船舶異步電動(dòng)機(jī)常用控制電路-三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的制動(dòng)控制線路

三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的制動(dòng)控制線路電氣制動(dòng)機(jī)械制動(dòng)制動(dòng)控制類型課程導(dǎo)入Courseintroduction

提高生產(chǎn)效率及準(zhǔn)確停位要求電動(dòng)機(jī)能迅速停車，對(duì)電動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行制動(dòng)控制三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)從切除電源到完全停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)為什么需要制動(dòng)控制呢？不能適應(yīng)某些生產(chǎn)機(jī)械工藝的要求慣性課程導(dǎo)入Courseintroduction

拖動(dòng)系統(tǒng)減速或加速停車電氣制動(dòng)用于船用錨機(jī)起貨機(jī)位能性負(fù)載的勻速下降課程導(dǎo)入Courseintroduction

Electricalbraking制動(dòng)控制的類型Type制作目的電磁鐵操縱機(jī)械進(jìn)行制動(dòng)的電磁機(jī)械制動(dòng)電氣制動(dòng)使電動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)與轉(zhuǎn)子原來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方向相反的力矩來(lái)進(jìn)行制動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)制作方法準(zhǔn)確、迅速停車工作安全能耗制動(dòng)常用的電氣制動(dòng)電容制動(dòng)回饋制動(dòng)電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking電動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)和電動(dòng)機(jī)實(shí)際旋轉(zhuǎn)方向相反的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩使電動(dòng)機(jī)迅速停轉(zhuǎn)反接制動(dòng)Reversebrake反接制動(dòng)原理在停車時(shí)，把電動(dòng)機(jī)反接，則其定子旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)便反向旋轉(zhuǎn)在轉(zhuǎn)子上產(chǎn)生的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩亦隨之變?yōu)榉聪?，成為制?dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking反接制動(dòng)Reversebrake單向啟動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)控制原理M3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHQSＲKM1nKSKM2KS合上電源開關(guān)QS電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking反接制動(dòng)ReversebrakeM3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHQSＲKM1nKSKM2KS按下SB1KM1線圈得電單向啟動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)控制原理電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking反接制動(dòng)ReversebrakeM3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHQSＲKM1nKSKM2KSKM1自鎖觸頭閉合，自鎖松開SB1KM1主觸頭閉合電動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)，運(yùn)行在轉(zhuǎn)速高到一定值時(shí)，KS閉合單向啟動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)控制原理電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking反接制動(dòng)ReversebrakeM3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHQSＲKM1nKSKM2KS按下SB2KM1失電釋放KM2線圈得電電動(dòng)機(jī)串聯(lián)電阻反接，反接制動(dòng)KM2自鎖觸頭閉合KM2主觸頭閉合停單向啟動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)控制原理電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking反接制動(dòng)ReversebrakeM3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHQSＲKM1nKSKM2KS松開SB2繼續(xù)反接制動(dòng)停單向啟動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)控制原理電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking反接制動(dòng)ReversebrakeM3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHQSＲKM1nKSKM2KS當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)速降低到一定值時(shí)KS斷開KM2線圈失電各觸頭復(fù)位n單向啟動(dòng)反接制動(dòng)控制原理電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)Energyconsumptionbraking立即在定子線組的任意兩相中通入直流電利用轉(zhuǎn)子感應(yīng)電流受靜止磁場(chǎng)的作用以達(dá)到制動(dòng)目的電動(dòng)機(jī)切斷交流電源電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking電路組成能耗制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3KM1KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHKM1KTKM2VUWQSFU1FU2KTKTKM2KM2V電氣制動(dòng)ElectricbrakingEnergyconsumptionbraking能耗制動(dòng)EnergyconsumptionbrakingM3～L1L2L3KM1KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHKM1KTKM2VUWQSFU1FU2KTKTKM2KM2V單向啟動(dòng)能耗制動(dòng)自動(dòng)控制電路工作原理合上電源開關(guān)QS按下SB1KM1線圈得電電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3KM1KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHKM1KTKM2VUWQSFU1FU2KTKTKM2KM2V單向啟動(dòng)能耗制動(dòng)自動(dòng)控制電路工作原理KM1自鎖觸頭閉合KM1主觸頭閉合KM1聯(lián)鎖觸頭分?jǐn)嚯姎庵苿?dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3KM1KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHKM1KTKM2VUWQSFU1FU2KTKTKM2KM2V單向啟動(dòng)能耗制動(dòng)自動(dòng)控制電路工作原理按下SB2KM1線圈失電KM1自鎖觸頭分?jǐn)郖M1主觸頭分?jǐn)郖M1聯(lián)鎖觸頭閉合KM2線圈得電KT線圈得電電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3KM1KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHKM1KTKM2VUWQSFU1FU2KTKTKM2KM2V單向啟動(dòng)能耗制動(dòng)自動(dòng)控制電路工作原理KM2自鎖觸頭閉合KM2主觸頭分?jǐn)嚅]合電動(dòng)機(jī)半波能耗制動(dòng)KM2聯(lián)鎖觸頭分?jǐn)郖T瞬時(shí)閉合觸頭閉合松開SB2電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3KM1KHSB1KM1SB2KM2KM1KM2KHKM1KTKM2VUWQSFU1FU2KTKTKM2KM2V單向啟動(dòng)能耗制動(dòng)自動(dòng)控制電路工作原理KT延時(shí)斷開觸頭延時(shí)分?jǐn)郖M2線圈失電KT線圈失電各觸頭復(fù)位電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)有變壓器橋式整流能耗制動(dòng)控制電路工作原理合上電源開關(guān)QS按下SB1KM1線圈得電FU2KHSB1KM1SB2KM1KM2KTKTKTKM2KM2KM1M3～L1L2L3FU1KM1QSFU3VCTCKHRKM2VUW3KM2電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)有變壓器橋式整流能耗制動(dòng)控制電路工作原理FU2KHSB1KM1SB2KM1KM2KTKTKTKM2KM2KM1M3～L1L2L3FU1KM1QSFU3VCTCKHRKM2VUWKM2KM1自鎖觸頭閉合KM1主觸頭閉合KM1聯(lián)鎖觸頭分?jǐn)嗨砷_SB13電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)有變壓器橋式整流能耗制動(dòng)控制電路工作原理FU2KHSB1KM1SB2KM1KM2KTKTKTKM2KM2KM1M3～L1L2L3FU1KM1QSFU3VCTCKHRKM2VUWKM23按下SB1KM1線圈失電KM1自鎖觸頭分?jǐn)郖M1主觸頭分?jǐn)郖M1聯(lián)鎖觸頭閉合KM2線圈得電KT線圈得電電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)有變壓器橋式整流能耗制動(dòng)控制電路工作原理FU2KHSB1KM1SB2KM1KM2KTKTKTKM2KM2KM1M3～L1L2L3FU1KM1QSFU3VCTCKHRKM2VUWKM23KM2自鎖觸頭閉合KM2主觸頭分?jǐn)嚅]合電動(dòng)機(jī)半波能耗制動(dòng)KM2聯(lián)鎖觸頭分?jǐn)郖T瞬時(shí)閉合觸頭閉合松開SB1電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking能耗制動(dòng)有變壓器橋式整流能耗制動(dòng)控制電路工作原理FU2KHSB1KM1SB2KM1KM2KTKTKTKM2KM2KM1M3～L1L2L3FU1KM1QSFU3VCTCKHRKM2VUWKM23KT延時(shí)斷開觸頭延時(shí)分?jǐn)郖M2線圈失電KT線圈失電各觸頭復(fù)位電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking電容制動(dòng)Capacitorbraking立即在電動(dòng)機(jī)定子繞組的出線端接入電容器來(lái)迫使電動(dòng)機(jī)迅速停轉(zhuǎn)的方法電動(dòng)機(jī)切斷交流電源電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking電容制動(dòng)Capacitorbraking電容制動(dòng)電路工作原理當(dāng)旋轉(zhuǎn)著的電動(dòng)機(jī)斷開交流電源時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)子內(nèi)仍有剩磁隨著轉(zhuǎn)子的慣性轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，形成一個(gè)隨轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)該磁場(chǎng)切割定子繞組產(chǎn)生感生電動(dòng)勢(shì)，并通過(guò)電容器回路形成感生電流電流產(chǎn)生的磁場(chǎng)與轉(zhuǎn)子繞組中的感生電流相互作用，產(chǎn)生一個(gè)與旋轉(zhuǎn)方向相反的制動(dòng)力矩，使電動(dòng)機(jī)受制動(dòng)迅速停轉(zhuǎn)電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking合上電源開關(guān)QS按下SB1KM1線圈得電電容制動(dòng)CapacitorbrakingM3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1SB2KM1KM1KM1KM2KHUVWQSRKM1＝＝＝KTKTKM2電容制動(dòng)電路工作原理電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking電容制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1SB2KM1KM1KM1KM2KHUVWQSRKM1＝＝＝KTKTKM2電容制動(dòng)電路工作原理KM1自鎖觸頭閉合KM1主觸頭閉合KM1聯(lián)鎖觸頭分?jǐn)郖M1輔助觸頭閉合KT線圈得電KT瞬時(shí)閉合延時(shí)斷開觸頭閉合松開SB1電氣制動(dòng)Electricbraking電容制動(dòng)M3～L1L2L3FU1FU2KM1KM2KHSB1SB2KM1KM1KM1KM2KHUVWQSRKM1＝＝＝KTKTKM2電容制動(dòng)電路工作原理按下SB2KM1線圈失電KM1