儀表系統(tǒng)試驗方案(中英)

儀表系統(tǒng)試驗方案TestSchemeofInstrumentSystem1、編制說明：1.1、儀表系統(tǒng)試驗是在儀表設(shè)備安裝、管路、線路及施工完成后，中間交接前儀表工程施工的最后一道工序，是對已完儀表工程的檢驗，是儀表系統(tǒng)正常投運的保障。為了較好的完成儀表系統(tǒng)試驗，特編制此方案。1.2、本方案是以常規(guī)控制為例來編寫的，如為DCS或PLC控制系統(tǒng)，系統(tǒng)試驗現(xiàn)場部分可參見此方案。如為現(xiàn)場總線系統(tǒng)，則需另外編寫。2、編制依據(jù)：2.1、施工合同及協(xié)議。2.2、工程施工圖及相關(guān)設(shè)計文件。2.3、產(chǎn)品說明書。2.4、現(xiàn)行的《自動化儀表工程施工及驗收規(guī)范》。2.5、現(xiàn)行的《自動化儀表安裝工程質(zhì)量檢驗評定標準》。2.6、現(xiàn)行的《化學工業(yè)大、中型裝置試車工業(yè)規(guī)范》。3、工程概況（包括：工程名稱、范圍、地點、規(guī)模、特點、工期要求等）：工程量見下表序號名稱單位數(shù)量1壓力檢測（報警）回路回路2壓力調(diào)節(jié)回路回路3溫度檢測（報警）回路回路4溫度調(diào)節(jié)回路回路5流量檢測（報警）回路回路6流量調(diào)節(jié)回路回路7液位檢測（報警）回路回路8液位調(diào)節(jié)回路回路9分析調(diào)節(jié)回路回路10分析檢測回路回路11工藝機械、開關(guān)報警回路回路12連鎖系統(tǒng)回路13氣體報警回路回路4、儀表系統(tǒng)試驗的一般規(guī)定：GeneralDescriptionofInstrumentsystemtest:4.1、系統(tǒng)試驗應(yīng)具備下列條件：Conditionsofsystemtestasfollowing：4.1.1、儀表設(shè)備已經(jīng)過單體校準試驗，并已安裝完畢，規(guī)格型號符合設(shè)計要求。Instrumenthasbeencarriedoutsingle-calibrationandinstalled.Itsspecificationandtypeshallbecompliancewithdesignrequirement.4.1.2、取源部件位置適當，測量管路安裝正確無誤，已吹掃、試壓合格。Thepositionofsampling-sourcecomponentsshallbeproper.Impulsepipingshallbecorrectlyinstalled.Blowingandpressuretesthavebeensuccessfullycompleted.4.1.3、氣動信號管符合設(shè)計要求，已吹掃，氣密性試驗合格，已通入清潔、干燥、壓力穩(wěn)定的儀表空氣Pneumaticsignalpipeshallbecompliancewithdesignrequirement.BlowingandairtighttestisOK,andthepipinghasbeenfullofclean,dryandsteady-pressureinstrumentair.4.1.4、電氣回路已進行校線及絕緣檢查，接線正確，端子接線牢固，接觸良好。Wiringandinsulationofelectric-loophavebeeninspected.Terminalconnectionistight,correctandwellcontact.4.1.5、接地系統(tǒng)完好，接地電阻符合設(shè)計要求。Earthingsystemiswellanditsresistanceshallcomplywithdesignrequirement.4.1.6、電源、電壓、頻率、容量符合要求，總開關(guān)、各分支開關(guān)和保險絲容量符合圖紙要求。Powersupply,voltage,frequencyandcapacityshouldmeetrequest.Mainswitch,sub-switchesandfusecapacitanceshallaccordwithdrawingrequirement.4.1.7、如果監(jiān)視及控制部分為DCS系統(tǒng)及PLC，則系統(tǒng)本身應(yīng)已送電，硬件及軟件試驗檢查已完成（DCS系統(tǒng)調(diào)試方案第一、二層次已完成）；如果監(jiān)視及控制部分為常規(guī)儀表，應(yīng)具備送電條件。IfmonitoringandcontrolsectionsincludingDCSandPLC,systemitselfshallbeenenergized;Softwareandhardwaretestandcheckinghavebeenfinished.Iftheyaregeneralinstrument,energizingconditionhasexisted.4.2、每個系統(tǒng)試驗之前應(yīng)按系統(tǒng)中儀表要求的時間進行通電預(yù)熱。Carryingoutenergizingtopreheataccordingtospecifiedtimeofsysteminstrumentbeforetestforsystem.4.3、做檢測系統(tǒng)試驗時，試驗點一般應(yīng)按設(shè)計量程（或信號）的0%、50%、100%、100%、50%、0%三點上行、下行試驗，確認顯示單元顯示范圍符合設(shè)計要求，顯示的最大誤差值及回差值應(yīng)小于該系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)誤差值（系統(tǒng)誤差為該系統(tǒng)參與試驗的各單臺儀表允許誤差平方和的平方根值）。Whentestfordetectingsystem,choosingthreepointsupanddownruntestofdesignrange0%,50%,100%,100%,50%,0%.Verifyingindicationscopeofindicatingunitscorrespondwithdesign.Themaximumerrorandreturningerrorshallbelessthansystematicerror.(Systematicerroristhesquarerootoftoleranceerrorsquaresumofeverysingle-instrumentbeingparticipatedinsystemtest.)4.4、聯(lián)鎖報警試驗時，應(yīng)首先確認聯(lián)鎖報警設(shè)定值，試驗誤差不大于允許的系統(tǒng)誤差值。Whenactinginterlockalarmtest,verifyinginterlockalarmingsettingvaluefirstly.Testerrorshallnotbegreaterthanallowance.4.5、每個系統(tǒng)試驗完成后，應(yīng)把如線路、箱蓋、槽蓋、管路、閥門等在試驗中改變過狀態(tài)的設(shè)備及線路恢復(fù)到原始狀態(tài)或合理的狀態(tài)。Aftersystemhasbeentested,thoseequipmentswhoseconditionhaschangedduringtestsuchaswire-route,boxcovers,channelcovers,pipelinesandvalvesshallbeenregainedtoprimaryorreasonablecondition.4.6、系統(tǒng)試驗是儀表施工的最后一道工序，是施工單位與建設(shè)單位進行中間交接的過程，因此，系統(tǒng)試驗人員應(yīng)會同甲方、監(jiān)理、工藝操作人員共同進行試驗，并按交工表格要求做好系統(tǒng)試驗記錄。Systemtestisthelastprocessofinstrumentconstructionandintermediateacceptancebetweencontractorandclient.Therefore,Instrumentregulationworkertogetherwithclient,supervisor,andprocessoperators,andrecordsystemtestrecorderaccordingtohandingoversheet.4.7、系統(tǒng)試驗中使用的標準儀器，精度應(yīng)符合要求，并在有效使用期內(nèi)。Precisionofstandardinstrumentappliedinsystemtestshallbeaccordedwithrequirement,andbewithininspectingvalidperiod.5、試驗方法：Testmethod:5.1、壓力檢測回路試驗：PressuredetectingLoopTest:5.1.1、氣動儀表檢測回路：Pneumaticinstrumentmeasurementloop:把壓力信號發(fā)生器（帶壓力顯示）壓力輸出口和氣動壓變的測量口連接，氣動壓變的輸出口接三通連接標準壓力顯示儀表，接通氣動壓變及氣動顯示儀的氣源按設(shè)備規(guī)格表要求，使信號發(fā)生器緩緩依次輸出變送器測量范圍的三點上下行值，分別記錄試驗值（顯示儀表讀數(shù)應(yīng)以表針不再移動為準），顯示儀表的試驗誤差值應(yīng)符合要求。Connectpressureoutletofpressuresignalgeneratorwithmeasurementmouthofpneumaticpressuretransformer.Joinoutputofpneumaticpressuretransformertoteeandconnectingstandardpressuretransformerandindicator.Accordingtoequipmentspecificationtable,makesignalgeneratoroutputslowlyandsequentiallythreeupanddowngoingpoints’valueswithinrangeoftransmitter,andwritedowntestresultapart.(Indicationinstrumentpointershallnotmove.)Testerrorofindicationinstrumentshallaccordwithrequirement.5.1.2、電動儀表檢測回路Electricalinstrumentmeasurementloop:把壓力信號發(fā)生器（帶壓力顯示）壓力輸出口和壓變的測量口連接，把標準電流表串聯(lián)到系統(tǒng)回路里，檢測變送器的輸出，按設(shè)備規(guī)格表要求量程，使信號發(fā)生器緩慢依次輸出變送器測量范圍的三點上下行值，分別記錄試驗值，顯示儀表的試驗誤差值應(yīng)符合要求。Connectingpressureoutputofsignalgenerator(withpressureindication)withmeasurementmouthofpressuretransformer.ShuntingstandardcurrentmeterintosystemloopInspectingandmeasurementtransmitteroutput,selectingrangeintermofequipmentspecificationtable,makingsignalgeneratoroutputslowlythreeupanddownpoints’valuesoftransmittermeasurementlimitoneafteranother,takingdowntestresultseparately.Andtesterrorofindicationinstrumentshallcorrespondwithrequirement.5.1.3、智能壓力變送器作為測量儀表：Takingintelligentpressuretransmitterasmeasuredinstrument:在進行系統(tǒng)試驗前，應(yīng)在DCS系統(tǒng)調(diào)入智能變送器組態(tài)在線自檢，檢查該變送器位號、單位、量程及溫度應(yīng)符合要求，然后做修改參數(shù)試驗。然后在現(xiàn)場用手持式通訊器強制變送器輸出量程的0%、50%、100%、50%、0%，并在DCS檢查其精度是否符合要求。Priortosystemtest,carryingoutinlineself-inspectionbyintelligentmanual-operator,attheplacewheresystemgoesthroughcontrolroomterminal.ConnectandchecktransmittertagNo.,unitandrangecompliancewithrequirementandfieldsituation.Andthen,modifyparametertotestandinspectlocation-outputcurrent.Afterfinishingtest,doingsystematicsimulationtest.5.2、溫度檢測回路試驗：TestofTemperatureCheckingandMeasurementLoop:5.2.1、線路電阻的測量與配制：Measureandconfectadescriptionofcircuitresistance.a、熱電阻測量系統(tǒng)（不帶溫變）：系統(tǒng)試驗之前應(yīng)首先把溫度顯示單元后的信號輸入線拆下，信號電纜從熱電阻接線端子上拆下分別短接，測量線路阻值分別除2，該阻值加上顯示單元后接線端子上每根線上的錳銅無感調(diào)整電阻值應(yīng)和顯示單元標尺板上標明的外接線路電阻值相等，允許誤差為±0.1Ω。RTDmeasurementsystem(withouttemp-changer):Dismountsignalinput-linewhichbebehindtemp-indicationunitbeforetest.DisconnectingsignalcablefromconnectionterminalofRTDandshort-connectionrespectively.Measurecircuitresistanceanddivide2apart.Theresistanceaddedthatofmanganese-coppernon-inductionregulationofeverywireonconnectionterminalbehinddisplayunitshallbeequaltoexternal-connectionresistancenotedondisplayunitscaleboard.Deviationerroris±0.1Ω.b、由熱電偶、動圈儀表組成的測溫系統(tǒng)：Temperaturemeasurementsystemcomposedofthermocouplemovable-ring:系統(tǒng)試驗之前首先從動圈儀表后拆下輸入線，測量線路電阻值，該阻值加上錳銅無感調(diào)整電阻值應(yīng)和動圈表標尺板上標明的外接線路電阻值相等，允許誤差為±0.1Ω。