2021年10月遼寧省沈陽市第120中學(xué)2021屆高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)第三次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試卷及解析

2021年10月遼寧省沈陽市第120中學(xué)2021屆高三上學(xué)期第三次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)

英語試卷

★祝考試順利★

（含答案）

第一部分聽力

做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：

Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是c。

1.WheredoesthisconversationtakepIace?

A.Inaclassroom.B.InahospitaI.C.Inamuseum.

2.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?

A.Takefitnessclasses.

B.Buyapairofgymshoes.

C.Changehisworkschedule.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.C.Whentoleave.

4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.ColIeges.B.CIassmates.C.Strangers.

5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?

A.Shemightwantaticket.

BSheisIookingfortheman.

C.Shehasanextraticket.

第二節(jié)

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?

A.10years.B.13years.C.15years.

7.HowdoesthewomanfeeIaboutJames7situation?

A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.

聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。

8WhathasKate*smotherdecidedtodo?

A.ReturntoschooI.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork.

9.WhatdidKate*smotherstudyatcoIIege?

A.OiIpainting.

B.Arthistory.

C.Businessadministration.

10.WhatisKate*sattitudetowardhermother'sdecision?

A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.

聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。

11.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Chairingameeting.

B.Hostingaradioprogram.

C.Conductingajobinterview.

12.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?

A.Herwidereading.B.HerIeaders7guidance.C.Herfriends?heIp.

13.WhowiIIMarytaIkaboutnext?

A.Herteacher.B.Herfather.C.Hermother.

聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。

14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?

A.HeIacksmotivation.

B.HehasaheartprobIem.

C.HeworksaIIthetime.

15.WhatdoesJacobSatteImairprobabIydo?

A.He'sanathIete.B.He'saresearcher.C.He'sajournaIist.

16.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?

A.Toencouragetheman.

B.Torecommendanexercise.

C.Tosupportherfindings.

17.HowmuchtimewiIIthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?

A300minutes.B.150minutes.C.75minutes.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?

A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.Theyblockedit.

19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?

A.It'swarm.B.It'sbrown.C.It'ssmooth.

20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists'experiment?

A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.

B.ToheIpstudentsstudythebirdswell.

C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.

第二部分閱讀理解

第一節(jié)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ThefollowingbookshavebeenpubIishedrecentIy,andmaybeyouwouIdIiketoread

them.

ThisAtmosphereofLove

FrankIinBassJr.

www.authorhouse.com

Paperback|E-book

$12.95|$3.99

ThisAtmosphereofLovesharesFrankIinBassJr.,spoetrycollectionfrom2008

to2012thatspeaksabouthistruefeeIingsandexperiencesofIove.

AnIrishGirl

MariIynHering

www.iuniverse.com

Paperback|E-book

$13.99|$3.99

InspiredbytrueeventsoftheIrishfamine（饑荒），AnIrishGirlcombinesataIe

ofthefaminewithaheart-brokenstoryofIoveandloss.

ThePrisonPlanet

Handbook

DenisGoodwin

www.xIibris.com

Hardback|Paperback|E-book|Audiobook

$46.98|$34.45|$4.99|$9.99

Sometimes,thereaIityprescribedtousdoesn5texplainwhatweexperience.If

youtooknowsomethingisn'trightandwanttoseethebiggerpicture,thebottom

Iineishere.

ADeadIyHomecoming

JaneBennettMunro

www.iuniverse.com

Hardback|Paperback|E-book|Audiobook

$23.99|$13.99|$3.99|$9.99

Whenhermotheraskshertoinvestigateafriend'sdisappearance,ToniDayheads

toherhometowntosolveacompIexmurdercasethatleavesherownIifehangingin

thebaIance.

1.Whoisapoetamongthefollowingwriters?

A.JaneBennettMunroB.MarilynHering.

C.DenisGoodwin.D.FrankIinBassJr.

2.WhatkindofbookisAnIrishGirlI?

