考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年遼寧省鞍山市海城市高分沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語(yǔ)一》2023年遼寧省鞍山市海城市高分沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空。Thelonglineofrushhourtrafficwounditswaydowntherain-slick(濕滑的)streetasIglancednervouslyatmywatch.5：30!Nothinghadgonerightallday.Thistrafficjamseemedtheperfectendingtoa(n)______day.Isighedloudly，______therewasnoonetohear.Latelymylifeseemed______morethananever-ending______ofregulartasks.Surelytherewasmoretolivingthanthis.IguessIwassimplytootiredtolookforit.Andthen,looking______，Isawhim.Thelone(孤零零)flagmanwasstanding______thestreet，______directingfourdrivingwaysoftrafficasthey______intoone.Buttherewassomething______aboutthisflagman,andasmycar______，Irealizedwhatitwas.Standingamongdozensofimpatientmotorists,hewassmilingand______ateverydriverthatpassed.AsIsatwaitingmy______inmywarmcar,Ibegantofeel______.Ifthisman,whodidnothingalldaybutwatchonecarafteranother______，couldstandinthecoldrainhourafterboringhourandstillhaveafriendly______foreverysinglepersonwhopassed,whatrightdidIhaveto______mylife?Itwas______myturntopasstheflagman.“Thankyou，”Imouthed______thewindow.HesmiledandnoddedandIdroveon,spiritslifted，______changed.Andintherearviewmirror(后視鏡)Icouldseehim,raisinghishandand______toeverycarthatpassed.1、A．dangerous B．enjoyable C．horrible D．interesting2、A．though B．so C．if D．when3、A．everything B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．something4、A．cycle B．discovery C．expectation D．sacrifice5、A．right B．left C．backward D．forward6、A．nextto B．inthemiddleof C．a(chǎn)wayfrom D．a(chǎn)headof7、A．wisely B．eagerly C．patiently D．calmly8、A．exchanged B．combined C．crashed D．jumped9、A．common B．wrong C．outstanding D．unusual10、A．a(chǎn)pproached B．started C．stopped D．passed11、A．shouting B．staring C．a(chǎn)iming D．waving12、A．order B．turn C．request D．fortune13、A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．delighted C．a(chǎn)shamed D．disappointed14、A．goby B．goup C．getalong D．getthrough15、A．glance B．gesture C．move D．treat16、A．setaside B．burstinto C．lookdownupon D．complainabout17、A．certainly B．luckily C．finally D．merely18、A．through B．from C．off D．in19、A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．a(chǎn)ttitude C．experience D．doubt20、A．talking B．explaining C．whispering D．greetingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Everyday,Americansthrowaway500millionplasticstraws,enoughtocircletheEarthtwice.Theyarealmostneverrecycled,andsimplycontributetothegreatproblemofplasticpollution;eightmilliontonsofplasticisdumpedintotheoceanseveryyear.Plasticstrawsarenowthetargetofagrowingmovementtoreducetheiruse.Possiblythefirstofsuchcampaigns,BeStrawFreewasstartedin2011byMiloCress,whowasonlynineyearsoldatthelime.“InoticedthatwheneverIorderedadrinkatarestaurant,itwouldusuallycomewithastrawinit,andIdon’Iusuallyneedastraw,”hesaid.“Thisseemedlikeahugewaste.Strawsaremadeofoil,apreciousandfiniteresource.Ismakingsingle-useplasticstraws,whichwillbeusedforamatterofminutesbeforebeingtossedaway,reallywhatwewanttodowiththisresource?”CressstartedaskingrestaurantsinBurlington,Vermont,wherehelivedatthetime,tostopprovidingstrawsautomaticallytocustomerandmakethemoptionalinstead.Manyagreedandhisrequestmaderipples(漣漪)nationwide.Therestaurantsthatmaketheswitchreportareductioninthenumberofstrawstheyusebetween50and80%.Theanti-strawsentimenthascrossedbordersintotheUK,wherestrawshavebeenincludedinagovernmentplantobanailplasticwasteby2042.LastyearlargepubchainWetherspoonsannouncedthatitwouldreplaceplasticstrawswithpaperalternativesacross900outlets.Aftertheannouncement,manysmallerchainsandpubsacrossthecountryfollowedsuit.AccordingtoWetherspoonsCEOJohnHutson,themovewillsave70millionplasticstrawsayearandthereactionfrompatronshasbeen“verypositive”.Offeringalternativesormakingplasticstrawsoptional,ratherthanbanningthemcompletely,isacommontraitamongthesecampaigns.“Therearemanyotherviablealternativestosingle-useplasticdrinkingstrawsthatarelessharmfultotheenvironment,wildlifeandhumans,”saidJackieNunez,founderofTheLastPlasticStraw.1、WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Plasticstrawsaretoocostlytoproduce.B．Allplasticstrawsaredumpedintothesea.C．Plasticstrawsaretoosmalltoberecycled.D．Plasticstrawscausegreatpollution.2、WhatdidMiloCressaskhislocalrestaurantstodo?A．Tomakeplasticstrawsoptional.B．Tostoptheuseofplasticstraws.C．Tochargetheuseofplasticstraws.D．Torejecttherequestforplasticstraws.3、WhatistheWetherspoons’efforttoreducetheuseofplasticstraws?A．Tobantheuseofplasticstraws.B．Toclosesomeofitsoutlets.C．Tooffercustomersalternatives.D．Toseekthegovernment’ssupport.4、WhatistheWetherspoonscustomers’attitudetowardsthemove?A．Uncaring.B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.Text2Ascientistwhodevelopedawaytocalculatehowmuchwaterisusedintheproductionofanythingfromacupofcoffeetoahamburgerwasawardedthe2008Stockholm.WaterPrize.ProfessorJohnAnthonyAllanoftheUniversityofLondoninBritainwontheawardforintroducingtheideaof“virtualwater（虛擬水）”,acalculationmethodthathaschangedthenatureoftradepolicyandresearch.Allanhaswrittensevenbooksandpublishedmorethan100papers.TheStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutesaidthisideaisnowembedded（埋藏）intheproductionoffoodsandindustrialproducts.TheinstitutesaidAllan'sworkhadmadeabigeffectonglobaltradepolicyandresearch,especiallyinwater-scarce（缺水的）regions.“Theimprovedunderstandingoftradeandwatermanagementissuesonlocal,regionalandglobalscalesareofthehighestvalueforthesuccessfulandsustainable（可持續(xù)的）useofwaterresources,”itsaid.“Peopledonotonlyusewaterwhentheydrinkitortakeashower,”theinstitutesaid.“Behindthemorningcupofcoffee,thereare140litersofwaterthatwasusedtogrow,produce,packageandshipthebeans.”ThatisaboutasmuchwaterasapersoninEnglandusesonaverageforalldailydrinkingandhouseholdneeds."Forasinglehamburger,about2,400litersofwaterareneeded.IntheUSA,theaveragepersonusesnearly7,000litersofvirtualwatereveryday."ItsaidthatwasmorethanthreetimestheaverageuseofaChineseperson.1、Allanwasawardedtheprizebecause______.A．hewrotesevenbooksontradepolicyB．hepublishedmorethan100papersonwatermanagementC．liefoundanewkindofwaterinwater-scarceareasD．hecameupwiththeideaofvirtualwater2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheaverageAmericanusesabout7,000litersofwateraday.B．TheaverageChineseusesnearly2,300litersofvirtualwateraday.C．AnEnglishmanusuallydrinksabout140litersofcoffeeaday.D．Ahamburgerusuallycontainsabout2,400litersofwater.3、WhatdowelearnaboutJohnAnthonyAllanfromthepassage?.A．Hewonthe2008NobelPrize.B．Hehaswrittenover100books.C．HeworksattheUniversityofLondon.D．HelivesintheUSA．4、Whateffectdoestheideaofvirtualwaterhave?A．Ithelpsusrealizetheimportanceoftrade.B．Ithelpspeopledosuccessfulbusiness.C．Ithelpsusmakeuseofwaterscientifically.D．Ittellsushowmuchwaterweuseaday.Text3

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ChillingsworthSoftcover

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back.TheWarAroundUsWolfgang

Peter

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II

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Dresden.

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eventually

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US.

army.

In

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ahard-hitting,first-personlookatthetruefaceofwar.The

Old

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WomenLouisa

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Alcott

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Following

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Women.1、How

much

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online?A．$14.99. B．$25.99.C．$20.79. D．$23.75.2、Whose

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in

Cuba?A．Ernest

Hemingway’s. B．Wolfgang

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Chillingsworth’s. D．Louisa

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Alcott’s.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedatinyvillageofPerachoraOneofMary'sprize1．(possess)wasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher,Shekeptit2．(tie)toatreeinafieldOneevening,however,thelambwasmissingTheropehadbeencut,soitwasobviousthatthelambhadbeenstolenWhenDimitricameinfromthefields,hiswifetoldhim3．hadhappenedDimitriatoncesetouttofindthethiefAftertellingseveralofhisfriendsaboutthetheft,Dimitrifoundoutthathisneighbour,A1eko,hadsuddenlyacquiredanewlambDimitri4．(immediate)wenttoAleko'shouseandangrilyaccusedhim5．stealingthelambHetoldhimhehadbetterreturnitorhewouldcallthepoliceAleko6．(deny)takingitandledDimitriintohisbackyardItwastruethathehadjustboughtalamb,heexplained,buthislambwasblack7．(shame)ofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoA1ekoforhavingaccusedhimWhiletheyweretalkingitbegan8．(rain)andDimitristayedinA1eko'shouseuntiltherainstopped9．hewentoutsidehalfanhourlater,hewas10．(astonish)tofindthatthelittleblacklambwasalmostwhiteItswool,whichhadbeendyedblack,hadbeenwashedcleanbytherain!ItwasgettingdarkwhenIgothomeItwascoldandI1．(wear)acoatIwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket2．(take)outmykey3．Icouldn’tfinditIsuddenlyrememberedthatI4．(leave)itonmydeskintheofficeItreallydidn’tmakeanydifferenceIknewmywife5．(be)athomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschoolbynow,soI6．(knock)atthedoorTherewasnoanswer,soIknockedagainIcontinuedknockingatthedoorforsometimeI7．(get)angryThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoonHesaidthatmywife8．(phone)sayingthatshe9．(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildrenTherewasonlyonethingformetodo:Ihadtoclimein10．a(chǎn)windowSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HowtoWinaDebateCompetitionDebatingdoesn’tmeanthatyoucanenduparguingwithyouropponents(對(duì)手).1、Thefollowingtipsonhowtowinadebatewillfurtherhelpyouout.2、Thisisveryimportant.Ifyoualreadyknowthedebatetopicthatyouaregoingtodebateon,learnasmuchaboutitasyoucan.Researchonitandthenformopinionsaboutit.Onlyifyouknowsomethinginandout,willyoubeabletotalkconvincinglyonit.2Beconfident.Whenyouareputtingyourpointinfrontofyouropponentsaswellastheaudience,besureofyourself.Alongwiththewords,yourbodylanguage,voicemodulation(語(yǔ)調(diào))andeyecontact,willplayamajorpartinyoursuccessindebating.3、Givereallifeexamples.Whiledebating,makeuseofverysimplelanguage,whichyouraudiencecanunderstandveryeasily.Giveasmanyrealexamplesasyoucanwhenmakingapoint.4、Thus,thejudgesandaudiencewillfindyoumuchmoreconvincing.Bedescriptive.Towinanydebate,thereissomethingaboutthehumanmindthatyoushouldbeawareof.Thethingwithushumansisthatifweseesomething,webelieveandrememberitmuchmorethansomethingwemerelyhear!5、Tellyourpointofviewinsuchawaythattheycanactually“see”whatyouaresaying.Ifyouaresomehowabletopullthisoff,thereisnodoubtthatyouwillbethewinnerofthedebatecompetition!Followthetipsmentionedabove,andwithtime,youwillseeyourselfwinningoveryourjudgesandaudience.A．Bewellprepared.B．Promotedialogueinsteadofarguingwithyouropponents.C．Trytopaintapictureinthemindofyourjudgesandaudience.D．Soparticipateinasmanydebatingcontestsasyoucan.E.Toproveyourpoint,tellsomethingyouorsomeoneelsehaspersonallyexperienced.F.Sopracticewithfriendsorinfrontofthemirrorsothatyouarecertainofyourability.G.Yourmainpurposeistoconvinceyouraudiencewhatyouaresayingisright.Somepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayoncetheylearnhowtodriveacar.Formanypeople,bicyclingisnotjustaneasywayofgettingaroundtownbutalsoanexcitingsport.1、.Onekindofraceisthetimetrial.Eachracerleavesthestartinglineatadifferenttimeandheadshardforthefinishline.Thecyclistwhocoversthedistanceintheshortestamountoftimewinstherace.2、,becauset