高一英語語法歸納總結(jié)及高一英語語法練習(xí)-動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)

高一英語語法歸納總結(jié)定語從句的歸納一．幾個(gè)基本概念1.定語從句的定義：用作定語的從句叫定語從句。2.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。3.定語從句的位置：緊跟先行詞（名詞或代詞）之后。4.引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞（包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。﹙1﹚關(guān)系代詞：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚關(guān)系副詞：when/where/why5.引導(dǎo)詞的位置：位于定語從句之前（先行詞之后）。【as除外】6.引導(dǎo)詞的功能（作用）：﹙1﹚連接先行詞和定語從句。﹙2﹚在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分（關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)主語或賓語，關(guān)系副詞充當(dāng)狀語）。7.定語從句的類型：﹙1﹚限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間無逗號(hào)）。①直接由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)定語從句Themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)Themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.IneedapenwithwhichIcanwritealetter.=IneedapieceofpaperonwhichIcanwritealetter.介詞的選用可根據(jù)從句中的相關(guān)詞組確定，該介詞通?？梢苑旁陉P(guān)系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。例如：Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijing=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingThepalace(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間用逗號(hào)隔開）。①直接由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。②由介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)。Iliveinahousefarawayfromthecity,infrontofwhichisabigtree.Thereisanappletreestandingatthegate,onwhicharemanyapples.ThisisthemantowhomIgavethebook.③由“代詞/名詞+of+whom/which”或“ofwhich/whom+名詞/代詞”(先行詞指人用whom,指物用which)引導(dǎo)。One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等詞、數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分比與ofwhom或ofwhich連用。Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比較：Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.(比較：Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.)除why和that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句外，其余引導(dǎo)詞都可以，用法同限定性定語從句一樣。但要注意以下區(qū)別。1.在形式上非限定性定語從句與主句有逗號(hào)隔開。2.非限定性定語從句的作用：它只是補(bǔ)充說明先行詞的情況，翻譯時(shí)可譯成兩個(gè)句子。Theengineer,whoselegwasbadlyhurt,wasquicklysenttohospital.（那位工程師被很快送往醫(yī)院，其腿部受了重傷）Theengineerwhoselegwasbadlyhurtwasquicklysenttohospital.（那位腿部受了重傷的工程師被很快送往醫(yī)院）3.在非限定性定語從句中，任何引導(dǎo)詞都不能省略（包括引導(dǎo)詞在此定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語在內(nèi)）。指人做主語時(shí)只能用who,做賓語時(shí)用whom;指物做主語，賓語都用which;關(guān)系副詞用when或where，也不能省略。Theman,______issittingonthechair,ismyfather.Thewoman,_______Imetyesterday,ismyEnglishteacher.Thecity,_______isfaraway,isverybeautiful.HewenttoAmerica,______hisparentslive.HejoinedtheArmyyesterday,______Ileft,too.4.whose引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句：Thehouse,whosewindowfacessouth,ismine.=Thehouse,thewindowofwhichfacessouth,ismine.＝Thehouse,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth,ismine.二.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法。1.who/that指人是主格在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的主語，不能省略。Doyouknowthegentlemanwho/thatissittingthere?2.whom/who/that指人是賓格，在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的賓語（動(dòng)賓或介賓）。①當(dāng)作動(dòng)賓（動(dòng)詞后接賓語）時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。Doyouknowthegentleman(whom/who/that)wemetjustnow?②當(dāng)作介賓（介詞后接賓語）時(shí)：介詞不提前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略；介詞提前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不可省，即介詞＋whom(指人時(shí)介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能用whom)。