Unit+13+We're+trying+to+save+the+earth+Section+A 人教版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)全冊(cè)

Unit13We'retryingtosavetheearthSectionAVocabulary1.catchcatchthetrain趕火車(chē)catchupwith趕上catchacold感冒練習(xí)：Catslike________mice.catching2.bottomatthebottomof在…的底部fromtoptobottom完完全全，從頭到腳bottomline結(jié)果；概要；帳本底線onthebottom在底部練習(xí)：Hesatatthe________ofthestairs.bottom3.litterlitter指四處亂丟的東西和雜物garbage專(zhuān)指廚房中的殘羹剩飯等必須清除的垃圾rubbish指殘骸、廢物等普通垃圾，特意集中起來(lái)以便清除waste指任何被丟棄的東西練習(xí)：Pleasedon'tdrop________!litter4.playpartplayanactivepartin(doing)sth.積極參與(做)某事playanimportantpartin(doing)sth.在(做)某事中發(fā)揮重要作用練習(xí)：Educationcan________apartinit.play5.o..既指形式上的改變，也表示狀態(tài)上本質(zhì)的改變練習(xí)：Water________intoice.turns6.advantage反義詞為disadvantagetakeadvantageof利用beofadvantageto對(duì)有利haveadvantageover優(yōu)于，勝過(guò)練習(xí)：Whatisthe________ofusingnuclearpower?advantageLead-inDoyouknowwhattheatmospherehazeis?Doyoulikeit?Whatotherkindsofpollutiondoyouknow?1aHerearesomewordsrelatedtodifferentkindsofpollution.Writethemintheboxbelow.Thenaddmorewords.loudmusiccarsrubbishplaneslitteringshipsfactoriessmokingbuldinghousesmobilephonesairpollutionnoisepullotionwaterpollutioncars,factories,smoking,buildinghouses(burning,powerplants,nuclearwastedisposal)Loudmusic,planes,buildinghouses,mobilephones(machines,crowds,vihicles)rubbish,littering,ships,factories(sewage,industrialwaste,pesticides)1bListenandcompletethesentences.Whatwastheproblem?Theriverwas_____________.Eventhebottomoftheriverwasfullof_________.Therewerenomore________forfishermentocatch.Whatcausedtheproblem?Peoplearethrowing____intotheriver.Factoriesareputting_____intotheriver.Howshouldtheproblembesolved?Weshouldwritetothe_____________andaskthemto__________thefactories.Everyoneshouldhelpto________theriver.reallydirtyrubbishfishlitterwastegovernmentclosedowncleanup1c

Role-playtheconversation.Thenmakeyourownconversationsabout

thekindsofpollutionin1a.Mark:Theriverwasdirty.Eventhe

bottomof

theriverwasfullof

rubbish.Tony:Butitusedtobesoclean!Mark:Yes,butpeoplearelitteringinthe

river.Tony:Everyoneinthistownshouldplaya

partincleaningitup!2aListentotheinterview.CirclethekindsofpollutionthatJasonandSusantalkabout.A.landpollution

B.airpollutionC.noisepollutionD.waterpollution2bListenagainandcompletethesentences.1.Theairisbadlypollutedbecausethereare___________ontheroadthesedays.2.Factoriesthatburncoalalso________theairwithalotofblacksmoke.morecarspollute3.Thereisalsotoomuchrubbishandwaste.People_________________thingseveryday.4.Peoplearealsolitteringin____________likeparks.Thisisturningbeautifulplacesintouglyones.arethrowingawaypublicplaces2cUsetheinformationin2aand2btorole-playconversationsbetweenJasonandSusan.Theairhasbecomereallypollutedaroundhere.I’mgettingveryworried.Yes,Iusedtobeabletoseestarsinthesky.Theproblemisthat…2dRole-playtheconversation.Interviewer:JasonandSusan,whatareyour

ideasforsolvingtheseproblems?Jason:Well,tocutdownairpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubway

insteadofdriving.Susan:Yeah,orrideabike.Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.It’s