A.AbiographyB.Astorybook

C.Adocumentary.D.Areferencebook.

3.WhichbookwiIIyoureadifyouIikeathriIIer?

A.ThePrisonPlanet.B.ADeadlyHomecoming.

C.AnIrishGirI.D.ThisAtmosphereofLove.

【答案】1.D2,B3.B

【解析】

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本最新出版的書,及其作者和價(jià)格等相關(guān)信息。

[1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThisAtmosphereofIove部分中ThisAtmosphereofLovesharesFrankIin

BassJr.’spoetrycollectionfrom2008to2012thatspeaksabouthistruefeeIings

andexperiencesoflove.可知《愛的氛圍》收錄了小富蘭克林，巴斯2008年至2012年的詩

集，講述了他對(duì)愛情的真實(shí)感受和經(jīng)歷。由此可知，F(xiàn)ranklinBassJr.出版的書是一部詩集，

那么FranklinBassJr.是一位詩人。故選D。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)AnIrishGirl部分中InspiredbytrueeventsoftheIrishfamine,An

IrishGirlcombinesataIeofthefaminewithaheart-brokenstoryofloveandloss.

可知IrishGirl這本書將一個(gè)饑荒傳說和一個(gè)關(guān)于愛與失去的故事巧妙地結(jié)合了起來。由此

可推知,AnIrishGirl是一本故事書。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ADeadIyHomecoming部分中Whenhermotheraskshertoinvestigate

afriend'sdisappearance,ToniDayheadstoherhometowntosoIveacomplexmurder

casethatIeavesherownIifehanginginthebalance.可知，這本書講述的是ToniDay

受母親所托,調(diào)查一個(gè)朋友的失蹤案,當(dāng)她回家鄉(xiāng)處理一起復(fù)雜的謀殺案時(shí),她自己也因此案身

陷危險(xiǎn)的故事。由此可知,如果你喜歡看驚悚小說,可以選擇ADeadlyHomecoming這本書。故

選Bo

B

CaIadidn,tIikeus.Anyofus.Wedidn,tdoanythingtooffendherandshedidn't

knowusbutthatdidn'tmatter;shestilldidn'tIikeus.

AsnewteachersintheEmiratischooI,weWesternersgreetedhereveryday.She

ignoredus.ShecameintoourroomsandbypassedusassheshookhandswithaIIthe

non-Westerners.Wheneverwesawher,sheavoidedeyecontactwithus.EventuaIIy,we

stoppedtryingtobefriendher.

Iwouldn5tsayhernationaIitybutherfriendshadbeenfiredfromtheschooI.

WehadbeenempIoyedintheirpIacesandthatwasenoughforhertohavenothingto

dowithus.

WeIIafter16monthsintheschooIwehadasecretfriendgifting.Tomysurprise,

Idrewhernamefromtheglassjarandthatmeantshewasmysecretfriend.Myrole

wastobuyheragiftandsaysomethingaboutherwhenwepubIicIyacknowledgedwho

oursecretfriendwas.

Idecidedtogiftheracolouredbangle（手鐲）.Iaddedapostcardandwrote”Love

andBlessings,RoseMarie.

Thencametheday.WeaIIgatheredinthemeetingroom.Whenyougaveyourgift,

yousaidafewkindwordsaboutyoursecretfriendandpassedthegifttoher.What

couIdIsay?Everyoneknewshedidn'tIiketheWesterners.Shetaughtmusicinthe

schooIsoIsaid“Mysecretfriendissomeonewhobringsmusictoourearseveryday.”

ShecameforwardwithahugewarmsmiIe.Shehuggedmeandkissedmeonbothcheeks

andacceptedmygift.

Sincethen,shesmilesoften.Wehugandshakehandswhenwemeet.Ihaveseen

herwearmygiftseveraItimesandIamsopleased.

4.Whydidn'tGalaIiketheWesternteachers?

A.TheyrepIacedherfriends'positions.

B.Theywerenewcomers.

C.Theystoppedbefriendingher.

D.Theyhadonceoffendedher.

5.HowdidthewriterchangeCaIa'sattitude?

A.Withthehelpofherfriends.

BThroughherloveandblessings.

C.Byshowinghertalentinmusic.

D.Throughhersincerityandwisdom.

6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheendingofthestory?

A.Exciting.B.BeautifuI.

C.CompIex.D.shocking.

7.WhatdoesthewriterintendtoteIIus?

A.DonothingbyhaIves.

B.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.

C.AgoodactwiIIbewellrewarded.

D.Withoutconfidencethereisnofriendship.

【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了我用真誠(chéng)和友好成功地扭轉(zhuǎn)了Cala對(duì)我的印象，收獲一枚真

心朋友的美好故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“IwouldnJtsayhernationaIitybutherfriendshadbeenfired

fromtheschool.WehadbeenempIoyedintheirpIacesandthatwasenoughforherto

havenothingtodowithus.”可知,Cala的朋友被學(xué)校解雇了，我們頂替了她朋友的位置，

因此Cala不想與我們有瓜葛。所以Cala不喜歡西方老師的原因是因?yàn)槲覀冺斕媪怂笥训?/p>

職位。故選A項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第五段“Idecidedtogiftheracolouredbangle（手鐲）.Iadded

apostcardandwrote“LoveandBlessings,RoseMarie.”以及第六段"Shetaughtmusic

intheschooIsoIsaidaMysecretfriendissomeonewhobringsmusictoourears

everyday.ShecameforwardwithahugewarmsmiIe.Shehuggedmeandkissedmeon

bothcheeksandacceptedmygift."可知,我通過“給秘密朋友送禮物”的活動(dòng)與Gala拉

近距離,為她精心挑選禮物并在送禮物的時(shí)候給予她真誠(chéng)的贊美,進(jìn)而收獲了友誼。可以看出我

很善于利用時(shí)機(jī),而且對(duì)待朋友是很真誠(chéng)的。由此可知，作者通過自己的真誠(chéng)和智慧改變了

CaIa的態(tài)度o故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段"ShecameforwardwithahugewarmsmiIe.Shehuggedmeand

kissedmeonbothcheeksandacceptedmygift.以及最后一段“Sincethen,shesmiles

often.Wehugandshakehandswhenwemeet.IhaveseenherwearmygiftseveraItimes

andIamsopleased.J,可知,Cala在收到我的禮物后很開心，她接受了我的禮物，并給了我一

個(gè)大大的擁抱和吻。在那之后,她經(jīng)常對(duì)我微笑,我們見面的時(shí)候她會(huì)和我很友好地?fù)肀帐帧?/p>

我還見過她戴著我送給她的禮物。我很開心。由smile以及pleased這樣一些字眼可以判斷

整個(gè)故事的結(jié)局是很美好的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。文章講述了我用真誠(chéng)和友好成功地扭轉(zhuǎn)了Gala對(duì)我的印象，收獲一枚真心朋友

的美好故事。我通過“給秘密朋友送禮物”的活動(dòng)向Gala伸出了橄欖枝，給她送禮物并真心

贊美她,最終我用自己的真誠(chéng)和智慧贏得了友誼,我的善行獲得了回報(bào)。C項(xiàng)是說做好事會(huì)獲得

回報(bào)。故選C項(xiàng)。

C

InordertoheIpcopewiththevastnumberofstudentquestionsintheonIinecIass,

Knowledge-BasedArtificialInteIIigence,ProfessorAshokGoeIofGeorgiaTech

deveIopedanartificiaIIyinteIIigentteachingassistant.ThisonIinecourseisacore

requirementofGeorgiaTech,sonIineMasterofScienceinComputerScienceprogram.

ProfessorGoeIaIreadyhadeightteachingassislants,butthatwasn5tenoughtohandIe

thevastnumberofdailyquestionsfromstudents.

ManystudentsdropoutofonIinecoursesbecauseoftheIackofteachingsupport.

WhenstudentsfeeIisolatedorconfusedandreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,

theirmotivationtocontinuebeginstofade.ProfessorGoeIdecidedtodosomething

toremedythissituationandhissoIutionwastocreateavirtuaIassistantnamedJill

Watson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatsonplatform.

GoeIandhisteamdevelopedseveraIversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasingher

totheonIineforums.Atfirst,thevirtuaIassistantwasn'ttoogreat.ButGoeIand

histeamsourcedtheonIinediscussionforumtofindaIIthe40,000questionsthat

hadeverbeenaskedsineethecIasswaslaunched.ThentheybegantofeedJillwith

thequestionsandanswers.AftersomeadjustmentandampIetime,Jillwasabletoanswer

thestudents'questionscorrectIy97%ofthetime.ThevirtuaIassistantbecameso

advancedandreaIisticthatthestudentsdidn'tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,

whowerestudyingartificialinteIIigence,wereinteractingwiththevirtuaIassistant

andcouldnJtteIIitfromareaIhumanbeing.GoeIdidn'tinformthemaboutJill's

trueidentityuntiIApriI26.ThestudentswereactuaIIyverypositiveaboutthe

experience.

ThegoaIofProfessorGoeI'svirtuaIassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering

40%ofaIIthequestionsposedbystudentsontheonlineforum.ThenameJillWatson

will,ofcourse,changetosomethingeIsenextsemester.ProfessorGoeIhasamuch

rosierforecastonthefutureofartificialinteIIigencethan,say,EIonMusk,Stephen

Hawking,BillGatesorSteveWozniak.

8.WhatdowelearnaboutKnowledge-BasedArtificialInteIIigence?

A.Itisarobotthatcananswerstudents'questions.

B.Itisahigh-techdevicethatrevolutionizesteaching.

C.ItisacoursedesignedforstudentstoIearnonIine.

D.Itisacomputerprogramthataidsstudentlearning.

9.WhatdoestheunderIinedword“remedy“intheparagraph2mean?

A.Boycott.B.Improve.C.EvaIuate.D.Corrupt.

10.WhatdoweIearnaboutJillWatson?

A.ShewasunweIcometostudentsatfirst.

B.ShegotalongprettyweIIwithstudents.

C.Sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.

D.ShewasreIeasedonlineasanexperiment.

11.WhatdoesProfessorGoeIplantodonextwithJillWatson?

A.Assignhertoanswermoreofstudents5questions.

B.UpgradeherinteIIigencetotheIeveIoftopscientists.

C.LaunchdifferentversionsofheronIine.

D.Encouragestudentstointeractwithhermorefreely.

【答案】8.C9,B10.C11.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文,主要介紹了戈?duì)柦淌跒榻鉀Q在線課程學(xué)生答疑的需求，開發(fā)了人工智能教學(xué)

答疑助理,取得了很好的效果。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段"InordertoheIpcopewiththevastnumberofstudent

questionsintheonIinecIass,KnowIedge-BasedArtificiaIInteIIigence."可知”知

識(shí)型(基于知識(shí))的人工智能”是一門在線課程，而不是機(jī)器人、高科技設(shè)備亦或是計(jì)算機(jī)程

序。本題的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)在于,學(xué)生容易將局部?jī)?nèi)容與全文主體內(nèi)容混淆導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)選,這位教授專攻人工

智能,開設(shè)相關(guān)課程,還自己開發(fā)人工智能教學(xué)助理,題干中的名稱對(duì)應(yīng)的是課程名，切勿被繞

進(jìn)去,故本題選C。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中，該詞所在句子的上文"ManystudentsdropoutofonIinecourses

becauseoftheIackofteachingsupport.WhenstudentsfeeIisoIatedorconfusedand

reachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginsto

fade.”可知,很多學(xué)生因缺乏相應(yīng)的教學(xué)支持而從線上課程掉隊(duì)或退課，當(dāng)他們感覺疑惑又孤

立無援，問題得不到解答時(shí),繼續(xù)學(xué)下去的動(dòng)力便會(huì)開始減退,這是一種負(fù)面的情形。而本句中

提到教授要做些什么來這一情形(decidedtodosomethingtoremedythissituation),

可猜測(cè)remedy有扭轉(zhuǎn)、改變'改善之類的含義,A.Boycott聯(lián)合抵制，拒絕參加；B.Improve

改善，提高，改進(jìn)，變得更好；C.Evaluate評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)估；D.Corrupt使腐爛、墮落、惡化，綜上

故選B。

10題詳解】

推理判斷題。JillWatson是虛擬教學(xué)助理的名字,根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段“Jillwasableto

answerthestudents1questionscorrectIy97%ofthetime.ThevirtuaIassistantbecame

soadvancedandreaIisticthatthestudentsdidn'tknowshewasacomputer.The

students,whowerestudyingartificiaIinteIIigence,wereinteractingwiththevirtual

assistantandcouIdn,tteIIitfromareaIhumanbeing.GoeIdidn1tinformthemabout

Jill'strueidentityuntiIApriI26.ThestudentswereactuaIIyverypositiveabout

theexperience."可知,這個(gè)人工智能助理極其逼真，連學(xué)習(xí)人工智能的學(xué)生都沒法把它和真

正的人區(qū)分開來，它能正確解答當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)生提出的問題中的97%,學(xué)生體驗(yàn)都很好,所以說這是一

個(gè)巨大的成功，故本題選C。

[11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文最后一段“ThegoaIofProfessorGoeIJsvirtuaIassistantnext

yearistotakeoveranswering40%ofaIIthequestionsposedbystudentsontheonIine

forum.可知，教授的下一步目標(biāo)是讓它能解答學(xué)生所有問題中的40%,也就是讓它更進(jìn)一步,

能解答更多問題，故選A。

D

AnewdeviceworksIikeasolarpaneI,exceptthatitdoesn'tharvestenergyfrom

thesun.Itabsorbsenergyfromthecoldnightsky.

Aprototype（原型）ofthedeviceproducedenoughelectricityatnighttopowera

smaIIIightbuIb.AbiggerversionmightonedayIightroomsorchargephones.ItaIso

couIdpowerelectronicsinremoteorlow-resourceareasthatIackelectricity.

ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarthandouterspace.

Itthenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.AslongasonesideofitiscooIer

thantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacesthesky

andisattachedtoanaluminumplate.ThatpIateissealedbeneathatransparentcover

andsurroundedwithinsuIation（隔熱材料）tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegenerator

isattachedtoanexposedaIurninumplate.ThatplateiswarmedbytheIocaIair.At

night,thetoppIatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscooIerthanthebottomofthe

generator.

Researcherstesteda20-centimeterprototypeoneclearDecembernightin

Stanford,CaIifornia.Thegeneratorproduceduptoabout25miIIiwattsofpowerper

squaremeterofdevice.ThatwasenoughpowertoIightasmaIIIight-emittingdiode,or

LEDbuIb.Furtherimprovementsmightincreaseitsproductiontoatleast500milliwatts

persquaremeter.Todothat,thesystemmightneedmoreinsuIationaroundthecooI

toppIate.

ThedeviceaIsocouldheIppowerremoteweatherstationsorotherenvironmentaI

devices,saysAaswathRaman.HeisamateriaIsscientistwhoworkedonthedeviceat

theUniversityofCaIifornia,LosAngeIes.ThismaybeusefuIinpoIarregionsthat

don'tseesunIightformonthsatatime,Ramansays."Ifyouhavesomelow-powerIoad

andyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.

12.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewdevice?

A.Itgainsenergyfromthesun.B.It'sbeenwidelyusedinIife.

C.ItiscoolerthanasolarpaneI.D.11,IIbepopuIarinspeciaIareas.

13.WhatdoestheauthormainlytaIkaboutinParagraph3?

A.Applicationfieldsofthedevice.

B.Thedevelopingprocessofthedevice.

C.Theworkingprincipleofthedevice.

D.Significanteffectsofthedevice.

14.Howcanthedeviceproducemoreelectricity?

A.ByputtingmoreinsuIationaroundthetoppIate.

B.ByusingitinextremeIycoldandclearnights.

C.Byattachingthebottomplatetoawarmplate.

D.BycoveringthetopplatewithatransparentIid.

15.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ADeviceUsingtheColdNightSkytoProduceElectricity

B.ADeviceBringingNewHopeforThoseintheColdNight

C.TheDifferenceBetweenaSolarPaneIandaNewDevice

D.TheTemperatureDifferenceBetweenEarthandOuterSpace

【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)最新的科研發(fā)明——反太陽能電池板,它可以從寒冷的夜空

中收集能量,然后通過利用地表和遠(yuǎn)處空間的溫差來產(chǎn)生電能。目前的研究成果是它可以成功

為一只小燈泡提供電能。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"ItaIsocouldpowereIectronicsinremoteor

low-resourceareasthatIackelectricity.n和最后一段的最后兩句"Ifyouhavesome

low-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismight

beaway.”可知，這種裝置在一些偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)或缺電的地區(qū)幫助發(fā)電；另外，在極地地區(qū)數(shù)月不

見陽光,這種裝置可以幫助發(fā)電照明。由此可推知,這個(gè)新設(shè)備在會(huì)在一些特殊地區(qū)受歡迎。故

選D項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarth

andouterspace.Itthenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.Aslongasone

sideofitiscoolerthantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecooler

sidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaIuminumpIate.ThatpIateisseaIedbeneath

atransparentcoverandsurroundedwithinsuIation（隔熱材料）tokeepoutheat.The

bottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaIuminumpIate.ThatpIateiswarmed

bytheIocaIair.Atnight,thetoppIatecangetacoupIeofdegreesCelsiuscooIer

thanthebottomofthegenerator.該裝置利用地球和外層空間的溫差。然后它利用這種差

異來發(fā)電。只要它的一邊比另一邊冷,發(fā)電機(jī)就能發(fā)電。較冷的一面面朝天空,與一塊鋁板相連。

那塊板被密封在一個(gè)透明的蓋子下面，周圍有保溫材料來阻擋熱量。發(fā)電機(jī)的底部連接在一塊

暴露的鋁板上。那個(gè)盤子被當(dāng)?shù)氐目諝饧訜崃恕Ｍ砩?，頂板的溫度比發(fā)電機(jī)底部的溫度低幾攝

氏度。由此可推知第三段主要講了這個(gè)設(shè)備發(fā)電的主要工作原理。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中4,Todothat,thesystemmightneedmoreinsuIationaroundthe

cooltopplate"可知，此處Todothat是指前一句“讓這裝置產(chǎn)生更多的電量"。因此，該

裝置系統(tǒng)需要在上面的金屬板四周安裝更多的隔熱材料才可以產(chǎn)生更多的電能。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。文章第一段"AnewdeviceworksIikeasoIarpaneI,exceptthatitdoesn't

harvestenergyfromthesun.11absorbsenergyfromthecoIdnightsky."一種新的

裝置像太陽能電池板一樣工作,只是它不從太陽獲取能量。它從寒冷的夜空吸收能量。點(diǎn)明了

文章主題,結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)最新的科研發(fā)明，這種科技可以從寒冷的夜

空中收集能量，然后通過利用地表和遠(yuǎn)處空間的溫差來產(chǎn)生電能。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“利

用寒冷的夜空發(fā)電的裝置”。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Ridingbikesshouldbefun,andinordertohavethemostfunoutthere,werounded

upthebestbeginnereyeIingtipstoheIpyougetroIIing.

16.

Experiencingpaininthefrontofyourknee?Yourseatmightbetoolow,causing

youtounder-extendduringyourpedaIstroke.Thisisacommonmistakeamongbeginners

becausemostpeoplefeeImorecomfortabIeandconfidentiftheirfeetcanreachthe

ground.

Getabikefit

17.TheseatheightshouIdbehighenoughtogiveyouaverysIightbendin

yourkneewhenyourfeetareatthebottomofthepedaIstroke,asmeritionedabove.Proper

reachmeansyourarmsmakea45-degreeangleoverthebike.Toolong,andyourbackwiII

besorereachingforthehandIebars18

Avoiddoingtoomuchtoosoon

OneofthebiggestsourcesofinjurycomesfromtryingtotakeontoomuchmiIeage

beforeyou'reready.19..Similarly,ifyou'reonatrainingride,don'tstarttoo

fastandriskburnoutandfatigueinthesecondhaIf.Warmunduringthefirstthird

oftheride,andthensettIeintoarhythmforthesecond.

Learnhowtorideinagroup

Grouprideshavetheirownrulesforareason.20.Ifit*syourfirsttime

ringwithanewgroup,hangoutintheback,observeandaskforhelpifyouneedit.No

questionisadumbquestionwhenyourownsafetyandthesafetyofthegroupisat

stake.

A.Choosetherightbike

B.Setyourseatheightright

C.MaybeyouIoveridingnon-competitiveIywithagroup

D.It'seasytocauseacrashifyourridingisn'tpredictable

E.Tooshort,andyourkneeswiIIbetoocIosetoyourarms

F.Togettherightfit,twoeIementsarekey:seatheightandreach

G.Buildupslowly,easein,andgiveyourbodytimeto.

【答案】16.B17.F18.E19.G20.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。本文用明快的語調(diào)為自行車初學(xué)者提供了與騎行與自行車相關(guān)的信息與建

議。

【16題詳解】

設(shè)空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容有"YourseatmightbetooIown和“iftheirfeetcan

reachtheground"出現(xiàn),表明調(diào)節(jié)座椅高度對(duì)于騎行有很大關(guān)系。故此段的標(biāo)題應(yīng)為調(diào)節(jié)好

座椅高度。B項(xiàng)：Setyourseatheightright（把你的座位定好）符合語境。故選B。

【17題詳解】

本段的主題句是Getabikefit下文中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了"height"和"reach”兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞作為此

句的中心,并且分別對(duì)其進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的解釋,可知同時(shí)包含著兩個(gè)元素的選項(xiàng)為F選項(xiàng)。F項(xiàng)：

Togettherightfit,twoeIementsarekey:seatheightandreach（要想達(dá)到合適的

舒適度，兩個(gè)因素是關(guān)鍵:座椅高度和座椅長(zhǎng)度）符合語境。故選F。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“tooIong,andyourbackwiIIbesorereachingforthehandIebars"，可知

后面是對(duì)前句進(jìn)行的補(bǔ)充說明，補(bǔ)充的是與之相反的情況，即tooshort時(shí)的情況。E項(xiàng)：T。。

short,andyourkneeswiIIbetooclosetoyourarms（太短，你的膝蓋會(huì)太靠近你的手臂）

符合語境。故選E?

【19題詳解】

本段的標(biāo)題是Avoiddoingtoomuchtoosoon.G與此段標(biāo)題呼應(yīng)，可知此段是在告誡騎行者

不能貪快，要循序漸進(jìn)慢慢來才能適應(yīng)。同樣參考后文可知，“similarly..........don'tstart

toofastandriskburn-outandfatigueinthesecondhaIf"可再次佐證。G項(xiàng)：Build

upslowly,easein,andgiveyourbodytimeto.（慢慢來,給你的身體時(shí)間慢慢適應(yīng)）符合

語境。故選G。

[20題詳解】

D與上文的"grouprideshavetheirownrulesforriding."相呼應(yīng)，可知如果不按照一

定的規(guī)則來則容易造成混亂，導(dǎo)致車隊(duì)中的沖撞。也可通過后文的“hangoutintheback,

observe"再次推斷出來。D項(xiàng)：It'seasytocauseacrashifyourridingisn'tpredic