Unit 1 詞匯講解-2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)課堂同步精美課件（人教版2019）（必修第三冊(cè)）

詞匯講解Unit1(ListeningandSpeaking)ng)Unit1FestivalsandCelebrationsrangefiguregatherfeaturesignificanttypicalreflectoccasion構(gòu)詞法詞匯精講

RANGEROVER中的ROVER（羅孚）是北歐的一個(gè)民族，羅孚公司生產(chǎn)自行車時(shí)就使用羅孚作商標(biāo)名。1904年生產(chǎn)汽車，仍以“羅孚”為車牌名。由于羅孚民族在歷史上是一個(gè)勇敢善戰(zhàn)的海盜民族，所以羅孚汽車商標(biāo)采用了一艘海盜船，張開(kāi)紅帆象征著公司乘風(fēng)破浪、所向披靡的大無(wú)畏精神。羅孚民族的名字其實(shí)也對(duì)應(yīng)了rover的釋義“漫游者”。RANGEROVER則是指“在廣闊區(qū)域漫游的越野車”。RANGEROVER1.

range

詞源解讀range的詞源義是roworlineofpersons(especiallyhuntersorsoldiers)，一排排的人，尤指士兵或獵人，即在“某一范圍”內(nèi)的人，其基本義為“范圍”。range

n.

[C][常用單數(shù)]一系列avarietyofthingsofaparticulartype：arangeof

services/productsournewrangeof

hairproductsThetalksembracedawiderangeofissues.

[C]&[U][常用單數(shù)]

范圍；界限：Thismaynotbesurprisinggiventhatthisistheagerange.whenwomenhavechildren.Thepricewasbeyondourrange,sowedeclined.2015天津

[C]&[U]距離：Donotmissthisopportunitytoseewhalesatclose

range

(=veryclose)ontheirannualmigrationsouthtotheAntarctic.人教新選必

-3

[C]山脈：BetweenItalyandFrance,thereisamountain

range

calledtheAlps.重要搭配：in/within

range

(of)

在（……的）范圍內(nèi)outof

range

(of)

超出（……的）范圍range

v

vi

包括：Forloversofthegreatoutdoors,activitiesrange

from

canoeingtobirdwatching.

vi（價(jià)格、水平、溫度等）處于某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)：Youcangetstemsofvariedlengthsandtheyrange

between

35and135mm.

vi&vt漫步；四處移動(dòng)

(wander)：ThepolarbearsrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic.2019全國(guó)range語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖同一“范圍”內(nèi)類似的事物某“范圍”內(nèi)的群山年齡、價(jià)格等變動(dòng)的“范圍”

遠(yuǎn)近的“范圍”

一系列范圍；界限距離山脈范圍（基本義）

包括處于某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)漫步;四處移動(dòng)vn2.figure

在《圣經(jīng)》中，亞當(dāng)和夏娃偷吃了禁果之后，有了羞恥感，于是夏娃就想找個(gè)樹(shù)葉子來(lái)遮擋自己的身體。柳樹(shù)葉子太小，梧桐葉子又太大，身邊正好有無(wú)花果（fig）樹(shù)，就摘了無(wú)花果的葉子作為貼身短衣。

因?yàn)閒ig是用來(lái)遮擋身體形狀的，所以

figure

的含義引申為“形狀”。figure的前世今生

[常用復(fù)數(shù)]數(shù)字；位數(shù)；算術(shù)：thelatesttradefigures

haveaheadforfiguresAmorerealisticfigureis11million.

（尤指女性的）體形/身材/身影：atallfigureinblackShe’salwayshadaslimfigure.

人物；人士apersonwhoisimportantorfamous：apublic/aleading/anauthorityfigure

畫(huà)像；塑像：abronzefigureofahorse

圖表；圖形：SeeFigure1.