goodforhealthanditdoesn’tcostanything!Interviewer:Greatideas!Whataboutwastepollution?Susan:Mmm,Ithinksimplethingslikebringingabagtogoshoppingcanhelp.Istarteddoingthatayearago.Jason:Me,too.Also,InevertakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenIbuytakeawayfood.Iusetheonesathome.Susan:Andremembertothrowrubbishinthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautifulforeveryone.Interviewer:Sotogether,ouractionscanmakeadifferenceand

leadtoabetterfuture!Readandfinishthetask.ListthewaystocutdownairpollutionListthewaystocutdownwastepollutiontakethebustakethesubwayrideabikebringabagtogoshoppingneverusewoodenchopsticksorplasticforksthrowrubbishinthebinsLanguagepoints1．Eventhebottomoftheriverwasfullof...甚至河底都堆滿(mǎn)了……

bottom名詞，意為“底部；最下部”，由其構(gòu)成的常用短語(yǔ)為atthebottomof“在……的底部”。e.g.Hefelltothebottomofthestairs.他摔到了樓梯底下。

Theanswerisatthebottom

ofthepage.答案就在這一頁(yè)的下端。2．Everyoneinthistownshouldplayapartincleaningitup!

這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該參與清理河流！playapartin意為“參與……；在……方面起作用”，相當(dāng)于playarolein，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。e.g.Hedidn’tplayapartinthecompetitionatall.他根本就沒(méi)參加這次比賽。

Didyouplayapartinfighting？你參與打架了嗎？3.Weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.

insteadof意為“代替，而不是”，后面常跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。

insteadofdoingsth.代替做某事例句：她沒(méi)有待在家里而是去上學(xué)了。Shewenttoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.4.Ouractionscanmakeadifferenceandleadtoabetterfuture!makeadifference起作用；有影響makeadifferenceto...對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響注意：difference前面可加修飾語(yǔ)，如big,great等，表示受影響的程度。5．Thereareotheradvantagesofbikeriding.騎自行車(chē)還有其他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。advantage名詞，意為“優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件”。其反義詞為disadvantage“缺點(diǎn)；不利條件”。e.g.Thismachinehasmanyadvantages.這臺(tái)機(jī)器有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

Hehastheadvantageofagoodeducation.他具有受過(guò)良好教育的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

Beforemakingyourdecision,youshouldconsidertheadvantages

and

disadvantages.在做出決定之前，你應(yīng)該權(quán)衡一下利弊。6．Also,InevertakewoodenchopsticksorplasticforkswhenIbuytakeawayfood.還有，當(dāng)我買(mǎi)外賣(mài)食物時(shí)我從來(lái)不拿木筷或塑料叉。（2）takeaway可數(shù)名詞，意為“外賣(mài)食物”，復(fù)數(shù)形式是takeaways。e.g.Ifyoucan’tcook,takeawaysarefine.如果你不會(huì)做飯,（吃）外賣(mài)食物就很好。takeaway意為“拿走”，為“動(dòng)詞+副詞”型短語(yǔ)，名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在短語(yǔ)中間或后面均可；代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能放在短語(yǔ)中間。e.g.Thefoodsmellsterrible.Takeitaway.這食物很難聞，把它拿走。Whatdoyouknowaboutsharks?Haveyoueverheardaboutsharkfinsoup?TheprocessofmakingsharkfinisverycruelMatchthemainideasofeachparagraph.Talkaboutsharkfinsoup.Sharksareendangerednow.Appealto

peopleagainsteatingsharkfins.Para.3Para.1Para.2ReadPara1andmakeTfortrueorFforfalse.()1.Sharkfin