Priortotest,atfirst,disconnectinputwirefrombackofmovable-ringinstrument,andmeasurementcircuitresistance.Itaddedresistancemanganese-coppernon-inductionregulationshouldbeequaltoexternal-connectionresistancemarkedonscaleboardofmovableringgauge.Deviationerroris±0.1Ω.5.2.2、熱電阻作為測量元件：TakingRTDasmeasurementcomponent:在進行系統(tǒng)試驗之前，應(yīng)先查看溫度顯示儀表顯示值應(yīng)為該熱電阻所在位置的環(huán)境溫度，然后把電纜從熱電阻接線端子拆下，接到標準電阻箱上，根據(jù)設(shè)備規(guī)格表要求分度量程，查對對應(yīng)的溫度對照表，Priortosystemtest,firstly,observingcarefullyindicatingvalueoftemperatureindicationinstrumentshallbethesituationtemperature,whichRTDwaslocated.Andthen,dismountingcablefromRTDconnectionterminalandconnectingtostandardresistancebox,choosingcorrespondingdivisionrangeaccordingtoequipmentspecificationtable,lookingupcorrespondingtemperaturecontrasttable.分別給出量程的三點上下行電阻值（50%測量點可選附近相對整數(shù)的電阻值），分別記錄試驗值，顯示儀表試驗誤差值應(yīng)符合要求。Givingthree-pointupanddownrunresistanceofrangerespectively(50%measurementpointcanselectresistancenearrelativeinteger)andwritingdowntestrecorder.Testerrorofindicatinginstrumentshallcomeuptorequirement.5.2.3、熱電偶作為測量元件：Consideringthermocoupleasmeasurementcomponent:在進行系統(tǒng)試驗之前，應(yīng)先查看溫度顯示單元顯示值應(yīng)為該測溫點的環(huán)境溫度然后把補償導線從熱偶接線端子上拆下，按正負接到mv發(fā)生器上，根據(jù)設(shè)備規(guī)格表要求分度量程，查對對應(yīng)的mv對照表，分別給出量程的三點上下行mv值（50%測量點可選附近相對整數(shù)的mv值），記錄試驗值，顯示儀表的試驗誤差值應(yīng)符合要求。Priortotest,firstly,chekingupindicationvalueoftemperatureindicationunitshallbetheenvironmenttemperatureofmeasuredpoint,then,dismountingcompensationlead-wirefromthermocoupleconnectionterminal,andconnectingtomvgeneratorintermofplusandminus.Selectingdivisionrangeaccordingtoequipmentspecificationtable,lookingupcorrespondingmvcontrasttable,sendingoutthree-pointupanddownrunvaluesofrange(50%measurementpointmaychoosenearrelativeintegermvvalve)andrecordingtestvalue.Testerrorofindicatinginstrumentshallaccordwithrequirement.5.3、流量檢測回路：FlowdetectingLoop:5.3.1、常規(guī)流量計作為測量儀表：Havinggeneralflowmeterasmeasurementinstrument:試驗之前，應(yīng)首先確認流量計安裝方向及前后直管段應(yīng)符合要求，然后從流量計端子上拆下信號線，分別送出相應(yīng)的電流或頻率信號，記錄試驗值，顯示儀表試驗誤差應(yīng)符合要求。Beforetest,verifyingflowmeterinstallingdirectionandfrontandbackstraight-pipeshallconformtorequirement,thendismountingsignalwirefromtheterminalofflowmeter,sendingoutcorrespondingsignalofcurrentorfrequency,andrecordingtestresult.Testerrorofindicationinstrumentshallcomeuptorequirement.5.3.2、用節(jié)流元件的差壓式流量儀表（流量差壓變送器）作為測量儀表：TakingD/Pflowinginstrument(flowingD/Ptransmitter)astobemeasuredinstrument:把壓力信號發(fā)生器連接到差變的正壓室，負壓室通大氣，標準電流表串聯(lián)到測量回路里，分別使壓力信號發(fā)生器輸出設(shè)備規(guī)格表要求量程的0%、25%、100%、100%、25%、0%，對應(yīng)顯示值應(yīng)為流量量程的0%、50%、100%、100%、50%、0%，記錄試驗值，顯示儀表試驗誤差應(yīng)符合要求。Connectpressuresignalgeneratortotransformerpositive-pressurechamber,andnegativepressurechambertoatmosphere.Makestandardcurrentmeterconnectinseriestomeasurementloop.Letpressuresignalgeneratoroutput0%,25%,100%.100%,25%,0%ofrangeaccordingtoequipmentspecificationtable,andcorrespondingindicationshallbe0%,50%,100%,100%,50%,0%offlowingrange.Takingdowntestresult.Errorshallbewithinrequirement.5.3.3、帶流量計算機的質(zhì)量流量計作為測量儀表：Keepingmassmeterwithflowingcomputerasmeasurementinstrument:先使流量計算機進行自檢，通過后，從流量計算機里找到被測介質(zhì)的粘度、密度、流量量程等參數(shù)應(yīng)和規(guī)格書中相同，壓力和溫度補償（如果有）顯示值應(yīng)符合當時情況，Afterpassingitself-inspectionofflowingcomputer,findparameterssuchasviscosity,density,flowingrangeofmediumtobemeasuredfromflowingcomputerandkeepthemthesameasspecificationinstruction.Indicationofpressureandtemperaturecompensation(ifexist)shallbecompliancewithfieldcondition.給流量計算機置位分別輸出三點上下行模擬信號，顯示單元應(yīng)有相應(yīng)流量顯示，記錄試驗值，最大誤差應(yīng)符合要求Inputthree-pointupanddowngoingsimulativesignaltoflowingcomputerseparately,correspondingindicationwillappearandwritedowntestresult.Thebiggesterrorshallbecompliancewithrequirement.對于質(zhì)量流量計，在開表前，應(yīng)再進行一次零點校準。方法是：被測物科全部充滿檢測元件，沒有氣泡，然后通過流量計算機進行零點校準即可。Zeropointregulationshallbecarriedoutagainformassflowmeterbeforeopenthegauge.Methodis:Tobemeasuredobjectisfilledwithcheckingelements,withoutbubble,thenactzero-pointcalibrationthroughflowingcomputer5.4、物位檢測回路：Displacementdetectingloop:5.4.1、外浮筒液位計作為測量儀表：Takingexternalpontoonlevelmeterasmeasurementinstrument:在該系統(tǒng)中串聯(lián)一標準電流表，根據(jù)被測介質(zhì)的比重計算出用水校驗時的測量范圍（計算公式見單臺儀表校準試驗方案），在排污處加水分別給出三點上下行值，分別記錄試驗值，顯示儀表的試驗誤差應(yīng)符合要求。Connectinseriesastandardammeterintothissystem.Accordingtodensityofbeingmeasuredmedium,calculatemeasurementrangewithwater.(Calculationformulareferstotestplanforsingle-instrumentregulation.)Feedwateratdrainageoutlettogivethree-pointupanddownrunvalue,andrecordtestresult.Testerrorofindicatorshallmeetwithclaim.5.4.2、單雙法蘭液位變送器作為測量儀表，首先應(yīng)根據(jù)液位儀表計算表查對該液位是否有遷移量，F(xiàn)orsingleordoubleflangeleveltransmitterasmeasureinstrument,checkingthelevelmeterwhetherhastransferenceornotaccordingtocalculationtableoflevelinstrument.如果沒有，顯示單元液位應(yīng)指示為0（雙法蘭應(yīng)把正負壓室壓力傳導介質(zhì)造成的壓力差遷移掉），如果計算表中有遷移量，則顯示單元液位應(yīng)指示為零下；levelindicatoriszeroifnot,(Removingoffpressure-differencecausedbypressuretransmittingmediumofpositiveandnegativepressurechamberconcerningdouble-flange)Ifexistenceoftransference,levelindicationshallbeunderzero然后把信號電纜從變送器端子拆下，接入mA發(fā)生器，分別送出三點上下行mA值，顯示儀表試驗誤差應(yīng)符合要求。Thendisconnectsignalcablefromtransmitterterminal,connectintomAgenerator,andsendoutthree-pointupanddowngoingmAvalueseparately.Testerrorofindicationinstrumentshallcomeuptorequirement如果是智能變送器作為測量儀表，在進行系統(tǒng)試驗前，應(yīng)在DCS系統(tǒng)調(diào)入智能變送器組態(tài)在線自檢，檢查該變送器位號、單位、量程及溫度應(yīng)符合要求，然后做修改參數(shù)試驗。然后在現(xiàn)場用手持式通訊器強制變送器輸出量程的0%、50%、100%、50%、0%并DCS檢查其精度是否符合要求。5.4.3、內(nèi)浮筒、浮球、電容式、射頻導納、雷達、鋼帶、伺等料面液位計作為測量儀表。Keepingmaterial-facelevelgaugesuchasinternalpontoon,floatingball,capacitor,radio-frequency,radar,steelstrapetc.asmeasurementinstrument.料面液位計的系統(tǒng)試驗應(yīng)和甲方有關(guān)人員協(xié)商，如果可能，應(yīng)由工藝專業(yè)人員配合向被測容器內(nèi)加水（或別的允許的介質(zhì)），進行零位和量程的標定，然后進行5點試驗。Carryoutsystemtestofmaterial-surfacelevelmeterwiththecooperationofclientrelevantpersonnelifpossible,feedwater(orotherpermissivemedium.)tomeasurementcontainerwiththecooperationofprocessspecialworker,markzero-pointandrange,thendo5-pointtest.如果不可能，應(yīng)首先把信號電纜從液位計端子上拆下，直接用信號發(fā)生器加相應(yīng)的模擬信號，誤差應(yīng)符合要求。然后在聯(lián)動試車或化工投料試車階段，用水或物料再做校準試驗。Disconnectsignalcablefromlevelmeterterminalifimpossible,andoutputcorrespondingsimulativesignalwithsignalgenerator.Errorshallcomeuptorequirement.Actcalibrationtestwithwaterormaterialduringthelinkagecommissionorchemicalcommencetest-drive.5.4.4、液位差壓變送器作為測量儀表：HavingD/Pleveltransmitterasmeasurementinstrument.該變送器可參考流量差壓變送器進行系統(tǒng)試驗。TestthetransmitterreferringtoD/Pflowtransmitter5.5、成份檢測系統(tǒng)：Compositionchecking-upsystem；在線分析儀表應(yīng)按說明書要求，先通電恒溫一定時間，按校驗的程序要求通入樣品，樣氣，進行零位及量程的標定，相應(yīng)顯示單元也應(yīng)顯示零位值及滿量程值。Accordingtospecification,energizeandkeepconstanttemperaturetoonlineanalysisinstrumentforsometimefirstly.Inputtingsample,samplegas,andmarkingzero-pointandrange.Correspondingzero-pointvalueandfullrangevaluewillappearinindicationunit.然后用mA發(fā)生器加mA信號，指示應(yīng)為對應(yīng)值，誤差應(yīng)符合要求。Afterawhile,inputmAsignalbymAgenerator,showwillberight,and,errorshallbepermissive.5.6、報警系統(tǒng)試驗：Alarmingsystemtest:5.6.1、檢測系統(tǒng)的報警試驗：Alarmingtestofdetectingsystem:在進行檢測系統(tǒng)報警試驗時，在檢測儀表（元件）處加信號至對應(yīng)的閃光報警器及音響報警，記錄報警值，然后按確認按鈕，閃光報警器應(yīng)變閃光為常光，音響應(yīng)停止報警，再加信號至閃光報警器，閃光報警器應(yīng)常光熄滅，記錄報警解除值，報警誤差值應(yīng)符合要求。Whenactingalarmingtest,pressurizesignalfromcheckingupinstrumentuntilcorrespondingflashalarmandacousticalarmandwritedownalarmingvalue.Then,pressconfirm-pushbutton,flashalarmshallturnflashintocommonlightandacousticshallstopalarming.Pressurizesignaluntilnormallightdisappearanceofflashalarmandtakedownalarmabsolvingvalue.Alarmerrorshallcomplywithrequirement.對DCS系統(tǒng)：在進行檢測系統(tǒng)報警試驗時，在檢測儀表（元件）處加信號至對應(yīng)的DCS點顯示報警并記錄報警值，然后按確認按鈕，再加信號至對應(yīng)的DCS點顯示報警消除，記錄報警解除值，報警誤差值應(yīng)符合要求。5.6.2、壓力開關(guān)作為為檢測元件：Takingpressureswitchasdetectingelement:用壓力信號發(fā)生器給高報（低報）的壓力開關(guān)緩慢加壓（減壓），至對應(yīng)的閃光報警器及音響報警，記錄報警值，然后按確認按鈕，報警器應(yīng)有相應(yīng)動作。Increase(reduce)pressuregraduallytohighalarm(lowalarm)pressureswitchwithpressuresignalgeneratoruptocorrespondingflashalarmoracousticalarming,andrecordalarmingvalue.Thenpressconfirm-pushbuttonandalarmshallhavecorrespondingaction.再減壓（加壓）至閃光報警器熄滅，記錄報警解除值，報警誤差應(yīng)符合要求。Reduce(increase)pressureuptoflashalarmgoingoutandrecordalarm-absolvingvalue.Alarmerrorshallcomeuptorequirement.對DCS系統(tǒng)：用壓力信號發(fā)生器給高報（低報）的壓力開關(guān)緩慢加壓（減壓），至對應(yīng)的DCS點顯示報警記錄報警值，然后按確認按鈕。再減壓（加壓）至對應(yīng)的DCS點消除報警，記錄報警解除值，報警誤差應(yīng)符合要求。5.6.3、溫度開關(guān)、流量開關(guān)、液位開關(guān)作為檢測報警元件：Regardtemperatureswitch,flowswitch,levelswitchasdetectingalarmelement:以上開關(guān)可采用人為短接或人為斷開檢查閃光報警器及報警音響的動作情況應(yīng)符合要求。Applyingtheaboveswitcheswithman-madeshort-connectionorbreakingthoseswitchesinordertoinspectflashalarmandalarmingacousticalarmwhichactionshallbecompliancewithrequirement.對DCS系統(tǒng)：以上開關(guān)可采用人為短接或人為斷開檢查DCS對應(yīng)的報警點動作應(yīng)符合要求。5.6.4、機械位置開關(guān)作為檢測報警元件：Takingmachinepositionswitchasalarmingelement:機械量開關(guān)可以用手改變開關(guān)狀態(tài)檢查報警器動作情況應(yīng)符合要求。Inspectalarmactionthroughmanualchangingswitchcondition.Actionshallcomeuptorequirement.對DCS系統(tǒng)：機械量開關(guān)可以用手改變開關(guān)狀態(tài)檢查DCS報警動作情況應(yīng)符合要求。5.6.5、氣體報警器報警系統(tǒng)：Gasalarmingsystem按下報警試驗按鈕，儀表指針應(yīng)指示報警值，斷開任意一根連線，儀表應(yīng)報警，然后用標準樣氣接觸探頭，儀表應(yīng)報警，并指示相應(yīng)含量。Pushalarmingtestpushbutton,pointershallshowalarmingvalue.Instrumentwillalarmifdisconnectanyonewire.Thenusingstandardsamplegastotouchprobe,instrumentshallalarmandshowcorrespondingcontent對DCS系統(tǒng)：在操作臺上按下報警試驗按鈕，對應(yīng)的DCS點應(yīng)指示報警值，斷開任意一根連線，對應(yīng)的DCS點應(yīng)報警，然后用標準樣氣接觸探頭，對應(yīng)的DCS點應(yīng)報警，并顯示相應(yīng)含量。5.7、聯(lián)鎖保護系統(tǒng)試驗：Interlockprotectionsystemtest:5.7.1首先不投聯(lián)鎖，對所有的聯(lián)鎖條件和聯(lián)鎖結(jié)果分別試驗。檢查聯(lián)鎖動作值應(yīng)符合要求，按鈕、開關(guān)、電磁閥及向電氣專業(yè)送的接點應(yīng)動作靈敏、可靠。Testalltheinterlocktermsandinterlockresultsseparatelywithoutinterlocksystem.Inspectinterlockactionshallcomplywithrequirement.Actionofpushbutton,switch,solenoidvalveandtheconnectionwithelectricequipmentshallbesensitiveandreliable.5.7.2、由相關(guān)專業(yè)配合進行不帶負荷的聯(lián)鎖試驗。首先由相關(guān)專業(yè)人員確認負荷解除，聯(lián)鎖管道里沒有物料，然后使聯(lián)鎖條件都處于正常狀態(tài)，把聯(lián)鎖投上，按該聯(lián)鎖保護系統(tǒng)邏輯圖，分別給出一定的條件，控制閥及控制機泵起動的接觸器應(yīng)相應(yīng)動作。Non-loadinterlocktestshouldbecarriedoutwiththecooperationofrelevantspecialty.Atfirst,verifyingloadingremovalbyrelevantpersonnelandnomaterialininterlockpipe.Thenkeepinterlocktermsnormalandputinterlockintouse.Givingcertaintermsseparatelyaccordingtologicdrawingsofinterlockprotectionsystem,controlvalveandcontactorofpumpstartershallhavecorrespondingaction.5.7.3、由相關(guān)專業(yè)配合進行帶負荷的聯(lián)鎖保護試驗。該項試驗最好在單機試車的同時進行，聯(lián)鎖設(shè)備工作正常后，所有聯(lián)鎖條件都應(yīng)處于正常狀態(tài)，聯(lián)鎖投上，按該聯(lián)鎖保護系統(tǒng)邏輯圖，人為給出一定的聯(lián)鎖條件，聯(lián)鎖設(shè)備應(yīng)有相應(yīng)的動作。burdeninterlockprotectiontestshouldbecarriedoutwiththecooperationofrelevantpersonnel.Thebesttimefortestisatthesametimeofsinglecommission.Afterinterlockdevicesnormallywork,allinterlocktermsshallbenormal.Puttinginterlockintouse,intermoflogicdrawingforinterlockprotectionsystem,givingartificiallycertaininterlockterm,devicesshallhavecorrespondingaction.5.8、調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)試驗：Adjustmentsystemtest:5.8.1、單回路調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)試驗（以DDZ-Ⅲ型調(diào)節(jié)器為例）：Single-loopadjustmentsystemtest(takeDDZ-Ⅲtypeadjustorasexample)調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的測量部分按相應(yīng)的檢測系統(tǒng)試驗進行。Measurementpartsofadjustingsystemshallbeseparatelytestedaccordingtocorrespondingcheckingsystem.b、把調(diào)節(jié)器的手動—自動開關(guān)切為硬手動，測量—校驗開關(guān)置測量位置，用調(diào)節(jié)器的手動操作機構(gòu)分別輸出三點上下行值檢查調(diào)節(jié)閥應(yīng)有相應(yīng)動作，調(diào)節(jié)器和調(diào)節(jié)閥的動作方向應(yīng)符合要求。Switchmanual-autoswitchofadjustortohardmanual,placemeasurement-regulationswitchintobecheckedlocation.Makingmanualoperatorofadjustoroutputthree-pointupanddowngoingvalue.Controlvalveshallhavecorrespondingaction.Actiondirectionofadjustorandcontrolvalveshallcomplywithrequirementc、把手—自動開關(guān)置為軟手動位置，把軟手動操作鍵傾斜，調(diào)節(jié)閥應(yīng)能全行程動作，當調(diào)節(jié)器輸出一定值時，松開軟手動開關(guān)時，調(diào)節(jié)器的輸出應(yīng)能保持，然后使軟手動—自動、自動—軟手動、硬手動—軟手動—自動能實現(xiàn)無平衡無擾動切換。Turnmanual-autoswitchintosoftmanuallocation,andmakesoftmanualoperatingkeyincline.Controlvalvecanactwithinfullrange.Whenadjustoroutputcertaindata,releasesoft-manualswitchandoutputofadjustorcanbepreserved.Then,makesoftmanual-auto.、auto.-softmanual、hardmanual-softmanual-auto.realizenon-disturbanceswitch.d、設(shè)定PID各參數(shù)為一定值，使測量針和給定針有一定偏差，則手—自動開關(guān)切為自動后，輸出應(yīng)按PID曲線變化。SpecifyPIDparameteracertainvalueandmakemeasurementpointerandspecifiedpointerhavecertaindeviation.Aftermanual-autoswitchtransfertoautoswitch,outputchangeshallcomplywithPIDcurve.5.8.2、基地式調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)：Basetypeadjustmentsystem:a、基地式調(diào)節(jié)器如為壓力調(diào)節(jié)，應(yīng)用壓力信號發(fā)生器加壓做檢測試驗，如為溫度調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)節(jié)器指示為測量點環(huán)境溫度。Ifbasetypeadjustorispressureadjustment,pressuresignalgeneratorshallbeusedtopressurizetocheckingexperiment.Ifitistemperatureadjustment,adjustorindicationshallbeconditiontemperatureofmeasuredplace.b、手—自動開關(guān)置為手動，用手動定值器輸出三點上下行值，調(diào)節(jié)閥應(yīng)有相應(yīng)動作。Setmanual-autoswitchinmanualposition,outputthree-pointupanddowngoingvaluewithmanualadjustor,andcontrolvalveshallhavecorrespondingaction.c、設(shè)定PID各參數(shù)為一定值，使測量針和給定針有一定偏差，投自動以后，輸出應(yīng)按PID曲線變化。SpecifyPIDparameteracertainvalue,keepmeasurementpointerandassignedpointerhavesomedeviation.Aftertransferringtoautosite,outputshallcomplywithPIDcurve.5.8.3、復(fù)雜調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的試驗：Testforcomplexadjustmentsystem.串級調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的試驗：Seriesadjustmentsystemtest 主調(diào)主調(diào)節(jié)器副調(diào)節(jié)器執(zhí)行器副對象主對象副測量變送主測量變送給定值F2F1副參數(shù)主參數(shù)上圖為串級調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)典型方塊圖ViceAViceAdjustorffrrrrrrRRrReceivervalueMainAdjustorVicemeasurementtransmitterMainmeasurementtransmitterViceObjectMainObjectvalue vice main Theabovedrawingistypicaldiamondsforseriesadjustmentsystem.①、串級調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)試驗應(yīng)首先按單回路調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)進行主（副）調(diào)節(jié)器的單獨開環(huán)試驗，主調(diào)節(jié)器的輸出發(fā)生變化，副調(diào)節(jié)器的設(shè)定針（副調(diào)節(jié)器已改為外給定）應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化。Duringtest,doingsingleopen-ringtestofmainadjustoraccordingassingle-loopadjustmentsystematfirst.Whenmainadjustoroutputchange,andspecifiedpointerofvice-adjustorwillchangecorrespondingly.(Vice-adjustorhasbeenturnedintoexternalassignment)②、手—自動開關(guān)置為自動，使主調(diào)節(jié)器輸出為一恒定值，改變副測量參數(shù)，使副調(diào)節(jié)器測量與給定有一差值，則執(zhí)行器應(yīng)有相應(yīng)變化。Placemanual-autoswitchinautolocation,andkeepmainadjustoroutputaconstantvalue.Varyvice-measurementparameter,andmakemeasurementofvice-adjustorandassignmentexistadifferencewhenactuatorshallhavecorrespondingchange.③、使副測量參數(shù)保持一恒定值，置主調(diào)節(jié)器手—自動開關(guān)切為自動，改變主測量參數(shù)值，使主調(diào)節(jié)器測量針與設(shè)定針有一定差值，則執(zhí)行器應(yīng)有相應(yīng)變化。Keepvice-measurementparameterpreserveaconstantvalue,shiftmanual-autoswitchofmainadjustortoauto.Varymainmeasurementparameter,existadifferencebetweenmainadjustormeasurementpointerandspecifiedpointer,so,actuatorshallhavecorrespondingshift.比值調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)（以單閉環(huán)比值調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)為例，采用乘法器）：Ratiotestsystem(takesingleclosed-ringratiotestsystemasexample,applyingmultiplier)乘法器調(diào)節(jié)器乘法器調(diào)節(jié)器執(zhí)行器副物料主物料給定系數(shù)KQ2=KQ1副測量Q2主測量Q1上圖為單閉環(huán)比值調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的典型方塊圖MModulusQ2=KQ1 .AdjustorffrrrrrrRRrAdjustorffrrrrrrRRrActuatorMultiplierVicemeasurementQ2MainmeasurementQ1ViceMaterialMainMaterial.①、首先按單回路調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)進行調(diào)節(jié)器的開環(huán)試驗。然后進行和乘法器的運算試驗，置調(diào)節(jié)器的給定開關(guān)為外給定，乘法器的輸出應(yīng)對應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)器的給定針指示值，并等于主測量Q1的K倍。Carryingoutopen-ringtestaccordingtosingle-loopadjustmentsystematfirst.Then,actingoperationtestwithmultiplier.Specifiedswitchofadjustorhasbeensetexternally.MultiplieroutputshallaccordwithpointerindicationvalueofadjustorandequaltoKQ1(Q1—mainmeasurement).②、置調(diào)節(jié)器手—自動開關(guān)為自動，使乘法器輸出為一恒定值，改變副測量Q2，使調(diào)節(jié)器測量與給定值有差值，則執(zhí)行器應(yīng)有相應(yīng)變化。Setmanual-autoswitchofadjustorinauto.Location,andmakemultiplieroutputaconstantvalue.VaryingvicemeasurementQ2,andkeepingsomedifferencebetweenadjustormeasurementandspecifiedvalue,actuatorshallhavecorrespondingtransformation.③、使副測量Q2保持恒定值，改變主測量值，執(zhí)行器應(yīng)有相應(yīng)變化。Keepvice-measurementQ2constant,andchangemainmeasurementvalue.Actuatorwillhavecorrespondingchange。c、前饋調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)（以前饋—反饋調(diào)節(jié)為例）：Feed-frontadjustmentsystem(takingfeed-frontfeedbackadjustmentasexample).Thefollowingisitstypicalpanedrawing.下圖為前饋—反饋調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的典型方塊圖反饋反饋調(diào)節(jié)器前饋調(diào)節(jié)器對象加法器執(zhí)行器反饋測量前饋測量給定給定－－FeedbackAdjustorActuatorTantalizerFeedbackAdjustorActuatorTantalizerTargetFeed-frontAdjustorFeed-frontmeasurementFeedbackmeasuringGiving_Giving_①、首先按單回路調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)進行反饋（前饋）調(diào)節(jié)器的單獨試驗，試驗時，先使前饋（反饋）調(diào)節(jié)器輸出為0。Doingsingle-testoffeedback(feed-front)adjustoraccording5.8.1atfirst.Whentest,makefeedback(feed-front)adjustoroutputzero.②、讓前饋（反饋）調(diào)節(jié)器輸出一定值，改變反饋（前饋）測量，則加法器輸出到執(zhí)行器上的值應(yīng)為兩調(diào)節(jié)器輸出之和。需要注意的是，前饋調(diào)節(jié)器的正反作用方式是否正確。Letfeed-front(feedback)adjustoroutputacertainvalue,changefeedback(feed-front)measurement.So,valuewhichadderoutputtoactuatorshallbecombinationoftwoadjustorsoutputvalue.Becareful,whetheroutputactionandreactionstyleoffeed-frontadjustorisrightornot.d、選擇性調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)（以鍋爐連續(xù)型選擇性調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)為例）：Selectiveadjustmentsystem(takingselectionadjustmentsystemofboilercontinuityasexample)－－給定－給定蒸汽壓調(diào)節(jié)器燃氣壓調(diào)節(jié)器蒸氣壓力對象壓變壓變低選器調(diào)節(jié)閥燃料壓力對象上圖為鍋爐連續(xù)型選擇性調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的方框圖SpecifyingSpecifyingPressuretransfromitterSteampress-adjustorSpecifyingSpecifyingPressuretransfromitterSteampress-adjustoradjustorLowpressureSteamPressureTargetControlValveGaspreTargetPressuretransmitterGaspressureadjustorItisthepanedrawingforselectionadjustmentsystemofboilercontinuitytype.①、首先按單回路調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)進行蒸氣及燃料氣壓調(diào)節(jié)器的單獨開環(huán)試驗。試驗時，先使燃料氣（蒸氣）調(diào)節(jié)器的輸出為最大。Executingsingleopen-ringexperimentofsteamorcombustiongaspressureadjustoratfirstaccordingtosingle-loopadjustmentsystem.Duringexperiment,makecombustiongas(steam)adjustoroutputmaximum。②、讓燃料氣（蒸氣）壓力調(diào)節(jié)器的輸出高于蒸氣（燃料氣）調(diào)節(jié)器的輸出，則調(diào)節(jié)閥相應(yīng)為蒸氣（燃料氣）調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)，而隨參數(shù)的變化調(diào)節(jié)閥應(yīng)發(fā)生相應(yīng)變化，而當燃料氣（蒸氣）壓力調(diào)節(jié)器的輸出低于蒸氣（燃料氣）調(diào)節(jié)器輸出時，則低選器輸出到調(diào)節(jié)閥上的值應(yīng)相應(yīng)由燃料氣（蒸氣）來控制。需特別注意的是，該系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合正常控制及危險控制參數(shù)選擇的正確性。Ifletoutputofcombustiongas(steam)pressureadjustorbehigherthanthatofsteam(combustiongas)adjustmentsystem,controlvalveshallbesteam(combustiongas)adjustmentsystem,andappearcorrespondingchangealongwithparameterchange.Whenou