8期中復(fù)習(xí)專項Unit1-4高頻考點(diǎn)講義牛津譯林版英語八年級上冊

8A期中專項——U1U4知識點(diǎn)匯總班級：_______姓名：_______學(xué)號：_______Unit1FriendsWele：somethingtodrink/toeat一些喝的東西/吃的東西數(shù)詞＋more＋n.＝another＋數(shù)詞＋n.再來....eg.twomorebiscuits＝anothertwobiscuitshaveproblemswithsth＝haveproblems(in)doingstheg.IhaveproblemswithEnglish＝IhaveproblemslearningEnglish.telllies說謊tellfunnyjokes講有趣的笑話tellstories講故事sayabadwordaboutsb講壞話Reading:bewilling/readytodosth樂意做某事choosetodosth選擇做某事asenseofhumour幽默感humorous<adj.>humour<n.>helpsbdosth/helpsbwithsth幫助某人做某事/幫助某人某事inneed在需要中indanger在危險中introuble在困難中makesb＋adj.使某人...eg.makemehappy/sadmakesb＋dosth讓某人做某事eg.makeuslaugh/himopenthedoorGrammar：只有形容詞和副詞才存在比較級和最高級，當(dāng)比較兩個事物的時候，需要用到比較級，當(dāng)比較三者及以上事物的時候，需要用到最高級。比較級的標(biāo)志：①than②of＋兩者范圍③much,even,still,alittle,far,abit④比較級＋and＋比較級：越來越...eg.betterandbetter/moreandmorebeautiful⑤The+比較級+S+V,the+比較級+S+V:越...,就會越...eg.Themorecarefullyyouwrite,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.最高級的標(biāo)志：①in/of/among＋≥3范圍②oneof＋最高級＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)最高級前面要加“the”!!!最高級前面如果有人稱，the不要加，比如Heismybestfriend.形容詞的比較級構(gòu)成方法：副詞的比較級構(gòu)成方法:大部分adv.比較級直接加more，最高級加themost,如morecarefully,themostcarefully。(hard→harder→hardest，early→earlier→earliest)比...更多：more...than...比...更少：fewer...than...(可數(shù))/less...than...(不可數(shù))最多：themost最少：thefewest(可數(shù))/theleast(不可數(shù))as＋adj./adv.原型＋as...和...一樣notas...as.../notso...as...不如...Integratedskills:Whatishelike?他這個人怎么樣？（問品質(zhì)）Whatdoeshelike?他喜歡什么？（問愛好）Whatdoeshelooklike?他看上去怎么樣？（問長相）Sheisagirlwithaponytail.她是一個留著馬尾辮的女生with:“帶有，具有”，位于修飾詞后面，構(gòu)成介詞短語，作后置定語eg.Theyliveinabighousewithagarden.with:“和”eg.Igotoschoolwithmyfriends.with:表伴隨狀態(tài)eg.Youshouln’tsleepwiththewindowopen.planv.plantodosth計劃做某事n.futureplans未來的計劃4.makesb＋adj.使某人...eg.makemehappy/sadmakesb＋dosth讓某人做某事eg.makeuslaugh/himopenthedoorTask:have/wearasmileonone’sface某人面帶微笑brightsmilingeyes明亮微笑的眼睛makeanexcellentteacher成為一名優(yōu)秀的老師Unit2SchoollifeWele：提建議的8個句子（5＋2＋1）＋do:Whydon’tyoudosth?/Whynotdosth?Shallwedosth?/Couldyoupleasedosth?/Let’sdosth.＋doing:Howaboutdoingsth?/Whataboutdoingsth?修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)名詞＋todo:Wouldyouliketodosth?修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)名詞few:幾乎沒有l(wèi)ittle:幾乎沒有afew:有幾個alittle:有一點(diǎn)buysthforsb＝buysbsth給某人買某物practisedoingsth練習(xí)做某事practise<v.>Practicemakesperfect.practice<n.>Reading:Learningforeignlanguagesisfun.動名詞（短語）做句子主語eg.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.foreign<adj.>外國的foreigner<n.>外國人（可數(shù)名詞）borrow...from...從...借lend....to...把...借給...offersthtosb＝offersbsth給某人提供某物discusssthwithsb與某人討論某物in年in月in季節(jié)；on用在具體某一天的早中晚；at用在具體時間點(diǎn)eg.inSeptember/summer;onFridayafternoon;at7:30seemtodosth似乎做某事eg.Itseemstorain.天好像要下雨問題：problem：疑難問題，困難eg.solvetheproblemquestion：提問的問題eg.answerthequestionwin<v.>贏得won（動詞過去式）winner<n.>勝利者both...and...既...又...（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)）eg.BothJimandhissisteraregoodatEnglish.Integratedskills:Thenumberof......的數(shù)量（謂語動詞用單數(shù)）Anumberof=alotof許多，大量（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)）eg.Thenumberofstudentsisfifty.Anumberofstudentsarerunningontheplayground.have＋一段時間＋off放...天假playchess下象棋（打球類，下棋類，play后面不用冠詞，樂器要加the）atmost:至多atleast:至少StudySkills：adj.→adv.real→really,bad→badly,usual→usually,careful→carefully,quick→qucikly,slow→slowlyn.→adj.friend→friendly,day→daily,week→weekly,month→monthly,year→yearly,love→lovelylookthrough:瀏覽lookup:查閱lookout:當(dāng)心注意lookover：檢查lookafter:照顧lookfor:尋找keep（系動詞）：保持＋adj.eg.keephealthy/fit/quietkeep（實義動詞）：持續(xù)＋doingeg.keepwriting/drinkingTask:finsihdoingsth結(jié)束做某事Howlong...?Forbouttwoweeks.“多久”，對時間段提問Howsoon...?Intwoweeks.“多快”，對將來時間提問Howoften...？Onceaweek.“多久一次”，對頻率提問one和it都可以是代詞，one泛指上文提到的同類事物中的一個，復(fù)數(shù)為ones；it特指上文提到的同一個事物，復(fù)數(shù)是themeg.Ilostmypen.Ilovedit.ButnowImustbuyanewone.Unit3AdayoutWele：begoingtodosth準(zhǔn)備做某事need作情態(tài)動詞：need/needn’tdosthneed作實義動詞：needtodosthdon’t/doesn’tneedtodosthkeep(on)doingsth一直做某事；繼續(xù)，重復(fù)做某事keep作系動詞：keep+adj.e.g.keepfit/healthy保持健康realadj.真的e.g.Thismodelboatlookslikearealone.(形容詞修飾名詞)reallyadv.的確，確實e.g.Thistripisreallytiring.(副詞修飾形容詞)Shereallyhurtsmyfeelings.(副詞修飾動詞)takeaboattrip乘船游玩haveagood/greattimedoingsth=havefundoingsth=enjoyoneselfdoingsth做某事玩的開心Howlong/tall/high/wideissth?某物多長/多高/多寬？常識Nation國家CapitalPlacesofinterestAmerica/TheUSAWashingtonDCTheWhiteHouseBritain/TheUKLondonBigBenFranceParisTheEiffelTowerAustraliaCanberra堪培拉SydneyOperaHouse;HarbourBridgeReading：invitesbtodosth邀請某人做某事invitationn.邀請；邀請函參加，加入：join:加入團(tuán)體、組織或人群中e.g.jointheclub/trip/ustakepartin:加入某個活動e.g.takepartinthisactivity*takepartin=joinin③attend:一般指出席較為正式的場合e.g.attendlessons/themeeting到達(dá)：①gettosp.②arrivein/atsp.③reachsp.*get和arrive是不及物動詞，地點(diǎn)前要加介詞；reach是及物動詞，不加介詞必須加地點(diǎn)e.g.(A)Whenthey___,thereweremanykitesinthesky.A.arrivedB.reached*地點(diǎn)副詞(home,here,there)前的介詞省略e.g.get/arrive/reachhomefinally=atlast=intheend最后，最終placesofinterest名勝古跡(此處interest是不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“興趣”)show/haveinterestin(doing)sth對(做)某事產(chǎn)生興趣be/beeinterestedin…對……感興趣*interested感興趣的(修飾人)interesting有趣的(修飾事/物)tired累的(修飾人)tiring累人的(修飾事/物)bored厭煩的；無聊的(修飾人)boring令人厭煩的；無聊的(修飾事/物)Ittakessbsometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人一段時間。坐公交車去那里花了我們兩小時。Ittookustwohourstogettherebybus.*辨析“三花費(fèi)一支付”主語花費(fèi)內(nèi)容介詞take物(通常是it)時間/cost物錢/spend人時間/錢spendtime/moneyonsthspendtime/money(in)doingsthpay支付人錢paymoneyforsthGrammar：as+adj./adv.原級+as…“和……一樣”*比較的雙方必須是同類e.g.ThemodernSydneyOperaHouselooksaswonderfulasthatinAustralia.notas…as=notso…as不如e.g.Thejourneyisnotasinterestingasthevisit.這趟旅程不如參觀有意思。反身代詞：代指“某某自己”單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱himselfthemselvesherselfitself*第一第二人稱的反身代詞是由形容詞性物主代詞加self/selves構(gòu)成；第三人稱的反身代詞是由賓格加self/selves構(gòu)成*反身代詞在句中不能單獨(dú)作主語e.g.Myselfdidthehomework.(×)*helpyourself/yourselves請自便keepthesecrettothemselves他們自己保密Integratedskills:gettothefinal進(jìn)入決賽withone’ssupport在某人的幫助下發(fā)生：①takeplace（常指有計劃）②happen(一般用于偶然發(fā)生)thecostofthetrip旅行的花費(fèi)(此處cost是名詞)a10minuteperiod一段十分鐘的時期e.g.afiveminutewalk一段五分鐘的步行路程aneightyearoldboyWhydon’twe/youdosth?=Whynotdosth？It’sfreeforgroupsof30ormorestudents.對三十人及以上的學(xué)生團(tuán)體免費(fèi)。*It’s+adj.+forsb+todosth.做某事對某人來說是怎樣的。Studyskills:構(gòu)詞法：在名詞后加ful(“滿是”)/less(“沒有”)構(gòu)成形容詞carecarefulcarelesscheer歡呼cheerful興高采烈的cheerless無精打采的helphelpfulhelpless無助的useusefuluseless沒用的taste味道tasteful有品位的tasteless沒品位的hopehopefulhopelessmeaningmeaningfulmeaninglesshomehomelessbeautybeautifulend×endlesssleep×sleeplessTask:Hereisourplan.這是我們的計劃。Thecostisabout￥50perstudent.每個學(xué)生的花費(fèi)大約是人民幣50元。Unit4Doityourself(DIY)Wele：Itsays,“Doityourself.”上面寫著“自己做?！眘ay+內(nèi)容*speaktosb;saytosb;talkto/withsb;tellsbWhat’sDIYexactly?DIY確切來說是什么？exactadj.確切的，精確的exactlyadv.確切地，精確地e.g.Ineedtheexactnumberofstudents.我需要學(xué)生(人數(shù))的準(zhǔn)確數(shù)字。MymotheralwaysknowsexactlyhowIamfeeling.①instead：“反而，卻”，用于句首，多用“，”隔開；還可用于句末。e.g.Youshouldn’tbeonadiet.Instead,youshouldtakeexercise.Youshouldn’tbeonadiet.Youshouldtakeexerciseinstead.②insteadofsth/doingsth：“代替，而不是”，放于句首或句中。e.g.Youshoulddecoratethingsyourselfinsteadofpayingsomeonetodoit.paysb(money)todosth付(多少)錢給某人做某事Reading：once曾今；一次；一旦atonce立刻，馬上e.g.Oncethetigerhastastedthefleshofmen,itgoesonkillingmenforfood.fillAwithB用B裝滿Ae.g.Hefilled(動詞過去式)theroomwithwater.befilledwith=befullof充滿，滿是putup張貼；掛；搭；舉起putin安裝(水電煤等)putout撲滅puton穿上putthrough接通putaway收起putoff推遲puttogetherapieceoffurniture組裝一件家具notonly…butalso…“不僅……而且……”,遵循就近原則e.g.NotonlymyfriendsbutalsoIamgoingtoclimbthemountaintomorrow.advisesbtodosth建議某人做某事advisedoingsth建議做某事advice是不可數(shù)名詞，一條建議apieceofadvicefailtodosth未能做成某事failin(doing)sth在某事上失敗Grammar：祈使句：用于表達(dá)命令、請求、勸告、禁止等，省略主語，謂語動詞用原形?？隙ńY(jié)構(gòu)：①Do型；②Be型；③Let型e.g.Hurryup!Becareful!Let’sgo!否定結(jié)構(gòu)：①Don’t+dosth.②Don’t+be…③Let’snotdosth.④No型e.g.Don’teathere.Don’tbesad.Let’snotgooutside.Nofishing.回答：先選擇will/won’t，再補(bǔ)全前面的Yes/Nohadbetter(“最好”)和should(“應(yīng)該”)都是情態(tài)動詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面都加原形，其否定直接在后面加not:’dbetter/hadbetternotdosthshouldnot/shouldn’tdosthcutout剪出cutdown砍倒cut…intosmallpieces把…切成小塊Integratedskills:表做事順序或步驟的詞：First→Next→Then→Finally或者First→Second→Third→Fourth…tipsfor(doing)sth做某事的小竅門fruitinseason當(dāng)季水果quicklyturnbrown很快變成棕色makes