soupisfamousandexpensiveallaroundtheworld.()2.You’rekillingawholesharkwhenyouenjoyabowlofsharkfinsoup.FTRetellthepassageaccordingtothewordsbelow.Somepeopleliketoeatshark’sfinsoup,especiallyin__________China.Butgettingtheshark’sfinisvery__________.Whenpeoplecatchsharks,they__________________theirfinsandthrowthesharksbackintotheocean.Thesharkslowlydiesbecauseitcan’t_________withoutafin.Anditisalso__________totheenvironment.Sharksareatthe_____ofthefoodchain.Ifthenumberofsharksdropstoolow,itwillbreakthebalance(平衡）ofthenature.Pleasesaynotoeatingsharkfinsoup,andtakeactionstosavethesharks!southerncruelcutoffswimharmfultopReadPara2andfilltheblanks.NumberofsharkscaughtandtradedeveryyearHowmuchthenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefalleninthelast20to30years70millionOver90percentReadParagraph3andanswerthequestions.1.Whatarethetwoenvironmentalprotectiongroupsdoingtoprotectthesharks?Andwhathavetheydone?

a.Theyareteachingthepublicabout“finning”.b.Theyhaveevenaskedgovernmentstodevelop

lawstostopthesaleofsharkfins.

2.Aresharkfinsgoodforhealth?Why?

No,theyaren’t.Becausenoscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharksaregoodforhealth.3aReadthepassageaboutsharksandcompletethefactsheetbelow.WheresharkfinsoupispopularNumberofsharkscaughtandtradedeveryyearHowmuchthenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefalleninthelast20to30yearsTwoenvironmentalgroupsagainst"finning"insouthernChina70millionover90percentWildAidandtheWWF3bReadthepassageagainandfillintheblankswiththewordsinthebox.soalthoughifbutwhen1.Manypeopledonotrealizetheyarekillingawholeshark_____theyenjoyabowlofsharkfinsoup.2.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchain,______iftheirnumbersdrop,theocean'secosystemwillbeindanger.when

soManythinkthatsharksaretoostrongtobeendangered,_________theyarewrong._________therearenoscientificstudiestosupportthis,alotofpeoplebelievethatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.5.Sharksmaydisappearoneday______wedonotdosomethingtostopthesaleofsharkfins.