Theman(whom/who/that)Ispokewithismyteacher.ThemanwithwhomIspokeismyteacher.※注：固定的動(dòng)詞短語（動(dòng)詞+介詞）如lookfor,takecareof等不能把動(dòng)詞與介詞拆開，既介詞不能提至引導(dǎo)詞前。Sheistherightgirl(who/whom/that)wearelookingfor.3.whose:指人或物，是所有格“…的”形式。Whose+n.一起在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語（動(dòng)賓或介賓）即先行詞的什么東西怎樣了，whose不能省略。。Whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the=n.Ididn’tfindthedeskwhoselegwasbroken.（主語）HeisthestudentwhosepencilIbrokeyesterday.（動(dòng)賓）ThebossinwhosecompanyIworkisverykind.（介賓）4.which/that指物，指代先行詞且在定語從句中作主語或賓語（動(dòng)賓或介賓）。①當(dāng)作動(dòng)賓時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。②當(dāng)作介賓時(shí)：介詞不提前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略；介詞提前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不可省，即介詞＋which(指物時(shí)介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能用which)。Thehousewhich/thatwasdestroyedintheearthquakeisweak.Thepen(which/that)youfoundyesterdayismine.Thegames(that/which)theyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.Thegamesinwhichtheyoungmencompetedweredifficult.※注:介詞+關(guān)系代詞即介詞+whom/which(先行詞指人用whom，指物用which)?！?.as指人或物，在定語從句中可作主語，賓語，表語或狀語，不能省略。主要用于“thesame…as…；such…as…；so…as…；as…as…；asfollows”固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，形式固定此時(shí)的引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句。要用as代替who(m),which,或that引導(dǎo)定語從句：SuchpeopleasknewHillthoughthewashonest.SuchpeopleasHillknewthoughthewashonest.Myhometownisnolongerthesameasitwas.Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.Thechildknowsasmuchasgrow-ups(know).I’dliketohavethesamebooksasareusedinyourschool.HeisnotsuchapersonasIexpected.Hewillmarryasprettyagirlashecanfind.※注：which和as可引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句：可以指代主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，有時(shí)可以互換。因此，當(dāng)as/which指代前面的整個(gè)句子，或前句中的部分內(nèi)容作定語從句的主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)．Ourteamlostthegame,as/whichwasreportedinthenewspaper.Shewasterrified,as/whichIcouldseefromhereyes.Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.區(qū)別：①as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中間或放在主句末尾；而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句后面。Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.=Aswasnatural,hemarriedher.MarkTwinisagreatwriter,which/asisknowntoall.=Asisknowntoall,MarkTwinisagreatwriter.②as引導(dǎo)的從句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which則無此意。常用句型有：asweallknow,asisknowntoall,aseverybodycansee,asisexpected,Asisknown/said/reported/told/weallknow等。如：Asweallknow,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish.③主句和從句有因果關(guān)系時(shí)，用which.Ourclasshaswonthefootballmatch,whichmadeusveryhappy.Bamboosarehollow,whichmakesthemverylight.④從句含否定意義時(shí)常用which.Shedidn’tpasstheexam,whichwecouldn’texpect.Shedidn’tpasstheexam,asweexpected.6.when關(guān)系副詞：指時(shí)間。在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，不能省略。此時(shí)的when還可用介詞+which替換（此時(shí)先行詞一定是表時(shí)間的名詞）。IstillrememberthetimewhenIjoinedtheLeague.＝IstillrememberthetimeonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.＝Istillrememberthetime(which/that)IjoinedtheLeagueon.7.where關(guān)系副詞：指地點(diǎn)。在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，不能省略。此時(shí)的when還可用介詞+which替換（此時(shí)先行詞一定是表地點(diǎn)的名詞）。IstillremembertheschoolwhereIjoinedtheLeague.＝IstillremembertheschoolinwhichIjoinedtheLeague.＝Istillremembertheschool(which/that)IjoinedtheLeaguein.※注：對關(guān)系副詞when,where的認(rèn)識(shí)。①.先行詞是時(shí)間的名詞，并非都用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語從句。I’llneverforgetthetime(which/that)IspentinBeijing.②.先行詞是地點(diǎn)的名詞，并非都用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。Thisisthefactory(which/that)hevisitedyesterday.③.當(dāng)句型為It/This/Thatis(was)thefirst(second…last)time引起的句子時(shí)用that連接其后的句子。此時(shí)的time是次數(shù)，不是時(shí)間。It/Thisisthefirsttimethatwetravel.It/ThisisthelasttimethatIshallgiveyoualesson.8.why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，先行詞通常為reason,不能省略。且why引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能是限定性定語從句。Why=forwhichIdon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateyesterday.Thereasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslateisthathemissedthebus.※注：當(dāng)先行詞為reason時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞并非都用why。Thisisthereason(that/which)hegave/explainedtous.【判斷用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞】從句缺少的是主語、賓語還是狀語是確定用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞的關(guān)鍵。試比較：Iwillneverforgettheday(which/that)IspentinHongkong.(spent是及物動(dòng)詞，后缺賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞或省略)Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichHongkongreturnedtoitsmotherland.（從句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞）Thereason（that/which）hegavefornotcomingtoschoolyesterdayisn’tbelievable.(gave是及物動(dòng)詞，后缺賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞或省略)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisn’tbelievable.（從句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞）三.值得注意的幾個(gè)問題：第一.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞(that/which)只用that的情況。1.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.Thisisthefirstbook(that)Iborrowfromthelibrary.※Heisthefirststudentthat/whocametoschooltoday.2.當(dāng)先行詞為兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上分別指人和物的名詞時(shí)。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandtheschool(that)hehadvisited.3.當(dāng)先行詞本身是all的，用that。(allthat=what)Allthat(what)Iwanttosaytoyouis“Thankyou”.=All(what)Iwanttosaytoyouis“Thankyou”.Gooverallthat(what)welearned.=Gooverall(what)welearned.（that在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語可以省略）4.先行詞為something,anything,nothing,everything,thing時(shí)，用that.I’lltellyouanything(that)Iknow.5.當(dāng)先行詞前有all,much,little,many,(a)few,every,some,any,no,only,thevery,oneof,theonly,thelast,thenext等修飾語時(shí)。Thisisoneofthebooks(that)I’mveryinterestingin.※ThisisoneofthebooksinwhichI’mveryinteresting.Thisistheonlybook(that)Iread.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysthatlikesplayingthepiano.Alltheglassesthatwereonthetablefelloffontothefloor.6.（人，物），當(dāng)先行詞在以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句中時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)以避免混淆．Whoisthemanthatistalkingwiththelady?Whichofyouthatknowtheanswercancometothefront?7.當(dāng)先行詞是在定語從句中作表語時(shí)，用that．Helikesthegirlthatsheusedtobe.第二.當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞(that/which)只用which的情況。1.作介賓且介詞置于引導(dǎo)詞之前時(shí)．Theroominwhichhelivesisverylarge.2.引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)（主，賓都用which,都不能省略）．Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Thehouse,whichIvisitedyesterday,isverylarge.3.which指整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容或部分內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句．Healwaysmakesfunofme,whichupsetsme.第三.其他特殊情況．1.先行詞是these,those指人時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用who.Thosewhoareplayingovertherearemystudents.2.先行詞是人稱代詞(he,she…)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用who.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3.不定代詞someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody作先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用who.Anybodywhobreakstheruleswouldbepunished.4.①先行詞是theonlyoneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句中的謂語用單數(shù)形式（因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)的先行詞是theonlyone,而不是of后的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）．Heistheonlyoneoftheboysthatlikesplayingthepiano.Thisistheonlyoneofthebooksthatisborrowed.②先行詞是oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句中的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式（因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)的先行詞是of后的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),而不是one）．Thisisoneofthestudentswhoarelate.5.當(dāng)主句缺先行詞時(shí)，用theone代替，但須注意：theone只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)．如為不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，指什么用什么．IsthisschooltheoneIvisitedyesterday?Ispopmusicthemusichelikesbest?6.當(dāng)先行詞是theway,在定語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語時(shí)（theway表＂以…方式／方法＂），引導(dǎo)詞通常用that或省略，也可用inwhich．Idon’tliketheway(that)youspeak.=Idon’tlikethewayinwhichyouspeak.=Idon’tliketheway(which/that)youspeakin.【“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”十種情況】在定語從句中，介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)是一種較為復(fù)雜的問題?，F(xiàn)就幾種常見的介詞+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)淺析如下：1．介詞+which在定語從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語，代替相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when,where和why。如：Istillrememberthedayonwhich(when)Ifirstcametoschool.我仍然記得初來學(xué)校的那一天。Thefactoryinwhich(=where)Iworkisalargeone.我工作的工廠是一個(gè)大工廠。Thisisthereasonforwhich(=why)hewaslate.這就是他為什么遲到的原因。2．介詞+which（指物）/whom（指人）在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，表示存在關(guān)系，定語從句主謂一般要倒置。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.他來到一處農(nóng)舍，前邊坐著一個(gè)小男孩。Isawaman,ontheheadofwhomstoodabird.我看見一個(gè)人，他的頭上站著一只鳥。3．介詞+which（指物）/whom（指人）在定語從句中作目的、方式或地點(diǎn)狀語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞一般受動(dòng)詞或介詞后的名詞所制約。如：Couldyoutellmeforwhomyou’veboughtthiscoat?你能告訴我這件衣服是給誰買的嗎？Theman,fromwhomIlearnedthenews,isanengineer.這人是一位工程師，我是從他那里得到這消息的。4．介詞+which/whom，用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句中，作狀語，說明動(dòng)作的出發(fā)者。如：Thewolfbywhichthesheepwaskilledwasshot.傷害羊的那只狼被打死了。Themanbywhomthewolfwasshotwasagoodhunter.打死狼的那人是個(gè)好獵手。5．不定代詞+of+which/whom，在定語從句中作主語，說明整體中的部分，常用的不定代詞有：both,all,any,some,each,none,most等。如：Therearealotofbookshere,noneofwhichbelongstome.這兒有許多書，可一本也不屬于我。YesterdayMaryboughtafewclothes,allofwhichwereexpensive.昨天瑪麗買了一些衣服，他們都很貴。6．?dāng)?shù)詞+of+which/whom，在定語從句中作主語，說明整體與部分的關(guān)系。數(shù)詞可以是基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)。如：Inourclasstherearefifty-fourstudents,twenty-fiveofwhomaregirls.我們班有54名學(xué)生，25人是女生。Twowatcheswerestolen,oneofwhichwasmine.兩只手表被偷了，其中一只是我的。7．名詞+of+which代替whose+名詞，在定語從句中作定語。如：Isawsometrees,theleavesofwhich(=whoseleaves)wereblackwithdisease.我看見一些樹，他們的葉子因害病而發(fā)黑。Iliveinahouse,thewindowsofwhichareallbroken.我住在一所房子里，其窗都破了。8．介詞+which（指物）/whose（指人）修飾后邊的名詞。如：Itrainedallnightandallday,duringwhichtimetheshipwasbrokenintopieces.雨下了一天一夜，就在這期間輪船撞碎了。Thedriverwasthemanfromwhoseroomshehadstolenthemaps.司機(jī)就是那個(gè)人，她從他的房間偷走地圖。9．形容詞最高級(jí)+of+which/whom結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中，作定語，表部分關(guān)系。如：Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.中國有成千上萬個(gè)島嶼，其中最大的是臺(tái)灣島。Inourclasstherearetwentygirls,thecleverestofwhomisLiHua.我們班有20名女生，最聰明的是李華。10．介詞+which+不定式。此種用法多見于正式文體中，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如：Atlasthehadsomethingaboutwhichtowritehome.他終于有了給家里寫信的內(nèi)容了。Hehadnokeywithwhichtoopenthedoor.他沒有開門的鑰匙。Hehasasmallroominwhichtolive.【運(yùn)用定語從句時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題】1．關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyMarkTwain.這是馬克吐溫所寫的書中的一本。（先行詞是books，因此動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用were。）2．關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分，因此要注意避免從句中句子成分的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavevisitedit.ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavevisited.這是我參觀過的最美的地方。（去掉it，因that代替先行詞themostbeautifulplace在定語從句中作visit的賓語，再加it就多余了。）TheschoolwhereIworkedthereisabigone.TheschoolwhereIworkedisabigone.我所工作過的學(xué)校是一所大學(xué)校。（去掉there，因where既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在從句中代替intheschool作狀語。）3．關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)不可省略。Thebookswereonthetableweregiventoyou.Thebooksthatwereonthetableweregiventoyou.桌上的那些書是給你的。（關(guān)系代詞that作主語不能?。?．“oneofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后的定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)情況?！皁neofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，復(fù)數(shù)名詞是先行詞，所以謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如果“oneofthe+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”前面有thevery/only等修飾語，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，因?yàn)橄刃性~是，而不是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhospeaksJapaneseinourclass.他是我們班唯一說日語的學(xué)生。（theonlyone是先行詞）HeisoneofthestudentswhospeaksJapaneseinourclass.他是我們班里說日語的學(xué)生之一。（students是先行詞）5．定語從句中who和whom的選用。關(guān)系代詞who/whom引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，作主語用主格who，作賓語用賓格whom。在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句帶有插入語，而又不用逗號(hào)分開時(shí)，要用who。MaryisagirlwhoIthinkisclever.在定語從句whoIthinkisclever中,Ithink是插入語，去掉后Maryisagirlwhoisclever是一個(gè)完整的句子，who是定語從句的主語，不能用whom替換。但下面的句子，情況就不同了：MaryisagirlwhomIthinktobeclever.在定語從句whomIthinktobeclever中，如把Ithink看作插入語而去掉，則剩下的部分Maryisagirlwhomtobeclever很明顯不是一個(gè)完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，所以Ithink不能被看作是插入語，而是定語從句在的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，whom作think的賓語，tobeclever是whom的賓補(bǔ)。6．定語從句中關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞的選擇取決于它們在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞帧Ｈ缱髦髡Z和賓語用關(guān)系代詞；作狀語，用關(guān)系副詞。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIwentabroadmyself.（when在從句中代替時(shí)間狀語ontheday，此句可分解為I’llneverforgettheday.Iwentabroadmyselfontheday.）I’llneverforgetthedaysthatwespenttogether.（that代替thedays，在從句中作spent的賓語，該句可分解為I’llneverforgetthedays.Wespentthedaystogether.） 牛津高一英語語法練習(xí)-動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)基礎(chǔ)練

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．A．a(chǎn)renotkept；willhavetoB．a(chǎn)renotkept；haveC．donotkeep；willhavetoD．donotkeep；havetoThefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,are____andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．Yes，italldependsontheweather．A．I'vebeentoldB．I'vetoldC．I'mtoldD．Itold

4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken8.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetup

D.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit__over60dollars.

A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost

10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-What’stheprettysmallhousethat__for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.Doyoulikethematerial?Yes,it___verysoftA.isfeelingB.felt

C.feelsD.isfelt12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese．A．writeB．towriteC．tobewrittenD．written13.Ihavenomoreletters____，thankyou．

A．totypeB．typing

C．tobetypedD．typed

14.Takecare!Don’tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily.A.won’twashoutB.won’tbewashedoutC.isn’twashedoutD.isn’twashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout16.Thecomputersonthetable___ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?Oh,excellent.It’sworth___asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingread18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch19.Thispageneeded___again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked20.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercisesA.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching答案key1--5ACADC6--10BCBDA11--15CBCAD16--20DCCDB時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)通練Themathsproblemcanbe______.A.easyworkedoutB.easytobeworkedoutC.easilyworkedoutD.easilytoworkoutEverypossiblemeans______,butnoneprovessuccessfulA.hasbeentriedB.triedC.isbeingtriedD.hastried3.Thegirlisto______arichman.A.marrywithB.bemarriedC.marrytoD.bemarriedto4.Hereceivedatelegramthat______“Mothersick”A.wroteB.saysC.readsD.read5.Whocanyouimagine______tohisweddingparty?A.invitingB.beinginvitedC.wasinvitedD.tobeinvited6.I______tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.(NMET)A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven7.——WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White?——He’salreadybeen______.(NMET)askedforB.sentforC.calledforD.lookedfor8.Aconductor______tokeepusintimeinthesingingyesterday.A.needsB.isneedingC.wasneededD.hasbeenneeded9.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______yet.A.isnotdecided

B.arenotdecided

C.hasnotdecided

D.havenotdecided

10.Ways______tostoppollutionbynow.A.mustfindB.willbefoundC.arefoundD.havebeenfound

11.Idon’twantanything______aboutit.

A.tosay

B.said

C.saying

D.havingsaid

12.——______thatthesportsmeetmightbeputoff.——Yes,italldependsontheweather.

A.I’mtoldD.I’vetoldC.IvebeentoldB.I’vetold13.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks______tothenationasagift.(NMET)

A.isoffered

B.hasoffered

C.areoffered

D.haveoffered

14.Bettyhasneverbeenheard_______illofothers.

A.speak

B.spoken

C.tospeak

D.wassaid

15.Tom______tohavedeliveredthespeechintheirtheatreroom.

A.said

B.says

C.issaid

D.wassaid

16.——Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

sworth______asecondtime.(NMET)——Oh,excellent.It

A.toread

B.toberead

C.reading

D.beingread

17.LittleJimshouldlove______tothetheatrethisevening.(NMET)

A.tobetaken

B.totake

C.beingtaken

D.taking.

18.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(NMET)

A.Given

B.togive

C.Giving

D.Havinggiven

19.——where______thebook?Ican’tseeitanywhere.

——I______itrightherebutnowit’sgone.

A.didyouput;haveput

B.haveyouput;put

C.hadyouput;wasputting

D.wereyouputting;haveput

20.Hewouldnotfailsolongashe______hardthenextterm.

A.studied

B.wouldstudy

C.hadstudied

D.studies

21.Howlong______theEnglishparty______?

A.has;beenlasted

B.did;last

C.was;lasted

D.will;belasted

22.What______you______thistimenextFriday?

A.will;do

B.have;beendoing

C.are;doing

D.will;bedoing

23.Hardly______thebell______whentheteachercamein.

A.did;ring

B.would;ring

C.has;rung

D.had;rung

24.It______andthestreetswerestillwet.

A.hadbeenraining

B.rained

C.hadbeenrained

D.wouldrain

25.Thebook______onthegroundfortenminutesbutnonoehaspickeditup.

A.islying

B.haslain

C.lay

D.hasbeenlying

26.We______therewhenit______torain.

A.weregetting;wouldbegin

B.wereabouttoget;began

C.hadgot;hadbegun

D.wouldget;began

27.Theteachersaidwe______tenlessonsbytheendofthisterm.

A.shouldhavestudied

B.weregoingtostudy

C.havestudied

D.shouldstudy

28.——shetoldmeshehadmetyouinLondonlastyear.——______you______hersince?

A.Had;met

B.Did;see

C.Would;meet

D.Have;seen

29.——When______again?——Whenhe______,I’llletyouknow.

A.willhecome;willcome

B.willhecome;come

C.hecomes;comes

D.willhecome;comes

30.Tom______formorethanaweek.

A.hasleft

B.hadgoneaway

C.wentaway

D.hasbeenaway

31.——Whathappenedtoherteeth?——She______theapplemorethanshecouldchew.

A.hasbitten

B.bit

C.hadbeenbittingD.bites

32.Shakespearewassaid______37famousplaysinhislifetime.

A.finishingwriting

B.tofinishwriting

C.havingwritten

D.tohavewritten

33.——You’veagreedtogo.Sowhyaren’tyougettingready?

——ButI______thatyou______metostartatonce.

A.don’trealize;want

B.don’trealize;wanted

C.haven’trealized;want

D.didn’trealize;wanted

34.——Imissedthelecturelastnight.

——Oh,whatapity!Iwish______.

A.youhearedit

B.youhadheardit

C.youneverheardit

D.youhadn’theardit

35.I’llreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasI______it.

A.finished

B.amgoingtofinish

C.willfinish

D.havefinished

36.——Yourphonenumberagain?I______quitecatchit.——It’s9586442.(NMET)

A.didn’t

B.couldn’t

C.don’t

D.can’t

37.——I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.——Oh,notatall.I______hereonlyafewminutes.

A.havebeen

B.hadbeen

C.was

D.willbe

38.WhenIwasatcollege.I______threeforeignlanguages,butI______allexceptafewwordsofeach.

A.spoke;hadforgotten

B.spoke;haveforgotten

C.hadspoedn;hadforgotten

D.hadspoken;haveforgotten

39.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe______.

A.willarrive

B.arrives

C.isgoingtoarrive

D.isarriving(NMET)

40.——WhoisJerryCooper?

——______?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.(NMET)

A.Don’tyoumeethimyet

B.Hadn’tyoumethimyet

C.Didn’tyoumeethimyet

D.Haven’tyoumethimyet

41.——Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.

——Yes,ataxi______atallnecessary.(NMET)

A.wasn’t

B.hadn’tbeen

C.wouldn’tbe

D.won’tbe

42.Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousuppose______toher?(NEMT)

A.washappening

B.tohappen

C.hashaqqend

D.havinghappened

43.OnSaturdayafternoon,MrsGreenwenttothemarket,______somebananasandvisitedhercousin.(NMET)

A.bought

B.buying

C.tobuy

D.buy

44.Asshe______thenewspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)

A.read;wasfalling

B.wasreading;fell

C.wasreading;wasfalling

D.read;fell

45.I______thebadcoldforaweek,stillIcan’tgetridofit.

A.caught

B.havecaught

C.have

D.havehad

46.I______thetime______soquickly.

A.didn’trealize;hadpassed

B.don’trealize;passed

C.haven’trealized;passed

D.hadn’trealized;hadpassed

47.——Mywatch______twelveo’clock.It’ssolate.——Let’shurryup.

A.issaid

B.says

C.istold

D.tells

48.Helen______herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaitherhusband_____home.(NMET)

A.hasleft;comes

B.left;hadcome

C.hadleft;came

D.hadleft;wouldcome

49.ThepenI______I______isonmydesk,rightundermynose.(NMET)

A.think;lost

B.thought;hadlost

C.think;hadlost

D.thought;havelost

50.——Janehasjustarrived.——Ididn’tknowshe______.

A.iscoming

B.wascoming

C.hadbeencoming

D.willcome參考答案：1－5CADDC6－10BBCAD11－15BAACC16－20CAABA21－25BDDAD26－30BADDD31－35BDDBD36－40AABBD41－45ACABD46－50ABCBB

三、提高練習(xí)

1.Icanguessyouwereinahurry.You＿＿yoursweaterinsideout.

A.hadwornB.woreC.werewearingD.arewearing—We＿＿thatyouwouldfixtheTVsetthisweek.—I’msorry.I＿＿to,butI’vebeentoobusy.A.hadexpected；hadintendedB.areexpecting；hadintendedC.expect；intendD.expected；intendHewillstopshowingoff,ifnonotice＿＿ofhim.istakenB.willbetakenC.takesD.hastaken—Itissaidthatanothernewcarfactory＿＿now.—Yeah.It＿＿oneandahalfyears.isbuilding；takesB.isbeingbuilt；willtakeC.isbuilt；willtakeD.isbeingbuilt；takes5.—I’msorry,butIshouldn’thavebeensorudetoyou.—You＿＿yourtemperbutthat’sOK.havelostB.hadlostC.didloseD.werelosing—Why?Tom,yourshirtissodirty!—Mum,I＿＿mystoreroomdownstairsA.cleanedB.haveworkedC.wascleaningD.havebeencleaning7.Theywon’tbuynewclothesbecausethey＿＿moneytobuyacolorTVset.

A.saveB.aresavingC.hassavedD.weresaving8.Goodheavens!Thereyouare!We＿＿anxiousaboutyou,andwe＿＿youbackthroughoutthenight.A.are；expectB.were；hadexpectedC.havebeen；wereexpectingD.are；wereexpecting9.I’vefinallyfinishedmypaperandit＿＿meanentiremonth.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.hadtaken10.Thetrafficinourcityisalreadygoodandit＿＿evenbetter.A.getsB.gotC.hasgotD.isgetting11.—HasJackfinishedhishomeworkyet?—Ihavenoidea；he＿＿itthismorning.wasdoingB.hadbeendoingC.hasdone

D.did—Iwillcometoattendyourlectureat10:00tomorrow.—I’msorry,bythenmylecturewillhaveendedandI＿＿myguestsinmyoffice.

A.isbeingmetB.willmeetC.willbemeetingD.willhavemet—Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday—Really?Where＿＿?hasshebeenB.hadshebeenC.hasshegoneD.hadshegoneJohnandI＿＿friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe＿＿eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.hadbeen；havemetB.havebeen；havemetC.hadbeen；hadmetD.havebeen；hadmetI＿＿ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven’thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play16.I’vewonaholidayfortwotoFlorida.I＿＿mymum.A.takeB.amtakingC.havetakenD.willhavetaken17.—Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?—I’msorryI＿＿anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay18.—Where＿＿?—Igotstuckintheheavytraffic.I＿＿h(yuǎn)ereearlier.didyougo；hadarrivedB.haveyoubeen；wouldhavebeen

C.wereyou；wouldcomeD.areyou；was

19.IknowMrBrown；we＿＿toeachotherataninternationalconference.

A.areintroducedB.havebeenintroduced

C.wereintroducedD.hadbeenintroduced

20.—Wheredoyouthink＿＿h(yuǎn)e＿＿thecomputer?

-Sorry.Ihavenoidea.

A.has；boughtB.／；boughtC.did；buyD.had；bought—I＿＿toaparty,butI’vegotnothingtowear.—Whydon’tyouhaveadressmadefortheparty?A.wasaskedB.willaskC.haveaskedD.havebeenasked22.Ididn’tlikeAuntLucy,who＿＿withoutwarningandbringinguspresents.alwaysturnedupB.hasalwaysturnedupC.wasalwaysturningupD.wasalwaysturnedup23.—WhatdoyouthinkofthiskindofTVset,which＿＿inShanghai?—Well,Idon’tcaresuchthings.A.wasmadeB.ismadeC.hasbeenmadeD.hadbeenmade24.—Tom,didMr.Lijoinyouinyourdiscussion—No,he＿＿,buthehappenedtohavefallenill.A.wouldliketoB.willC.wastohaveD.wasgoingtojoin25.—Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?

—Idon’tthinkso.He＿＿totheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened26.Theplane＿＿at7:00p.m.,soIhavetobeattheairportby6:40atthelatest.

A.hasleftB.istoleaveC.willhaveleftD.leaves27.Thetrain＿＿＿＿＿atthepresentspeeduntilitreachesthefootofthemountainataboutnineo’clocktonight.A.wentB.isgoingC.goesD.willbegoing28.Lookatthis!I＿＿so