恩施土家族苗族自治州咸豐縣2023年考研《英語一》考前沖刺試題含解析

恩施土家族苗族自治州咸豐縣2023年考研《英語一》考前沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Morethanthreedecadesago,IwasastudentatahighschoolinSouthernCalifornia.Thestudentbodyof3,200wasameltingpotofethnicgroups.Theenvironmentwas1

.OnedayIwaswalkingdownthesidewalkwhensomeonekickedmefrombehind.Turning2

,Idiscoveredthelocalgang.Fistscamefromevery3

asthe15gangmemberssurroundedme.4Ihadtohaveanoperation.MydoctortoldmethatifIhadbeenhitinthehead5

,Iprobablywouldhavedied.AfterI6

,somefriendssaid,“Let’sgettheseguys!”Thatwastheway7were“resolved”.Apartofmesaid,“Yes!”Butanotherpartofme8andsaidno.Historyhasprovedtimeandagainthatrevengeonly9theconflict.Weneededtodosomethingdifferenttobreakthecounter-productive(適得其反的)chainof10

.Workingwithvariousethnicgroups,we11whatwecalleda“BrotherhoodCommittee”toworkonimproving12relationships.Iwasamazedtolearnhowmuch13fellowstudentshadinbuildingabrighterfuture.Twoyearslater,I14

StudentBodyPresident.EventhoughIranagainsttwofriends,oneafootballheroandtheotherapopular“bigmanofthecampus”,asignificantmajorityofthe3,200studentsjoinedmeinthe15ofdoingthingsdifferently.Wemadesignificantprogressinbuildingbridgesbetween16

,learninghowtotalkwithand17

differentethnicgroups,resolvingdifferenceswithout18andlearninghowtobuildtrustinthemostdifficultofcircumstances.Beingstackedbythegangwasclearlyoneofmytoughestlifemoments.WhatIlearned,19

,aboutrespondingwithloveratherthanreturninghatehasbeena20

forceinmylife.Turningupourlightinthepresenceofthosewhoselightisdim(昏暗的)becomesthedifferencethatmakesthedifference.1、A．clearB．toughC．protectiveD．dirty2、A．a(chǎn)roundB．onC．intoD．out3、A．meansB．situationC．ApproachD．direction4、A．GraduallyB．RegularlyC．EventuallyD．Frequently5、A．overtimeB．onemoretimeC．a(chǎn)headoftimeD．innotime6、A．treatedB．recoveredC．sufferedD．calmed7、A．conditionsB．a(chǎn)tmospheresC．fantasiesD．problems8、A．pausedB．a(chǎn)greedC．startedD．proceeded9、A．remainsB．finishesC．continuesD．proves10、A．a(chǎn)ccidentsB．itemsC．eventsD．scenes11、A．puttogetherB．putasideC．putbackD．putdown12、A．politicalB．racialC．civilD．national13、A．sympathyB．knowledgeC．HonorD．interest14、A．votedforB．ranforC．foughtforD．calledfor15、A．needB．dangerC．processD．way16、A．culturesB．schoolsC．banksD．ranks17、A．belongtoB．leadtoC．relatetoD．devoteto18、A．a(chǎn)greementB．DemonstrationC．justiceD．violence19、A．henceB．howeverC．moreoverD．then20、A．powerfulB．peacefulC．carefulD．thoughtfulSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1InhighschoolIwasveryshy,contenttohangaroundwithmysmallgroupoffriendsandtoconcentrateonmycourses.Iwasquicklylabeleda"brain."IdidsowellthatbytheendofsenioryearIhadperfectgradesandenoughcollegecreditstogiveupanentirequarterofcoursework.ButinearlyJuneofsenioryear,theprincipalcalledmeintohisoffice.Heaskedmetogiveaspeechatgraduation.Iwassurprisedtolookathim,myheartthumping.Thiswastherewardformyhardwork?Imurmuredsomethingandfledtheoffice,blamingmyselfforstayingawayfromphysics,asubjectsuretohavebrokenupmyperfectrecord.Ifinallyagreedtoacompromise.Iwouldsharethehonorwithfiveotherstudents.IagreedtointroducemyfriendJudy,whowouldthengiveherown,full-lengthspeech.Graduationdaysoonarrived,I’dbeenpracticingmyspeechfordays,andIhaditmemorized.Thefirsthalfhouroftheceremonypassedinablur,andthenmymomentcame.Mynamewasannounced.Imanagedtoreachthestagewithoutfallingdown.Ifacedmyclassmates.Myvoicetrembledalittle,butmostlyitwasclearandstrong.Butwithinseconds,Iwasdoneandheadingbacktomyseat.IaccomplishedsomethingI’dneverdreamedof—Ispokeinfrontofhundredsofpeople.AlthoughIdidn’trealizeitatthetime,thesuccessfulcompletionofthatspeechgavemetheconfidencetotakepartinclassatcollege,togiveoralreports,andtoeventuallybreakfreeofmyshyness.Ineverwouldhavechosentogiveaspeechatgraduation—orever.ButI’mgladIdid.InolongerhesitatewhenI’mfacedwiththeprospectofdoingsomethingIfeared.Iknowitmayverywellturnouttobeoneofmyshiningmoments.1、Whywasthewritercalleda"brain"?A．Shewasthemostintelligentstudent.B．Shewastheheadofhersmallgroup.C．Shewasabookwormallthetime.D．Shedidmorecourseworkforgoodgrades.2、Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A．Sheruinedherhealthbystudyinghard.B．Shegottherewardaswasexpected.C．Shewasgratefulforgivingaspeech.D．Shewasn'tgoodatphysicsatschool.3、Howdidtheauthorfeelatthebeginningofthegraduationspeech?A．Excited. B．Moved.C．Scared. D．Embarrassed4、Whatdidthespeechbringtotheauthoratlast?A．Shehadnothingtofearinlife,B．Shewonenoughcollegecredits.C．Shegotridofhersenseofshyness.D．Shedesiredtobecomeaspeaker.Text2Ourhero’soriginstorystartedthispastFebruaryinthePerinefamilylivingroominBirmingham,Alabama.Austin,a4-year-oldboy,andhisfather,TadPerine,werewatchingaprogramonAnimalPlanetaboutamotherpandaleavinghercubs.“Itoldhimthatthecubswouldbehomelessforawhile,”Tadsays.“Austindidn’tknowwhathomelessnessmeant,buthewassadandwantedtoknowmore.”Seeingthisasateachablemoment,TadtookAustintotheFirehouseMinistries,alocalshelterthatprovideshousing,food,andotherservicesforhomelessmen.Astheydrovebytheredbrickbuilding,theysawagroupof25homelessmenstandingonthestreetcorner.“Dad,theylooksad.”Austinsaid.“Canwetakethemsomefoodandmakethemsmile?”Thatday,AustinusedhisallowancetobuyeachmanaBurgerKingsandwichandhandedthefoodouthimself.Seeingwhattheirpresencemeanttothemenattheministry,AustinandTadreturnedthenextweek.Afterhereturnedeveryweekforfiveweeks,wordofAustin’sactsofkindnessspreadthroughsocialmediaandnationalnewsoutlets.BurgerKingjumpedaboard,agreeingtodonate$1,000amonthforanentireyeartowardthecause.Soon,churchesandsheltersacrossthecountrybeganinvitingAustintocometodistributefoodinotherareas.WhereasbeforeAustinandTadcouldfeed25to50peopleatatime;now,thankstocorporateandcommunitysupport,theycanfeed800to2,000peopleatonce.AsforAustin,hecontinuestogiveoutfood,smiles,andhisinspirationalmessageoflove.