butAlthoughifGrammarFocus現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作例:-Whataretheboysdoingonthemountain?這些男孩兒正在山上做什么?-Theyareplantingtrees.他們?cè)谥矘?shù)2、表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，這一動(dòng)作不一定在說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)發(fā)生例:ThistermheistryingtoimprovehisspokenEnglish.這學(xué)期，他正努力提高他的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)水平3、go，come，leave，start，arrive等動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作例:Weareleavingtomorrow.我們明天就要走了4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always連用表示贊揚(yáng)、厭煩等語(yǔ)氣例:You'realwaysinterruptingme!你總是打斷我的話!(抱怨)5、get,become,turn,run,go,begin,forget,die,finish它們的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)，有逐漸、越來(lái)越或快要的意味二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have/has+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞和過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成一樣;不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞需特別記憶。1、表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如begin，give，go，meetsee等，但不能與for，since引導(dǎo)的延續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(在否定句中不受此限制)例:-Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?你吃過(guò)午飯了嗎?Yes,Ihave.I'vejusthadit.是的，我剛剛吃過(guò)havealreadymettheseforeignguestsatthestation.我已經(jīng)在車(chē)站見(jiàn)過(guò)這些外國(guó)客人了2、表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如bework，studylive等，常與表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度的狀語(yǔ)連用，如fortwodays,since1998,allday等。例:Hehasbeenawayforalongtime.他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了Ihavekeptthebooksincelastmonth.自從上個(gè)月我就借這本書(shū)了3、have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別have/hasbeento曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地;have/hasgoneto去了某地(現(xiàn)在不在這里)指已經(jīng)到達(dá)某地或在去某地的路上。例:-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎?-Yes,I'vebeentheretwice.是的，我去過(guò)那兒兩次WhereareDamingandLingling?大明和玲玲在哪兒?Theyhavegonetothelibrary.他們?nèi)D書(shū)館了4、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)上的區(qū)別般過(guò)去時(shí)可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如yesterday,lastmonth,threedaysago，in1990等;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與它們連用，但可以和不確定的含有“過(guò)去”之意的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如before,inthepastfewyears,inrecentyears等例:Lastyeargreatchangestookplaceinthevillage去年，這個(gè)村子發(fā)生了巨大的變化。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepastfewyears在過(guò)去的幾年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞2、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法(1)當(dāng)我們不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)例:Thiskindofbookissoldinthebookstorenearourschool這種書(shū)在我們學(xué)校附近的書(shū)店出售。(2)有動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，但需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)例:Englishisspokenbypeopleallovertheworld.全世界的人都說(shuō)英語(yǔ)(3)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)例:Thetreewashitbyacar.這棵樹(shù)被車(chē)撞了(4)在上下文中，為了使句子間連接緊密時(shí)例:Ihaveanewmotorbike.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyfather.我有輛新摩托車(chē)。它是父親送給我作為生日禮物的.(5)在新聞報(bào)道中，為了表明報(bào)道的客觀性而避免主觀性時(shí)例:Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Threemenwerekilled,thewoundedweretakenawaytohospitalatonceandpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.今天早晨高速公路上發(fā)生了一起車(chē)禍，三人喪生，傷員馬上被送往了醫(yī)院，警察被立即派去處理這一事件。(6)在科技論文中，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀事實(shí)時(shí)例:Whenitiscoldenough,waterwillbeturnedintoice當(dāng)天氣足夠冷時(shí)，水將變成冰(7)有些習(xí)慣用法常以被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式出現(xiàn)例:Weshouldbedevotedtowhatwedo.我們應(yīng)致力于我們所做的(工作)。3、不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的六種情況(1)不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有動(dòng)作的承受者，不能用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)例:那兒發(fā)生了什么事?[正]Whathashappenedoverthere?[誤]Whathasbeenhappenedoverthere?(2)連系動(dòng)詞seem，be，become，feel，taste，look等不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例:這種食物嘗起來(lái)很可口。[正]Thefoodtastesdelicious.[誤]Thefoodistasteddelicious(3)賓語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式或從句，表示主語(yǔ)的一些想法、愛(ài)好或愿望時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例:Iwanttobuyacomputer.我想買(mǎi)一臺(tái)電腦。(4)賓語(yǔ)是相互代詞、反身代詞、同源賓語(yǔ)等時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例:Weshouldhelpeachother.我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。Hethinksofhimselftoomuch.他過(guò)多地考慮自己Weliveahappylifehere.我們?cè)谶@兒過(guò)著幸福的生活(5)賓語(yǔ)表示處所、地點(diǎn)時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例:HehasgonetoLondon.他已經(jīng)去了倫敦(6)謂語(yǔ)部分(動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ))是一個(gè)不可分割的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例:Hesawthedoctoryesterdayevening.他昨天晚上看了醫(yī)生1.Yourfather________.Don’tmaketoomuchnoise.A.willsleep B.issleeping C.wassleeping D.haveslept2.Hurryup.Thetrain________intwentyminutes.A.leaves B.hasleft C.isleaving D.hasbeenaway3.Speaklouder,please!Ican’thearyou.I________toaconcertinthemusichall.A.willlisten B.amlisteningC.listened D.waslistening4.—Mom,Idon’twanttowearthatcoattoday.—Butyournoseis________,Lucy!Youmaycatchacold.A.riding B.running C.showing D.brushing5.Lily,wedon’tneedtogoback.I________offallthelights.A.turn B.willturn C.amturning D.haveturned6.Idon’twanttowastetime，forI________thatfilmbefore.A.see B.haveseen C.willsee D.wasseeing7.I________almostallthepagesofthisbook,soIcanreturnitinaminute.A.read B.willread C.haveread D.wasreading8.—Yourdressissobeautiful!Whendidyoubuyit?—Onmy12thbirthday.I________itfor3years.A.bought B.havehad C.havebought9.Alotofbirds________innatureparkseveryyear.A.protect B.areprotectedC.willbeprotected D.protected10.Justasweknow,mostoftherice________inthesouthofourcountry.A.grew B.isgrown C.wasgrown D.hasgrown4aFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Joe:_____youever______(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Ken:Yes,Ihave.I______(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas