賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法

Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!2023/12/181MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchoolThey

know

theteacher.They

know

thattheteacherisaman.

22023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool賓語(yǔ)從句即句子作賓語(yǔ)，而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念二、賓語(yǔ)從句的三要素：3MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool1、關(guān)聯(lián)詞(引導(dǎo)詞）：that,if,whether,what,who,where,why和how等。2、語(yǔ)序：賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。3、時(shí)態(tài)：(1)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)具體情況而定；（2）當(dāng)主句用一般過去時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。thatwhether/if

what,who,whom,which,whose

when,where,how,why

42023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool怎樣選擇引導(dǎo)詞？怎樣選擇引導(dǎo)詞？1.賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞特殊疑問句：Whoishe?陳述句：Heisastudent.一般疑問句：Isheastudent?我不知道他是誰(shuí)？我問他是否是個(gè)學(xué)生。他說他是個(gè)學(xué)生。Watch52023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool結(jié)論1：陳述句作賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞用

,無(wú)詞義，不作句子成分，可以省略thatheisastudent.Hesays_________________thatPractice：句型轉(zhuǎn)換HelivesinBeijingIguess……Iguess（that）heIivesinBeijing.“Heisastudent.”62023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool結(jié)論2：一般疑問句作賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞用

,有詞義表“是否”，

句子成分。whether/ifheisastudent.Iaskhim_________________________whether或if不作Practice：DoesJackcomefromJapan?Doyouknow…?Doyouknowwhether/ifJackcomesfromJapan.

(陳述句語(yǔ)序)“Isheastudent?”2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool72023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool8If與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語(yǔ)只能用whetherIdon’tknow_____________whoheis.結(jié)論3：特殊疑問句作賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞用

，該詞

句子成分。原疑問詞Practice

Wheredoeshecomefrom?Idon’tknow…Idon’tknowwherehecomesfrom.（陳述句語(yǔ)序）作“Whoishe?”92023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool

引導(dǎo)詞

句子類型that陳述句一般疑問句if/whether特殊疑問詞特殊疑問句賓語(yǔ)從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：

。主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+引導(dǎo)詞+陳述句102023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool2、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool111.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.

Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?

Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.

Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool124.DoesheknowFrench?

Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.

Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?

They’renotsureif/whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer.

They’renotsureif/whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer.2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool131.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?

2.Mr.SmithhasbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtellsLinTao.

Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtellsLinTao(that)MrSmithhasbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.

2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool143.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldus.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansound.2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool15Idon’tknowyouwanttotakepartinthecompetition.162023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool結(jié)論：主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

。可以是_______時(shí)態(tài)。主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況而定任何Iheardanewrestaurantwouldbeopenedinthecitynextmonth.Ididn’tknowyouwanted

totakepartinthecompetition.Shetoldusshehadborrowedthebookfromthelibrary.172023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool結(jié)論：主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要

。主句為過去時(shí)主句為過去時(shí)用與其相應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)論：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.2023/12/18MadebylynninSuheMiddleSchool18所謂感嘆句，就是用來(lái)表達(dá)喜怒哀樂等強(qiáng)烈情感的句子。近年來(lái)，感嘆句的構(gòu)成及轉(zhuǎn)換是中考?？嫉目键c(diǎn)之一。感嘆句一般由“what”和“how”來(lái)開頭的句子“what”修飾名詞，“how”修飾形容詞和副詞What和How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句1.Whata/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！2.What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！3.What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！WhatHow1.How+形容詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！2.How+副詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！3.How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句"what"意為"多么"用作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分），名詞前可有其它定語(yǔ)成份（即：形容詞或冠詞）。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要加不定冠詞a/an,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。一般有三種形式，此時(shí)what為形容詞，作定語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾它后面的名詞或詞組。1.what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！

What

aninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！

What

agoodgirlsheis!

她是個(gè)多么好的一個(gè)女孩?。?.what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！

Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！

Whatbadweatheritis!多么糟糕的天氣！3.what+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!

Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!

多么漂亮的花?。?/p>

Whatgoodstudentstheyare!

他們是多么好的學(xué)生??！"how"意為"多么"，用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分）。如果修飾形容詞，則句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用系動(dòng)詞；如果how修飾副詞，則句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用行為動(dòng)詞，How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。此時(shí)how是副詞，用來(lái)修飾其后的形容詞或副詞，也可以修飾動(dòng)詞。1、How+形容詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！例如：Howcolditistoday!

今天多么冷呀！

Howhotitistoday!

今天多么熱呀！

2、How+副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！例如：Howfast

Mikeisrunning!

邁克跑得真快呀！

Howfastheruns!

他跑得多么快呀！3、How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（陳述句）！例如：Howheloveshisson!他是多么的愛他的兒子！

Howtimeflies!光陰似箭！表示同一意義時(shí)，感嘆既可用"what“

引導(dǎo)，也可用"how"引導(dǎo)①Whatahotdayitis!

Howhotthedayis!

多么熱的天氣呀?、赪hattallbuildingstheyare!

Howtallthebuildingsare!多么高的樓房呀?、踂hatbadweatheritis!

Howbadtheweatheris!

多么糟糕的天氣呀?、躓hatbrightsunshineitis!

Howbrightthesunshineis!

多么明亮的陽(yáng)光呀！表示激動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈的感情時(shí)，口語(yǔ)中常省略其后面的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)①Whatafineday（itis）!

多么晴朗的天呀！②Whatanhonestboy!

多么誠(chéng)實(shí)的孩子呀?、踂hatredapples（theyare)!

多么紅的蘋果呀?、蹾owcool!

好涼快呀?、軭owwonderful!

精彩極了！

口語(yǔ)中常用:

Whatapity!

真遺憾！Whatashame!

真遺憾!真可恥！1.客觀真理,時(shí)態(tài)不變:

賓語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容是客觀事實(shí)或科學(xué)真理等時(shí),不論主句是何種時(shí)態(tài),從句的時(shí)態(tài)都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2.否定前移:

當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,suppose,guess,believe等,并且主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí),從句的否定詞應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移為對(duì)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定,即否定前移。

三、賓語(yǔ)從句運(yùn)用中的“三注意”

Idon’tknowwhat

Icansaynext.=Idon’tknow

whattosaynext.Hedoesn’tknowwhere

hecanmakeaphonecall.=Hedoesn’tknowwheretomakeaphonecall.3.主句和從句的主語(yǔ)為同一人，賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如下所示：賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：連接詞

that（陳述句）

if/whether（一般疑問句）

who;whom;whose;which;what

when;where;why;how(特殊疑問句)時(shí)態(tài)

主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，

從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)

主句為一般過去時(shí)，

從句進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化

客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象等不變語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句小結(jié)句型轉(zhuǎn)換?！癐wanttoworkinBeijinginthefuture.”Marysays.(改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句)Marysaysthat___________toworkinBeijinginthefuture.2.HowcanIgettotheSpaceMuseum?Couldyoutellme?(改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句)Couldyoutellme_____________gettotheSpaceMuseum?shewantshowIcan

【學(xué)以致用】1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theymadeit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.that

DABC5.Iwonder_______heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_______shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD1.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whowasshewaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_______nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch________toflytoHainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcost