2024年中考英語專項復(fù)習(xí)：形容詞

形容詞常見形容詞后綴：-able:comfortable,suitable,enjoyable-al:natural,local,traditional-ant:pleasant,important,abundant-ary:necessary,literary,ordinary-ed:excited,warm-hearted,bored,interested-ent:independent,different-ful:hopeful,careful,wonderful,colorful-ible:terrible,horrible,possible-ing:exciting,boring,interesting-ish:foolish,selfish,childish-ive:creative,active-ious:delicious,serious,curious-ical:typical,musical,physical-less:hopeless,careless,helpless-ly:friendly,lovely-ous:famous,fabulous-some:handsome,awesome,troublesome-y:dirty,angry,hungry,rainy形容詞的位置一般置于被修飾詞前Eg:Ihaveasmartpet.Studentsaresobusyandtheyhavenosparetime.置于被修飾詞后的情況以a-起首的形容詞一般用作表語，但這類詞中有些也可作后置定語，如alone,afraid,asleep,alive等。Eg:Hemustbethebestbasketballplayeralive.Heisamanafraidofnothing.形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞，如something,anything,everyone等，需要置于其后Eg:I’dlikesomethingsweettoeat.Thereisnothingwrongwiththewatch.具有表語作用的形容詞聯(lián)合使用時Eg:Theboy,tired,hungryandthirsty,felldownonthestreet.Ihaveneverreadsuchanovelsoinspiringandinteresting.形容詞詞組（短語）作定語Eg:Thebottlefilledwithmilkismybabysister’s.Allthesearemattersworthofattention.注意：同一形容詞作前置定語和后置定語時，其意義可能不同。Eg:Pleasewritedownyourpresentaddress.請寫下你現(xiàn)在的住址。Thepeoplepresentarehisgoodfriends.在場的人是他的好朋友。形容詞的比較等級原級比較：用于兩者程度相同的比較在肯定句中用“as+原級形容詞+as”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前后兩者的情況一樣Eg:TomisastallasPeter.在否定句中用“notso/as+原級形容詞+as”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前者不如后者Eg:Sheisnotas/sobusyashersister.如果第一個so/as后的形容詞作定語修飾名詞，應(yīng)將該名詞放在第一個so/as后Eg:Wehaveplantedasmanytreesaswedidlastyear.比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成原級比較級最高級一般在詞尾加-er,-estsmartsmartersmartest以e結(jié)尾只加-r,-stnicenicernicest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，將y變?yōu)閕再加-er,-esthappyhappierhappiest以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫這一輔音字母后，再加-er,-estthinthinnerthinnest部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more,mostimportantmoreimportantmostimportant分詞形容詞的比較級和最高級一般在其前加more,mostinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingexcitingmoreexcitingmostexciting不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good,wellbetterbestmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad,illworseworstfarfarther（只指距離）farthest（只指距離）further（指距離也只程度）furthest（指距離也只程度）oldolder（指年齡、新舊、血緣）oldest（指年齡、新舊、血緣）elder（只指血緣）eldest（只指血緣）比較級的用法比較級+thanEg:JennyhasmorebooksthanJimmydoes.比較級+and+比較級Eg:It’sgettinghotterandhotter.the+比較級...,the+比較級Eg:Themoreyoueat,theheavieryouwillbe.the+比較級（+ofthetwo）Eg:ThelargerofthetwohousesbelongstoMissWhite.morethan（多于）,notmorethan（不比.....多）,lessthan（少于）,notlessthan（不少于......）,less+形容詞+than（不如......）Eg:Ithinkdogsarelesscutethancats.Morethan500studentswillattendthemeeting.使用比較級常見錯誤比較的范圍或?qū)ο蟪鲥eEg:ThelengthofNileislongerthanYangtzeRiver.(×)ThelengthofNileislongerthanthatofYangtzeRiver.(√)ChinaislagerthananycountryinAsia.(×)ChinaislagerthananyothercountryinAsia.(√)ChinaislagerthananycountryinAfrica.(√)“not+比較級+than”與“no+比較級+than”表達(dá)的意義完全不同。前者常常表示“一方不如另一方”，后者表示“雙方都不......”Eg:MySpanishisnotbetterthanyou.我的西班牙語不如你好。MySpanishisnobetterthanyou.我的西班牙語和你一樣差。比較級的修飾語:much,far,byfar,still,even,no,any,alot,alittle,abit,agreatdeal,rather,twice,twothirds等Eg:Heisevenfatterthanbefore.Yourappleistwicebiggerthanmine.最高級的用法the+形容詞最高級+名詞+表示范圍的詞組或從句Eg:Herbikeisthenewestoneintheneighborhood.Frozenisthemostinterestingmovieofthethreeones.oneofthe+形容詞最高級+課時數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式+表示范圍的詞組或從句Eg:Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.比較級形式表達(dá)最高級含義Eg:Mr.Blackisverygladbecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeenmorepopular.Sheistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.=Sheistallerthantheothergirlsinherclass.=Sheistallerthantherestofthegirlsinherclass.形容詞的常用句型It+be+形容詞+ofsb.+不定式（強(qiáng)調(diào)某人的品質(zhì)）Eg:It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewithmymath.It+be+形容詞+forsb.+不定式（強(qiáng)調(diào)某物）Eg:It’sdifficultformetolearnphysicswell.主語+be+形容詞+不定式Eg:Jackisalwaysreadytohelpothers.易錯形容詞用法解析good與well:good作定語和表語；well一般作表語，且只表示“身體好”，另外well還有副詞詞性。Eg:Eatingcarrotsisgoodforoureyes.--Howareyou?---I’mverywell.（我身體很好）以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞:以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞一般修飾事物，而以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞則常常修飾人Eg:Thefootballgameisexciting.I’mexcited.elder和older:elder意為“年長的”，只指人，強(qiáng)調(diào)長幼關(guān)系，不用于than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中；older意為“年齡較大的，較舊的”，可指人和物。Eg:Sheismyeldersister.Myelderbrotheris5yearsolderthanmyyoungersister.單項選擇。1.TheForbiddenCityattractsa___streamofvisitorseveryday.A.constantB.mainC.powerfulD.shallow2.Thereisn'tanairportnearwhereIlive.The__oneisabout90milesaway.A.busiestB.farthestC.newestD.nearest3.Iknowthisplanisfarfromperfect,butIjustcan'tthinkof___one.A.abetterB.thebetterC.abestD.thebest4.-It'soneofthe__thingsintheworldtostaywithfriends.-Iagree.Italwaysmakesusrelaxed.A.worstB.happiestC.busiestD.hardest5.-Howareyougettingalongwithyournewclassmates?-Verywell.Theyareall_____me.A.afraidofB.friendlytoC.angrywithD.sorryfor6.It'ssuchan____filmthatallthestudentsare___init.A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestingC.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested7.Toprotectenvironmentis__totakecareofourlives.A.importantB.themoreimportantC.themostimportantD.asimportantas8.Thisfilmismuch_thanthatone.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.themostinterestingD.ve