初一筆記 公開課教學設(shè)計

U1T1掌握26個字母的規(guī)范書寫及讀音。5個元音字母：Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu.掌握認讀48個國際音標，了解元音音標（20）和輔音音標（28）。morning/afternoon/evening!4.Nicetomeet/seeyou(too).5.--Howdoyoudo?--Howdoyoudo?問候語一般情況下要一致6.WelcometoChina!Welcometo+地點歡迎到……7.--Howareyou?--Iamfine./Fine,thanks.道謝表達方式：Thanks!或者Thank+賓語（人）Thisismyteacher.介紹常用：Thisis….Hereyouare.英語句子首字母，人的姓名，地名，稱謂,專有名詞首字母都要大寫。句子語音語調(diào)規(guī)則：陳述句、特殊疑問句用降調(diào)；一般疑問句用升調(diào)。Mr.,Mrs.,Miss,Ms.+姓（名）be動詞is,am,are的用法：單數(shù)+is,復(fù)數(shù)+are，Iam,youare中國人名姓在前，名在后；英語人名名在前，姓在后.too放句末，常用逗號隔開.U1T2打擾別人，問路問話用Excuseme.不表示真正的道歉。--What’syourname?--Mynameis…./Iam....--Whereareyoufrom?--Iamfrom….befrom--Whoarethey?--Theyare….fullname,familyname=lastname,givenname=firstname--What’syourtelephonenumber?--Mytelephonenumberis..../It’s+電話號碼.--Thankyouverymuch.--That’sOK.Iam=I’m;youare=you’re;itis=it’s;arenot=aren’t;isnot=isn’t謂語動詞：be動詞；實義動詞（行為動詞）掌握基本句型：肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句及互相轉(zhuǎn)化。特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句式。人稱代詞：詳見P120人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit人稱代詞主格作主語；賓格作賓語U1T3Howoldareyou?Iamtwelve(yearsold).Whatclass/gradeareyouin?IaminClassSeven,GradeSeven.英語表達中：小單位在前，大單位在后；單位在前，數(shù)字在后。What’sthis/that(inEnglish)?It’sa(n)….Whatarethese/those(inEnglish)?Theyare….Howdoyouspellit?E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.Canyouspellit,please?Yes,M-A-P,map.tryagainLetmehelpyou.letsbdostheg.1.Theteacherlethisstudentsdotheirhomework.2.Lethimlookattheblackboard.Thankyou./Thanks.That’sOK./Youarewelcome./That’sallright./Notatall.JuniorHighSchoola,an,the的用法：a+輔音音標開頭的單詞abookan+元音音標開頭的單詞anoldbooka,an表單數(shù)，表泛指，后加單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞the表特指，后既可加單、復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，又可加不可數(shù)名詞。單復(fù)數(shù)概念：數(shù)量為一稱為單數(shù)；數(shù)量大于一稱為復(fù)數(shù)。名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化：詳見書本P118-119a.一般情況下---------------------------------+s.b.以-s,-x,-ch,-sh結(jié)尾的單詞------------+es.c.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞--------------變y為i+es.d.以f,fe結(jié)尾的單詞-----------------------變f,fe為ves.e.以o結(jié)尾的單詞---------------------------+s.tomato---tomatoes,potato---potatoes,hero---heroes除外U2T1Yes,youareright.Ihaveabignose.Hehassmalleyes.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前要+a/an;復(fù)數(shù)后要+復(fù)數(shù)形式Shehaslonghair.hair之類的不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與a,an或表示具體數(shù)量的詞直接使用。在句子中把它當成單數(shù)名詞使用。若要表示數(shù)量，以數(shù)詞+量詞+of+名詞（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)）表示。eg.Hishairisshort.Iknow.=Isee.befrom=comefromeg.1.IamfromChina.=IcomefromChina.2.MaryisfromCuba.=MarycomesfromCuba.6.判斷主語是否為第三人稱單數(shù)須滿足：非第一，第二人稱，非復(fù)數(shù)。7.Weareinthesameschool,butindifferentgrades.thesame+單數(shù)名詞；different+復(fù)數(shù)名詞句中如有多項同時出現(xiàn)，前幾項用逗號隔開，最后一項用and連接。時態(tài)1：一般現(xiàn)在時定義：表示經(jīng)常性，習慣性動作標志詞：often,usually,always,sometimes,seldom,every…結(jié)構(gòu)：=1\#"#,##"1.以be動詞作為句子謂語動詞：肯定句：主語+be+….否定句：主語+be+not(可縮寫)+….(在be動詞后直接+not)一般疑問句：Be+主語+…?(直接將be動詞放到句首)Yes,主語（代詞）+be.No,主語（代詞）+be+not.(必須縮寫)肯定回答不能縮寫，否定回答必須縮寫。主語必須還原為人稱代詞。下同。eg.1.肯定句：Heisaboy.否定句：Heisnotaboy.(在is后直接+not)一般疑問句：Isheaboy?(直接將Is放到句首)Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.(必須縮寫)2.肯定句：MaryandJeanarefriends.否定句：MaryandJeanaren’tfriends.(在are后直接+not)一般疑問句：AreMaryandJeanfriends?(直接將Are放到句首)Yes,they(還原為代詞)are.No,theyaren’t.(必須縮寫)=2\#"#,##"2以實義動詞作為句子謂語動詞：實義動詞：表示實際動作的動詞。當主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)時，否定句，疑問句要引入助動詞do.肯定句：主語+V原（動詞原形）+….否定句：主語+don’t+V原+….一般疑問句：Do+主語+V原+…?Yes,主語（代詞）+do.No,主語（代詞）+don’t.eg.1.肯定句：Theylookthesame.否定句：Theydon’tlookthesame.一般疑問句：Dotheylookthesame?Yes,theydo.No,theydon’t.2.肯定句：Youfindthebooks.否定句：Youdon’tfindthebooks.一般疑問句：Doyoufindthebooks?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，否定句，疑問句要引入助動詞does.肯定句：主語+V第三人稱單數(shù)形式+….否定句：主語+doesn’t+V原+….一般疑問句：Does+主語+V原+…?Yes,主語（代詞）+does.No,主語（代詞）+doesn’t.eg.1.肯定句：Thecatlookslikeacap.否定句：Thecatdoesn’tlooklikeacap.一般疑問句：Doesthecatlooklikeacap?Yes,itdoes.No,itdoesn’t.2.肯定句：MikecomesfromtheUSA.否定句：Mikedoesn’tcomefromtheUSA.一般疑問句：DoesMikecomefromtheUSA?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則與名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化相似以o結(jié)尾的單詞------+es;have-----hasU2T2lookthesame/happylook+形容詞（adj.）givesbsth=givesthtosb給某人某物eg.1.PleasegiveMarythisbook.=PleasegivethisbooktoMary.2.GiveTomtheletters.=GivetheletterstoTom.但如果sth為代詞賓格，則只能放中間，不能放后邊。如：Giveit(代詞賓格)toher.不能寫成：Giveherit.Whatdo/doessblooklike?某人長什么樣？eg.Whatdoyoulooklike?Ihaveabighead.WhatdoesMarylooklike?Shehaslongblondhair.wanttodosth想要做某事eg.1.TomwantstovisitChina.2.Wewanttofindthatgirl.apairofshoes/pants/trousersWhatcolor+be+名詞?It’s/They’re+顏色.Look/havealookatthisphoto.look(v.)=havealook(n.)ThegirlinayellowdressisMaria.Heisinablackcap.in+顏色，鞋服表示穿戴。inawhitecoatinyellowTheboynexttomeismygoodfriend.nextto11.pants,shoes,clothes為復(fù)數(shù)名詞。U2T3Whosecapisthis?It’sSally’s.名詞所有格：詳見書本P119a.不以-s結(jié)尾的詞---------+’sb.以-s結(jié)尾的詞-----------+’表示共有關(guān)系的，只在最后一個名詞詞尾+’s或’3.物主代詞和名詞所有格的用法：出現(xiàn)人稱代詞，所有關(guān)系用形物或者名物；出現(xiàn)具體人稱，所有關(guān)系用名詞所有格。4.形容詞性物主代詞（形物）和名詞性物主代詞（名物）詳見書本P120類別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她，它）們的形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形物后面必須加名詞；名物后面不能加名詞。4．Pleasehelpusfindhim.helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事eg.1.Mr.WanghelpsmestudyEnglish.2.TheyhelpJimfindhissister.U3T1tellsbsth=tellsthtosbeg.1.Couldyou(please)tellmeyourname?=Couldyoutellyournametome?2.Hetellsthestudentsagoodstory.=Hetellsagoodstorytothestudents.2.say,tell,talk,speak的區(qū)別：say強調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容；tell,talk強調(diào)說話的方式：tell----講述，告訴；talk-----交談，談話；speak強調(diào)說話的能力。speakChinese3.情態(tài)動詞（can,could…）+V原其用法與be動詞相同。4.helpsbwithsth=helpsb(to)dostheg.IcanhelpyouwithyourEnglish.=IcanhelpyoustudyEnglish.problem.6.HeknowsalotaboutChina.know...about...7.livein+地點8.IlikeEnglishverymuch/alot/alittle.Idon’tlikeEnglishatall.not...atallWehelpeachother.動賓，介賓結(jié)構(gòu)動詞，介詞后要加賓語成分。賓語成分可由：名詞、代詞賓格、動名詞(Ving)來充當。U3T2Iamhome.behomeGlad/Nice/Pleased/Goodtomeetyou.Whatdo/doessbdo?=Whatbesb?問職業(yè)，某人是做什么的？eg.1.Whatdoyoudo?=Whatareyou?-------Iamanofficeworker.2.WhatdoesJackdo?=WhatisJack?----Heisastudent.MariashowsaphotoofherfamilytoKangkang.showsbsth=showsthtosbeg.Ishowhimmycard.=Ishowmycardtohim.onafarmlivewithsbShelikestoplaywithKitty.8.無生命事物的所有關(guān)系用of的倒裝語序來表示eg.amapofChinaaphotooftheschoolU3T3Helpyourself/yourselves(to)…h(huán)elponeself/oneselves(to)stheg.Helpyourselftosomefish/vegetables….2.wouldlike(todo)sth=want(todo)sth想要，愿意（做）某物（事）eg.1.Iwouldlikeaneggandsomemilk/oranges.2.I’dliketohavebreakfastathome.3.Whatabout…?=Howabout...?4.allright5.Milkforme.6.Me,too7.have…forbreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner吃……作為早飯/午飯/晚飯/正餐eg.1.Iusuallyhavemilkandeggsforbreakfast.2.Hehasriceandchickenforsupper.out9.May/CanIhelpyou,sir?10.--MayItakeyourorder?--Letmesee.11.--Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink/eat?--Aglassofapplejuice.12.--Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?--Yes,I’dlike(love)to.13.--Whynothavesomefishandeggs?--Goodidea.Whynot+V原=Whydon’tyou+V原為什么不做某事eg.1.Whynothavesomefish?=Whydon’tyouhavesomefish?2.Whynotgoaround?=Whydon’tyougoaround?14.Theyareallkindtome.bekindtosb對某人友善，友好eg.areallkindtome.2.Theoldmaniskindtothestudents.15.I’mverygladtobehere.sb+be+adj.+todosth.某人做某事怎么樣。eg.1.WeareallhappytoliveinChina.2.Heisverysadtohearthisnews.U4T1服務(wù)行業(yè)常用的問候語：WhatcanIdoforyou?或者Can/MayIhelpyou?2.buysbsth=buysthforsbeg.1.Myfatherwillbuymeanewbike.=Myfatherwillbuyanewbikeforme.2.Mikewantstobuyhimselfabook.=Mikewantstobuyabookforhimself.3.tryon4.Itlooksveryniceonyou.5.Howmuch+be+主語？……多少錢？(be動詞要與主語相一致)eg.1.---Howmuchisyourcoat?---It’s300yuan.2.---Howmucharetheapples?---Theyare3yuanakilo.6.We’lltake/buy/getit.7.貨幣用拼音的沒有復(fù)數(shù)，其他要復(fù)數(shù)。如：100yuan/jiao/fen;100dollars/pounds8.Howdoyoulike…?=Whatdoyouthinkof…?你認為……怎么樣？eg.Howdoyoulikethispairofshoes?=Whatdoyouthinkofthispairofshoes?youkidding?I’llthinkaboutit.Thankyouallthesame.10.dosomeshopping/cleaning/washing…11.many,much的用法：many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：manybooks/apples…;muchwater/bread….Isthatall?I(don’t)thinkso.Howmany...?/Howmuch...?/Howheavy...?數(shù)詞+量詞+of+名詞（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)）如：abagofriceapairofshoesfiveglassesofwaterthreebagsoforangessome,any的用法同：some,any都表示“一些，若干”，后即可加上復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可加上不可數(shù)名詞異：some常用于肯定句；any常用于否定句和疑問句。U4T21.a.電話用語中，要找某人常用：May/CouldIspeakto…?b.不論是接電話還是打電話的人，介紹自己時都用：Thisis…(speaking).c.如果正好是要找的人接電話，常用：Yes,(thisis…)speaking.2.befree/busy有空/忙eg.1.IamfreethisSunday.Heisnotfree/busynow.What’sup?4.tellsbaboutsth/sb告訴某人關(guān)于某事/某人的情況eg.1.Iwilltellyourfatheraboutit.2.Hewouldliketotellhisfriendsaboutthebook/Tom.5.WouldyouliketogooutforapicnicthisSundaymorning?6.Seeyou.7.gofishing/shopping/doing…8.sing(some)songsflyakite9.IamsorryIhavenotime.10.Ihavetogetsomewater.havetodostheg.1.Ihavetodomyworkfirst.2.Maryhastolookafterhismotherathome.11.onSunday在某一天用on12.takesth/sbwithsb隨身攜帶某物/某人eg.1.Tomtakesadogwithhimtotheclassroom.2.Itakemysonwithme.13.bein/out14.Couldyouaskhertocallmebackthisevening?callsbbackask/tellsb(not)todostheg.1.Pleaseask/tellMarynottoforgettobringmybook.2.Mr.Leeasks/tellstheboystogotobed.15.doone’shomeworkU4T31.Whattimeisit?=What’sthetime?（現(xiàn)在）幾點了？It’s+時間表達法。2.時間的表達法：=1\#"#,##"1小時在前，分鐘在后。（直接數(shù)字翻譯）eg.7:05-------------sevenofive8:50-------------eightfifty11:55------------elevenfifty-five=2\#"#,##"2分鐘在前，小時在后。當分鐘數(shù)≤30時，使用pasteg.7:08----------eightpastseven8:15----------aquarterpasteight9:30----------halfpastnine當分鐘數(shù)＞30時，使用to（解釋為差幾分鐘幾點，表達時分鐘數(shù)和小時數(shù)均使用此時數(shù)字）eg.7:40---------------twentytoeight8:45---------------aquartertonine10:55--------------fivetoeleven（在這種表達法中,十五分鐘習慣用aquarter表示,三十分鐘習慣用half表示）=3\#"#,##"3當出現(xiàn)整點鐘時，可用o’clock表示eg.12:00--------twelve(o’clock)3.It’stime(forsb)todosth.該是某人做某事的時候了。eg.1.It’stimeforustogetup/gohome/gotoschool.2.It’stimeforMarytodoherhomework.4.havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner5.onone’swayhome/to+地點在某人去……的路上（one’s要與主語相一致）eg.1.Heisonhiswayhome.（home為副詞，所以前面不加to）2.Weareonourwaytothepark.6.表示人的品德介詞常用“of”。eg.It’sverykind/niceofyou.7.thanksbfor…為……而感謝某人eg.Thankyouforyourhelp.=Thankyouforhelpingme.Hereweare.U5T1HappyNewYear!Thesametoyou.--Howdoyouusuallycometoschool?--Iusuallycometoschoolbysubway/bike/plane/car/train/ship/bus/boat./onfoot.by+交通工具表示出行方式，但注意特殊------步行(onfoot)。問交通方式通常用How來提問。It’stimefor+n.=It’stimetodosth.該是做某事的時候了。eg.1.It’stimeforschool.=It’stimetogotoschool.2.It’stimeforclass.=It’stimetohaveclasses.Comeon!Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.介詞詞組有時可以用動詞詞組替換。eg.Iusuallygotoschoolonfoot/bybus/bybike/bysubway.=Iusuallywalktoschool/takeabus/rideabike/takeasubwaytoschool.seeamoviehaveclassesatschoolplaysoccer/basketballgethomewatchTVforashorttimegotobedgoswimming/fishing/doinglistentomusicreadbooks看書看文字類材料，如書籍、報紙、雜志常用read.Howoften問頻率，回答常用頻度副詞或者表示頻率的表達法。（頻度副詞在句中位置通常在Be動詞之后，行為動詞之前）eg.1.--Howoftendoyougotothepark?--Veryoften/Everyday.2.--Howoftendoyoucomehere?--Once/Twice/ThreetimesaweektheGreatWallGoodevening!knowaboutnomoreClass/Schoolisover.beovertalkto/withsb和某人交談eg.1.Heistalkingto/withme.2.Iamtalkingto/withMaria.15.Nicetalkingtoyou.與Nicetotalktoyou.的區(qū)別。Nicetalkingtoyou.用于結(jié)束與對方交談作總結(jié)之用；Nicetotalktoyou.則用于與對方交談之前作融洽氣氛之用。U5T21.makecardsseeyousoononthetelephonedininghallteachers’office2.classroombuildingswimmingpooldosomecleaning/doingofcourse3.borrow...from...從……借……eg:1.Iborrowabikefromhim.borrowmanybooksfromthelibrary.4.現(xiàn)在進行時：定義：表示正在發(fā)生或進行的動作。常與now,atthemoment等時間狀語連用。謂語動詞形式為：“be+”。（be動詞的具體形式為is/am/are）。標志詞：now,look,listen,atthemoment…結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語+be+V-ing+….否定句：主語+be+not(可縮寫)+V-ing+….(在be動詞后直接+not)一般疑問句：Be+主語+V-ing+…?(直接將be動詞放到句首)Yes,主語（代詞）+be.No,主語（代詞）+be+not.(必須縮寫)（與以be動詞作為謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)相似。）eg.1.肯定句：Tomiswritingaletter.否定句：Tomisnotwritingaletter.一般疑問句：IsTomwritingaletter?Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.2.肯定句：LilyandMaryaredoingtheirhomework.否定句：LilyandMaryaren’tdoingtheirhomework.一般疑問句：AreLilyandMarydoingtheirhomework?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.V-ing形式的構(gòu)成1.一般動詞----------------------------------------直接+-ing;2.不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞------------------------去e再+-ing;3.某些必須雙寫最后一個輔音字母再+-ing的動詞（熟記）：sit,put,get,forget,shop,begin,swim,run,5..lookforLostandFoundatthebackofhaveasoccergame6.--HowlongcanIkeepthem?--Twoweeks.7.lookfor和find的區(qū)別：lookfor強調(diào)尋找的過程；find強調(diào)尋找的結(jié)果。eg:Ilookformywalleteverywhere,butIcan’tfindit.8.Youmustreturnthemon/intime.9.showsbaround…帶領(lǐng)某人參觀……eg.1.Myparentsshowmearoundthezoo.2.MaryshowsJeanaroundherstudy.10.few與littlefew,afew修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；little,alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞。few,little表“幾乎沒有”否定含義；afew,alittle表“一些”肯定含義。（有+a表肯定；沒+a表否定）alittle還可以修飾形容詞。eg:afewapples(可數(shù)名詞)alittlemilk(不可數(shù)名詞)alittleboring11.like/lovedoingsth喜歡做某事eg.1.Helikes/lovesflyingkites.2.Ilike/loverunning.12.too與also兩者都表示“也”含義。但too一般放于句末，逗號隔開；而also放于句中（be動詞之后，實義動詞之前）。U5T31.Whatdayis(it)today?今天星期幾？It’s+星期幾.今天星期……。eg.1.Whatdayis(it)today?It’sTuesday.2.Whatdayis(it)tomorrow?It’sWednesday.2.havea…classcomputerscienceclassmeetinglearnaboutthepast3.workonmathproblems/computerslike(…)bestoutdooractivity星期后加復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“每逢星期幾”。如：onWednesdays每逢星期三betweenAandB在A和B之間eg.1.HesitsbetweenJeanandI.2.Sevenisbetweensixandeight.6.from...to...hardwork7.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)：There+be+sb/sth+（時間、地點狀語）.表示某處有某物或者某人?？隙ň洌篢here+be+sb/sth+….否定句：There+be+not+sb/sth+….（直接在be后加not）一般疑問句：Be+there+sb/sth+…?（直接把be動詞提到句首）Yes,there+be./No,there+be+not.（否定縮略）最接近原則：即be動詞的選擇要根據(jù)最靠近be動詞的sb/sth的單復(fù)數(shù)來決定。eg.1.肯定句：Thereisabookandsomepicturesonthedesk.否定句：Thereisnotabookandsomepicturesonthedesk.一般疑問句：Isthereabookandanypicturesonthedesk?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.2.肯定句：Therearesomestudentsontheplayground.否定句：Therearenotanystudentsontheplayground.一般疑問句：Arethereanystudentsontheplayground?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.8.learn(…)fromsb向/從某人那里學到……eg.1.WemustlearnfromLeiFeng.2.Ilearnalotfromyou.9.writetosb寫信給某人eg.1.Heiswritingtohisuncle.2.Ioftenwritetomypenpal.U6T1onthesecondfloor序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞或者形容詞性物主代詞。如：onthesecondfloor,myfirstdayandsoongoupstairs/downstairshavealook(at)...diningroomlivingroomcomeinlookafterinthecenterofontheleft/rightof...infrontof與inthefrontof的區(qū)別：infrontof表示在物體的前方（沒the沒包含）inthefrontof表示在物體的前部（有the有包含）put...away具體名詞可以放中間，可以放后邊；代詞賓格只能放中間，不能放后邊。由一個動詞+副詞組成的詞組，若賓語部分為具體名詞，則即可放于詞組中間，也可放在詞組后面；若賓語部分為代詞賓格，則只能放中間，不能放后邊。如：穿上衣服：putonyourcoat或者putyourcoaton均可；指著衣服說“穿上它”，則只能表達為：putiton而不能表達為：putonit.onthetree與inthetree的區(qū)別：本身是樹上所產(chǎn)的東西，如樹葉，果實等介詞用on;本身不是樹上產(chǎn)的東西，外來物體如風箏，貓等介詞用in。方位介詞詞組的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞+the+名詞，如：onthedeskinthegarden但若遇上專有名詞，如地名，國名等，其結(jié)構(gòu)則為：介詞+專有名詞，如：inChinainClass7,Grade1U6T2Whatkindofhomedoyoulivein?with表伴隨狀態(tài)forrentaquietroomfortwopeoplenearhereon/atthestreetcornerpostofficeparkinglotrailwaystationkeepmoneyseeadoctorattheendofsuchasIt’sveryniceofyou.=It’sverykindofyou.alotof=lotsof很多，相當于many,much。既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但不用于否定句和疑問句。eg.1.Thereisalotofmilkinthebottle.2.Therearelotsofbooksinthebox.3.Hurryup!Thereisnotmuchtimeleft.sportscenterdosportsclosetoacommunityservicecentercall...forhelpbefarfrom…離……很遠eg.1.Myhomeisfarfromtheschool.2.Hisbookisnotfarfromhim.Therebe+sb./sth.doingsth.+時間、地點狀語.某時/某處有某人/某物正在做某事。eg.1.Thereisabirdflyinginthesky.aremanystudentsrunningontheplayground.10.haveacolorful/happy/hardlife11.Thetrafficisheavyandthecostoflivingishigh.12.形容詞（adj.）和副詞（adv.）的用法：形容詞：=1\#"#,##"1系表結(jié)構(gòu)：系動詞+形容詞。eg.1.Wearestrong.2.Heisyoung.=2\#"#,##"2修飾名詞，放于名詞前。eg.1.Thisisabigbox.2.Hehasalongface.副詞修飾動詞，放于動詞后。eg.1.Heistalkingloudly.2.Maryalwaysgetsupearly.U6T3Isthere...nearhere?/HowcanIgetto...?/Whichisthewayto...?Couldyoutellmethewayto...?/Whereis...?Goup/down/alongthisstreettotheend.onyourleft/rightwalkonTurnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing./Goacrossthebridge.It’sabouttwentymetersalongontheleft.onthecornerofacrossfromHowfarisitfromhere?It’s15kilometersawayfromhere.…遠沒有距離用：befarfrom….有距離用：距離+awayfrom…eg.1.Myhomeisfarfromtheschool.2.Myhomeiskilometersawayfromtheschool.Howfar…?多遠？用來詢問距離。eg.1.---Howfarisyourhomefromtheschool?---It’s15kilometersaway.YouneedtotakeBus.Thenyoushouldchangetothebus.needtodosth需要做某事need既可以做情態(tài)動詞，組成needdosth的結(jié)構(gòu)；也可以做實義動詞，組成needtodosth的結(jié)構(gòu)。但要注意不同詞性用法不同。eg.1.WeneedhaveclassesthisSaturday.（改為否定句）→WeneednothaveclassesthisSaturday.2.Youneedtochangethebus.（改為否定句）→Youdon’tneedtochangethebus.publicphonetrafficlightsNoleft/rightturn.Noparking.gethurtloseone’slifetrafficaccidentskeepsafeobeythetrafficrulesallofusaticketforspeeding/makingawrongturnBecareful!9.It+be+adj.+(forsb)todosth.做某事對某人來說怎么樣。eg.Itisimportant(forus)tostudyhard.It’sdifficult(forhim)togettheball.祈使句：以動詞原形開頭，表示請求、命令、建議的句型。Don’t+V原.不要做某事。（祈使句的一般否定式）eg.1.Bequiet!Closeyourbooks,please.Don’tplayonthestreet.Pleasedon’tmakeanynoise.atthefootofintheendhavea(short)restwalkuptoitTheoldmancomesovertohimwithasigninhishand.U7T1一般過去時定義：表示在過去時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或者事情。標志詞：ago,justnow,amomentago,lastweek等表示過去的時間。=1\#"#,##"1以be動詞作為句子謂語動詞：肯定句：主語+be+….否定句：主語+be+not(可縮寫)+….(在be動詞后直接+not)一般疑問句：Be+主語+…?(直接將be動詞放到句首)Yes,主語（代詞）+be.No,主語（代詞）+be+not.(必須縮寫)注意：此時的be動詞選擇was,were。單數(shù)+was；復(fù)數(shù)+were。eg.1.肯定句：Hewasateacher.否定句：Hewasnotateacher.(在was后直接+not)一般疑問句：Washeateacher?(直接將Was放到句首)Yes,hewas.No,hewasn’t.(必須縮寫)2.肯定句：MaryandJeanwerefriends.否定句：MaryandJeanweren’tfriends.(在were后直接+not)一般疑問句：WereMaryandJeanfriends?(直接將Were放到句首)Yes,they(還原為代詞)were.No,theyweren’t.(必須縮寫)=2\#"#,##"2以實義動詞作為句子謂語動詞：（否定句，疑問句要引入助動詞did）.肯定句：主語+V過去式+….否定句：主語+didn’t+V原+….一般疑問句：Did+主語+V原+…?Yes,主語（代詞）+did.No,主語（代詞）+didn’t.eg.1.肯定句：TheywatchedTVlastnight.否定句：Theydidn’twatchTVlastnight.一般疑問句：DidtheywatchTVlastnight?Yes,theydid.No,theydidn’t.2.肯定句：Iwenttoschoolonfootlastweek.否定句：Ididn’tgotoschoolonfootlastweek.一般疑問句：Didyougotoschoolonfootlastweek?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.動詞過去式的構(gòu)成形式分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化，詳見書本P118及P142。Whenwassheborn?ShewasborninJuly,1965.beborn在具體的日期前，介詞用on,在月份、年份、季節(jié)前介詞用in。如：onApril1st,2005在2005年4月1日inJune,1970在1970年6月in2004在2004年inspring在春天When與Whattime的用法區(qū)別：When使用范圍較廣，可對年，月，日，幾時幾分等進行提問；而Whattime常對具體的幾時幾分進行提問。Wherewassheborn?(Shewasborn)inWales,UK.

You’reabigfanof.Rowling.DateofBirthPlaceofBirthhaveabirthdayparty基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞列表。確切數(shù)字后不加s，不加of；模糊數(shù)字后要加s，要加of。如：twohundred/afewhundredstudents兩百/幾百名學生hundredsofstudents幾百名學生其他單位如thousand,million,billion用法也是一樣。What’sthedatetoday?It’sMay8th.英語日期可以有兩種表達法：=1\#"#,##"1（美式）月份在前，日期在后。如：May21st,2001讀作：Maytwenty-first,twothousandandone.=2\#"#,##"2（英式）日期在前，月份在后。如：25thMay,2001讀作：thetwenty-fifthofMay,twothousandandone.Howdoyouplantocelebrateit?plantodosth.What’stheshapeof…?=Whatshapeis…?……是什么形狀的？eg.What’stheshapeofyourclock?=Whatshapeisyourclock?It’sround./acircle.Igetit.I’mafraidyoucan’t.Whatisitlike?Itislikeaflower.like(v.)喜歡like(prep.)像英語中表達長、寬、高時，常為：數(shù)字+單位+表示長、寬、高的形容詞。提問用：Howlong/wide/high…?如：1.Thatmanis2meterstall.2.Theboxis20centimeterswide.13.Whatdoweuseitfor?use…for/to…用……做……for后常接名詞或動名詞；而to后接動詞原形。eg.1.Weusethisroomforhavingmeetings..Liusesacomputertogetinformation.14.cookabigdinnerU7T21.情態(tài)動詞（can,could,may,might,need,must...）的用法：情態(tài)動詞+V原肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+V原....否定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+V原+....（直接在情態(tài)動詞后+not）一般疑問句：情態(tài)動詞+主語+V原+...?Yes,主語（代詞）+情態(tài)動詞./No,主語（代詞）+情態(tài)動詞+not.(縮略)Whatelsecanyoudo?else修飾中心詞要后置，如somethingelse,Whatelse...。haveagoodtimedancetodisco/musicperformballettakephotosplaytheguitar/piano這個結(jié)構(gòu)中，球類，棋類，民族樂器前不加the,西洋樂器前要加the。Happybirthday(to...)takesth./sbtospoutdooractivitiesoneyearagointhepastlastyearthisyearattheageoffiveCanAnndanceordraw?Shecandance.選擇疑問句以“or”連接，回答時不用“yes”“no”，而應(yīng)該選擇所提供的選項進行回答。Therewassomethingwrongwithhereyes.Jennycouldnotseeanythinganymore.not...anymoreeg:1.Heisn’tateacheranymore.2.Marydidn’twalktoschoolanymore.10.withhermother’shelp=withthehelpofhermotherwithone’shelp=withthehelpof...U7T3performmagictricksenjoyoneself/oneselves=haveagoodtime反身代詞要與主語相一致。eg:1.Maryenjoyedherselflastnight.=Maryhadagoodtimelastnight.enjoyedourselvesinthepark.=Wehadagoodtimeinthepark.3.What’sthematter(withsb)?=What’swrong(withsb)?4.Imissedthechairandfelldown.falldown5.atoncehurtoneselfThisway,please.washone’shandslastnight6.Don’tbelatenexttime.belate(for…)……遲到eg.1.Iamlate.2.Don’tbelateforschool/class.7.Webroughtmanypresentsforhim.bringsb.sth.=bringsth.forsb.eg:1.Mymotherbroughtmethebooks.=Mymotherbroughtthebooksforme.Sunday/weekeachofusmake(the)cardsbyhandsitaroundthecakemakeawishblowoutthecandles9.other,theother的區(qū)別other:其它的。表泛指另外一些人或物，后一般接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。theother:另外的。表特指兩者或兩個集體中的另外一部分人或物。eg.1.Ihaveotherfriends.havetwofriends.Oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.Mybirthdaymonthstartswith“J”.startwith...=beginwith...以……開頭/開始U8T1What’stheweatherlike(in...)?=Howistheweather(in...)?It’sagoodseason/timefordoingsth.=It’sagoodtime/seasontodosth.goswimmingclimbhillsmakesnowmenIt’shardtosay.BecauseIlearnedtoswimlastyear.