“ItmakesmefeellikeI’msavingtheday.”1、HowdoesAustinfeelwhenseeingtheTVprogram?A．Surprised B．JoyfulC．Grateful D．Unhappy2、WhydidTaddriveAustintothelocalshelter?A．Todonatesomemoneyforthehomeless.B．Toaskforsomehelpfromthehomeless.C．Toteachhimthemeaningofhomelessness.D．TointroduceAustintothestaffthere.3、WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A．ToconfirmAustin’sinfluence.B．TopraiseBurgerKing’sdonation.C．Tothankthecommunity’ssupportD．Toconveyappreciationofthehomeless.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ATeachableMomentB．ABoyFightingAgainstHungerC．AKindFamilyHelpingthePoorD．Tad’sInspirationalMessageofLoveText3HEARSTCASTL,CAHearstCastleisopenfortoursdaily,exceptThanksgiving,ChristmasandNewYear’sDay.TourA--TheGrandRoomsViewthegroundfloorroomsofLaCasaGrandewhereMr.Hearst’sguestsmettheirhostandwereentertainedduringtheirstay.SeetheAssemblyRoom,whereguestsmetforcocktails,theRefectory,wheremealswereserved,theMorningRoom,BilliardTheater.YourknowledgeableguidewillbringthisbighousetolifesharingstoriesaboutMr.Hearst,hismanyguests,andtheartcollectionitcontains.Prices:Adults:$25.00;Children:$12.00.TourB–TheUpstairsSuites(套房)ThistourfeaturesroomsontheupperfloorsofCasaGrande.TravelthroughguestsuitesonyourwaytotheLibrarywhereMr.Hearsthousedacollectionof2,000-year-oldGreekpots.VisitMr.Hearst’sprivatethirdfloorsuiteincludinghisbedroomandprivatestudywhereheheldbusinessmeetings.LearnaboutthegeniusofarchitectJuliaMorganandthewaysheputMr.Hearst’sartcollectionintothedesign.Prices:Adults:$20.00;Children:$10.00.TourC–EveningTourThistourallowsvisitorstoexperiencetheCastleatnightasavisitortotheCastleinthe1930smighthave.Itfeatureshighlightsfromtheexperience,UpperFloorsofCasaGrande,andGardentours.EveningtoursareofferedonmostFridaysandSaturdaysduringMarch–May&October–December.Prices:Adults:$36.00;Children:$18.00.TourD–AccessibleHolidayTwilightThistouriswheelchairaccessible.Visitorswhohavedifficultyclimbingstairs,orwhocannotstandorwalkforextendedperiod,mayalsobenefitfromthistour.AccessibletransportationisprovidedfromtheVisitorCentertoallareasoftheHolidayatHearstCastletour.Call866-712-2286foradditionalinformation.Prices:Adults:$30.00;Children:$18.00.1、Whichplacecanyoutakeyourchildtovisitifyouhavenotmuchavailablemoney?A．TheMorningRoom.B．TheUpstairsSuites.C．TheGrandRooms.D．TheBilliardRoom.2、WhichofthefollowingisproperforyoutotakepartinTourC?A．ASaturdayinJuly.B．ASaturdayinApril.C．AFridayinJanuary.D．AFridayinSeptember.3、Whichisthebestchoicefordisabledpeople?A．TourA．B．TourB．C．TourC．D．TourD．Text4Machinesmightonedayreplacehumanlaborersinanumberofprofessions,butsurelytheywon'teverreplacehumanartists.Right?Thinkagain.Notevenourartistswillbesafefromtheinevitablemachinetakeover,ifanewdevelopmentinartificialintelligencebyateamofresearchersfromRutgersUniversityandFacebook'sA．I.laboffersaclueofwhat'stocome.TheyhavedesignedanA．I.capableofnotonlyproducingart,butactuallyinventingwholenewaestheticstylessimilartomovementslikeimpressionismorabstractexpressionism,reports.Theidea,accordingtoresearcherMarianMazzone,wastomakeartthatis"novel,butnottoonovel."Themodelusedinthisprojectinvolvedageneratornetwork,whichproducestheimages,andadiscriminatornetwork,which"judges"whetherit'sart.Oncethegeneratorlearnshowtoproduceworkthatthedistributorrecognizesasart,it'sgivenanadditionaldirective:toproduceartthatdoesn'tmatchanyknownaestheticstyles."Youwanttohavesomethingreallycreativeandstriking—butatthesametimenotgotoofarandmakesomethingthatisn'taesthetically（美學地）pleasing,"explainedAhmedElgammal.Theartthatwasgeneratedbythesystemwasthenpresentedtohumanjudgesalongsidehuman-producedartwithoutshowingwhichwaswhich.Totheresearchers'surprise,themachine-madeartscoredslightlyhigheroverallthanthehuman-producedart.Ofcourse,machinescan'tyetreplacethemeaningthat'sinfusedinworksbyhumanartists,butthisprojectshowsthatartistskillsetscertainlyseemduplicatablebymachines.Whatwillittakeformachinestoproducecontentthat'sinfusedwithmeaning?ThatmightbethelastA．I.frontier.Humanartistscanatleasthangtheirhatsinthatfield...fornow."Imaginehavingpeopleoverforadinnerpartyandtheyask,‘Whoisthatby?’Andyousay,‘Well,it'samachineactually’.Thatwouldbeaninterestingconversationstarter,"saidKevinWalker.1、Whatisimpliedinthefirstparagraph?A．Artistswon'tbereplacedbyAI.B．AIcanproducenewstylesofart.C．AIistotallyatalossaboutimpressionism.D．AIfailstoreflectabstractexpressionism.2、WhatdidMarianfindinhisstudy?A．AIcancopytheskillsofartists.B．AIcancombinecontentwithmeaning.C．AIcanmakeartaestheticallyunpleasant.D．AIcanpleasehumanjudgeswithitsart.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hangtheirhats”mean?A．Discover.B．Hold.C．Struggle.D．Survive.4、WhatKevinsaidinthelastparagraphtellsusthat_____.A．sheusesmachinestocookforapartyB．shelikestojoininadinnerpartyC．sheexpectsthearrivalofAID．shecaresaboutthestarterofachatPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Sugarsculptureblowingis1．Chinesefolkartwhereartistsblowandsculpthotsugartocreate3D2．(figure)Thefinishedsculpturesnotonlylookgood,butalsohaveagoodtaste,3．(make)thempopularamongchildrenThemainrawmaterialforsugarsculptureblowingismaltsugar(麥芽糖)Themaltsugar4．(use)insculptureblowinghastobeheatedtohightemperaturesItcanonlybeusedafterseveralprocessingprocedures,5．includethesortingandcookingofthemaltsugarfollowedbythefiringandmeltingofit“Blowing”can6．(divide)intotwomethods—oneusesmolds(模子);theotherdoesnot,andinvolvessugarfigurestakingshapethrougha7．(combine)ofblowingairintotheprocessedmaltsugarandtheartist’sflexiblehandskillsThecomplexprocessmayexplain8．therearefewerpeoplemakingsugarsculptureTopreserveandpromotethis9．(tradition)craftsmanship,thegovernmentofHebeiProvincefoundedasugarfigureartorganizationin2011,which10．(consist)ofover50artistsrecognizedastheinheritors(繼承人)ofthetechniqueTrafficisaveryimportantpartindailylifeNearlyeveryonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintrafficsomuch1．peoplearemakingitpossiblethatthefuturecitywillhavenotrafficatallHGWells,inhisbookTheSleeperAwakes,tellssomethingaboutthetrafficInthestreetsofthatfutureLondontherewillbenovehiclesThecity2．(provide)withmovingroadsOnesideoftheroadtravels3．onedirection;4．othersidemovestheoppositewayAnyonewhowantstogotoanotherpartofthecitystepsonthemoving“way”andsitsononeoftheseatsuntilhearrivesHehasnoneofthetroubles,5．a(chǎn)privatecarbringswithit:whetherthereisenoughpetrol,whetherthetyresareallright,andwheretoparkitThemovingwayisalwaysathisservice,alwaysmoving6．(silent)along,alwaysready7．(take)himtohisdestinationThatcityofthefuturewillhavenotrafficjamsTolinkupthe8．(vary)cities,vehiclesdrivenbyatomicpowerwillpassalonghighways9．(divide)intotwomaingroupsoflanesEachgroupwillconsistofseverallanesSomeforslowtraffic,someforfastCrossroadswillnotexistonthesehighways,butwillbereplacedbybridgesandjunctionsWherethesehighwaysentercities,10．(port)andotherbuilt-upareas,theywillpassthroughundergroundtunnelsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)GettingolderNoonereallyknowshowandwhypeoplechangeastheygetolder.1、Agingisacomplexandvariedprocessthatvariesinhowitaffectsdifferentpeopleandorgans.Infact,eveninoneperson,differentorgansystems“age”atdifferentrates.Atacertainpointinourlivesourbodysystemswillbegintoweaken.2、Itmaybecomemoredifficultforustoseeandhear.Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury.Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtosloworstopthischangethatleadsustowardtheendofourlives.3、Agooddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandthetypeofexercisewegetareanothertwofactors.4、Butscientistsstudyingtheagingproblemwanttoknow:whydopeoplegrowold?Theyhopethatbystudyingtheagingmedicalsciencetheymaybeabletomakethelengthoflifelonger.5、Manyconsiderthelaterpartoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.Physicalactivitymaybecomeless,butoftenwegetbetterunderstandingoftheworldandourselves.Whatweconsidertheoldagenowmayonlybemiddle-agedsomedaysoon.Withsomanyadvancesinmedicalsciencehappeningsoquickly,lifelengthmayonedaybemeasuredincenturies,ratherthaninyears!A．Ourlivingconditionisyetanother.B．Manyfactorsdecideourhealth.C．Ourstrengthmaybecomeweaker.D．Asfordiet,peopleareadvisedtoeatlesssaltandsugar.E.Thereisnothingtobeafraidofastheoldagecomes.F.Symptomsincludealackofenergy,slowreactions,insomniaandpoormemory.G.Also,notheorysufficientlyexplainsallthechangesoftheagingprocess.Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill（跑步機）toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors,researchreveals.Researchersfoundrunningontreadmillssignificantlyreducestheamountofoxygenjoggersuse.1、Theexperimentprocedure.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalysedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.