaccordingtothepassage?A.
AnAmericanshotaBritishman.B.
Agroupofsoldierscametotheisland.C.
BritishmendestroyedanAmerican'sfarmland.D.
ABritishman'spigatesomepotatoesofanAmericanfarmer's.(2)Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph4refersto________.A.
thefarmers
B.
theleaders
C.
thesoldiers
D.
theGermans(3)Accordingtothepassage,therealpurposeofthetwocountrieswas________.A.
toownanisland
B.
tokillapig
C.
togetmoremoney
D.
tostartawar(4)Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.
ThePigIsland
B.
ThePigWar
C.
ThePigontheIsland
D.
TheIslandWar【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)A(4)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:英美兩國(guó)因一頭英國(guó)人飼養(yǎng)的豬吃了美國(guó)人種植的土豆引起的爭(zhēng)端,其實(shí)他們最終的目的就是爭(zhēng)奪小島的所有權(quán),(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句ButthepeaceendedthedaytheBritishman'spigdecidedtoeatsomeofanAmericanfarmer'spotatoes.理解可知,這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的主要起因就是英國(guó)人的豬吃了美國(guó)人的土豆,故選D。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Afteradiscussion,itwasdecidedthateachcountrywouldkeepasmallgroupofsoldiersontheisland.Theywouldstaythereuntilthetwocountriescoulddecidewhoownedtheisland.
理解可知,經(jīng)過討論,決定每個(gè)國(guó)家在島上保留一小隊(duì)士兵。他們將一直呆在那里,直到兩國(guó)決定誰擁有這個(gè)島。they指代的就是士兵,故選C。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Twelveyearswentby.Neithersidewantedtogiveutheisland,buttheyknewtheyhadtodosomething.TheyaskedtheleaderofGermanytohelpdecide.Afternearlyayearofdiscussion,adecisionwasmade.Americawouldgettheisland.理解可知,英美兩國(guó)的最終目的就是爭(zhēng)奪小島的所有權(quán),故選A。(4)標(biāo)題推斷題。通讀全文可知,英美的爭(zhēng)議是因一頭豬吃了土豆引起的,其實(shí)他們最終的目的就是爭(zhēng)奪小島的所有權(quán),故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考閱讀理解。本題主要涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中找到答案,而主旨大意題需要認(rèn)真閱讀仔細(xì)理解,歸納出中心思想。
9.閱讀材料,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Bigdata(數(shù)據(jù))isalotofsetsofinformationthatareputtogethersotheycanbeusedbyacomputerprogram.Thecomputerprogramlooksfordifferentkindsofanswersorpatternsinthedata.Bigdatacanhavedifferentkindsofinformationfrommanysources,suchasinformationthatcomesfromschools,socialmediasites,companies,andgovernments.Onesetofdatacanhavepeople'snamesandaddresses.Anothersetcanhavewhattheylike,wheretheygotoschool,andhowmuchtimetheyspendonthecomputer.
Bigdatacanbeusedinmanyways.Thegovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelonbusesortrains.Thisinformationisthenusedtomakebusortrainsystemsbetter.Someschoolsusebigdatatounderstandwhichchildrenmayneedextrahelpinclass.Theteachercanthengivecertainstudentsmorehelporsupportsothosestudentscansucceedinschool.Companiesusebigdata,too.Ithelpsthemunderstandwhobuystheirproducts.Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.
Bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasons.Somehospitalsusebigdatatopredictifababywhoisborntooearlywillgetsick.Thehospitalcanthentakeextrastepstotakecareofthatbabysoheorshedoesnotgetsick.Bigdatacanalsobeusedforbadreasons.Itcanbeusedtopredictwhichkindsofpeoplearelikelytobreakthelaworhurtothers,eveniftheyhavenotdoneanythingwrong.
Howcanbigdatabeusedforgoodandbadthings?Itisbecausethecomputerprogramsusedtolookatbigdataandunderstanditarewrittenbypeople.Peoplethinkacertainway.Becausetheythinkacertainway,theybuildamodelofthoseideas.Theseideasarethenusedtolookatthedata.Sometimes,theseideasarehelpfulforpeopleorbusinesses.Othertimes,badideascancauseproblemsforcertaingroupsofpeople.(1)Thisreadingisabout________.A.
whatbigdataisandhowitisusedB.
whatschoolsandhospitalspeoplelikeC.
whereimportantdataiscollectedandstoredD.
howbigdataiscontrolledbygovernmentsandcompanies(2)Onecompanyusesweatherinformationto________.A.
helpchildreninneed
B.
knowwhenpeoplewillvisitthehospitalC.
findoutwhoridesthebusortrain
D.
understandwhenpeoplewillneedicecream(3)ThemainideaofParagraph3is________.A.
bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasonsB.
wecanusebigdatainanumberofwaysC.
bigdatacanbeusedforbothgoodandbadreasonsD.
wecanusebigdatatopreventbabiesfromgettingsick(4)Theoveralltone(總基調(diào))ofthisreadingis________.A.
sadandpersonal
B.
personalandscientificC.
informativebutsilly
D.
scientificandinformative【答案】(1)A(2)D(3)C(4)D【解析】【分析】文章大意:大數(shù)據(jù)的含義及其在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的運(yùn)用。(1)理解歸納題。通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了什么是大數(shù)據(jù),以及大數(shù)據(jù)的充分運(yùn)用,故選A。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句
Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosti
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