Atriangleisathree-sidedfigure.figuren

vi

是重要部分；是……的部分tobeanimportantpartofsth：Myfeelingaboutthematterdidn’tseemtofigureatall.

vt

[非正式用語(yǔ)]認(rèn)為；估計(jì)tothinkorguesssth：Hemightfiguredyouhadgrowthpotentialburiedinthereandtakeyouhome.

vt(AmE)計(jì)算：I’mjustfiguringmyexpenses.figureout

弄清楚；弄明白；計(jì)算出：Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehavetofigureitout.2015湖南Eventually,someonewillfigureoutthatthisisjustthetipofavirtualiceberg.詞源：有了羞恥感的亞當(dāng)和夏娃“認(rèn)為”遮擋身體很重要，所以figure又引申出“是重要部分、是……的部分”的意思。figurevfigure語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖形狀

figuren（基本義）“數(shù)字”的形狀數(shù)字體型；身材；身影人物；人士畫(huà)像；塑像位數(shù)算術(shù)圖表圖形“人或動(dòng)物”的形狀“幾何圖形”的形狀是重要部分；是……的部分認(rèn)為；估計(jì)計(jì)算vn3.gatherv.

vi&vt（使）聚集；（使）聚攏：gatherone’sbelongingsHesoongatheredacrowdroundhim.Allthemembersofthefamilywouldgatheraround

thefiretoenjoyareuniondinner.Artscontributetoculturaldevelopmentwhenpeoplegathertogethertosharetheirexperience.

vt搜集；采集

(collect)；[正式用語(yǔ)]收（莊稼等）：informationgatheredfromvarioussourcesBeesgathernectarfromnearbyflowers.Theharvestfestivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.

基本義——使集中

vt

增加；vi

漸增；積聚：Thetrainwasgatheringspeed.Youmustgather(up)allyourstrengthforthejobinterview.

推測(cè)；認(rèn)為：Igatherfromyourletterthatyou’renotenjoyingyourjob.gatheringn[C]聚會(huì)；集會(huì)：asocial/familygathering（使）集中

收攏；歸攏（使）聚集；（使）集合使人“集中”使分散的東西“集中”采集；收割（莊稼等）使植物、莊稼等“集中”gather語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖使信息或證據(jù)“集中”，得出結(jié)論推測(cè)；認(rèn)為4.feature近年來(lái)網(wǎng)上出現(xiàn)了一種新的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——網(wǎng)紅臉（也稱蛇精臉），什么是網(wǎng)紅臉？網(wǎng)紅臉的面部特征（facialfeature）是錐子臉，大眼睛，高鼻梁，一字眉的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置。featuren[C]

特征；特點(diǎn)animportantornoticeablepartofsth：Teamworkisanimportant

feature

ofthetrainingprogramme.Thechurchtowerwasaprominent

featuresinthelandscape.

面貌的一部分（指眼、口、鼻等）；面貌（特征）apartofsb’sface：havenice

featuresHereyesarehermoststriking

feature.

（報(bào)紙、雜志等的）特寫(xiě)；專題節(jié)目aspecialarticleorprogrammeaboutsb/sth：Sheshowedgreatinterestinaspecialfeatureon

educationintoday’snewspaper.事物的特征人的面部特征新聞媒體具有特征的部分文森特·梵高（VincentvanGogh，1853年3月30日—1890年7月29日），荷蘭后印象派畫(huà)家。代表作有《星月夜》(TheStarryNight)、自畫(huà)像系列、向日葵(Sunflowers)系列等。梵高是一位色彩主義畫(huà)家，他對(duì)色彩的偏好幾乎達(dá)到了一種癲狂的狀態(tài)，他的畫(huà)作中的色彩都是較為奔放、夸張的。文化拓展特征featuren（基本義）feature語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖事物的特征人的面部特征特點(diǎn)；特征新聞媒體具有特征的部分特寫(xiě)；專題節(jié)目面貌的一部分（指眼、口、鼻等）；面貌（特征）featurev.

vt

是……的特征；以……為特色toincludesb/sthasanimportantpart：Thisstorefeaturesround-the-clockservice.ThefilmfeaturedAllenRickmanasaprofessor.

vi起重要作用；占重要地位tohaveanimportantpartinsth：Fishfeaturesin

theJapanesediet.名詞動(dòng)詞化5.significant根據(jù)所給提示，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。Theenvironmenthasa(n)

___________（重要的）influenceonthedevelopmentofthechildren.significantimportantsignificantadj

反insignificant?重要的；（意義）重大的havinganimportanteffectorinfluence,especiallyonwhatwillhappeninthefuture：ahighly

significant

discoveryTakentogrther,thesefactorsarehighlysignificant.

（數(shù)量）大的；顯著的

largeenoughtobenoticeableorhavenoticeableeffects：TheofferoftalkswithMoscowmarksasignificantchangefromthepreviousWesternposition.asignificantimprovement/increaseItissignificant

that

girlsgenerallydobetterinexaminationsthanboys.詞源：sign(標(biāo)記)+-fic(做)+-ant→需要做標(biāo)記的，即“重要的”“有意義的”【詞匯拓展】?significantlyadv

重大地；顯著地；明顯地：Wehavenoobjectiontothischange,butdoubtthatitwillsignificantlyimprovematters.significancen[U]&[C]

重要性；（意義）重大

theimportanceormeaningofsth：Inmyopinion,weshouldattach

equalsignificanceto

thepresentandfuture.Thesearesomebuildingswhichhavehistorialsignificancetothelocalsortothewidercommunity.Thesepressesareoflittlesignificance,indicatingthattheyaretrivialandworthless.6.typicaladj.

典型的；有代表性的：Atopic-basedapproachcanbehardtoassessinschoolswithatypicalspread

ofability.Thispatternofwoodsandfieldsis

typicalof

theEnglishlandscape.itistypicalofsbtodosth:ItistypicalofJohntothinkabouthelpingothersinthisway.

一貫的；平常的

(normal)：Hisjobisatypicalninetofive,MondaytoFridayjob.?typicallyadv

典型地；一般地；不出所料地typical：type(類型)+-ical(形容詞后綴)→屬于某種類型的→典型的

7.

reflect注：在物理課上我們學(xué)過(guò)，鏡面反射和漫反射都是光的“反射”現(xiàn)象。反射可以用reflect表達(dá)。詞源：“turnorbendback”。re-(back向后、往回)+-flect(bend彎、轉(zhuǎn))基本義：反射

vt&vi反射（光、熱、聲等）：Theplantontopwouldabsorbmostoftheredlightforphtosynthesis,butreflectmostofthefar-redlight.

vt[常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]（鏡子等）映出：Herfacewasreflectedin

themirror.

vt[通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)]反映：Otherwise,clothingdescriptioninliteratureexcellentlyreflecttheclothingcultureinsociety.

vi&vt反思；回想；仔細(xì)考慮：Onthewayhomehereflectedthat

theinterviewhadgonewell.Thestartofanewyearisagoodtimetoreflecton/uponthemanyachievementsofthepast.?reflectiveadj

反射熱的；反光的

［正式用語(yǔ)］沉思的；深思的

(thoughtful)reflect語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖反射reflect基本義反射具體的事物反射影像反射抽象事物在腦海中反射已發(fā)生的事情反射（光、熱、聲等）反映（鏡子等）映出反思；回想；仔細(xì)考慮具體到抽象【拓展reflection】reflectvreflectionn

反射

映像

反映

反復(fù)思考；仔細(xì)考慮（鏡子等）映出反映反思；回想；仔細(xì)考慮反射（光、熱、聲等）reflect語(yǔ)義樹(shù)

[U]

反射：thereflectionofasoundwave

[C]

映像：thereflectionof

thetreesinthelake

[C]

反映：Toacertaindegree,anemployee’sperformanceisareflectionon

hersupervisor.

[C]&[U]反復(fù)思考；仔細(xì)考慮reflectionn8.occasion

（某事發(fā)生的）時(shí)刻；場(chǎng)合

aparticulartimewhensthhappens：onthis/thatoccasionHewasimproperlydressedfortheoccasion.Theresult,onthatoccasions,was

alawbarringactivehomosexualsfromservinginthemilitary.

[常用單數(shù)]時(shí)機(jī)；機(jī)會(huì)asuitableorfavourabletime：Thesettingforthismorning’ssigningceremonymatchedthesolemnityoftheoccasion.occasionn

[C]oc-(down,away)+cas(tofall)+-ion，事情“降臨”的時(shí)候→場(chǎng)合同根詞：case=cas(tofall)+-e→“降臨”的情況或案例→事例

重大/特殊活動(dòng)；盛會(huì)

aspecialevent,ceremony,celebration,etc.：socialoccasions

Therearethosewhoeatoutforaspecialoccasion,ortreatthemselves.onoccasion(s)

有時(shí)；偶爾：Heisnotawisemanwhocannotplaythefoolonoccasion.ontheoccasionof在……之際：Itraveledbacktomyhometown

on

the

sadoccasionof

Dad’sdeath.2012浙江【詞匯拓展】occasional

adj[只用于名詞前]偶然的；偶爾的occasionallyadv偶爾；間或：Occasionally,thesameDNAevidence,forinstance,couldbesenttothreedifferentlabsforanalysis.go（走）+off（離開(kāi)）→gooff（基本義：離開(kāi)）set（使……開(kāi)始）+off（離開(kāi)）

→set

off（基本義：使……開(kāi)始）借助小品詞off去理解gooff和setoff的各義項(xiàng)。9.gooff&setoffgooff

離開(kāi)：Pleasedon’tgooffwithoutsayinggood-byetoyourparents.

突然響起；走火；爆炸：Ioversleptthismorningbecausemymorningclockdidn’tgooff.2009江西Theexplosivedevicewastimedtogooffattherushhour.

熄滅；中斷供應(yīng)：Asthetaxibegantomove,Iwatchedthelightsgooff,butmyfatherdidn’tleave.WhileIwascookingsupper,theelectrictysuddenlywentoff.人“離開(kāi)”鬧鐘、彈藥等“離開(kāi)”電力供應(yīng)等“離開(kāi)”gooff語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖

離開(kāi)（尤指去做某事）熄滅；中斷供應(yīng)突然響起;走火;爆炸離開(kāi)gooff（基本義）人“離開(kāi)”鬧鐘、彈藥等“離開(kāi)”電力供應(yīng)等“離開(kāi)”setoff

出發(fā)；動(dòng)身：Weoughttosetoff

atasmartpaceat7:00,whiletheroadsareempty.

觸響（警報(bào)）；放（煙火）：setoffthealarm/fireworks

引發(fā)；激發(fā)：InMay,thetoursetoff

for

athree-monthrunofstadiumperformancesinEurope.使警報(bào)、炸彈等“開(kāi)始”工作使事件“開(kāi)始”發(fā)生“開(kāi)始”旅行setoff語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖出發(fā)；動(dòng)身引發(fā)；激發(fā)觸響（警報(bào)）；放（煙火）使……開(kāi)始setoff基本義“開(kāi)始”旅行使警報(bào)、炸彈等“開(kāi)始”工作使事件“開(kāi)始”發(fā)生含有off的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞takeoffcutoffgooffputoffseeoffturnoffsetoff...離開(kāi)off基本義推遲停止；中斷離開(kāi)；熄滅；爆炸起飛；脫下為……送別關(guān)閉出發(fā)；動(dòng)身學(xué)習(xí)含有off的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以從off入手，理解了off的各義項(xiàng)，有助于理解和記憶相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。off的基本義為“離開(kāi)”。represent

v

vt

[正式用語(yǔ)]

描繪；展現(xiàn)todescribesb/sthinaparticularway：

Thegeneralsecretarymayrepresentthepresidentatofficialceremonies.

vt表示；象征

tobeasignorsymbolofsth：Doesyourdogrepresentanongoingdangertootherpeople?Noodlesshouldn’tbecutshort,astheyrepresentone’slonglife.由“re-（表示強(qiáng)調(diào)）+present”構(gòu)成,詞源義是“toplacebefore”“呈上”，基本義是“呈現(xiàn)”，與present同源。10.represent詞源解讀翻譯句子：月亮代表我的心。Themoon___________myheart.standsforrepresents41

vt代表toofficiallyspeakoractforanotherpersonorgroupofpeople：Heistheideallawyertorepresentthechild.HeronlyaimwastorepresenttheUnitedStatesattheOlympicGames.

[系動(dòng)詞]

相當(dāng)于tobeorbeequaltosth：Asalaryriseof10%representsanannualincreaseof$3,600forme.【詞匯拓展】representative

n[C]

代表；代理人：astudent/salesrepresentativea

representativeof

RussiatotheUNHouseofRepresentativesadj

典型的；有代表性的：berepresentativeof

thewholeclass眾議院（HouseofRepresentatives）:西方兩院制國(guó)家的議會(huì)的下議院，另一院為參議院。眾議院的議員人數(shù)是按各地人口多少的比例分配的。同義異構(gòu)：typicalrepresent語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖呈現(xiàn)represent基本義用圖畫(huà)或文字呈現(xiàn)場(chǎng)景呈現(xiàn)抽象事物描繪；展現(xiàn)表示；象征代替原有的人或物呈現(xiàn)在別人的面前呈現(xiàn)同等的事物代表相當(dāng)于vt

(BrE)

[非正式用語(yǔ)]

想要(feellike)；喜歡：Doyoufancyajarafterafterwork?Doyoufancygoingout

tothedancethisevening?Allthegirlspresentfanciedhim.

[書(shū)面語(yǔ)]

想象；設(shè)想tobelieveorimaginesth：Ican’tfancyhim(as/tobe)alawyer.11.fancyI

fancy?you.?Is?that?so?hard?to?believe?我喜歡你。有那么難相信嗎？——《吸血鬼日記》n

[常用單數(shù)]

想要；喜歡：Shemakesmostofherownclothes,copyinganyfashionwhichtakesherfancy.Shesaidshewantedadogbutitwasonlyapassingfancy(心血來(lái)潮).catch/takesb’sfancy

引起某人的興趣：Shelookedthroughthehoteladvertisementsuntiloneofthemcaughtherfancy.adj

精致的；花哨的；異常復(fù)雜的

反simple；昂貴的；奢華的：fancydressAlleyeswererestedonthefancycar.Thenhehiredfive-starhotelchefstoconcoctfancydrinksanddessertsthatsellforabouthalfthepriceofStabucks’.12.moment根據(jù)騰訊官方的翻譯，朋友圈的英文竟然不是FriendsCircle。朋友圈竟然沒(méi)有“朋友”，它是另外一個(gè)單詞，就是moments。為什么朋友圈叫moments呢？微信朋友圈的功能，不就是分享自己的和看看別人的“片刻”和“瞬間”，所以就是很多個(gè)moment，自然就是moments。

某一時(shí)刻

aparticularpointintime：atthis/thatmomentfromthatmomentonWeshouldtrytosolveourproblemsandenjoyeachmomentlifegivesus.

片刻；瞬間

averyshortperiodoftime：Thegentlemanattheshoplookedatmeandturnedawayforamoment,returningwithafragrantflower.

時(shí)機(jī)

aparticulartimefordoingsth：Sometimeshe’llskiphiscoursereadingorthrowapapertogetheratthelastmoment.

moment的詞源義是“運(yùn)動(dòng)、移動(dòng)

(tomove)”

，詞義引申為“片刻、瞬間”。事物的不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)造成事物的不斷變化，從而有了“瞬間、轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝”的說(shuō)法。詞塊搭配(at)anymoment(now)馬上；立刻：Hurryup!He’llbebackany

momentnow.(at)thelastmoment（在）最后一刻：Theyarrivedattheairportatthelastmoment.atthemoment此刻；目前：Businessislookingshakyatthemoment.foramoment片刻；一會(huì)兒：Hestoppedforamomentandthenwalkedon.forthemoment暫時(shí)；目前(forthepresent)：Anyway,let’sforgetaboutthatforthemoment.inamoment馬上；立即：Iagreedinamomentofweakness.onemoment…thenext一會(huì)兒……過(guò)一會(huì)兒：Onemomentitwasquietandcalmintheforest,thenext,theairwaschargedwithtension.2014重慶themoment(that)［引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞assoonas］一……（就……）：Alishafellasleepthemoment

shegotintobed.ThemomentthatClintonfoundoutthatshewastoshareastagewithPalin,shecancelledherappearance.2011湖北4813.respect詞源re-：“回、向后；再”spect：“看”respect:“再次看”“尊重”詞源義：lookbackat,regard,considerfromre-“back+spect“l(fā)ookat”respectvt

尊重；尊敬：ItisacomplexproblemandIrespect

theirdecisionsandwishthemthebest.

Iwanthimtorespect

measacareerwoman.

遵守：respect

thelaw通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)熟詞生義：“尊重”法律、規(guī)章制度等49n

[U]尊敬；尊重：TheChongyangFestival,alsocalledDoubleNinthFestival,isadayforpeopletoshowrespect

toseniors.Childrenhavenorespectfor

theireldersnowadays.wintherespectof

[復(fù)數(shù)][正式用語(yǔ)]問(wèn)候：Asateacher,shehadearnedtherespectsofherstudents.

[C]關(guān)系；方面：Butthene